~r Ii iill('1 "I, if$" ~Ministry of External Affairs

New Delhi

Government Conference

No.AA/162/01/2019-439-1 March 08, 2019

To,Indian Institute of Technology, Madras,[Kind Attn: Dr. B SMurty]Chennai-600036

Subject: Political clearance for organising "26th International symposium onMetastable, Amorphous and Nanostructured Materials (ISMANAM-2019)"from July 08-12,2019 at ~_:.\ ch~Ylnc.A. •

Sir,Please refer to your communication dated February 10, 2019, on the subject

mentioned above.

2. This Ministry has no objection from political angle for the proposed event withforeign participants (as per the list attached), as stated in your aforesaid communication,subject to clearanceof Ministry of HomeAffairs asapplicable and Nodal Ministry:

3. It is further stated that, observations made in our separate communication No.AA/162/01/2019-439-11 dated 08/03/2019 may be complied with.

4. The foreign participants may please be advised to enclose copies of letter ofinvitation from the organizer in India and this Ministry's political clearance as well asMHA'sclearanceasapplicable when applying for visa with the Indian Mission/Post abroad.

(S.Aji h Prasad)Section Officer (Coordination)

Tel: 011-23017223

Copyto:

i) Ministry of Home Affairs [Kind Attn: R K Arya, SO (CC)], Foreigners Division, NDCCBuilding II, Jai SinghRoad,New Delhi.

ii) Bureau of Immigration, Ministry of Home Affairs, New Delhi.Email: jdboi-mha@nic.in

ISMANAM-2019List of Accepted PL-KN- IN Overseas Speakers

S.No Name of the speaker Affiliation Type of Email Abstract Country

speaker

1. Berndt c.c. SUT, Australia KN cberndt@swin.edu.au Received Australia

2. Eckert J. Univ. Leoben, Austria PL juergen. eckert@unileoben.ac.at Austria

3. Renner F.U. Univ. of Hasselt, IN frank.renner@uhasselt.be Received Belgium

Diepenbeek, Belgium4. Botta W.J. UFSCar, Brazil IN wjbotta@ufscar.br Received Brazil

5. Spassov T. Univ. of Sofia, Bulgaria IN tspassov@chem.uni-sofia.bg Received Bulgaria

6. Chengbao J. BUAA, China IN jiangcb@buaa.edu.cn Received China

7. Dong C. DUT, China KN dong@dlut.edu.cn Received China

8. Inoue A. TJU, China PL ainouebmg@yahoo.co.jp Received China

9. Jiang J.Z. ICNSM, ZJU, China KN jiangjz@zju.edu.cn Received China

10. Shen B. SEU, China IN blshen@seu.edu.cn Received China

11. WeiS. CSRC, Beijing, China KN suhuaiwei@csrc.ac.cn Received China

12. Zhang D. Northeastern Univ., IN zhangdeliang@sjtu.edu.cn Received China

Shenyang, China13. Zhang Y. USTB, China KN drzhangy@ustb.edu.cn Received China

14. ZhuS. TJU, China IN slzhu@tju.edu.cn Received China

15. ZouJ. SJTU, China IN zoujx@sjtu.edu.cn Received China

16. Champion Y. Univ. of Grenoble Alpes, IN yannick.champion@grenoble-inp.fr Received France

France17. Albe K. TU Darmstadt, Germany KN albe@mm.tu-darmstadt.de Received Germany

18. Calin M. IFW Dresden, Germany IN m.calin@ifw-dresden.de Received Germany

19. Divinski S.V. Univ. of Munster, IN divin@uni-muenster.de Received Germany

Germany20. Fecht H.1. Ulm Univ., Germany KN hans. fecht@uni-ulm.de Received Germany

21. Gallino 1. Saarland Univ., Germany IN i.gall ino@mx.uni-saarlan}!::t!?-.,'o1iiri ~ , Received Germany11~':'-"""l-1ER,,,,,; \~,

