readiness of criminology graduates 2.ppt

8/16/2019 Readiness of Criminology Graduates 2.ppt

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Readiness of Criminology Graduatesin Taking the

Licensure Examination forCriminologists

University of Negros Occidental-RecoletosBacolod City

Dr. Jasmin L. ParreoDr. Jean !. Pauyon

Dr. "felia Posecion


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Abstract

This research aimed to determine thereadiness of criminology graduates intaking the licensure examination for

criminologist !uantitative researchdesign "as utili#ed using a survey$uestionnaire establishing the

association of the graduates% testscores& and com'aring the test scoresin the various board courses T


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The 'artici'ants of the study "ere thegraduates of University of NegrosOccidental- Recoletos( College of

Criminal )ustice *ducation "ho "erere$uired to take the +mock board,examination on courses in Criminal a"and )uris'rudence( a" *nforcement

and Administration( Criminalistics(Crime .etection and /nvestigation(0ociology of Crimes( and *thics andCorrectional Administration


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The instrument "hich "as used togather the data have been validated byteachers "ho "ere teaching the

sub1ects( and "as re-tested to establishits reliability Based on the result of the study( the

level of readiness of the Criminology

graduates in the various 'rofessionalcourses s'eci2cally on Criminal a" 3 )uris'rudence is lo"


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The result also sho"ed that there issigni2cant di4erence in the readinessof the criminology graduates "hen

dichotomi#ed to gender s'eci2cally inthe a" *nforcement 3 Administrationcourse( "here the males mean score is5676 inter'reted as o"( and thefemales obtained 7879 mean scoreinter'reted as moderate


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0igni2cant di4erence in the readiness of theCriminology graduates in the various areas is

Low( "hile their scores in the board coursesnamely Crime .etection( /nvestigation and:revention Criminal 0ociology( *thics and;uman Relations and CorrectionalAdministration is ModerateRecommendations "ere dra"n out fromconclusion of the study

#ey$ords% Readiness to licensureexamination, criminology graduates, maleand female, Criminology board courses.


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/t is rational to believe that a ne" or recentcriminology graduate of an autonomous

institution like the University of NegrosOccidental < Recoletos should be able to'erform the basic 'rocedures in la"enforcement( correctional administration(

and 1ail management re$uired for the'ractice of general 'olicing ;o"ever( inreality many recent graduates failed to 'assthe licensure examination for criminologists

due to various factors es'ecially in terms ofreadiness /ndividuals "ho "ere unsuccessfulin 'assing the licensure examinations "erenot necessarily at the bottom of their

graduating class


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Often( "eaker students 'ass theseexaminations on their initial attem't(

"hile students in the to' 5=> $uarterof the same class might take multi'leattem'ts to 'ass ?actors such as

foundation of kno"ledge( 're'arationof oneself( evaluation of one%s ca'acity(organi#ational attributes( familiarity"ith or kno"ledge of the testing

format( and the ability to functionunder stress contribute to the outcomeof such an examination


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Ali( et al @597 assumed thatchildren%s learning outcome andeducational 'erformance are stronglya4ected by the standard and ty'e ofeducational institution in "hichstudents obtained their education The

educational environment of the schoolattended sets the 'arameters ofstudents% learning outcomes Considineand a''ala @55 sho"ed that

schools environment and teachersex'ectations from their students alsohave strong inDuence on student'erformance


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Eost of the teachers "orking in 'oor

schools or schools that are de2cient inbasic facilities often have lo"'erformance ex'ectations from theirstudents Fhen students kno" thattheir teachers have lo" 'erformanceex'ectations from them( this result to'oor 'erformance by the students


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One of the crucial factors in the

evaluation of $uanti2able 'erformanceis measurement( "hich is de2ned asthe systematic assignment ofnumerical values As :rofessional

Regulation Commission @:RC stated intheir grading criteria( the sub1ectivitybrought out through 'ersonal 1udgment

has been re'laced( to some degree( byob1ective measurement


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The 'ur'ose of this study is to determine thereadiness of the criminology graduatesthrough the use of the mock boardexamination results Fhile the mock board isonly 'art of the techni$ue in the 're'aration(it is nonetheless integral to the evaluation

and $uali2cation of its candidates for theicensure *xamination for Criminologists:racticing( recalling( and memori#ingtheories and 'ractice "ithin a format similar

to that of an actual examination could have a'ositive inDuence on their readiness


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&tatement of the Pro'lem This research investigation aimed to determine the

Readiness of Criminology Graduates in taking theicensure *xamination for Criminologists

