Reading Review News Buzz Whats Trending Going Viral Benefits and Risks of (very very) fast dissemination of news Weve always been technology junkies. A Gift of Fire, Chapter 1 A Masai (sic) warrior with a smartphone and Google has access to more information than the President did 15 years ago and More folks have access to a cellphone than to a toilet.* *In Chapters 1 and 2, respectively, of Peter H. Diamandis and Steven Kotler, Abundance: The Future Is Better Than You Think, Free Press, What is the Author Implying? As a side effect of cellphone use and the sophistication of smartphones, researchers are learning an enormous amount about our behavior. Laws protect the privacy of the content of our conversations, but smartphones log calls and messages and contain devices that detect location, motion, direction, light levels, and other phones nearby. Most owners carry their phones all day. Researchers analyze this trove of sensor data. (Yes, much of it can be stored.) Analysis of the data generates valuable information about traffic congestion, commuting patterns, and the spread of disease. In an example of the latter, by studying movement and communication patterns of MIT students, researchers could detect who had the flu, sometimes before the students knew it themselves. Researchers also can determine which people influence the decisions of others. Advertisers and politicians crave such information. Perhaps the eeriest result is that researchers who analyzed time and location data from millions of calls said that, with enough data, a mathematical model could predict where someone would be at a particular future time with more than 90% accuracy. Talking on a phone while driving a car increases the risk of an accident. Some states prohibit use of handheld phones while driving (and a lot of drivers ignore the ban). Researchers developed an app that uses motion detection by smartphones to deduce that a phone is in a moving car and block incoming calls. A more sophisticated version locates the phone well enough to block only the drivers phone, not that of a passenger. Discuss Kill Switches Crowd Funding the cost of Going Viral Web-Based Collaboration the dark side Google Me This... what is the significance of this picture? MEMs Technology MEMs Devices - Small, light, mobile....and, most importantly,....cheap. Smart Dust The idea that we can scatter sensors of all types throughout a region that can measure (whatever) and report back to some database management system that has decision support capability. Each sensor knows where it is (geolocation), and when it is (access to a common time-base). Examples.... EKSO Bionics Old problems in a new context - Cyberspace has many of the problems, annoyances, and controversies of non-cyber life, among them crime, pornography, violent fiction and games, advertising, copyright infringement, gambling, and products that do not work right. Varied sources of solutions to problems - Solutions for problems that result from new technology come from more or improved technology, the market, management policies, education and public awareness, volunteer efforts, and law. The global reach of the Net - The ease of communication with distant countries has profound social, economic, and political effectssome beneficial, some not. Trade-offs and controversy - Increasing privacy and security often means reducing convenience. Protecting privacy makes law enforcement more difficult. Unpleasant, offensive, or inaccurate information accompanies our access to the Webs vast amounts of useful information. Perfection is a direction, not an option Dont let the perfect be the enemy of the good. Differences between personal choices, business policies, and law - The criteria for making personal choices, for making policies for businesses and organizations, and for writing laws are fundamentally different. What's So Special About Information Technology? The Ethics of Digital Copying The DMCA pretty much makes any/all digital copying illegal. In the following scenarios, discuss the ethics of making/taking a digital copy. You download music to sample, and if you like it, you buy a legal copy otherwise you delete it. You get on thepiratebay.se and download videos you want to watch the are not available anywhere else. You get on thepiratebay.se and download videos you want to watch for free although they are available through NexFlix for a small fee. You download pdfs of textbooks you need for class but cant afford. You make a digital copy of a movie you purchased so you can protect your original DVD from getting damaged You loan your DVD to your friend...You give your friend a digital copy...you sell your original DVD in a yard sale You get on thepiratebay.se and download digital copies of all the movies you have ever purchased Reading Review Unique Ethical Problems in Information Technology Level One - We should study computer ethics because doing so will make us behave like responsible professionals. Level Two - We should study computer ethics because doing so will teach us how to avoid computer abuse and catastrophes. Level Three - We should study computer ethics because the advance of computing technology will continue to create temporary policy vacuums. Level Four - We should study computer ethics because the use of computing permanently transforms certain ethical issues to the degree that their alterations require independent study. Level Five - We should study computer ethics because the use of computing technology creates, and will continue to create, novel ethical issues that require special study. Level Six - We should study computer ethics because the set of novel and transformed issues is large enough and coherent enough to define a new field. Reading Review Unique Ethical Problems in Information Technology Level One - We should study computer ethics because doing so will make us behave like responsible professionals. Level Two - We should study computer ethics