radio news reporting

Radio News ReportingRadio News Reporting

Lecture-Workshop Lecture-Workshop for USC-KNNfor USC-KNN

What is NEWS?What is NEWS?The dog bites a man.The dog bites a man. A man bites a dog.A man bites a dog.

What is NEWS?What is NEWS?Dean Spencer of Syracuse University:Dean Spencer of Syracuse University:

“… “…any account of a person, any account of a person, idea or event which interest a large idea or event which interest a large number of people and is capable of number of people and is capable of being understood by them.”being understood by them.”

Elements of NewsElements of NewsTimelinessTimeliness

ProminenceProminence

ProximityProximity

Oddity or NoveltyOddity or Novelty

Significance, Significance,

Impact or Impact or

ConsequenceConsequence

Elements of NewsElements of NewsConflictConflict

SuspenseSuspense

Human InterestHuman Interest

ProgressProgress

HumorHumor

EXERCISEEXERCISELook for a partner who’s Look for a partner who’s not verynot very close/familiar to you.close/familiar to you.

InterviewInterview each other. each other.

Determine something Determine something newsworthynewsworthy of of the person you are talking with.the person you are talking with.

Write a 3 to 5-paragraph Write a 3 to 5-paragraph newsnews about about your partner.your partner.

PresentationPresentation of your news. of your news.

News ProcessNews ProcessNews GatheringNews Gathering

News WritingNews Writing

News Presentation/ReportingNews Presentation/Reporting

News ProcessNews ProcessNews News GatheringGathering

– Story ConferenceStory Conference– Deployment of news team/reporterDeployment of news team/reporter

News Desk vs. Field ReporterNews Desk vs. Field Reporter

News Producer vs. News AnchorNews Producer vs. News Anchor– Art of InterviewingArt of Interviewing– Human Trail, Paper Trail, Electronic TrailHuman Trail, Paper Trail, Electronic Trail



News ProcessNews ProcessNews GatheringNews GatheringNews News WritingWriting

– Determine the focus sentenceDetermine the focus sentence– Radio News Script Radio News Script formatformat– Writing the Writing the lead paragraphlead paragraph– News Story Form and OrganizationNews Story Form and Organization

Inverted Inverted PyramidPyramid vs. Square Format vs. Square FormatImportance of ScriptImportance of ScriptCardinal Rule in Writing for RadioCardinal Rule in Writing for Radio

– Cebuano News Writing/ReportingCebuano News Writing/Reporting


News ProcessNews ProcessNews GatheringNews GatheringNews News WritingWriting

– Determine the focus sentenceDetermine the focus sentenceIt helps you decide what you It helps you decide what you must must includeinclude..It helps you decide what you It helps you decide what you can leave can leave outout..It helps you decide what order to set It helps you decide what order to set out the facts out the facts to lead the listenerto lead the listener through the story logically.through the story logically.It sums up the essentials of your story It sums up the essentials of your story in in one sentenceone sentence that answers these that answers these three questions: three questions: WhoWho, , WhatWhat, and , and WhyWhy??

Focus SentenceFocus SentenceExamples:Examples:

Kim teaches Writing for Radio Kim teaches Writing for Radio because she wants journalists to tell because she wants journalists to tell compelling radio stories.compelling radio stories.

People in Buenos Aires are planning People in Buenos Aires are planning to march tonight because they want the to march tonight because they want the mayor to resign after a nightclub fire killed mayor to resign after a nightclub fire killed more than 180 people.more than 180 people.

Focus SentenceFocus SentenceExamples:Examples:

Former Philippine President Joseph Former Philippine President Joseph Estrada seeks full media coverage of the Estrada seeks full media coverage of the trial of his cases to inform the public of the trial of his cases to inform the public of the status of his case.status of his case.

Giant broadcasting network ABS-CBN Giant broadcasting network ABS-CBN has vowed to remain free from has vowed to remain free from government’s censorship especially during government’s censorship especially during the times when the public needs most of the times when the public needs most of the information.the information.

Focus SentenceFocus SentenceFocus: Indonesian authorities are speeding up the Focus: Indonesian authorities are speeding up the naming of all of its islands to prepare the country naming of all of its islands to prepare the country in territorial disputes resolution.in territorial disputes resolution.

Indonesia islands/morning prime News/ Indonesia islands/morning prime News/ March 8, 2006March 8, 2006

The United Nations has asked Indonesia to The United Nations has asked Indonesia to speed up the naming of all of its islands.speed up the naming of all of its islands.