1

22. Gerhard D. MPIE, Germany KN dehm@mpie.de Received Germany

23. Hahn H. KIT, Germany PL horst.hahn@kit.edu Received Germany

24. Heilmaier M. KIT, Germany IN martin.heilmaier@kit.edu Received Germany

25. Heitjans P. Leibniz Univ. Hanover, KN heitjans@pci. uni-hannover. de Received Germany

Germany26. Kiibel C. KIT, Germany IN christian. kuebel@kit.edu Received Germany

27. Liebscher C. MPlE, Germany IN c.liebscher@mpie.de Received Germany

28. Scheu C. MPIE, Germany IN scheu@mpie.de Received Germany

29. Schneider J.1. TU Darmstadt, Germany IN j oerg.schneider@ac.chernie.tu- Received Germany

darmstadt. de

30. Schneider lM. RWTH, Aachen, KN schneider@mch.rwth-aachen.de Received Germany

Germany

31. Skrotzki W. TU Dresden, Germany IN Werner.Skrotz!d@tu-dresden.de Received Germany

32. Weissmuller J. TUHH, Germany KN weissmueller@tuhh.de Received Germany

33. Wilde G. Univ.ofMunster, KN gwilde@uni-muenster.de Received Germany

Germany34. Laureti S. CNR-ISM, Italy IN sara.laureti@ism.cnr.it Received I Italy

35. Peddis D. CNR-ISM, Italy IN davide.peddiS@ism.cnr.it Italy

36. Tiberto P. INRiM, Italy IN p.tiberto@inrim.it Received Italy

37. Varvaro G. CNR-ISM, Italy IN gaspare.varvaro@ism.cm.it Received Italy

38. Louzguine D. Tohoku Univ., Japan IN dml@wpi-aimr.tohoku.ac.jp Japan

39. Masato O. Hokkadido Univ., Japan IN ohnuma.masato@eng.hokudai.ac.jp Japan

40. Tsai A.P. U\1RAM, Tohoku Univ., KN aptsai@tagen.tohoku.ac.jp Received Japan

Japan41. Tsuji N. Kyoto Univ., Japan KN nobuhiro-tsujl@mtl.kyoto-u.ac.jp Received Japan

42. Prashanth K.G. NUST, Norway IN kgprashanth@gmail.com Received Norway

43. Lupu N. NIRDTP, Romania IN nicole@phys-iasi.ro Romania

44. Kaloshkin S.D. NlTU MISIS, Russian IN kaloshkin@misis.ru Received Russian

FederationFederation

45. Valiev R. USATU, Russian KN ruslan.valiev@ugatu~ ~~ Received Russian

Federation~~"jo.~ER~~ \ Federation

{~ . ~ \\FE 7J.

2 II <J) • , '" Ij\. ~ "... * ., \~~~ «s Q~ ffiq;\t. v,'<:

.OFR-i\)\I-· ~_ 3.La\

46. Gupta M. NUS, Singapore KN mpe~nus.edu.sg Received Singapore

47. Ramakrishna S. NUS, Singapore PL seeram@nus.edu.sg Received Singapore

48. Ramanujan R.Y. NTU, Singapore IN rarnanujan@ntu.edu.sg Received Singapore

49. Choi P. KAIST, Daejeon, South IN p.choi@kaist.ac.kr Received South Korea

Korea50. KimD.H. Yonsei Univ., Seoul, KN dohkim@yonsei.ac.kr Received South Korea

