questions to think about as we learn how wwi - … to think about as we learn how wwi ... • why...

20

Upload: hoangnhu

Post on 08-Jun-2018

214 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Questions to think about as we learn how WWI started:

• How can new technology affect

warfare?

• Why did the war become a stalemate on

the Western Front?

• What led to the fall of the czarist regime

in Russia?

• What effect did peace settlements have

on Europe after World War I?

The BIG Idea

Competition Among Countries Militarism, nationalism, and a crisis in the Balkans led to World War I.

Should a country support one of its allies under all circumstances?

Section 1

Causes of the War Nationalism, militarism, and a system of alliances contributed to the start of World War I.

Alliances= Strength with friends

Section 1

• Two alliances were created dividing Europe along national lines.

– Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy

– Triple Entente: France, Great Britain, and Russia

Causes of the War (cont.)

Section 1

• Rivalries over colonies and trouble in the Balkans left European nations resentful of each other and eager for revenge.

• Nations began to adopt a policy of militarism, or a readiness for war. They established conscription to ensure an adequate supply of troops.

Causes of the War (cont.)

Section 1

• Nationalism resulted in ethnic groups who had not become nations dreaming about their own national states.

• Growing socialist labor movements encouraged leaders to enter the war in order to suppress internal disorder at home.

Causes of the War (cont.)

Section 1

The Outbreak of War

Serbia’s determination to become a large, independent state angered Austria-Hungary and started hostilities.

Serbia was determined to create a vast independent Slavic state, a vision supported by Russia and greatly opposed by Austria-Hungary.

Section 1

On June 28, 1914, Archduke Francis Ferdinand, the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, visited Sarajevo, Bosnia.

The Spark that started the war…

Section 1

• Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb, assassinated the archduke and his wife. Austria-Hungary was outraged and ready to wage war on the Serbian government.

The Outbreak of War (cont.)

• Gavrilo Princip,

• Was a member of he black hand.

• Fire two shots hitting Francis in the neck and his wife in the stomach.

• He was too young for the death penalty at 19 years and was sentence to 20 years in jail.

• Died of TB after 3 1/2years.

Section 1

• The Austrian government feared Russia would support Serbia so they asked Germany for their support.

• Emperor William II of Germany promised Austria-Hungary full support if war broke out with Russia.

The Outbreak of War (cont.)

Section 1

• On July 28, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia.

• In response to Austria-Hungary’s declaration of war, Russia’s Czar Nicholas II ordered mobilization of the Russian army in order to support Serbia.

• Germany reacted quickly and declared war on Russia.

The Outbreak of War (cont.)

Section 1

• General Alfred von Schlieffen of Germany designed a plan for a two-front war against Russia and France.

– Germany would conduct a small holding action against Russia.

– There would be a rapid invasion of France.

The Outbreak of War (cont.)

Section 1

• Great Britain declared war on Germany after von Schlieffen violated Belgian neutrality by demanding that German troops be allowed to pass through Belgium.

• By August 4, all the Great Powers of Europe were at war.

The Outbreak of War (cont.)

Section 1

Which countries did Great Britain align with at the beginning of the war?

A. Austria-Hungary and Germany

B. Germany and Russia

C. Russia and France

D. Serbia and Austria-Hungary

VS 1

RECAP THE BIG IDEAS.

• Nationalism contributed to the start of World War I, as rivals vied for colonies and trade.

• European nations increased the size of their militaries, heightening existing tensions.

• Serbia’s desire for an independent state angered Austria-Hungary.

The End

Next the War