rationale and development science history of public administration
TRANSCRIPT
RATIONALE AND DEVELOPMENT SCIENCE
HISTORY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Woodrow Wilson(1886)
Through his first work entitled "The study of administration,
was a milestone in the development of early ideas of
public administration".
Thought Wilson was born due to an error in politics in the country due to political
intervention at all administrative bodies.
The separation between politics and administration (dichotomy between
Politics and Administration)
Wilson advocated four concepts:
1. Separation of politics and administration 2. Comparative analysis of political and
private organizations 3. Improving efficiency with business-like
practices and attitudes toward daily operations
4. Improving the effectiveness of public service through management and by training civil servants, merit-based assessment
Frederick Winslow Taylor (1912)
Appears because productivity needs Focus on study time for each job Learn the best and fastest method to
do the job Differential payment system
Principles of Scientific Management
Developing Science (Scientific Working Method)
Scientific Recruitment & Training
Workers supervision Scientifically
harmonization Relationship
Marx Weber (1922)
From Bureaucracy to Administration
Ideal bureaucracy is on the staff of the ideal bureaucracy
Construction ideal bureaucracy found in his Politics as a Vacation (1918) in his speech at the University of Munich
Starting with the concept of "state" (state), Weber looked at the state of facilities / equipment owned and not of "purpose" of his
1. Devision of labour to work2. The principle of herarkhi within the organization3. System of rule or code4. The ideal employee is an employee who works
on the spirit of formalistic impersonality or sine era et studio
5. The existence of a career system in work
Weber's Ideal Bureaucracy
Luther Halsey Gulick (POSDCORB) (1937)
In order to encourage and institutions respond to emergencies at hand
Famous with Acronym POSDCORB
Planning (Perencanaan): Development in outline activities to be undertaken and the methods of implementation of the work to achieve the objectives set for the company.
Organizing (Pengorganisasian): Preparation of a formal authority structure based sub-section - subsection jobs created and coordinated to achieve the intended purpose.
Staffing (Penyusunan Tenaga Kerja): Staffing function entirely on revenue and employee training and maintenance of working conditions are favorable.
Directing (Pembimbing/Mengarahkan): The task of leading the company on an ongoing basis through decisions and make it happen in the commands and instructions general and specific.
Coordinating (Koordinasi): The task of connecting the various parts work is important.
Reporting (Pelaporan): Job informing people about the state of the job supervisor through the records and reports.
Budgeting (Penganggaran): The tasks of planning, accounting, and financial control.
Herbert Alexander Simon (1948)
Bounded Rationality for Decision Making
Theories of Bounded rationality is Theories that in corporate
constrains on the information – processing capacities of the actor
Bounded Rationality in Design
Classical Decision Theory has been concerned with choice
among given alternatives. Design is concerned with the discovery and elaboration of
alternatives.
George H Frederickson (1950an – 1970an)
New Public Administration
OPA NPA
OPA:1. focus has been on
top-level management or
2. the basic auxiliary staff services (budgeting, organization and management, systems analysis, planning, personnel, purchasing).
3. The existence aspects of efficiency and Economical
NPA:
Incorporating Social Equity
Does the service enhance social
equity?
NPA believed that social problems can be address more easily by
modifying, developing, or changing institutions to achieve good management, efficiency, economic, and social equity.
4 Basic Processes in Understanding and Improving
Public Administration
The Distributive Process
The Integrative
Process
The Socioemotional
Process
The Boundary-Exchange Process
David Osborne (1980an)
NPM thinking model proposed by David Osborne and Ted Gaebler (1992) the concept of "Reinventing Government" is suggested that meyuntikkan or provide entrepreneurial spirit into the state administration system.
New Public Management (NPM)
10 principles of entrepreneurial government
1. Government catalyst; 2. Government belongs to the people; 3. Government kompetetif; 4. Government is driven by the mission; 5. Results-oriented government; 6. Customer-oriented government; government that
meets the needs of customers not bureaucracy. 7. Entrepreneurial government; 8. anticipatory governance 9. Decentralized government; 10. Market-oriented government.
Denhardt & Denhardt
New Public Service (NPS)
OPA NPM
NPS
Engaging
The important Concept of NPS
1. Serve Citizens, Not Customers2. Seek the Public Interest3. Value Citizenship over Entrepreneurship4. Think Strategically, Act Democratically5. Recognize that Accountability Isn’t
Simple6. Serve Rather than Steer7. Value People, Not Just Productivity