0'eci2cally( this research undertaking aimed toans"er the follo"ing

$uestionsH 9 Fhat is the level of readiness of the Criminologygraduates in the follo"ing 'rofessional coursesHCriminal a" and )uris'rudence& a" *nforcement and

Administration& Criminalistics& Crime .etection and/nvestigation& 0ociology of Crimes and *thics&Correctional AdministrationJ


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5 /s there a signi2cant di4erence in the

readiness of the Criminology graduatesif they are dichotomi#ed as male orfemale graduatesJ

7 /s there a signi2cant di4erence in thereadiness of the Criminology graduates

bet"een and among the di4erent areasin the board courses in Criminal )ustice*ducationJ


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(y)otheses

The follo"ing hy'otheses "ere formulatedH

9 There is no signi2cant di4erence in thereadiness of the Criminology graduatesbet"een and among the di4erent areas in theboard courses in Criminal )ustice *ducationJ

5 There is no signi2cant di4erence in thereadiness of the Criminology graduates "henthey are grou'ed according to gender andschoolsJ


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Theoretical background

This study is anchored on the theory ofearning Readiness "hich evolved throughthe study of ?euersteinKs methods This formalstatement of the theory comes at the

conclusion of a 'rofessional career devoted tothe search for an ans"er to the $uestion(LFhy do so many students have such hardtime learningJ, The theory of earningReadiness 'resented here has been tested for

Lgoodness of 2tL "ith ?euersteinKs 'rogramsas "ell as "ith the literature of educational'edagogy @Food( E( @966M( revised 5


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Based on :rofessor ?euerstein%s vie"s onho" 'eo'le learn( learning readiness isbased on four characteristics that astudent should 'ossess in order to learne4ectively from classroom instructionH9The .is'osition for earning& 5Ade$uate Cognitive functioning& 7Ade$uate no"ledge Base for the

Content Being :resented& and 8 Ade$uate 0tudy 0kills and 0trategies


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*ven "hen these four characteristics

are accessible( ho"ever( learning is notlikely to take 'lace unlesscircumstances in "hich the individual

2nds himselfherself make it 'ossiblefor the individual to a''ly them @TheseLcircumstancesL could be 'ersonalsituations( geogra'hic location(

curriculum o4erings( $uality ofinstruction( etc


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The com'lete act of teaching involvesmore than the 'resentation anddevelo'ment of lesson material Before

the teacher embarks on a fresh stage ofinstruction( the teacher must bereasonably clear about t"o thingsH @9the ca'abilities( achievements(

strengths and "eaknesses( background(and interests of his learners& and @5 theshort-term and long-term goals


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These are done "ith the formative and summativeevaluation 'rocedures "hich are em'loyed Thedecision to take the licensure examination can be

very challenging for the graduating students to thinkabout and for the school administration toantici'ate( considering that the survival of its'rogram is very much de'endent on the'erformance of its graduates in the licensureexamination for Criminologists

One of the essential schemes that the academicsu'ervisor should attend to should be thedevelo'ment of the students% con2dence to take the

licensure examination This can be strengthened by'roviding 'roactive strategies to enhance theReadiness of students in various "ays like 're'aringa list of revie" to'ics and resource materials forstudents to read and be familiar on their revie" 'er

se


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ike"ise( ade$uate study skills( likecognitive functions can( and should( be

ac$uired as a result of maturingacademically ;o"ever( if this is not thecase( it may be necessary to 'rovidefocused instruction in study skills@0uch instruction should includemediation of many of the a4ectiveskills that make u' a dis'osition for

learning ?ortunately( there are manygood courses and abundant readingmaterials that address this need


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Eoreover( Bon"ell and *ison summari#edthe literature on active learning and concludethat it leads to better student attitudes andim'rovements in students% thinking and"riting They also cite evidence fromEceachie that discussion( one form of activelearning( sur'asses traditional lectures for

retention of material( motivating students forfurther study and develo'ing thinking skills?elder et al @as cited by :rince( E @58(include active learning on theirrecommendations for teaching methods that

"ork( noting among other things that activelearning is one of Chickering and Gamson%s+0even :rinci'les for Good :ractice,


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Ali( et al @597 'osits that students% academic gainand learning 'erformance is a4ected by numerous

factor including gender( age( teaching faculty(students schooling( fatherguardian social economicstatus( residential area of students( medium ofinstructions in schools( tuition trend( daily study hourand accommodation Eany researchers conducted

detailed studies about the factors contributingstudent 'erformance at di4erent study levels Graet#@597 suggested that +A student educationalsuccess contingent heavily on social status ofstudent%s 'arents guardians in the society Ali

