Radio

In this presentation I will be talking about radio.

What is Radio Broadcasting

Radio broadcasting is a one-way wireless transmission over radio waves used to reach a wide audience. Stations can be linked in radio networks to broadcast a common radio format, either in broadcast syndication or simulcast or both. Audio broadcasting also can be done via cable radio, local wire television networks, satellite radio, and internet radio via streaming media on the internet.

Radio is very popular in the UK with around 600 licenced radio stations in the country. There are three types of radio broadcasting which are: public service broadcasting, commercial broadcasting and community radio.

BBC Audio & Music is a part of the British Broadcasting Corporation. The service provides national radio stations covering the majority of musical genre and also local radio stations.

Of the national radio stations, BBC Radio 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 Live are all available through analogue radio as well as on DAB Digital Radio and internet services through RealMedia, WMA and BBC iPlayer. The remaining stations, BBC Radio 1Xtra, 4 Extra, 5 Live Sports Extra and 6 Music, are all broadcasted on digital platforms only.

Public Service Broadcasting

The BBC today runs eleven national radio stations, six of which are only available in a digital format: via DAB Digital Radio, UK digital television and on the Internet.

BBC Radio 1: is youth oriented, mostly contemporary pop and rock music (including Top 40 singles), plus news, original in-house live music sessions, original live music concerts and music documentaries.

BBC Radio 2: is more adult oriented entertainment, wide range of music specially adult contemporary and middle of the road, talk, comedy, plus news, original in-house live music sessions, original live music concerts and music documentaries. Available on 88-91 FM and on digital platforms.

National BBC Radio Stations

BBC Radio 3: arts and high culture, special-interest music (classical, jazz, world music), plus news, original in-house live music sessions, original live music concerts and music documentaries. Available on 90-93 FM and digital platforms.

BBC Radio 4: news, current affairs, arts, history, original in-house drama, original in-house first-run comedy, science, books and religion. The service closes down and simulcasts the BBC World Service during this time. Available between 92-95 and 103-105 FM, 198 LW, various medium wave frequencies and on digital platforms.

BBC Radio 5 Live: news, sports and talk programmes available on 909/693 MW and digital frequencies.

National BBC Radio Stations

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The BBC is a statutory corporation and mass media industry that serves worldwide on television, online and radio. Its revenue consists of around five billion pounds (2011/12) and currently has 23,000 employees (2011/2012). The BBC is publicly owned by The Crown which is a corporation sole (a legal entity).

How big is the

Platforms: Internet Streaming/Sky/freesat/Freeview/DAB) radio stations are:

BBC Radio 1Xtra:

new urban music, plus news, original in-house live music sessions, original live music concerts and music documentaries.

BBC Radio 4 Extra:

classic comedy, drama, books, science fiction, fantasy and children's programmes.

BBC Radio 5 Live Sports Extra:

a companion to Radio 5 Live for additional sports events coverage.

BBC Radio 6 Music:

an eclectic mix of alternative genres including rock, funk, punk and reggae, plus news, original in-house live music sessions, original live music concerts and music documentaries.

BBC Asian Network:

aimed at the large South Asian community in the UK.

Digital Stations

The BBC also runs radio stations for the three "national regions".

These stations focus on local issues.

BBC Radio Scotland: News, music, sport and talk from ScotlandBBC Radio nan Gàidheal: Scottish Gaelic language networkBBC Radio Shetland: News, music, sport and talk from ShetlandBBC Radio Orkney: News, music, sport and talk from OrkneyBBC Radio Wales: News, music, sport and talk from WalesBBC Radio Cymru: Welsh language networkBBC Radio Ulster: News, music, sport and talk from Northern Ireland

Regional Stations

The BBC World Service is the world's largest international broadcaster, broadcasting news, speech and discussions in 28 languages to many parts of the world on analogue and digital shortwave platforms, internet streaming, podcasting, satellite, FM and MW relays.

The World Service was reported to have reached 188 million people a week on average in June 2009. It does not carry advertising, and the English language service broadcasts 24 hours a day.

The World Service is currently funded by grant-in-aid through the Foreign and Commonwealth Office of the British Government, however from 2014, it will be funded by the compulsory television license fee levied on every household in the United Kingdom using a television to watch broadcast programmes.

BBC World Service

The licence fee is used almost entirely to fund the BBC's domestic radio, television and internet services. The money received from the fees represents around 75% of the cost of these services with most of the remainder coming from the profits of BBC Worldwide.

As the BBC does not have to rely on advertisers to fund it, it can produce more speciality and minority programming.

On commercial stations these sorts of programmes might not get enough listeners so advertisers would not want to give the station money.

License Fee

Commercial broadcasting is the broadcasting of television and radio programmes by privately-owned corporate media, as opposed to state ownership.

Commercial broadcasting is primarily based on the practice of airing radio advertisements and television advertisements for profit. This is in contrast to public broadcasting, which receives government subsidies and avoid most paid advertising.

What is Commercial Radio

Commercial radio stations make most of their revenue selling "airtime" to advertisers. Radio accounts for 6.9%. Radio advertisements or "spots" are available when a business or service provides valuable consideration, usually cash, in exchange for the station airing their spot or mentioning them on air.

There are three national commercial stations broadcasting on FM or AM throughout the UK as well as via DAB, DTV and online.

Classic FM (100-103 FM) - classical music

Absolute Radio (AM mostly 1215 medium wave) - rock and pop music

talkSPORT (AM mostly 1089/1053 medium wave) - live sport and debate

Most commercial stations serve a local or regional area and are owned by one of three big groups which dominate the sector. There are over 300 in the UK, mostly using FM frequencies and DAB.

National Commercial Radio Stations

Local Commercial Radio Stations

Local commercial radio stations in London are: Heart 106.2 – LBC 97.3 – Magic 105.4 – Capital 95.8 National commercial radio There are three big groups that dominate the local and regional sector.

There are over 250 in the UK. Mostly using DAB and FM frequencies. Classic FM use 100 FM and play Classical music. Absolute radio is mostly played in the morning, about 1215 waves used and play Pop and rock music.

Commercial radio stations make the most of their revenue to sell airtime to advertisers. If a business provides valuable consideration like cash for instance, in exchange the radio guy could put the advertisement in their live broadcast.

In addition to broadcasting output on television and radio, some programmes are also displayed on the BBC Big Screens located in several central city locations. The BBC and the Foreign and Commonwealth Office also jointly run BBC Monitoring, which monitors radio, television, the press and the internet worldwide.

What else does the BBC own

Radio links in with other media industries such as television, advertising and marketing and others.

Television and radio are similar because they both entertain their target audience and also give them the news and latest updates from around the world.

There are a lot advertising on radio during breaks which allow companies to advertise their products.

How does this industry relate to other media industries