quiz and get books! - davis.k12.ut.us race riot of 1898 •unfortunately, the successes of blacks to...
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Quiz and Get Books!
• 1. Founder of the National Association for
the Advancement of Colored People
(NAACP) who was against segregation.
• 2. What does it mean to Assimilate?
• 3. What are the Jim Crow Laws?
• 4. What is a Poll Tax?
• 5. Extra Points: Who was Jim Crow?
What is a Populist? • the common people—especially farmers
or anyone that advocates for the masses
and opposes control by elites
Nebraska State Historical Society, [Digital ID, e.g., nbhips 12036]
Where were the Populists? • Mostly in the South and West, the agricultural
and rural centers of the nation
Fred Hultstrand History in Pictures Collection, NDIRS-NDSU, Fargo; and F.A. Pazandak Photograph Collection, NDIRS-NDSU, Fargo.
When were the Populists? • Last quarter of the 19th Century; they began
forming around social clubs like the Grange,
labor-type organizations, like the Farmers
Alliance, and political organizations, like the
Greenbacks
How did the Populists become a
political party?
• The party formally
organized in St. Louis
in 1892 to represent
the interests of the
common folks and
defend them against
the railroads, bankers,
processors,
corporations, and the
politicians in league
with big business. Mark Hanna, McKinley’s campaign manager,
the industrialist’s friend.
http://projects.vassar.edu/1896/0711hw.html
What did Populists believe?
According to their founding statement, the Omaha Platform:
1. public/government ownership of the railroads, post offices, telephone, and telegraph systems
2. the free coinage of silver
3. a graduated income tax
4. government banks, not commercial banks
5. excess land held by railroads and foreign speculators
6. Monopolies
They also believed…
There should be more
democracy, so they
advocated
– Direct election of
senators
– Referendum and
Initiative (people
putting new laws
to a popular vote)
– Recall elections
– Secret ballots
Fred Hultstrand History in Pictures Collection, NDIRS-NDSU, Fargo; and F.A. Pazandak Photograph Collection, NDIRS-NDSU, Fargo.
The Who’s Who of Populism
• William
Jennings
Bryan,
perennial
presidential
candidate.
Ran 3 time
for president
www.wikipedia.org
The Who’s Who of Populism
• James Weaver
• 1892 Presidential candidate
www.wikipedia.org
The Who’s Who of Populism • This was one of the first parties to actively
include women (like Mary Lease) and
African-Americans (implored by southern
politician Tom Watson to join the
movement)
http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/eagle/c
ongress/congress.html
http://projects.vassar.edu/1896/watson.html
Wilmington Race Riot of 1898
• Unfortunately, the successes of blacks to win
office and thrive in the Populist Movement in NC
led white supremacist factions to retake power
by fraud and force in Wilmington and across the
state.
• When the riot was over, an unknown number of
blacks had been killed (perhaps several
hundred) and hundreds had been driven from
town, their property seized or destroyed by white
rioters.
Wilmington Race Riot 1898
http://www.mith.umd.edu/courses/amvirtual/wilmington/wilmington.html
1898 Wilmington Race Riot • This event marked a turning point for
blacks in the South.
• African-American political power was
diminished by restrictions on voting and
office holding, and their economic power
shrank as well.
http://www.pbs.org/jazz/time/time_jim_crow.htm
What happened to the Populists?
• Anyone who portrays him or herself to be
a champion of the common man is
considered a populist.
• However the power of the Populist Party
diminished and gradually faded after the
1896 election.
What about the Populists’ agenda?
• Many of the Populists’ ideals and goals
were achieved, if not by them, by others,
such as the Progressives.
http://rooseveltinstitution.org/about/roosevelts
So, what is the Populist legacy? • The secret ballot
• Initiative, referendum, recall elections
• 16th Amendment-income tax
• 17th Amendment-direct election of
senators
• Government regulation, if not ownership of
big businesses, like rail, communications,
and banks
• The US left the gold standard
Create Your Own Political
Cartoon • Create a list of 5 Populist issues most
prominent in these cartoons or in
Discussion.
• Students will create a political cartoon in
which they take at least one of these
issues and update it to show its
importance to Americans today
• Write a caption to explain the cartoon.