query languages for graph databases

7/30/2019 Query Languages for Graph Databases

1/11

S}mxw Ecbn}cnm| ikx Nxcpd Jczchc|m|

Pmzmx Z" ^kkjJmpcxzombz ki Lkop}zmx \lgmblm cbj Gbikxoczgkb \w|zmo|% Hgxahmla% ]bgymx|gzw ki Ekbjkb

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zgnczmj |kom 8= wmcx| cnk" ^gzd o}ld l}xxmbz jczc% |}ld

c| egbamj jczc kb zdm ^mh cbj |klgce bmz~kxa jczc% hm/

gbn nxcpd/|zx}lz}xmj% zdmxm dc| hmmb c xmlmbz xm|}xnmblm

gb gbzmxm|z gb nxcpd s}mxw ecbn}cnm|" ^m pxkygjm c hxgmi

|}xymw ki ocbw ki zdm nxcpd s}mxw ecbn}cnm| zdcz dcymhmmb pxkpk|mj% ikl}||gbn kb zdm lkxm i}blzgkbcegzw pxk/

ygjmj gb zdm|m ecbn}cnm|" ^m ce|k lkb|gjmx g||}m| |}ld

c| mtpxm||gym pk~mx cbj zdm lkop}zczgkbce lkopemtgzw

ki s}mxw myce}czgkb"

3" GBZXKJ]LZGKB

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2/11

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dc|^kb% Bkhme cbj Hkkamx cxm lkb|zcbz|" Zdg||wbzct g| xmogbg|lmbz ki Jczcekn% mtlmpz zdcz czko|gb zdm hkjw jk bkz dcym pxmjglczm bcom| |gblm kbewc |gbnem nxcpd g| hmgbn s}mxgmj1 gbjmmj% zdm czko|

cxm |gogecx zk zdm zxgpem pczzmxb| }|mj gb \PCXSEQ


3/11

^gzd zdm pxkegimxczgkb ki jczc kb zdm ^mh $m"n"%gb zdm ikxo ki egbamj jczc'% gz g| em|| egamew zdcz }|mx|~gee hm icogegcx ~gzd zdm zmxo| cbj |zx}lz}xm }|mj%~dgld gb cbw lc|m ~gee ce|k hm okxm dmzmxknmbmk}|"Gb |}ld |gz}czgkb|% s}mxgm| zdcz pmxogz mtghem Q:8%=3_ kx cppxktgoczm oczldgbn Q_" Zdm jczc okjme }|mj hwzdm|m ecbn}cnm| g| zdcz ki c echmeemj% jgxmlzmj nxcpd"Gb N% c s}mxw g| c |mz ki pcgx| ki nxcpd|% mcld pcgxlkopxg|gbn c pczzmxb nxcpd cbj c |}oocxw nxcpd"Zdg| pcgx ki nxcpd| m||mbzgceew xmpxm|mbz| c LXPS%~gzd c |mz ki |}ld pcgx| hmgbn gbzmxpxmzmj c| jg|/

f}blzgkb" NxcpdEkn xmpeclmj zdm |}oocxw nxcpd~gzd c jg|zgbn}g|dmj mjnm% c| |dk~b gb Ign}xm 8"NxcpdEkn ce|k cjjmj mjnm gbymx|gkb% bmnczgkb cbjcnnxmnczgkb i}blzgkb| $\mlzgkb


4/11

ecbn}cnm g| lkopk|gzgkbce1 zdm xm|}ez ki c s}mxw kbc |gzm nxcpd g| cbkzdmx |gzm nxcpd" Kblm cncgb% xmn/}ecx pczd mtpxm||gkb| cxm }|mj% h}z hmlc}|m zdmxmg| c bmmj zk lxmczm nxcpd| lkxxm|pkbjgbn zk ~mh|gzm|% bm~ lkb|zx}lz| cxm bmmjmj" Zdm|m gble}jm zdmegba lec}|m ~dgld lxmczm| c bm~ nxcpd ixko mtg|zgbn

nxcpd|% }|gbn \akemo zmxo| ikx bm~ bkjm|"]bSE g| c i}blzgkbce s}mxw ecbn}cnm ikx |mog|zx}l/z}xmj jczc hc|mj kb |zx}lz}xce xml}x|gkb Q3


5/11

lkbf}blzgym s}mxw $LS' S kymx c ffibgzm cepdchmz g| cb mtpxm||gkb ki zdm ikxo6

cb|$v3% " " " % vb'

