questions and answers for pt

7/23/2019 Questions and Answers for PT

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Questions and Answers for PT

1. Which of the items listed below is NOT an advantage of the liquid penetrant test method

A. The method can find all types of discontinuities

B. The method is simple in principle and relatively easy to understand.

C. The method is essentially simple in application.

D. There are few limitations on the size and shape of the article that can be treated by this method.

2. When using post!emulsification penetrants" difficulties incurred during the washing operation can be overcome b#$

A. Reapplying a coat of emulsifier

B. Increasing the water pressure used during the washing operation

C. Completely reprocessing the part from surface preparation on and by using a longer emulsifier time.

D. Dipping the part in boiling water

3. %eveloper assists in the detection of penetrants retained in the discontinuities b# aiding the

A. Post cleaning process

B. Emulsification process

C. Bleed-out process

D. Drying process

4. Which of the following is a discontinuit# that might be found in rolled bar stoc&

A. Blow hole

B. Shrinkage lap

C. Crack or seam

D. Lack of penetration

5. When using a fluorescent" post!emulsifiable penetrant" the length of time the emulsifier is allowed to remain on the part is

critical when detecting shallow scratch li&e discontinuities. the best length of time should be$

A. 10 seconds

B. 5 seconds

C. 2 to 3 seconds

D. Determined by experimentation

6. Which of the following is not a recommended method of removing grease from a surface of a part to be penetrant tested

A. Vapor degreasing

B. Alkaline cleaner

C. Cleaning with solvent type material

D. Hot water rinse

7. When improper processing causes inspection difficulties" what should the inspector do

A. Swab parts with a solvent

B. Use a correct bleed-back procedure

C. Erase non-relevant fluorescence

D. Reprocess the part

8. Which of the following are t#pical of foreign matter which might bloc& the opening of discontinuities if the surface of the test

specimen is not properl# cleaned

A. Paint

B. Scale

C. Core and mold material

D. All of the above

9. Which of the following is a advantage of fluorescent penetrants over visible t#pe penetrants

A. The inspection can be carried out in a well lighted area

B. Small indications are more easily seen

C. They can be used where contact with water is objectionable

D. Less sensitive to contamination of discontinuities

10. 'mulsifier time$



A. Is important but not normally critical

B. The time needed to rinse the emulsifier and excess penetrant from the surface

C. Is extremely important and will greatly affect test results.

D. Should be as long as economically practical

11. Which of the following is a discontinuit# that might be found in forging

A. Shrinkage crack

B. Lap

C. Hot tear

D. Lamination

12. Aluminum allo# test specimens that have tested b# liquid penetrant method should be thoroughl# cleaned after testingbecause$

A. The acid in the penetrant may cause severe corrosion

B

.

The alkaline content of wet developer and most emulsifiers could result in surface pitting, particularly in moist

atmospheres.

C. The toxic residue from the test will severely inhibit the application of paint on aluminum alloys

D. A chemical reaction between the penetrant and aluminum could cause a fire because of internal combustion.

13. The penetrant indication of a cold shut on the surface of a casting will be$

A. A dotted or smooth continuous line

B. A cluster of small indications

C. A rough deep indication

D. A large bulbous indication14. Which of the following statements concerning contaminating materials on the surface of a part to be penetrant tested

is not true

A

.

The contaminant may be of a composition that attacks the penetrant and reduces the fluorescent or color of

the penetrant

B

.The contaminants may be of such a nature that they reduce or even prevent capillary action by the penetrant

C. The contaminant may retain the penetrant and thus increase the sensitivity of the inspection.

D. The contaminant may completely fill the crack and thus prevent the entry of penetrant

15. Which of the following is a discontinuit# that might be found in rolled plate stoc&

A. Shrinkage cracks

B. Inclusions

C. Forging lapsD. Blow holes

16. When performing a liquid penetrant test using solvent removable d#e penetrant" ther are several wa#s to remove e(cesspenetrant from the surface of the part. Which of the methods listed belowis generall# regarded as most suitable for givingaccurate test results

A. Squirting solvent over the surface with no more than 40 psi pressure

B. Wiping with a soaking wet cloth, then wiping with a dry cloth

C. Wiping with a solvent dampened cloth, then wiping with dry cloths

D. Wiping with dry paper wipes, then wiping with a solvent dampened cloth, and finally wiping with dry cloth

17. When conducting a penetrant test " spherical indications on the surface of a part could be indicative of$

A. Fatigue cracks

B. Porosity

C. Weld laps

D. Hot tears

18. Which of the following discontinuities might be found in a welded fabrication

A. Shrinkage

B. Lack of fusion

C. Seams

D. Laps

19. Which of the statements below concerning the operation of the blac& light bulbs of the mercur# arc t#pe is not true

A

.It takes about 5 minutes for the bulb to warm up to its full output when first turned on

B. The lamp may go out if the line voltage drops below 90 volts



C

.Line voltage variations above 120 volts will have little or no effect on the bulb

D

.