Marine Affairs and Fisheries Minister Freddy Marine Affairs and Fisheries Minister Freddy Numberi says the country has until 2007 to Numberi says the country has until 2007 to submit the names to the U-N.submit the names to the U-N.

Freddy says barely half of the more than Freddy says barely half of the more than 17-thousand islands in Indonesia have been 17-thousand islands in Indonesia have been named.named.

Focus SentenceFocus SentenceHe said local authorities are now being He said local authorities are now being

tasked to name their respective islands rather tasked to name their respective islands rather than wait for the Ministry of Home Affairs to do it.than wait for the Ministry of Home Affairs to do it.

Freddy warned that the delay in naming the Freddy warned that the delay in naming the islands will jeopardize Indonesia’s claim over islands will jeopardize Indonesia’s claim over these islands before an international forum.these islands before an international forum.

Other countries have also claims over some Other countries have also claims over some of the islands.of the islands.

Freddy is optimistic Indonesia would be Freddy is optimistic Indonesia would be able to submit on time the names of its islands.able to submit on time the names of its islands.

-30--30-

Next: Next: Radio News Script FormatRadio News Script Format

Radio News Script FormatRadio News Script FormatSCRIPT-ONLYSCRIPT-ONLYAfternoon News/March 1, 2005Afternoon News/March 1, 2005NightClub fire/script-onlyNightClub fire/script-onlyKennethKenneth

Protesters in Buenos Aires are planning Protesters in Buenos Aires are planning another march this evening.another march this evening.

They’re angry at the government over last They’re angry at the government over last week’s nightclub fire.week’s nightclub fire.

It killed more than 180 people.It killed more than 180 people.The protestors are complaining that The protestors are complaining that

authorities let the club operate with locked authorities let the club operate with locked emergency doors, flammable sound proofing and emergency doors, flammable sound proofing and dangerous overcrowding.dangerous overcrowding.

Radio News Script FormatRadio News Script FormatMost of the victims were in their teens. But Most of the victims were in their teens. But

some were children and babies. some were children and babies. That’s because witnesses say the club That’s because witnesses say the club

operated a makeshift child-care center.operated a makeshift child-care center.Yesterday for a second straight day, many Yesterday for a second straight day, many

protestors marched toward City Hall to call for the protestors marched toward City Hall to call for the mayor to resign for allowing the club to mayor to resign for allowing the club to exist.exist.

Police have arrested the owner of the club.Police have arrested the owner of the club.The fire is one of Argentina’s worst The fire is one of Argentina’s worst

disastersdisasters [end][end]

Radio News Script FormatRadio News Script FormatSCRIPT CLIPSCRIPT CLIPAfternoon News/March 1, 2005Afternoon News/March 1, 2005NightClub fire/script-onlyNightClub fire/script-onlyKennethKenneth

Protesters in Buenos Aires are planning another march this Protesters in Buenos Aires are planning another march this evening.evening.

They’re angry at the government over last week’s nightclub They’re angry at the government over last week’s nightclub fire.fire.

It killed more than 180 people.It killed more than 180 people.The protestors are complaining that authorities let the club operate with The protestors are complaining that authorities let the club operate with

locked emergency doors, flammable sound proofing and dangerous overcrowding.locked emergency doors, flammable sound proofing and dangerous overcrowding.

THE GROUP’S SPOKESMAN—PETER PAN—SAYS IT’S THE GROUP’S SPOKESMAN—PETER PAN—SAYS IT’S DISGUSTING.DISGUSTING.

==========================================================================VOICECLIP: PETER PAN (:15 secs.)VOICECLIP: PETER PAN (:15 secs.)

CUE IN : WE’RE DISGUSTED BY THE ACTIONS OF CITY CUE IN : WE’RE DISGUSTED BY THE ACTIONS OF CITY HALL… HALL…

CUE OUT : …HEADS IN CITY HALL MUST ROLL.CUE OUT : …HEADS IN CITY HALL MUST ROLL.========================================================================

Radio News Script FormatRadio News Script FormatSPOKESMAN OF THE PROTESTORS—PETER PAN—SPOKESMAN OF THE PROTESTORS—PETER PAN—TALKING TO REPORTER KENNETH GALANO…TALKING TO REPORTER KENNETH GALANO…

Most of the victims were in their teens. But Most of the victims were in their teens. But some were children and babies. some were children and babies.

That’s because witnesses say the club That’s because witnesses say the club operated a makeshift child-care center.operated a makeshift child-care center.

Yesterday for a second straight day, many Yesterday for a second straight day, many protestors marched toward City Hall to call for the protestors marched toward City Hall to call for the mayor to resign for allowing the club to mayor to resign for allowing the club to exist.exist.