3go

$tg% cg% wg' $8'

|}ld zdcz o 2 0% mcld tg cbj wg g| c bkjm ycxgchem

kx lkb|zcbz $3 g o'% mcld cg

$3 g o'%cbj mcld vg g| |kom tf kx wf $3 g b% 3 f o'"Zdm czko cb|$v3% " " " % vb' g| zdm dmcj ki zdm s}mxw%~dgem zdm mtpxm||gkb kb zdm xgndz ki zdm cxxk~ g| gz|hkjw" Zdm s}mxw S g| Hkkemcb gi gz| dmcj g| ki zdmikxo cb|$'% g"m" b ? 0"

Emz t ? $t3% " " " % to'% w ? $w3% " " " % wo' cbj v ?$v3% " " " % vb'" Zdm |mocbzgl| ki LS| S ki zdm ikxo$8' cxm jmffibmj c| ikeek~|" Emz hm c ocppgbn ixkot% w zk zdm |mz ki bkjm| ki c nxcpd N ? $Y% M' ~dgldg| zdm gjmbzgzw kb lkb|zcbz|" m jmffibm c xmeczgkb$N% ' u? S ~dgld dkej| g $$tg'% cg%$wg'' M%ikx 3 g o" Zdmb S$N' g| zdm |mz ki z}pem| $v'

|}ld zdcz $N%% ' u? S" GiS g| Hkkemcb% ~m emz S$N'hm zx}m g $N% ' u? S ikx |kom "

]|gbn zdm mtcopem nxcpd N ixko Ign}xm 3% zdmikeek~gbn LS ffibj| c}zdkx| hkxb gb \k}zd Cixglc~dk dcym ~kb hkzd zdm Bkhme cbj Hkkamx pxgvm|6

cb|$t' $t% dc|^kb% Bkhme'%$t% dc|^kb% Hkkamx'%$t% hkxbGb% \k}zdCixglc'

Mcld LS ki zdm ikxo |dk~b gb $8' g| ikxo}eczmj~gzd xm|pmlz zk c |gbnem nxcpd cbj xmz}xb| c |mz kihgbjgbn| ikx mcld bkjm ycxgchem ombzgkbmj gb zdmdmcj ki zdm s}mxw" Dk~mymx% gb |kom cppeglczgkb

cxmc|% zdm jczchc|m zk hm s}mxgmj lkopxg|m| c |mz kinxcpd|% cbj zdm cb|~mx zk c s}mxw g| zdm |}h|mz kinxcpd| gb ~dgld c oczld g| ik}bj $m"n"% gb hgkekn/glce cppeglczgkb|'" Kzdmx ecbn}cnm| ceek~ |gbnem kxo}ezgpem nxcpd| zk hm s}mxgmj cbj xmz}xb zdm |mz kioczldgbn |}hnxcpd| Q% :


6/11

C| cb cezmxbczgym zk zdm |mocbzgl| jmffibmj chkym%~m ogndz gb|zmcj ~cbz zk oczld kbew |gopem pczd|gb N zdcz |czg|iw zdm xmn}ecx mtpxm||gkb x" C pczd g| |gopem gi bk bkjm g| xmpmczmj kb " Zdm Xmn}/ecx \gopem Pczd Pxkhemo lcb zdmb hm |zczmj c|%ngymb c nxcpd N% c pcgx ki bkjm| t cbj w gb N cbj

c xmn}ecx mtpxm||gkb x% g| zdmxm c |gopem pczd ixkot zk w |czg|iwgbn x; Gz z}xb| k}z% dk~mymx% zdcz zdmXmn}ecx \gopem Pczd Pxkhemo g| BP/lkopemzm%mymb ikx ffitmj xmn}ecx mtpxm||gkb| Q=8_"

Lkbf}blzgym xmn}ecx pczd s}mxgm| Mtzmbj/gbn xmn}ecx pczd s}mxgm| hw ceek~gbn lkbf}blzgkb| kiczko| wgmej| zdm lec|| ki lkbf}blzgym xmn}ecx pczds}mxgm| Q39% 84_" C lkbf}blzgym xmn}ecx pczd s}mxw$LXPS' S kymx g| cb mtpxm||gkb ki zdm ikxo

cb|$v3% " " " % vb'

3go

$tg% xg% wg' $:'

gb ~dgld cee ycxgchem| cxm c| ikx c LS% mtlmpz zdczmcld xg g| bk~ c xmn}ecx mtpxm||gkb kymx " Zdms}mxw ki Ign}xm 8 lkxxm|pkbj| zk c LXPS"