If for any reasons the arc is extinguished, the bulb will not immediately respond if the lamp is turned on right

after it has been turned off.

20. Which of the statements below appl# to the liquid penetrant method of testing

A. The penetrant test method is less flexible than eddy current test method

B

.

The penetrant test method is less reliable than the magnetic particle method for finding surface defects in

ferromagnetic materials.

C. The penetrant test method will not detect fatigue cracks.D

.

The penetrant test method is more reliable tha radioraphic testing when attempting to detect minute surface

discontinuities.

21. Which of the following discontinuities might be found in rolled plate

A. Laminations

B. Shrinkage

C. Lack of fusion

D. Undercut

22. Which of the following t#pes of discontinuities will not be detected b# the liquid penetrant test method

A. Surface laminations

B. Internal forging burst

C. Surface cracks

D. Surface laps

23. Which of the following discontinuities would be impossible to detect using a liquid penetrant test

A. Forging lap

B. Crater crack

C. Grinding cracks

D. Non-metallic internal inclusions

24. Which of the statements below best states the danger of using sandblasting for cleaning surfaces to be penetrant tested

A. The discontinuities maybe closed

B. Oil contaminants might be sealed in the discontinuities

C. The sand used in the sandblasting operation may be forced into the discontinuity

D. The sandblasting operation may introduce discontinuities into the part

25. Wh# is it advisable to have a blac& light installed at the wash station

A. So that inspection can be done without drying parts

B. To speed the bleeding of penetrant out of defects

C. To check the effectiveness of the wash cycle

D. To determine if parts have been covered with penetrant

26. Of the methods listed below" the most effective means of pre cleaning a test item prior to a penetrant test is

A. Vapor degreasing

B. Detergent cleaning

C. Steam cleaning

D. Solvent wiping

27. When viewing parts" fluorescent bac&ground ma# indicate$

A. Poor washing

B.Insufficient emulsifying time(post emulsification method)

C. Porous material and coating

D. Improper cleaning before penetrant cycle

E. All of the above

28. Which factor would appl# in determining the dwell time required for the penetrant to be effective

A. Type of discontinuity sought

B. Shape of part

C. Size of part

D. Surface roughness

29. %eveloping time depends on the$



A. Type of penetrant used

B. Type of developer used and type of discontinuity to be detected

C. Temperature of the material being used

D. All of the above

30. When penetrant testing titanium allo#s" the materials used in the penetrant s#stem should not contain an# constituent

quantities of$

A. Carbon or oil

B. Halogenated solvents

C. Emulsifier or oilD. Fluorescent agent

31. Which of the following is not a good practice when penetrant testing

A. Applying emulsifier by dipping the part in emulsifier

B. Appling developer by spraying the part with developer

C. Removal of water-washable penetrant with a water spray

D. Applying emulsifier with a brush

32. %r# developer should be applied $

A. So that a heavy coat of developer covers all surfaces

B. So that a light dusting covers all surfaces to be inspected

C. With a dry paint brush

D. By dipping

33. Which of the following is not a form in which penetrant developer is commonl# availableA. Dry developer

B. Non Aqueous developer

C. Wet developer

D. High viscosity developer

34. Which of the following discontinuities could be classified as a service induced discontinuit#

A. Fatigue crack

B. Porosity

C. Machine tear

D. Lap

35. Which of the following ph#sical properties" more than an# other" determines what ma&esa material a good penetrant

A. Viscosity

B. Surface tension

C. Wetting ability

D. No one single property determines if a material will or will not be a good penetrant

36. Which of the following contaminants could affect the sensitivit# of a penetrant

A. Acid

B. Water

C. Salts

D. All of the above

37. Which of the test part characteristics listed below are normall# considered before the specific liquid penetrant test methodis selected

A. The kind and size of discontinuities most likely to occur

B. The intended application for the part

C. The surface finish of the partD. All of the above

38. Which of the following is a purpose of the dr#ing process used in penetrant testing

A.The drying process is used to assure that all excess penetrant will

evaporate.