Police have arrested the owner of the club.Police have arrested the owner of the club.The fire is one of Argentina’s worst The fire is one of Argentina’s worst

disasters. disasters.

Radio News Script FormatRadio News Script FormatWRAP/VOICE REPORTWRAP/VOICE REPORTAfternoon News/March 1, 2005Afternoon News/March 1, 2005NightClub fire/script-onlyNightClub fire/script-onlyKennethKenneth

Protesters in Buenos Aires are planning another march Protesters in Buenos Aires are planning another march this this evening TO CALL FOR THE MAYOR’S RESIGNATION…evening TO CALL FOR THE MAYOR’S RESIGNATION…

KENNETH GALANO HAS THIS REPORT FROM CITY HALL…KENNETH GALANO HAS THIS REPORT FROM CITY HALL…==========================================================================VOICE REPORT: NIGHTCLUB FIRE/KENNETH (1:00min)VOICE REPORT: NIGHTCLUB FIRE/KENNETH (1:00min)

CUE IN: They’re angry at the government over… CUE IN: They’re angry at the government over… CUE OUT: The fire is one of Argentina’s worst disasters. CUE OUT: The fire is one of Argentina’s worst disasters.

Kenneth Galano reporting from City Hall.Kenneth Galano reporting from City Hall.

==========================================================================KENNETH GALANO REPORTING FROM CITY HALL… KENNETH GALANO REPORTING FROM CITY HALL…

nextnext

Lead ParagraphLead ParagraphWRAP/VOICE REPORTWRAP/VOICE REPORTAfternoon News/March 1, 2005Afternoon News/March 1, 2005NightClub fire/script-onlyNightClub fire/script-onlyKennethKenneth

Protesters in Buenos Aires are planning another march Protesters in Buenos Aires are planning another march this this evening TO CALL FOR THE MAYOR’S RESIGNATION…evening TO CALL FOR THE MAYOR’S RESIGNATION…

KENNETH GALANO HAS THIS REPORT FROM CITY KENNETH GALANO HAS THIS REPORT FROM CITY HALL…HALL…==========================================================================VOICE REPORT: NIGHTCLUB FIRE/KENNETH (1:00min)VOICE REPORT: NIGHTCLUB FIRE/KENNETH (1:00min)





Protesters in Buenos AiresProtesters in Buenos Aires are planning another march are planning another march this this evening TO CALL FOR THE MAYOR’S RESIGNATION…evening TO CALL FOR THE MAYOR’S RESIGNATION…





Who?


Protesters in Buenos AiresProtesters in Buenos Aires are are planning another marchplanning another march this this evening TO CALL FOR THE MAYOR’S RESIGNATION…evening TO CALL FOR THE MAYOR’S RESIGNATION…





Who? What?


Protesters in Buenos AiresProtesters in Buenos Aires are are planning another marchplanning another march this this eveningevening TO CALL FOR THE MAYOR’S RESIGNATION… TO CALL FOR THE MAYOR’S RESIGNATION…





Who? What?

When?


Protesters in Buenos AiresProtesters in Buenos Aires are are planning another marchplanning another march this this eveningevening TO CALL FOR THE MAYOR’S RESIGNATIONTO CALL FOR THE MAYOR’S RESIGNATION……

KENNETH GALANO HAS THIS REPORT FROM CITY HALL…KENNETH GALANO HAS THIS REPORT FROM CITY HALL…==========================================================================VOICE REPORT: NIGHTCLUB FIRE/KENNETH (1:00min)VOICE REPORT: NIGHTCLUB FIRE/KENNETH (1:00min)




NextNext: News Story Form and Organization: News Story Form and Organization

Who? What?

When? Why?

News Story Form & News Story Form & OrganizationOrganization

Inverted Pyramid Inverted Pyramid

most important facts

supporting details

additional details

more details

News Story Form & News Story Form & OrganizationOrganization

Square FormatSquare Format

story lead

fact 2 and detail

fact 3 and detail

rounding off

Ending Your StoryEnding Your StorySummary EndingSummary Ending

Climax EndingClimax Ending

StingerStinger

Un-endingUn-ending

Ending Your StoryEnding Your StorySummary EndingSummary Ending

Like the summary lead, the summary Like the summary lead, the summary ending wraps up the story with the most ending wraps up the story with the most important facts.important facts.

Ex.:Ex.: Yesterday for a second straight day, many Yesterday for a second straight day, many

protestors marched toward City Hall to call for the protestors marched toward City Hall to call for the mayor to resign for allowing the club to mayor to resign for allowing the club to exist.exist.