South Korea51. Baro M.D. UAB, Spain KN dolors.baro@uab.cat Received Spain

52. Fornell J. UAB, Spain IN jordinafomel t@gmail.com Received Spain

53. Sort J. UAB, Spain KN jordi.sort@uab.cat Received Spain

54. GuoS. CTH, Sweden IN sheng. guo@chalrners.se Received Sweden

55. Spolenak R. ETH Zurich, Switzerland IN ralph.spolenak@mat.ethz.ch Received Switzerland

56. Stoica M. ETH Zurich, Switzerland TN rnihai.stoica@mat.ethz.ch Received Switzerland

57. YehJ.W. NTHU, Taiwan PL jwyeh@rnx.nthu.edu.hv Taiwan

58. Cantor B. Univ. of Bradford, UK KN vcp~bradford.ac. uk UK

59. Ferrari A.C. Univ. of Cambridge, UK KN acf26@eng.cam.ac.uk UK

60. Greer A.L. Univ. of Cambridge, UK PL alg 13@cam.ac.uk Received UK

61. James S. QUB, Belfast, UK KN s.james@qub.ac.uk UK

62. McGrath R. ULIV, UK IN r.mcgrath~liverpoot.ac.uk Received UK

63. Ajayan P. Rice Univ., USA PL ajayan@rice.edu USA

64. AtzmonM. Univ. of Michigan, USA IN atzmon@umlch.edu Received USA

65. Banerjee R. UNT, Denton, USA KN rajarshi.Banerjee@unt.edu Received USA

66. Bassiri R. Stanford Univ., USA KN rbassiri@stanford.edu USA

67. Capasso F. Harvard Univ., USA KN capasso@seas.harvard.edu USA

68. Chen M. JHU, USA KN mwchen@jhu.edu USA

69. Flores K. WUSTL, USA IN floresk@wustl.edu USA

70. Fraser H. OSU, USA KN fraser.3@osu.edu USA

71. George E.P. ORNL, USA KN georgeep@ornl.gov USA

72. Johnson D. ISU, USA TN ddj@iastate.edu USA

73. Kalidindi S.R. Georgia Tech, USA KN surya.kalidindi@me.gatech.edu ~~ ..I';;;;;~, USA-1:'~'''~i-1ER~ ~\r ~~~~.~

3 ( e . $ \., \ <n'~z. ,,' if~ "-:'''5 ~

74. Kalyanaraman R. Univ. of Tennesse, USA IN ramki@utk.edu Received USA

75. Kaufman M.J. Colorado School of IN mkaufman@mines.edu Received USA

Mines, USA76. Kelton K.F. WUSTL, USA KN kfk@wustl.edu Received USA

77. MaE. JHU, Baltimore, USA KN ema@jhu.edu Received USA

78. Mishra R. Univ. of North Texas, KN rajiv.mishra@unt.edu Received USA

USA79. Misra A. Uni. Michigan, USA KN amitmis@umich.edu USA

80. Morris J.R. ORNL, USA IN morrisj@ornl.gov USA

81. Mukherjee S. UNT, USA IN sundeep.mukherjee@unt.edu Received USA

82. Perepezko J.H. UW-Madison, USA KN perepezk@engr.wisc.edu Received USA

83. Schuh C. MIT, USA PL schuh@mit.edu USA

84. Srikanth H. USF, USA TN sharihar@usf.edu USA

85. Voyles P. UW-Madison, USA IN paul. voyles@wisc.edu Received USA

86. Zhang Y. UIVC, USA IN zhyang@illinois.edu Received USA~-.

PL: Plenary Speaker; KN: Key Note Speaker; IN: Invited Speaker

4

ISMANAM-2019List of Overseas Contributory Speakers

S.No Name of the Speaker Affiliation Email O/P Country

I. Chawake N. ESlMS, Leoben, Austria niraj.chawake@oeaw.ac.at 0 Austria

2. Sopu D. ESIMS, Leoben, Austria Daniel. Sopu@oeaw.ac.at 0 Austria

3. Afonso C.R.M. UFSCar, Sao Carlos, Brazil conrado@ufscar.br 0 Brazil

4. Borborema S. UERI, Resende, Brazil sinarab@rnsn.com p Brazil

5. Chen Qi RUST, Wuhan, China qichen@hust.edu.cn 0 China

6. Li Fushan Zhengzhou Univ., Zhengzhou, China fsli@zzu.edu.cn 0 China

7. Li Yanying SITU, Shanghai, China liyanying@sjtu.edu.cn p China

8. Li Yasong USTB, Beijing, China songli 159@sina.com p China

9. Li Yinfeng SJTU, Shanghai, China liyinfeng@sjtu.edu.cn 0 China

10. Liu Binbin USTB, Beijing, China bbliu@ustb.edu.cn 0 China

11. ReddyK.M. SITU, Shanghai, China kmreddy@sjtu.edu.cn 0 China

12. Song S. SJTU, Shanghai, China songshuangxi@sjtu.edu.cn 0 China

13. Sun Y. H. (CAS), Beijing, China ysun58@iphy.ac.cli1 0 China

14. WangW. SITU, Shanghai, China wangwandongO 108@sjtu.edu.cn p China

15. WangX. SITU, Shanghai, China xdwang77@sjtu.edu.cn 0 Cbina

16. Wang Zhi SCUT, Guangzhou, China wangzhi@scut.edu.cn 0 China

17. Ye Feng USTB, Beijing, China yefeng@skl.ustb.edu.cn 0 China

18. Zhang B. USTB, Beijing, China 1142080480@qq.com p China

19. Zhang K.M. Shanghai Univ. of Engg. Science, zhanglcm@sues.edu.cn 0 China

Shanghai, China20. Zhang S. OUT, Dalian, China zhangshuangchn@mail.dlut.edu.cn p China

