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1

Status of the transition from analogue to digital within the

relevant ITU regulator procedures and Regional Agreements

ITU-D Regional Development Forum for the Arab Region: “Access to spectrum, including broadcasting

services – trends and technologies”

(Tunis, 1-3 June 2009)

David BothaBR/TSD/BCD

BR/TSD

Transition from analogue to digital BS

Overview

•LF/MF

•HFBC

•Band II

•Bands III, IV/V

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BR/TSD


LF/MF

BR/TSD


GE75 Plan

Regions 1 and 3

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BR/TSD


Introduction of Digital transmission

� Rule of Procedure (RRB)

�Transmission systems DRM A2 and B2

�Radiation reduced by at least 7 dB in all directions w.r.t analogue assignment

�Temporary measure until the decision from a competent conference

BR/TSD


Digital systems

� Most common system DRM standard

� COFDM scheme, 4.5 kHz, 5 kHz, 9kHz, 10 kHz, 18 kHz and 20 kHz bandwidths

� ITU-R Rec. BS.1514 - system description

� ITU-R Rec. BS.1615 – Planning parameters

� ETSI ES 201 980

� MPEG 4 HE AAC v2

� SFN operation possible

4

BR/TSD


Current usage

12 92611 575

DigitalAnaloguePlan

MIFR

BR/TSD


Implementation aspects

� Difficulty to submit digital assignments – planning criteria not available for digital

� Notify digital systems as analogue systems - MIFR

� Problematic to introduce new digital assignments in some congested areas

� Main introduction method is conversion from analogue to digital

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BR/TSD


HFBC (Art. 12)

BR/TSD


Introduction of digital HFBC

� 12.7 § 6 ..Other modulation techniques recommended by ITU-R shall be permitted in place of double-sideband or single-sideband emissions, provided that the level of interference caused to existing emissions is not increased.

� Res. 517 (Rev.WRC-03)

� Introduction of digital modulation schemes 5 900 –26 100 kHz

�Entry into force July 2003

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BR/TSD


Introduction of digital HFBC

� Res. 543 (WRC-03)�Provisional RF protection ratio values -

analogue and digitally modulated emissions in HFBC

�Entry into force 5 July 2003

BR/TSD


Current usage

� First digital requirements received in 2003

� SFN operation is a technical challenge

� Number of requirements make introduction of new digital requirements difficult

6 4085 230Total requirements

102100Digital requirements

A09A08

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BR/TSD


Band II

BR/TSD


Region 1 & Part of Region 3

GE84 Planning Area

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BR/TSD


Introduction of digital transmissions

� Chapter 3 to Annex 2:

Section 3.1:

�Use of systems with different characteristics (e.g. digital modulation)

� Does not cause greater interference

� Nor require higher protection

� than reference system in the Plan

BR/TSD


Current usage

� As on May 2009:

� Bands congested in many parts of Planning Area

18 014

Notified (Art. 5)

066 796

DigitalPlan

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BR/TSD


Implementation aspects

� Problematic to introduce new digital assignments in congested bands

� Consider different introduction strategies:

�Band segmentation

�Digital switch-over

�Conversion from analogue to digital

�Relaxed planning parameters (unofficial)

BR/TSD


Possible candidate digital systems*(1)

� DRM+ :

� DRM extension to 120 MHz (Bands I and II)

� Uses MPEG4 HE AAC+ - maximum data rate 180 kbit/s

� COFDM signal with guard interval – SFN possible

� Fits into GE84 channel rasters

� Bandwidth < 100 kHz

� HD-Radio :

� Uses original FM signal with COFDM blocks added to edges

� Requires 400 kHz – incompatible with GE84 rasters

� Allows analogue and digital simulcast or only digital

*Source PT FM45

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BR/TSD


Possible candidate digital systems*(2)

� FMeXtra :

� Incorporates digital signal into FM multiplex signal

� Base band signal:- FM stereo, RDS and digital multi-carrier parts - modulated onto RF FM carrier

� Maximum data rate of 50 kbit/s

� Fits into GE84 rasters

� SFN operation is not possible

� Trial systems operational in several countries in Region 1

*Source PT FM45

BR/TSD


Bands III, IV/V

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BR/TSD


Transition period (1)

� The Transition period started on 17 June 2006 at 0001 hours UTC:

�assignments in the analogue Plan (as specified in § 3.1.2 of Article 3) shall be protected

� The Transition period shall end :

�on 17 June 2015 at 0001 hours UTC (for UHF bands in all countries; for VHF in all countries except those that opted for 17 June 2020)

�on 17 June 2020 at 0001 hours UTC for the some countries (listed in GE06 Agreement)

BR/TSD



� Art 12 of GE06 Agreement

� After the end of the transition period the BR will:

�Cancel analogue TV entries in the Plan

�Cancel provisions in § 4.1 of Art 4 to modify the analogue TV Plan

�Cancel remarks of digital broadcasting entries with respect to analogue TV

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BR/TSD



� BR will review assignments in MIFR that correspond to analogue TV

� Invite administrations to cancel these entries

� If required analogue TV can continue to operate:

� Exist a corresponding assignment in Plan

� Already brought in use prior to end date of transition

� Shall not cause unacceptable interference to, nor

� Claim protection from assignments operating within provisions of the Agreement

BR/TSD


Current usage

� As on May 2009:

Bands IV/VBand III

GE06D

9058

Sound

57 4776 750

TVTV

Bands IV/VBand III

MIFR

20

Sound

6110

TVTV

Digital Broadcasting

13

BR/TSD


Current usage

� As on May 2009:

Bands IV/VBand III

GE06A

76 66118 530

Bands IV/VBand III

MIFR

50 27713 019

Analogue Television

BR/TSD


Codecs and standards

•Application of MPEG-4/AVC/H.264 (May 2003 / March 2005)

•Improvement in compression (expected double efficiency of MPEG-2)

•Mostly used for commercial broadcasting

•Public broadcasting remains MPEG-2

•Administrations only starting with digital broadcas ting –use MPEG-4/AVC/H.264 for all services

Television broadcasting

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BR/TSD


•DVB-T2 standard ratified on 30 June 2008

•30% – 45% increased data capacity without more powerful transmitters

•Several administrations already plan for HDTV deliv ery using DVB-T2

•May be accommodated in GE06 (prov. 5.1.3):•Ensure same level of protection as Plan entry•Maintain coverage area•Select suitable system variant for reception mode



BR/TSD


•Introduction of HDTV:

•Operational terrestrial broadcasts in 2006

•Required 10 – 20 Mbit/s ��

•1 – 2 programmes per multiplex for fixed reception•1 programme per multiplex for portable reception

•Used 1080i/25 at constant bit rate

•In 2008 broadcasts using 720p/50 at 13 Mbit/s

•1080p/50 recommended for future use



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BR/TSD


•Introduction of HDTV (continued):

•Combination of DVB-T2 and MPEG-4/AVC/H.264 could result in 100% - 160% increase in data rate

•Resulting in :•3 – 4 programmes per multiplex for fixed reception•2 programmes per multiplex for portable reception

•T-DMB and DVB-H for mobile and portable reception•Some trial and operational networks



BR/TSD


Introduction of T-DAB+:

•Uses AAC+/MP4/HE-AAC v2;

•Up to 3 times as many programmes per multiplex as T-DAB MPEG Audio Layer II;

•40 kbit/s with HE-AAC v2 ≈ 128 kbit/s with MPEG Audio Layer II;

•Several networks operational;

•Receivers readily available (non-AAC capable receiv ers cannot decode T-DAB+).


Sound Broadcasting

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BR/TSD


Regulatory Implementation Aspects

� Different transition schedules may hamper introduction of digital broadcasting

� Plan entries may not be suitable for immediate implementation in all cases (Plan modification procedure required)

� Plan remarks may restrict certain implementations

� Implementations under 5.1.3 imposes restrictions

� WRC-07 allocation to MS in 790-862 MHz (JTG 5-6) – impact on Plan entries

BR/TSD


Practical Implementation Aspects

� Communicate reception antenna changes for fixed television reception –call centres, websites

� Choice of coding technique – launch date of digital broadcasting

� Communicate general information and dates of analogue TV switch-off

� Choice on HDTV and number of programmes

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BR/TSD


Thank you

[email protected]

+22 41 22 730 5548

rdf09 arb presentation dbotha 4 - itu€¦ · sound 6 750 57 477 tv tv band iii bands iv/v mifr 20...

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