Police have arrested the owner of the club.Police have arrested the owner of the club.The fire is one of Argentina’s worst disasters.The fire is one of Argentina’s worst disasters.

Ending Your StoryEnding Your StoryClimax EndingClimax Ending

The writer focuses in the peak of The writer focuses in the peak of the event, ironically creating an anti-the event, ironically creating an anti-climatic effect in the reader.climatic effect in the reader.

Ex.:Ex.: What finally brought down the seemingly What finally brought down the seemingly

indestructible monument to penal abuse was a indestructible monument to penal abuse was a footage videotaped last month of guards clubbing footage videotaped last month of guards clubbing naked prisoners. President Ernesto Perez naked prisoners. President Ernesto Perez Balladares chose Dec. 10, International Human Balladares chose Dec. 10, International Human Rights Day, to blow up what a grafitto called the Rights Day, to blow up what a grafitto called the ANTECHAMBER OF HELL. Sighed hotdog vendor, ANTECHAMBER OF HELL. Sighed hotdog vendor, Pablo Rodriguez: “Too much suffering, too much Pablo Rodriguez: “Too much suffering, too much disgrace. It’s finally over.”disgrace. It’s finally over.”

Ending Your StoryEnding Your StoryStinger EndingStinger Ending

The writer ends with The writer ends with something totally unsuspected something totally unsuspected by the reader.by the reader.

Ex.:Ex.: And so Ramon, the shy and lovable And so Ramon, the shy and lovable

Ramon, ended up to be the vicious rapist hunted Ramon, ended up to be the vicious rapist hunted for in at least three states.for in at least three states.

Ending Your StoryEnding Your StoryUn-endingUn-ending

This type of ending purposely ends on a This type of ending purposely ends on a limb, creating suspense and interest in a follow limb, creating suspense and interest in a follow up.up.

Ex.:Ex.: Informants are often reluctant to come forward, Informants are often reluctant to come forward,

whether out of fear, loyalty or a general aversion to getting whether out of fear, loyalty or a general aversion to getting involved, and this case has provided its own reasons for involved, and this case has provided its own reasons for tipsters to be wary. Many sources who gave the FBI tipsters to be wary. Many sources who gave the FBI information on Jewell, ranging from his work history to his information on Jewell, ranging from his work history to his living habits, must be wondering today if the leads they living habits, must be wondering today if the leads they provided helped keep the investigation focused in a provided helped keep the investigation focused in a probably innocent man. Still, the FBI is hoping that popular probably innocent man. Still, the FBI is hoping that popular interest in seeing the real bomber punished and the lure of interest in seeing the real bomber punished and the lure of a $500,000 bounty, will keep those calls and photos a $500,000 bounty, will keep those calls and photos coming.coming.

News Sentence StructureNews Sentence StructurePassive sentencesPassive sentences

Follows the Object-Verb-Subject agreementFollows the Object-Verb-Subject agreement

Example: Example:

O V SO V S

A man was bitten by the dog.A man was bitten by the dog.

Active sentencesActive sentencesFollows the Subject-Verb-Object agreementFollows the Subject-Verb-Object agreement

Example:Example:

S V OS V O

The dog bites a man.The dog bites a man.

Importance of ScriptImportance of ScriptIt ensures smooth continuity of the It ensures smooth continuity of the programprogram

Smooth flow of things from beginning to endSmooth flow of things from beginning to end

Avoidance of “dead air”Avoidance of “dead air”

Keeps from saying anything irrelevantKeeps from saying anything irrelevant

It aids in proper program timingIt aids in proper program timingEnsures program not to go overtime or Ensures program not to go overtime or undertimeundertime

It approximates the total program lengthIt approximates the total program length

Importance of ScriptImportance of ScriptIt ensures accuracy of informationIt ensures accuracy of information

Written facts are far better than be Written facts are far better than be dependent on the announcer’s memory.dependent on the announcer’s memory.

Summarizes facts in magazines, books or Summarizes facts in magazines, books or pieces of paperpieces of paper

It helps in presenting information in an It helps in presenting information in an organized mannerorganized manner

Guides in discussing information in a logical Guides in discussing information in a logical order.order.

The Cardinal Rule in Writing The Cardinal Rule in Writing for Radiofor Radio

IT’S SPOKEN IT’S SPOKEN (“Write for the ear, not for (“Write for the ear, not for the eye”)the eye”)

Think it, say it, then write!Think it, say it, then write!