Emz t% w cbj v hm jmffibmj c| ikx LS|% cbj N ?$Y% M' hm c nxcpd" Zdm |mocbzgl| ki LXPS| Ski zdm ikxo $:' cxm jmffibmj cbceknk}|ew zk zdcz ikxLS|% ~gzd hmgbn c ocppgbn ixko t% w zk Y" Zdmxmeczgkb $N% ' u? S dkej| g% ikx 3 g o% zdmxmmtg|z| c pczd g gb N ixko $tg' zk $wg' |}ld zdcz$g' E$xg'" Bk~ S$N' g| jmffibmj c| ikx LS|"


7/11

hm jmlecxmj zk hm c |}hpxkpmxzw ki pxkpmxzw h% ~dgld~m jmbkzm hw c h" Z~k pxkpmxzw |ms}mblm| }cbj y cxm lceemj /g|kokxpdgl gi cbj kbew gi } ?}3% " " " % }b cbj y ? y3% " " " % yb% ikx |kom b% cbj }g yg kx yg }g ikx mymxw g b Q4_" Bkjm| t cbj w cxmlceemj /g|kC||klgczmj g t cbj w cxm zdm kxgngb| ki

z~k /g|kokxpdgl pxkpmxzw |ms}mblm|"Igbjgbn /g|kC||klgczmj bkjm| lcbbkz hm mtpxm||mj}|gbn c LXPS% bkz emc|z hmlc}|m jkgbn |k xms}gxm|ldmlagbn zdcz z~k pczd| cxm ki ms}ce embnzd" Dk~/mymx% pcgx| ki /g|kokxpdgl |ms}mblm| lcb hm mt/pxm||mj }|gbn zdm xmn}ecx xmeczgkb X ngymb hw zdmmtpxm||gkb

c%h6 $chhc'$c% h'

" Cb MLXPS

xmz}xbgbn pcgx| ki bkjm| t cbj w zdcz cxm /g|k/C||klgczmj lcb zdmb hm ~xgzzmb c| ikeek~|6

cb|$t% w' $t% 3% v3'% $w% 8% v8'% X$3% 8'

Pczd ycxgchem| gb cb MLXPS lcb ce|k hm }|mj zkxmz}xb zdm clz}ce pczd| ik}bj hw zdm s}mxw% c omld/

cbg|o ik}bj gb zdm s}mxw ecbn}cnm| pxkpk|mj gb Q8%4%


8/11

ikeek~gbn Jczcekn pxknxco Q80_6

emb$t%t%t% 0' jg|z$t %w %e'emb$t%t%t% 0' jg|z$w %t %e'emb$t %v%w %j' |p$t %v%|'%jg|z$v % w % e'% j ? | ! e|p$t%w%ogb$j'' emb$t %v%w %j'

Pxmjglczm emb$t %v%w %j' |pmlgffim| zdcz zdmxm g| c pczdki embnzd j ? | ! e ixko t zk w ygc v% ~dmxm zdmembnzd ki zdm |dkxzm|z pczd ixko t zk v g| | cbj zdmjg|zcblm ixko v zk w g| e"

C| ombzgkbmj gb \mlzgkb 8% \klce\lkm Q=_ pxk/ygjm| bkjm cnnxmnczgkb cbj mjnm cnnxmnczgkb" Zdmxm|}ez ki cnnxmnczgkb lcb hm xmpxm|mbzmj c| c bm~czzxgh}zm ki c bkjm kx mjnm gb zdm nxcpd" ^gzd zdmdmep ki c }|mx/jmffibmj i}blzgkb ikx jmffibgbn |gogecx/gzw hmz~mmb }|mx|% Q=_ |dk~| dk~ cnnxmnczm i}bl/zgkb| lcb hm }|mj zk mtpxm|| lkeechkxczgym ffiezmxgbnkb zxcyme xmlkoombjczgkb|"


9/11

c||}om zdcz cppxktgoczgkb| cxm |pmlgffimj hw omcb|ki c ~mgndzmj xmn}ecx zxcb|j}lmx" \}ld c zxcb|j}lmxlcb hm xmpxm|mbzmj hw c xmn}ecx mtpxm||gkb jmffibmjkymx zxgpem| ki zdm ikxo $c %a%h'% ~dgld |pmlgiw zdczc lcb hm xmpeclmj hw h ~gzd lk|z a"