@597 noticed the same that 'arent%s income orsocial status 'ositively a4ects the student test scorein examination


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:edrosa @5M a''roved that'erformance of the students is also

inDuenced by the school in "hich theystudied but he also said that thenumber of facilities a school o4ersusually determine the $uality of theschool( "hich in turn a4ect the'erformance and accom'lishment of itsstudents ;e also argues that schools

inDuence educational 'rocess incontent organi#ation( teacher andteaching learning and in the endevaluation of the all


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0ince the College attem'ts tointensively 're'are its graduates to

take the licensure examination asCriminologists( all graduating studentshave to undergo revalida examinationin the follo"ing 'rofessional coursesHCriminal a" and )uris'rudence( a"*nforcement and administration(Criminalistics( Crime .etection and

/nvestigation( 0ociology of Crimes and*thics( and CorrectionalAdministration


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The foregoing conce'ts and studies onlearning readiness and teachingstrategies has 'rovided clear

understanding to the researchers on"hat they are going to 're'are inconducting this research in order to

im'rove and enhance the 'erformanceof the Criminology graduates in thelicensure examination


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Criminology

0tudents

Eale

?emale

Readiness

Criminal a" and )uris'rudence

a" *nforcement Administration

CriminalisticsCrime .etection and /nvestigation

0ociology of Crimes and *thics

Correctional Administration

Figure 1 0chematic diagram


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&co)e of the &tudy

This research investigation aimed to determine

the readiness of criminology graduates in Universityof Negros Occidental-Recoletos in taking thelicensure examination for criminologist in thefollo"ing 'rofessional coursesH Criminal a" and

)uris'rudence( a" *nforcement and Administration(Criminalistics( Crime .etection and /nvestigation(0ociology of Crimes and *thics( and CorrectionalAdministration

The 'artici'ants of the study "ere the graduatestudents revie"ing in the revie" center of UNO-Recoletos( College of Criminal )ustice *ducationBatch 595 < 597


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*ethods

!uantitative research design "asused in this research "ork( adescri'tive study establishing the

association of the graduates% testscores "ith the variable gender amongthe graduates& and com'aring the test

scores in the various board courses


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Res)ondents

The 'artici'ants of the study "erethe graduates of University of NegrosOccidentalPRecoletos( College ofCriminal )ustice *ducation revie"ing in

the revie" center of UNO-R "ho "erere$uired to take the +mock board,examination on Courses in Criminala" and )uris'rudence( a"

*nforcement and Administration(Criminalistics( Crime .etection and/nvestigation( 0ociology of Crimes and*thics and Correctional Administration


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*easures

The instrument "hich "as used togather the data "as a research$uestionnaire "hich com'osed of a set

of examination $uestions "hich havebeen validated by teachers "ho "ereteaching the sub1ects( and re-tested to

establish its reliability


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Procedures

/n gathering the desired information(the researchers sent a letter to theUniversity Administrators of the

University of Negros OccidentalPRecoletos for 'ermission to conduct thestudy U'on the a''roval of the studyby the Qice-:resident for Academics(

the researchers then conducted thesurvey using the researchers% made$uestionnaire


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Data+,nalyses

The results of the students% scores in the mock-

board "ere statistically analy#ed "ith the use of0:00 ?or the level of readiness of the Criminologygraduates in the di4erent 'rofessional courses( the

mean "as used& to determine "hether or not thereis a signi2cant di4erence in the readiness of theCriminology graduates if they are dichotomi#ed asmale or female graduates( "hether or not there is a

signi2cant di4erence in the readiness of theCriminology graduates in the di4erent areascoursesin the board examination in Criminal )ustice*ducation( the eveneKs Test for *$uality of Qariances"as used


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-umerical

&cale

nter)retati/e

Descri)tion

01 2 344 ;igh

56 2 00 Eoderate

4 + 55 o"

This is the tabular inter'retation of thenumerical scale for the scoresH


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Results

738 The le/el of readiness of the Criminologygraduates in the /arious )rofessional courses isre9ected in the matrix that follo$s%

The level of readiness of the Criminology graduates in thevarious 'rofessional courses s'eci2cally on Criminal a" 3 )uris'rudence is lo" @mean5S5(0.765M( on a"

*nforcement 3 Administration sub1ect the mean score "asinter'reted as lo" @E799( 0.99=96( on Criminalisticsthe readiness is lo" @E9( 0.9SSS5( Crime .etection(/nvestigation and :revention the mean score "as inter'retedas moderate @E8579( 0.59=59 ;o"ever( Criminal0ociology( *thics and ;uman Relations( readiness of the

graduates "as moderate @E7S9=(0.59S( and onCorrectional Administration a mean score "as inter'retedmoderate @E7=S8( 0.555M Therefore over < all level ofreadiness of the graduates "as moderate @E77M7(0.S5==9


