rainwater harvesting dr reddy labs

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Rainwater Harvesting Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar Reddy CEO, GEO , http://e-geo.org Dr. Reddy Labs Miyapur, Hyderabad 5 th January 2013

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Presentation made at Dr. Reddy Labs, Miyapur, Hyderabad on 25th January 2013

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Page 1: Rainwater harvesting Dr Reddy labs

Rainwater Harvesting

Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar ReddyCEO, GEO , http://e-geo.orgDr. Reddy Labs Miyapur, Hyderabad 25th

Janu

ary

2013

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.ppt (2)

Condensation

Precipitation

Evaporation

Surface Water

Infiltration

Evapotranspiration

Let’s take a look atThe Water

Cycle

Consumption

Surface Runoff

Groundwater

Sea water intrusion

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• Rainwater harvesting is the accumulating and storing of rainwater for reuse before it reaches the aquifer.

• The principle of collecting and using precipitation from a catchments surface.

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The Barefoot College, Tilonia

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The Barefoot College, Tilonia

POLLUTED WATER

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Every drop counts

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Freshwater management in India

Water Conservation

Watershed management

Water quality conservation

Inter basin water transfer

GW management

Recycle and reuse of water

Public involvement and capacity building

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What Is Rainwater Harvesting?

RWH technology consists of simple systems to collect, convey, and store rainwater. Rainwater capture is accomplished primarily from roof-top, surface runoff, and other surfaces.

RWH either captures stored rainwater for direct use (irrigation, production, washing, drinking water, etc.) or is recharged into the local ground water and is call artificial recharge.

In many cases, RWH systems are used in conjunction with Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR). ASR is the introduction of RWH collected rainwater to the groundwater / aquifer through various structures in excess of what would naturally infiltrate then recovered for use

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Why Rainwater Harvesting?Conserve and supplement existing water resources

Available for capture and storage in most global locations

Potentially provide improved quality of water

Supply water at one of the lowest costs possible for a supplemental supply source.

Capturing and directing storm water (run-off) and beneficially use it

Commitment as a corporate citizen - showcasing environmental concerns

Public Mandate (India)

Replenishing local ground water aquifers where lowering of water tables has occured

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Why Not RWH?Not applicable in all climate conditions over the world

Performance seriously affected by climate fluctuations that sometimes are hard to predict

Increasingly sophisticated RWH systems (ASR) necessarily increases complexities in cost, design, operation, maintenance, size and regulatory permitting

Collected rainwater can be degraded with the inclusion of storm water runoff

Collected water quality might be affected by external factors

Collection systems require monitoring and continuous maintenance and improvement to maintain desired water quality characteristics for water end-use

Certain areas will have high initial capital cost

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Design and Feasibility Criteria

Collection Area

Rainfall

Demand

Primary Use (Direct Use, Artificial Recharge (AR) or Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR))

Storage capacity

Level of Security - risk of the storage tank running dry

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Collection Area and Characteristics

Measure Area Runoff Characteristics

• Roof top 0.75 – 0.95• Paved area 0.50 – 0.85 • Bare ground 0.10 – 0.20 • “Green area” 0.05 – 0.10

Water harvesting potential(m3) = Area (m2) X Rainfall (m) X Collection Efficiency

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Quality Issues

Roofs contain: bird

droppings,

atmospheric dust,

industrial and

urban air pollution

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Operational Procedures and

Design Considerations

Screen to prevent birds, animal and insects;

Lead based paint must not be used on the roof;

Tar based roof coatings and materials should not be

used – Phenolics and other organics can leach from

materials

If roofs painted with acrylic paints, new concrete or metal roofing - first few rainfalls should not be

collected to avoid metals, detergents, and other

chemicals

Clean the gutters and tank every 3 months

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Operational Procedures and Design Considerations

Storage tank – dark materials to exclude

light and algae formation

Corrosion resistant materials

Tank in protected shaded area – lower

temperature

For multiple storage tanks – design for frequent turnover

Regional wind direction and industrial activity –

Lead, Mercury, other heavy metals

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GRAVEL AND SAND

CHARCOAL

SAND

GEO WATER FILTER

THREE 15 LITER TIN CANS, SAND, GRAVEL , TAP AND PVC PIPE

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Storage

1. Ponds and Reservoirs

2. Artificial recharge of Groundwater

3. Water Tanks

4. Rainwater runoff in surface water

5. Rainwater runoff in groundwater

6. Rainwater runoff in tanks

7. Effluent in surface water

8. Effluent in ground water

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Every drop counts

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Every drop counts

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Every drop counts

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Jn nurm – URBAN RAIN WATER HARVESTING

Tackle water shortage during summers

Recharge aquifers

Reduced power consumption in pumping water

Reduced water logging and flooding in low lying areas

Reduced erosion

Improved Groundwater quality through dilution. Eg: Coastal areas

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Means of water conservation

New dams - inter-basin

transfer

Groundwater - underdeveloped

Demand Management

Water savings - increase in

efficiency, reduce evaporation.

