Raven

Eagle

By: Megan Daniels

► Lived on Haida Gwaii, Lived on Haida Gwaii, now known as the now known as the Queen Charlotte Queen Charlotte Islands, off the Islands, off the northern coast of northern coast of British Columbia.British Columbia.

► Haida inhabited Haida Haida inhabited Haida Gwaii until the end of Gwaii until the end of the last ice age.the last ice age.

► One of the oldest One of the oldest populations in the populations in the New World.New World. Haida

Gwaii

► First traces of the First traces of the Haida were roughly Haida were roughly flaked stone tools.flaked stone tools.

► The Haida primarily The Haida primarily hunted and fished hunted and fished and harvested and harvested shellfish. shellfish.

► The Haida culture was The Haida culture was divided into two social divided into two social groups, or moieties, groups, or moieties, called Raven and called Raven and Eagle.Eagle.

► Marriages took place Marriages took place between a Raven and between a Raven and an Eagle.an Eagle.

► To determine which To determine which moiety you would be in moiety you would be in depended on which depended on which your mother was.your mother was.

► Each moiety was Each moiety was divided into 22-23 divided into 22-23 lineages, or lineages, or families.families.

► It is very important It is very important to the owner’s to the owner’s status and status and association with association with designs.designs.

► Believed in medicine Believed in medicine people, who gained people, who gained powers from powers from supernatural beings.supernatural beings.

► They would receive They would receive “powers” from the “powers” from the sun, moon, or the sun, moon, or the tundra's.tundra's.

►Dress in a dancing Dress in a dancing blanket, and help blanket, and help cure people who cure people who were sick.were sick.

►When the time When the time came parents would came parents would look for a mate for look for a mate for their child.their child.

►Had to be someone Had to be someone from outside their from outside their village, and of equal village, and of equal rank.rank.

►Gifts would be Gifts would be exchanges between exchanges between the two families.the two families.

►Held by the father of a Held by the father of a girl who has become a girl who has become a special age.special age.

►He’d host a great He’d host a great feast and invite many feast and invite many people, like family, but people, like family, but mainly unmarried mainly unmarried men.men.

►He’d save for this for a He’d save for this for a long time. At the end long time. At the end of the feast he would of the feast he would distribute his savings.distribute his savings.

► Carved and Carved and decorated masks.decorated masks.

►Masks were used for Masks were used for ceremonies.ceremonies.

► Usually held in Usually held in winter because winter because there was little to there was little to do.do.

► Last as long as a Last as long as a month month

SummerSummer► Usually went barefootUsually went barefoot► Stayed in and wore Stayed in and wore

nothing except broad nothing except broad brim hats to protect brim hats to protect eyes from suneyes from sun

WinterWinter► Leather moccasinsLeather moccasins► Seal or deerskin Seal or deerskin

leggingsleggings

►Wore skirts, tunics, Wore skirts, tunics, or sarongs made or sarongs made from deer skin, or from deer skin, or the soft inner bark of the soft inner bark of the the cedar tree.cedar tree.

► Wore mask-like Wore mask-like headdresses headdresses for special occasions.for special occasions.

► They wore They wore headpieces were headpieces were carved from wood carved from wood and were decorated.and were decorated.

► Wore highly Wore highly expensive chilkat expensive chilkat blankets. blankets.

► They either walked They either walked or went by canoeor went by canoe

► Canoes were made Canoes were made of cedar trees.of cedar trees.

► Outside was Outside was blackened by blackened by charring and oiling.charring and oiling.

► Large canoes held Large canoes held 30 people, and small 30 people, and small canoes were used to canoes were used to hunt and fish.hunt and fish.

►Houses made out of Houses made out of cedar and spruce cedar and spruce trees and used all trees and used all parts of the tree. 8 parts of the tree. 8 m high, 9-12 m m high, 9-12 m wide, and 45 m longwide, and 45 m long

►Hold around several Hold around several hundred people.hundred people.

► Fire pit in the middle Fire pit in the middle and all slept around and all slept around in on a platform. in on a platform.

► They had a political They had a political structure included structure included commoners, slaves, commoners, slaves, and nobles .and nobles .

► Nobles could hunt, Nobles could hunt, commoners could commoners could hunt at a price, hunt at a price, slaves had no rights.slaves had no rights.

► Social rank was very Social rank was very important.important.

► The Haida language is The Haida language is part of the Na-Dene part of the Na-Dene family, no close relation family, no close relation to any other language.to any other language.

► English      HaidaEnglish      HaidaOne         SgwáansangOne         SgwáansangTwo           SdángTwo           SdángThree        HlgúnahlThree        HlgúnahlFour         StánsangFour         StánsangFive          TléihlFive          TléihlMan          ÍihlangaaMan          ÍihlangaaWoman        Jáadaa Woman        Jáadaa

► CivilizationCivilization► ToolsTools► CultureCulture► PicturePicture► PicturePicture► PicturePicture► ReligionReligion► ReligionReligion► PicturePicture► PicturePicture

► PicturePicture► PicturePicture► PicturePicture► PicturePicture►Housing and TravelHousing and Travel► PicturePicture► PicturePicture► LanguageLanguage► PicturePicture