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7:8 &igni;cant di


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On the other hand( in terms of Criminalisticsmale grou' had a mean score of 5==9inter'reted as lo" "hile female grou' got amean score of 7MS= inter'reted as

moderate ;o"ever( in CorrectionalAdministration the male grou' had lessermean score of 78= com'ared to the femalegrou' "hich obtained a mean score of 8557inter'reted as moderate This may im'ly thatfemale students have a more 'ositiveto"ards study and test taking skills than theirmale counter'arts


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@58 &igni;cant di


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Conclusions

Based on the results of the graduates%

scores in the di4erent areas of the boardcourses( belo" are the conclusions generated

The readiness of graduates to the licensureexamination is only moderate( bordering even

to the lo"er limit of the class interval& "hich issu''orted by the 'assing 'ercentage of theCollege( "hich( although higher than thenational 'assing 'ercentage( still needs muchintervention to im'rove ma1ority of thegraduates% 'erformance


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The study and test taking skills of femalestudents are better than those of the malegraduates as 'ro1ected by the signi2cantdi4erence in their exam results .iculty or

Coverage of the various board coursesmaybe on di4erent levels "hich may haveinDuenced graduates% 'erformance To begiven im'ortance though( is the lo" and

moderate 'erformance "here graduates%correct ans"ers "ere even lo"er than => ofthe total number of items


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The results may further im'ly that graduatesmay have the tendency to be more likely toem'loy surface learning a''roaches in thereadiness examination context and to

'erceive the $uestion items as assessingkno"ledge-based @lo"er levels ofintellectual 'rocessing& "here the use of themulti'le items may be taken for granted( and

"as not associated "ith the em'loyment ofdee' learning strategies


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/n contrast( graduates are more likely toem'loy dee' learning a''roaches "hen

're'aring their assignment essays "hichthey 'erceived as assessing higher levels ofcognitive 'rocessing because 'oorer'erformance in the assignment essays "as

associated "ith the em'loyment of surfacestrategies These can also be seen in thede'th of $uestion items "hich "ere 'rovidedfor the various board course 'rovided for the

CC)* graduates& and the level ofunderstanding of the graduates of the testitems


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Recommendations

Based on the results of the researchinvestigation( the follo"ingrecommendations are 'ro'osed for theCollegeH

9 .evised and enhance teaching strategies toim'rove and motivates students studyhabits

5 The test items of various board courses

should be sub1ected to item analysis(reexamining( and im'rovement es'ecially inits ob1ectivity to measure readiness in theboard courses&


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7 There is a need to conduct formative evaluation ofstudents in all 'rofessional courses( s'eci2cally anon-going evaluation of the students and instructionconducted all throughout the course&

8 The overall goal of instruction( lesson ob1ectives andthe content to the 'erformance by the students andthe ob1ectives of each course to the testing strategyshould be com'ared&

= The $uestion items should be revie"ed in such a

"ay that the Cognitive& :sychomotor and thea4ective com'onent of learning are given e$ualtreatment in the construction of examination$uestion


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M :erformance a''raisals should be continuously andregularly done since these are valuable'erformance management tool to evaluate the

'erformance and value students out'ut This "illlike"ise set goals for the next revie" 'eriod

The College has to im'lement General :olicies onthe Conduct of the +Eock Board, *xamination anddesign an enrichment 'rogram to 're'aregraduates for the icensure *xamination

S The intervention scheme for the conduct of theCom'rehensive *xamination *valuation for thesecond and third year students should beintensi2ed so that 're'aration for the board exam"ill be started in the lo"er year


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references

Ali( 0houkat( et al "Factors Contributing to theStudents !cademic erformanceH A Case 0tudy of/slamia University 0ub-Cam'usL !merican #ournal of$ducational Research 9S @597H 5S7-5S6

:edrosa( et al @5M $ducational and social economicbac%ground of graduates and academic &erformance'conse(uences for a)rmati*e action &rograms at a

+railian research uni*ersity Retrieved on0e'tember 6(

5


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:rince( E @58 -oes !cti*e Learning or%/ ! Re*iew of the Research )ournal of

*ngineering *ducation( Qol 67 /ssue

Food( E @966M Model for Systemic

0m&lementation of Feuersteins 0nstrumental $nrichment ?orest :ark( Georgia( U0A

@ htt'H"""merlotorgmerlotmaterialshtm&retrieved )anuary 99( 59M

readiness of criminology graduates 2.ppt

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