because doing so will teach us how to avoid computer abuse and catastrophes. Level Three - We should study computer ethics because the advance of computing technology will continue to create temporary policy vacuums. Level Four - We should study computer ethics because the use of computing permanently transforms certain ethical issues to the degree that their alterations require independent study. Level Five - We should study computer ethics because the use of computing technology creates, and will continue to create, novel ethical issues that require special study. Level Six - We should study computer ethics because the set of novel and transformed issues is large enough and coherent enough to define a new field. X moral indoctrination Reading Review Unique Ethical Problems in Information Technology Level One - We should study computer ethics because doing so will make us behave like responsible professionals. Level Two - We should study computer ethics because doing so will teach us how to avoid computer abuse and catastrophes. Level Three - We should study computer ethics because the advance of computing technology will continue to create temporary policy vacuums. Level Four - We should study computer ethics because the use of computing permanently transforms certain ethical issues to the degree that their alterations require independent study. Level Five - We should study computer ethics because the use of computing technology creates, and will continue to create, novel ethical issues that require special study. Level Six - We should study computer ethics because the set of novel and transformed issues is large enough and coherent enough to define a new field. X X only indicates what not to do, some bad results are unintended, purposive bad actions are not enlightening Reading Review Unique Ethical Problems in Information Technology Level One - We should study computer ethics because doing so will make us behave like responsible professionals. Level Two - We should study computer ethics because doing so will teach us how to avoid computer abuse and catastrophes. Level Three - We should study computer ethics because the advance of computing technology will continue to create temporary policy vacuums. Level Four - We should study computer ethics because the use of computing permanently transforms certain ethical issues to the degree that their alterations require independent study. Level Five - We should study computer ethics because the use of computing technology creates, and will continue to create, novel ethical issues that require special study. Level Six - We should study computer ethics because the set of novel and transformed issues is large enough and coherent enough to define a new field. X X ok, but...if policy vacuums are temporary there is not core subject to study, sometimes new policies create problems Reading Review Unique Ethical Problems in Information Technology Level One - We should study computer ethics because doing so will make us behave like responsible professionals. Level Two - We should study computer ethics because doing so will teach us how to avoid computer abuse and catastrophes. Level Three - We should study computer ethics because the advance of computing technology will continue to create temporary policy vacuums. Level Four - We should study computer ethics because the use of computing permanently transforms certain ethical issues to the degree that their alterations require independent study. Level Five - We should study computer ethics because the use of computing technology creates, and will continue to create, novel ethical issues that require special study. Level Six - We should study computer ethics because the set of novel and transformed issues is large enough and coherent enough to define a new field. X X technology changes the question Reading Review Unique Ethical Problems in Information Technology Level One - We should study computer ethics because doing so will make us behave like responsible professionals. Level Two - We should study computer ethics because doing so will teach us how to avoid computer abuse and catastrophes. Level Three - We should study computer ethics because the advance of computing technology will continue to create temporary policy vacuums. Level Four - We should study computer ethics because the use of computing permanently transforms certain ethical issues to the degree that their alterations require independent study. Level Five - We should study computer ethics because the use of computing technology creates, and will continue to create, novel ethical issues that require special study. Level Six - We should study computer ethics because the set of novel and transformed issues is large enough and coherent enough to define a new field. X X Reading Review Unique Ethical Problems in Information Technology Level One - We should study computer ethics because doing so will make us behave like responsible professionals. Level Two - We should study computer ethics because doing so will teach us how to avoid computer abuse and catastrophes. Level Three - We should study computer ethics because the advance of computing technology will continue to create temporary policy vacuums. Level Four - We should study computer ethics because the use of computing permanently transforms certain ethical issues to the degree that their alterations require independent study. Level Five - We should study computer ethics because the use of computing technology creates, and will continue to create, novel ethical issues that require special study. Level Six - We should study computer ethics because the set of novel and transformed issues is large enough and coherent enough to define a new field. X X X practically difficult (impossible?) to define a set of core issues Uniquely Stored Uniquely Malleable Uniquely Complex Uniquely Fast Uniquely Cheap Uniquely Cloned Uniquely Discrete Uniquely Coded Examples Supporting Level 5