Water productivity - increases in crop per drop

Virtual water – Food production

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Water Conservation…Install small shower heads to reduce the flow of the water. Water in which the vegetables & fruits have been washed - use to water the flowers & plants.

At the end of the day if you have water left in your water bottle do not throw it away, pour it over some plants.

Re-use water as much as possible

Change in attitude & habits for water conservation

Every drop counts!!!

Page 26: Rainwater harvesting Dr Reddy labs

Hyderabad RWH POTENTIAL

The annual average rainfall in Hyderabad is about 700mm per year, the MCH area is about 170 square kilometers. The amount of rainfall every year on Hyderabad’s MCH area is 118000 Mega Liters per Year (MLY) which is equivalent to 32300 Mega Liter per Day (MLD). The overall installed supply capacities of all reservoirs are 930 MLD. So the amount of rain fall in Hyderabad is more than thirty times the amount the city gets supplied with from the reservoirs. And this is just the rain falling in the MCH area which is less than 20 % of the GHMC area. The question is what happens with these clean, unpolluted water masses falling every year in Hyderabad.

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Hyderabad

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Hyderabad (Andhra Pradesh)Rainwater harvesting has been made mandatory in all new buildings with an

area of 300 sq m or more.

Tentative for enforcing this deadline was June 2001.• Mandatory to provide RWH in all Group Housing and Commercial

Complexes• Mandatory for all categories of buildings including residential• All existing buildings in Municipalities/Municipal Corporations shall

construct rain water harvesting structures within a period of one year from issue of this GO. Competent authority shall insist on implementation of RWH in all layouts and sub divisions for sanctioning the same

Andhra Pradesh Water, Land and Trees Act, 2002Government order for all Municipalities in Andhra Pradesh

Page 29: Rainwater harvesting Dr Reddy labs

Administrative Measures Implementation Technical Incentives/ Penalties

Measures taken

Municipal Corporation of Hyderabad (MCH) has also made it mandatory to provide RWH to any additional buildings/multi stories in plots over 300 sqmAll existing Municipal building were made to undertake RWH within 1 year from the issue of Notification

Hyderabad Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board (HMWS&SB) has special Cells at their office where people can get information regarding RWHIn critical areas, HMWS&SB has constructed nearly 14,000 RWH structures

Technical experts have questioned HUDA norms for RWH structures and believe that injection wells can be made 5ft deep instead of 6.5ft deep as prescribed by HUDA

Shortfall Applications submitted for RWH by citizens to Municipal Corporation of Hyderabad (MCH), HMWS & SB and Hyderabad Urban Development Authority (HUDA) met with no or little responseRWH has not spread widely due to non cooperation of concerned departments

Government departments ask residents to contact listed contractors who claim very high ratesLack of coordination between different Government Departments dealing with RWHOut of 5,000 applications submitted, only 500 are implemented

50% subsidy announced on RWH structures was lifted due to poor response.

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Incentive for RWH• GO 302 – Andhra Pradesh Revised Building Rules, 2008• Incentives for owners rain water harvesting / recycling of waste water:

• The following incentives in terms of rebate in Property tax will be given by the local authority for owners or their successors-in-interest who:

Undertake both recycling of waste water and rain water harvesting structures: 10 % rebate

Disincentive for lack of Greenery and RWH structures:• If the Greenery development as mentioned in Rule 9.9 is not provided and

maintained and Rain water harvesting structures are not provided, 10% of additional Property tax every year would be imposed as penalty by the sanctioning authority till the said condition is fulfilled.

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Borewell recharge filters

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Roof top rainwater harvestingAt AVANI, Berinag, Uttarakhand

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RECHARGE WELLS

The Barefoot College, Tilonia

While it would normally take between 20-30 years for water to percolate 100 feet from an open tank, it has been noticed in an open well 300,000 litres can percolate to the same depth within a week.

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Where to do RWH ?

• Individual homes• Colonies• Apartments• Institutions• Schools/colleges/universities• Clubs• Hospitals• Industries• Slums• Every where

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How much will it cost and what are the parameters that affect the cost?

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Maintenance

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With a base period of 10 years a rainwater harvesting construction could gain an eco-nomic benefit of 1100 INR for the exemplary slum household and 2650INR for the ex-emplary middle class household. It would take about 7 years until the investment costs amortize.

Page 49: Rainwater harvesting Dr Reddy labs

THANK YOU..

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