Use contractionsUse contractions

Change complex words to simpler onesChange complex words to simpler ones

Punctuate for soundPunctuate for sound

Avoid sound clashesAvoid sound clashes

Provide a pronunciation guideProvide a pronunciation guide

CONTRACTIONSCONTRACTIONSNo ContractionsNo Contractions

I willI will

It isIt is

She isShe is

He would notHe would not

DalanDalan

SumalaSumala

Gikawatan og Gikawatan og

Using ContractionsUsing Contractions

I’llI’ll

It’sIt’s

She’sShe’s

He wouldn’tHe wouldn’t

Da’anDa’an

Suma’aSuma’a

Gikawata’gGikawata’g

COMPLEX WORDSCOMPLEX WORDSComplex WordsComplex Words

NictitateNictitate HalitosisHalitosis

Monosodium Monosodium

GlutamateGlutamate

Law of Supply and Law of Supply and Demand Demand

Simple WordsSimple Words

WinkWink

Bad breathBad breath

Seasoning orSeasoning or

VetsinVetsin

Increase in Increase in demand demand

Punctuate for SoundPunctuate for Sound!! – indicates inflection—something – indicates inflection—something

to emphasize. to emphasize.

?? - signifies questions - signifies questions

/,…/,… - indicate pause - indicate pause

- in a happy mood- in a happy mood

Avoid Sound ClashesAvoid Sound ClashesAvoid alliterations—Avoid alliterations—repetitionrepetition of the of the

initial soundinitial sound of nearby words or of nearby words or syllables.syllables.

Wilma and William watched the Wilma and William watched the window washers walk with window washers walk with Walter.Walter.

Avoid Sound ClashesAvoid Sound ClashesBe careful of Be careful of sibilantsibilant (s,z,sh,zh,ch,j) (s,z,sh,zh,ch,j)

and and popping popping (b, p) sounds(b, p) sounds She saw some shiny shells She saw some shiny shells

shimmering on the shore while shimmering on the shore while she sat sipping her champagne. she sat sipping her champagne.

Bobby blew and blew some big, Bobby blew and blew some big,

bright blue bubbles.bright blue bubbles.

Avoid Sound ClashesAvoid Sound ClashesWatch out for Watch out for tongue twisterstongue twisters..

Thirty thrifty rural residents rented Thirty thrifty rural residents rented thirty-three tricycles.thirty-three tricycles.

Sherry Sue sure showed some spirit Sherry Sue sure showed some spirit

studying Statistics she’s taking this studying Statistics she’s taking this summer.summer.

Ang relo ni Roy Royal.Ang relo ni Roy Royal.

Avoid Sound ClashesAvoid Sound ClashesAvoid Avoid repeating wordsrepeating words or using words or using words

that have the same sound.that have the same sound.

The local building was built by a The local building was built by a local builder.local builder.

Pronunciation GuidePronunciation GuideIt is important not to mispronounce It is important not to mispronounce

names of persons, places or thingsnames of persons, places or things

Antilles (Antilles (An-til-lezAn-til-lez))

Pneumonia (Pneumonia (noo-mo-nianoo-mo-nia))

Tawo (Tawo (taw’taw’))

Pronunciation GuidePronunciation GuideBreak down scientific and technical Break down scientific and technical

terms that are difficult to read.terms that are difficult to read.

Extraterritoriality (Extraterritoriality (ex-tra-ter-ri-ex-tra-ter-ri-to-ria-li-tyto-ria-li-ty))

Deoxyribonucleic acid (Deoxyribonucleic acid (deo-xy-ri-deo-xy-ri-bo-nuc-lic acidbo-nuc-lic acid))

Cebuano JournalismCebuano JournalismSentence Structure:Sentence Structure:

S V OS V O

I am going to the Carbon Market.I am going to the Carbon Market.

Ako moadto sa Carbon Market.Ako moadto sa Carbon Market.

V S OV S O

Moadto ko sa Carbon MarketMoadto ko sa Carbon Market

News ProcessNews ProcessNews GatheringNews Gathering


News News Presentation/ReportingPresentation/Reporting– Live ReportsLive Reports

Scripts, Outline, Raw NotesScripts, Outline, Raw Notes

Live interviews (Expert, M-O-T-S)Live interviews (Expert, M-O-T-S)

– Canned ReportsCanned ReportsPre-recorded in tape or CD/USB stickPre-recorded in tape or CD/USB stick

– NewscastingNewscastingAnchors read scripts most of the timeAnchors read scripts most of the time

Ad libs are not permitted unless there are Ad libs are not permitted unless there are technical problems.technical problems.

radio news reporting

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