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By: ABHISHEK.K Roll No:359Section: A

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G lobal Warming: The increase in the averagetemperature of Earth's near-surface air and oceans.Ozone Layer: Ozone is a colourless gas which is

produced by the recombination of oxygen under theinfluence of ultra violet radiations from the sun in theupper layers of atmosphere. The part where this formsis called the Ozone Layer.

Ozone layer as a protective Umbrella: It absorbs theUV rays and prevents them from reaching the earth.These rays are very harmful and also plays a crucialrole in the controlling of earths temperature .

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M ost of the sun rays fall in the polar regionthough ozones are mainly formed in the equator regions. This is due to the global air circulation.The depletion of ozone layer has got manyadverse effects. The UV rays can now enter theEarth through Ozone holes and this will increasethe level of UV radiations reaching the earths

surface.Can cause Skin cancer, affects the productivity of the plants, G lobal warming due to increasingCarbon dioxide and even death.

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Use of chemicals called aerosols like Fluoro-Carbons and Chlorofluorocarbons and Nitrousoxide which are depleting it by 14% and 3.5%respectively.They are mainly contained in sprays andrefrigerants. When they get mixed with chlorinegas and react with ozone, it destroys it.Similarly, oxides of sulphur and nitrogen,emissions from nuclear explosions and jetaeroplanes can cause the similar effect .

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G reen House effect: A progressive warming up of the earths surface dueto blanketing effect of Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere. G reen housegases include Carbon dioxide, Water vapours, methane gas, nitrous oxide.

These gases trap the infrared radiations and thus heating the earth.Importance: Earth would be an extremely cold plant and life in this planetwould have been very difficult.Urbanization and Industrialization, increasing population are some of thefactors responsible for these.Rio De Janeiro Conference of 1992 made two conventions.: Conventionon Climate Change which puts an obligatory on every signatory to takeeffective steps to reduce the emission of green house gases and BiologicalDiversity.1997 Earth Summit Plus five at New York pointed out an increase in 2 %further leading to global warming.

Kyoto Protocol which made mandatory cuts in the emission of green housegases.Enactment of Th e Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulating and Control

)Rules, 2000 under The Environment (Protection )Act, 1986.

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