21. Babic E. UoZ, Zagreb, Croatia ebabic@phy.hr 0 Croatia

22. Haratian S. DTU, Denmark Sahara@mek.dtu.dk 0 Denmark

23. Cardinal S. Universite de Lyon, MATEIS, INSA- sandrine.cardinal@insa-lyon.fr 0 France

Lyon, France24. Gravier S. Vulkam Inc. Amor. metal micro casting, sebastien.gravier@vulkam.com 0 France

$IT<nq

5 ~1.\~i-'~R~~~ ~~

\• \ ,fo6ist!a-l " I 2..()1~. ~ ,*,-.;,.<::iG'oVrif~. OF 1N1l\~"-

France

25. Grosdidier T. Univ. of Lorraine, Metz France thierry.grosdidier@univ-Iorraine.fr 0 France

26. Guerin E. Univ. of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, eliott. guerin2@simap.grenoble- P France

Grenoble, France inp.fr

27. Panda S. LEM3, Universite de Lorraine, CNRS, subratakolkata 76@grnail.com 0 France

Metz,France28. Pelletier J.M. MATEIOS, INSA-Lyon, Villeurbanne, jean-marc.pelletier@insa-Iyon.fr 0 France

France29. Davani F.A. IMP, University of Munster, Munster, famaz.davani@uni-muenster.de P Germany

Germany30. Evertz S. RWTH Aachen Univ., Aachen, Germany evertz@mch.rwth-aacben.de p Germany

31. Fantin A. TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany andrea. fantin@helmholtz-berlin.de 0 Germany

32. Farle M. CENIDE, University Duisburg-Essen farle@uni-due.de 0 Germany

33. Ghidelli M. MPIE, Dusseldorf, Germany m.ghidelli@mpie.de 0 Germany

34. Hassanpour A. IMP, University of Munster, Munster, hassanpa@uni-muenster.de p Germany

Germany35. Hilke S. IMP, University of Munster, Munster, sven.bilk,e@uni-muenster.de P Germany

Germany36. Kilmametov A. (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany askar.kilmametov@kit.edu 0 Germany

37. KiniM.K. MPIE, Dusseldorf, Germany m.kini@mpie.de 0 Germany

38. Pinto M. W. da Silva IMP, University of Munster, Munster, m.pinto@wwu.de P Germany

Germany39. Spangenberg K. IMP, University of Munster, Munster, spangenberg@wwu.de p Germany

Germany40. Varanasi R. S. MPIE, Dusseldorf, Germany rama@mpie.de P Germany

41. Zhou H. IMP, University of Munster, Munster, h_zhou04@uni-muenster.de P Germany

Germany42. Czel G. ICPE.! UoM, Miskolc, Hungary femczel@uni-miskolc.hu 0 Hungary

43. Janovszky D. UoM, Miskolc, Hungary fekjd@uni-miskolc.hu P Hungary

44. Sveda M. Univ. ofMiskolc, Hungary femmaria@uni-mlskolc.hu P Hungary

45. Sycheva Anna Univ. of Miskolc, Hungary kubaisy@mail.ru - 0 Hungary~. -, ~

61~1:\~\l~",~

if ~\\ \ \I ~ fJ "":,~~ '''''':l~la~ ~~3)"LO I )~ ~ ~(JO '-<I'~ ~""*~i1~'~<;:G'O;rr, Of 1'I\\l\'I--'-