B.The drying process assures the uniform drying of dry developer

applied over a wet emulsifier

C. The drying process reduces penetration time

D.After the application of a wet developer , the drying time aids in securing a uniform developer coating

39. The penetrant indications of a forging lap will normall# be $



A. A round or nearly round indication

B. A cluster of indications

C. A continuous line

D. A dotted line

40. An important difference between non water!washable penetrants and water!washable penetrants is that$

A.Water-washable penetrants contain an emulsifier, while non waterwashable penetrants do not

B. The viscosity of the two penetrants is different

C. The color of the two penetrants is different

D.Non water-washable penetrants are more easily removed than arewater washable penetrants.

41. Which of the following is an advantage of solvent wipe methods over water!wasing

A. No special lighting is necessary during inspection

B. They provide a quicker penetration of small openings

C. Small indications are more easily seen

D. They can easily be carried out in the field and remote areas

42. Which of the following is a discontinuitit# that might be found in rolled bar stoc&

A. Blow holes

B. Shrinkage laps

C. Cracks and seams

D. Insufficient penetration

43. The part is an aluminum forging. desription!the indication is sharpe" half!moon shape" not deep" and is called a $

A. Lap

B. Center line porosity

C. Heat treat crack

D. False indication

44. Which of the following is a discontinuiti# that might be found in a forging

A. Shrinkage cracks

B. Laps

C. Cold shuts

D. Insufficient penetration

45. Which of the following is a possible cause for false penetrant indications

A. Excessive washing

B. Inadequate application of developer

C. Penetrant or part to cold during penetration time

D. Lint or dirt

46. Which of the following is the best reason wh# e(cessive dr#ing of a part is not desired

A. The extra time required is wasted

B. The developer may lose its blotting ability

C. A reduction in resolution may result

D. The excess developer may be difficult to remove

47. )lourescent materials used in flourescent penetrants respond most activel# to radiant energ#" of a wave length ofappro(imatel#$

A. 7,000 Angstroms

B. 250 KV

C. 3,650 Angstroms

D. 100 foot candles

48. The emulsifier is used$

A. To wash the penetrant out of discontinuities

B.As a aid in washing off the surface of parts when using either the water or oil soluble penetrants

C.To emulsify the oil-soluble penetrant, thereby making it water washable

D. To preclean parts before applying penetrant

49. The prime purpose of the blac&light for fluorescent penetrant inspection is$

A. To magnify indications

B. To make the indications visible



C. To develop indications

D. To speed up inspections

50. Water!washable liquid penetrants differ from post!emulsification penetrants in that water!washable penetrants$

A. Can only be used on aluminum test specimens

B.Need not be removed from the surfaces prior to development

C. Have a soapy base

D. Do not need the application of an emulsifier before rinsing

51. Which of the following is the best reason wh# the application of emulsifier b# a brush is not recommended

A.The brushing action mixes the emulsifier with the penetrant prematurely and irregularly, making accurate control of theemulsification time impossible

B.Brushing does not always completely coat the part, thereby leaving a portion of the part difficult to wash

C

.

Brushing in itself is not harnful,but many types of brush materials combine with the emulsifier agents resulting in penetrant

and part contamination.

D.Brushing results in a streaking appearance during inspection

52. %eveloping powder should alwa#s be$

A. Highly fluorescent

B. Applied wet

C. Colorless

D. Evenly applied

53. A crac& t#pe discontinuit# will generll# appear as$

A. A round indication

B. A continuous line, either straight or jagged

C. A straight, single solid line

D. Random round or elongated holes

54. Which of the following methods for appl#ing non!aqueous developer is normall# consideredmost effective

A. Spraying

B. Swabbing

C. Brushing

D. Dipping

55. Which of the following could be a source of false indications on a test specimen

A. Pentrant on the test table

B. Penetrant on the hands of the inspector

C. Contamination of dry or wet developer with penetrant

D. All of the above

56. Which of the following discontinuities might be found in sand castings

A. In complete penetration

B. Undercut

C. Pipe

D. Shrinkage

57. The part is an aluminum casting . %esricption!! the casting has a ver# comple( design. *n one section there is a flat areahaving a thic&ness of 1+, inch. *n the center of this areais a round section - inches thic& and 1 inch diameter. There arelinear indications about1+- the distance around the base where it oins into the thin section. the indicationsis termed$