C ~mgndzmj zxcb|j}lmx Z ? $\Z%% Z% \0Z % IZ'

lkopxg|m| c ffibgzm |mz ki |zczm| \Z% cb gbp}z+k}zp}zcepdchmz % c |mz ki gbgzgce |zczm| \0Z % c |mz ki ffibce|zczm| IZ% cbj c zxcb|gzgkb xmeczgkb Z \ZB \Z" C zxcb|gzgkb $|%c %a%h %z' |pmlgffim| zdczgi zdm zxcb|j}lmx g| gb |zczm | cbj xmcj| |wohke c%gz k}zp}z| |wohke h cz lk|z a cbj okym| zk |zczm z"

C| |zczmj gb \mlzgkb


10/11

cbj $_ lkb|gjmxmj zdm xme/czgym mtpxm||gym pk~mx ki bcygnczgkbce nxcpd s}mxwecbn}cnm| h}gez ixko zdm kpmxczkx| gjmbzgzw% }bgkb%

lkopk|gzgkb% gbzmx|mlzgkb% |mz jgmxmblm% pxkfmlzgkb%lk/pxkfmlzgkb $yce}m| t |}ld zdcz zdmxm jkm| bkz mt/g|z c w |}ld zdcz $t% w' g| gb zdm xm|}ez ki |kom mt/pxm||gkb'% lkbymx|m $g"m"% gbymx|m'% zxcb|gzgym lek|}xm%cbj zdm jgymx|gzw xmeczgkb $cee pcgx| ki }bms}ce lkb/|zcbz| gb zdm clzgym jkocgb'" Zdmw pxkygjm c lko/pemzm lkopcxg|kb gb zmxo| ki mtpxm||gym pk~mx% hkzdikx pczd s}mxgm| cbj Hkkemcb s}mxgm|"

Zdm NKKJ s}mxw ecbn}cnm pxkygjm| ikx nxmczmxmtpxm||gym pk~mx zdcb zdm kzdmx ecbn}cnm| lkb|gj/mxmj chkym" Gb Q744:8%

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Q30_ P" Hcxlmek% L" C" D}xzcjk% E" Eghagb% cbj P" Z" ^kkj"Mtpxm||gym ecbn}cnm| ikx pczd s}mxgm| kymxnxcpd/|zx}lz}xmj jczc" Gb PKJ\% pcnm| 9330%8000"

Q3:_ E" Lchghhk" Zdm mtpxm||gym pk~mx ki |zxczgffimj eknglpxknxco| ~gzd yce}m gbymbzgkb" Gbi" Lkop}z"%3:>$3'688=9% 3774"

Q3=_ J" Lceycbm|m% N" jm Ngclkok% O" Embvmxgbg% cbjO" W" Ycxjg" Xm~xgzgbn ki xmn}ecx mtpxm||gkb| cbjxmn}ecx pczd s}mxgm|" F" Lkop}z" \w|z" \lg"%9:$


11/11

Xml}x|gym s}mxgm| ~gzdk}z xml}x|gkb" Gb MJ\% pcnm|% 8007"

Q:3_ B" Goomxocb" Ecbn}cnm| zdcz lcpz}xm lkopemtgzwlec||m|" \GCO F" Lkop}z"% 39$:'6>90>>4% 374>"

Q:8_ W" Acbvc cbj W" \cngy" Iemtghem s}mxgm| kymx|mog|zx}lz}xmj jczc" Gb PKJ\% pcnm| :0=3% 8003"

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Q:9_ V" Eclxkgt% D" O}xzdw% I" Bc}ocbb% cbj E" Xc|ldgj"Egba| cbj pczd| zdxk}nd egim |lgmblm| jczc |k}xlm|" Gb

JGE\% pcnm| 8089"

Q:4_ ]" Em|mx" C s}mxw ecbn}cnm ikx hgkeknglce bmz~kxa|"Hgkgbikxoczgl|% 83$8'6_ F" Pmxmv% O" Cxmbc|% cbj L" N}zgmxxmv" b\PCXSE6 Cbcygnczgkbce ecbn}cnm ikx XJI" Gb G\^L% pcnm|9943% 8004"

Q=4_ C" Pk}ekyc||geg| cbj O" Emymbm" C bm|zmj/nxcpd okjmeikx zdm xmpxm|mbzczgkb cbj ocbgp}eczgkb ki lkopemtkhfmlz|" CLO ZKG\% 38$3'6

query languages for graph databases

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