46. Movahedi B. Univ. of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran b.movahedi@ast.ui.ac.ir 0 Iran

47. Carreno-Gallardo C. CIMAV, Chihuahua, Mexico caleb.carreno@cimav.edu.IDX 0 Mexico

48. Dominguez-Crespo M. IPN, Altamira, Mexico adcrespo2000@yahoo.com.mx 0 Mexico

A.49. Guzman Vargas A. lPN, Mexico aguzmanv@ipn.mx P Mexico

50. Herrera-Ramirez J. M. CIMAV, Chihuahua, Mexico martin.herrera@cimav.edu.mx 0 Mexico

51. Jimenez-Muniz A. IPN, Mexico iq.adrianjimenez@gmail.com P Mexico

52. Ramirez-Meneses E. Universidad Iberoamericana, Ciudad de esther.ramirez@ibero.mx P Mexico

Mexico, Mexico

53. Thiyagarajan S. Universidad de Guanajuato, DCI, Leon, thiya93@gmail.com p Mexico

Gto., Mexico

54. Vargas-Garcia J.R. lPN, CNMN, UPALM, Mexico rvargasga@ipn.mx 0 Mexico

55. Verdejo-Palacios A. IPN-ESIQIE, Mexico averdejopalacios@gmail.com P Mexico

56. Bloch K. Institute of Physics, FPEMT, 23kasia l@wp.pl 0 Poland

CZystochowa, Poland

57. Gondro J. FPEMT, CUT, Poland j.gondro@wp.pl 0 Poland

58. Goral Anna IMMS, PAS, Krakow, Poland a.goral@imim.pl 0 Poland

59. Korneva Anna IMMS, PAS, Cracow, Poland a.komiewa@imim.pl 0 Poland

60. Kowalczyk Maciej WUT, Warsaw, Poland maciej .kowalczyk@pw.edu.pl 0 Poland

61. Maziarz Wojciech IMMS, PAS, Krakow, Poland w.maziarz@imim.pl 0 Poland

62. Nabialek Marcin CUT, Czestochowa, Poland nrnarcell@wp.pl 0 Poland

63. Oleszak Dariusz Warsaw Univ. of Technology, Woloska dariusz.o leszak@pw.edu.pl 0 Poland

Warsaw, Poland

64. Pietrusiewicz P. FPEMT, Czestochowa Univ. of Tech., pietrusiewicz. pawel@wip.pcz.pl 0 Poland

Poland65. Sypien Anna IMMS, PAS, Krakow, Poland a.sypien@imim.pl 0 Poland

66. WojcikA. IMMS, PAS, Cracow, Poland a.wojcik@imim.pl 0 Poland

67. Zorawski W. LPRC, KUT, Poland ktrwz@tu.kielce.pl 0 Poland

68. Agustianingrum M. Yeungnam Univ., Gyeongbuk, RoK mayaputri@ynu.ac.kr P Republic of

- Kazakhstan

69. Ahn J. H. KIMS, Changwon, RoK jhahn@kims.re.kr .&~~~!~~ P Rep_ublicof

f( ":o'lt"'1,. .,7 ( « t ~ 1

~« ~ -., *\ ~ "';;615~ ~ .\ ic ~ ~ {;;' ~b.\~J~~~.,,~<::i

• OF rN')1r-..-

Kazakhstan

70. Dossumova B. SPTC, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan dossumova63@mail.ru 0 Republic ofKazakhstan

71. Hyun J. YonseiUniv, Seoul, RoK dfred1458@naver.com p Republic ofKazakhstan

72. Jodi D. E. Yeungnam Univ., Gyeongbuk, RoK dennisjodi@ynu.ac.kr p Republic ofKazakhstan

73. Kim Jeongsoo Yonsei Univ., Seoul, RoK namusloth@yonsei.ac.kr p Republic ofKazakhstan

74. Listyawan T. A. Yeungnam Univ., Gyeongbuk, RoK timothy@ynu.ac.kr p Republic ofKazakhstan

75. Shakiyeva T. SPTC, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan shakievatatyana@mail.ru 0 Republic ofKazakhstan