A. Dross

B. Hot tear

C. MicroshrinkageD. Porosity

58. When penetrant testing for shallow discontinuities using a post!emulsification penetrant" the emulsification time should belong enough to$

A.Mix the emulsifier with all the penetrant on the the surface and in

discontinuities

B. Mix the emulsifier with penetrant in the discontinuities

C. Allow the emulsifier to dry out to a white powder

D. Mix the emulsifier with the excess surface penetrant only

59. The function of the emulsifier in the post!emulsification penetrant method is to$



A. More rapidly drive the penetrant into deep, tight cracks

B.React with the surface penetrant to make the penetrant water-washable

C. Add fluorescent dye or pigment to the penetrant

D.Provide a coating to which dry powder developer can adhere

60. The speed with which a penetrant penetrates a surface flaw is influenced to the greateste(tent b# which of the followingproperties

A. Density

B. Surface tension and wetting ability

C.Viscosity

D. Relative weight

61. Which of the following discontinuities could be classified as a primar# processing discontinuit# often found in castmaterial

A. Fatigue crack

B. Stress-corrosion

C. Porosity

D. Lack of penetration

62. Pentrant residues ma# become entrapped under splines" fasteners" rivets" etc. Which of the following is the most li&el#reaction caused b# such a residue.

A.Corrosion caused by the moisture attracted by such residues

B. Paint stripping

C. Fatigue cracking

D. Lattiice structure breakdown63. Which of the following characteristics are normall# considered when selecting the t#pe of penetrant to be used in a

penetrant test

A. Removal characteristics of the penetrant

B. The flash point of the penetrant

C. The cost of the penetrant

D. All of the above

64. %eveloper assists in the detection of the visible d#e penetrant test method b#$

A. Providing a clean surface

B. Providing a contrasting background

C. Providing a dry surface

D. Emulsifying the penetrant bleed-out

65. /eection or acceptance of parts should be based on which of the following " in absence of written acceptance criteriaA. The inspector's education

B. The design of the part and its intended application

C. The appropriate penetrant standard

D. The selection of the penetrant

66. 0hrin&age crac&s are usuall# found in what areas of a casting

A. Thin sections only

B. Heavy sections only

C. Abrupt changes in thickness

D. No longer a problem

67. The tendenc# of a liquid penetrant to enter a discontinuit# is primaril# related to$

A. The viscosity of the penetrant

B. The capillary forcesC. The chemical inertness of the penetrant

D. The specific gravity of the penetrant

68. The term non!relevant indication is used to describe certain t#pes of penetrant testing indications. which of the followingwould be a t#pical non!relevant indication

A.Indications due to part geometry or part design configurations

B. Nonmagnetic indications

C. Multiple indications

D. Non-linear indications

69. The part is a 1+- inch thic& aluminum plate with a veeweld. desription! the indication appears in an area that is somewhatdish shaped. the indication e(tends out from the center in a spo&e formation. the indication is$



A. Shrinkage

B. Non-relevant

C. A quench crack

D. A crater crack

70. A continuous line indication can be caused b# which of the following discontinuities

A. Porosity

B. Slag inclusions

C. Pitting

D. Cracks71. Which of the following is most apt to render the post!emulsification test ineffective

A. Too long of a pentrant time

B. Too long of a developing time

C. Too long of an emulsifying time

D. None of the above

72. Which of the following discontinuities could be classified as a finishing processing discontinuit#

A. Fatigue crack

B. Stress-corrosion

C. Lamination

D. Heat treat crack

73. A commonl# used method of chec&ing on the overall performance of a penetrant material s#stem is b#$

A. Determining the viscosity of the penetrant

B. Measuring the wettability of the penetrant

C. Comparing two sections of artifically cracked specimens

D. All of the above

74. Which of the following is an advantage of visible d#e over fluorescent penetrants

A. Small indications are easily seen

B. They can be used on anodized and chomate surfaces

C. They make less background on rough surfaces

D. No special lighting is required

75. Prior to penetrant testing ot a previousl# machined soft metal part" which of the the cleaning methods listed below wouldbe best remove an# smeared metal that could mas& discontinuities

A. Etching

B. Shot peeningC. Alkaline cleaning

D. Water cleaning with detergents

76. Which of the following discontinuities might be found in rolled bar stoc&

A. Shrinkage

B. Bleedout

C. Laps

D. Undercut

questions and answers for pt

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