76. Tungatarova S.A. IFCE, Almaty, Kazakhstan tungatarova58@mail.ru 0 Republic ofKazakhstan

77. Yemelyanova Y. SPTC, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan niinhtm@rnail.ru 0 Republic ofKazakhstan

78. Boltynjuk Evgeniy Saint Petersburg State Univ., Saint e.boltynjuk@spbu.ru 0 Russia

Petersburg, Russia

79. Chaika V. IKBFU, Kaliningrad, Russia v chayka8@rambler.ru 0 Russia

80. Churyukanova M. NUST, Moscow, Russia mch@misis.ru 0 Russia

81. Corthay Shakti NUST, Moscow, Russia shakticorthay@protonmail.com P Russia

82. Golovin l.S. NUST, Moscow, Russia i.golovin@misis.ru 0 Russia

83. Golovnia O.A. IMP Ural Branch of the RAS, golovnya@imp.uran.ru 0 Russia

Ekaterinburg, Russia

84. Komarov V. NUST "MISiS", Moscow, Russian komarov@misis.ru 0 Russian

85. Nayak Y. NUST, Moscow, Russia nayakvignesh91 @gmail.com 0 Russia

86. Rempel S.Y. ISSC, Ural Branch of the RAS svetlana_rempel@ihim.uran.ru 0 Russia

Ekaterinburg, Russia87. Savina L. IKBFU, Kaliningrad, Russia LSavina@kantiana.ru 0 Russia

88. Sharma Adit NUST, Moscow, Russia adit15@yandex.com ~~ ~ P Russiart~~"'i-1~R~",~{j s ~ ~8 & ~\ .. ~ ~;:

89. Shchetinin Igor NUST, Moscow, Russia ingvar@misis.ru 0 Russia

90. Shkodich Natalia ISMAN, Chemogolovka, Russia n.f.shkodich@mail.ru 0 Russia

91. Valeeva Albina ISSC, RAS, Yekaterinburg, Russia anibla v@mail.ru 0 Russia

92. Narayan R.L. NTU, Singapore lakshmi.nr@ntu.edu.sg 0 Singapore

93. Saksl K. lnst. of Materials Research, SAS, Kosice, ksaksl@saske.sk 0 Slovak republic

Slovak republic

94. Choi Eun-Ae KIMS, Korea eunae.choi@kims.re.kr 0 South Korea

95. Han S.Z. KIMS, Korea szhan@kims.re.kr 0 South Korea

96. Kim Woo-Chul Younsei Univ., Seoul, Korea kkwoochul@yonsei.ac.kr P South Korea

97. Kim Yong Joo Yonsei Univ., Seoul, Korea dydepddl@naver.com P South Korea

98. Kong Kyeongho Yonsei Univ., Seoul, Korea ppasimi@naver.com P South Korea

99. Ondicho Ibrahim Yeungnam Univ., Gyeongsan-si, South onsomu32@gmail.com P South Korea

Korea100. Sathiyamoorthi P. PUST, Pohang, South Korea spravin88@gmail.com 0 South Korea

101. Garcia-Escorial A. CENIM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain age@cenim.csic.es 0 Spain

102. Medina-Clavijo B. CTCnanoGUNE, Donostia, Spain b.medina@nanogune.eu 0 Spain

103. Aboulfadl H. Chalmers Univ. of Tech., Goteborg, hisham.aboulfadl@chalmers.se 0 Sweden

Sweden104. Chen C.-L. NDHU, Taiwan chunliang@gms.ndhu.edu.tv.' 0 Taiwan

105. Balel6zge Koc Univ., istanbul, Turkey obalei@ku.edu.tr 0 Turkey

106. Bean Jonathan Univ. of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK jb2191 @cam.ac.uk 0 UK

107. Ivanov Iurii Univ. of Cambridge, UK ii243@cam.ac.uk 0 UK

108. Panagiotopoulos N. Univ. of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK np488@cam.ac.uk 0 UK

109. Stiehler M. E. SATM, Cranfield Univ., UK martin. stiehler@cranfield.ac.uk P UK

110. Nakonechna Olesya TSU, Kyiv, Ukraine les@univ.kiev.ua 0 Ukraine

111. Berlia R. Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ, USA rberlia~asu.edu p USA

112. Chatterjee D. UW-Madison, Madison, USA dchatterjee6@wisc.edu p USA

113. Chattopadhyay S. ECC, Elgin, USA soma. tifr@gmail.com 0 USA

114. Muley S. V. UW-Madison, Madison, US muley@wisc.edu ~- P USA

0: Oral; P: Poster P"~~~1L~1< \Jo.. ~ I

9 j .. ~ '0 ~1<}\ .;;;ll'3J,fc,,! 0~~Gl ~ ~£Ii~,~:~ pI2>\1Jl ' C,