queens arcade shopping centre, cardiff

Queens Arcade Shopping

Centre, Cardiff

Outline Noise Planning Report

For Sapphire QAC HOLDING S.E.N.C

Date: 6 July 2021

Doc ref: QAC-HYD-ZZ-XX-RP-Y-1001

Queens Arcade Shopping Centre, Cardiff| Sapphire QAC HOLDING S.E.N.C | Outline Noise Planning Report | QAC-HYD-ZZ-XX-RP-Y-1001 | 6 July 2021 i

DOCUMENT CONTROL SHEET

Issued by Hydrock Consultants Limited Merchants House North Wapping Road Bristol BS1 4RW United Kingdom

T +44 (0)117 9459225 E [email protected] www.hydrock.com

Client Sapphire QAC HOLDING S.E.N.C

Project name Queens Arcade Shopping Centre, Cardiff

Title Outline Noise Planning Report

Doc ref QAC-HYD-ZZ-XX-RP-Y-1001

Project no. C-12310

Status S2

Date 06/07/2021

Document Production Record

Issue Number P01 Name

Prepared by Nicholass Rowswell BSc MIOA

Checked by Vince Taylor

Approved by Chris Borak

Document Revision Record

Issue Number Status Date Revision Details

P01 S2 06/04/2021 Issue for Comment.

P02 S2 06/07/2021 Issue for Planning

Hydrock Consultants Limited has prepared this report in accordance with the instructions of the above named

client for their sole and specific use. Any third parties who may use the information contained herein do so at

their own risk.

Queens Arcade Shopping Centre, Cardiff| Sapphire QAC HOLDING S.E.N.C | Outline Noise Planning Report | QAC-HYD-ZZ-XX-RP-Y-1001 | 6 July 2021 ii

CONTENTS

NOISE PLANNING REPORT........................................................................................................................................ 1

Queen's Arcade Shopping Centre ............................................................................................................................ 1

1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 1

2. OUTLINE DESCRIPTION OF THE DEVELOPMENT ......................................................................................... 2

3. PLANNING POLICY ....................................................................................................................................... 4

4. NOISE SURVEY ............................................................................................................................................. 7

5. SURVEY RESULTS ......................................................................................................................................... 9

6. NOISE MODELLING ................................................................................................................................... 11

7. DELIVERY ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................................. 15

8. ENTERTAINMENT AND WORSHIP NOISE ................................................................................................... 23

9. BUILDING FABRIC MITIGATION ................................................................................................................. 27

10. EXTERNAL AMENITY AREAS....................................................................................................................... 30

11. MECHANICAL PLANT AND SERVICES ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE EMMISSIONS........................................... 31

12. SUBSTATION NOISE CONTROL .................................................................................................................. 33

13. CONSTRUCTION PHASE ............................................................................................................................. 34

14. OPERATIONAL DEVELOPMENT TRAFFIC NOISE ......................................................................................... 35

15. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................................ 36

Tables

Table 1: Noise Exposure Categories ......................................................................................................................... 5

Table 2: Noise Exposure Category Descriptions ....................................................................................................... 5

Table 3: IANL Criteria BS8233:2014 Noise Reduction in Buildings ........................................................................... 6

Table 4: Survey Equipment ...................................................................................................................................... 8

Table 5: Weather Data ............................................................................................................................................. 8

Table 6: Summary of LAeq Measured Noise Levels .................................................................................................... 9

Table 7: Summary of LAmax Measured Noise Levels ................................................................................................ 10

Table 8: Summary of LA90 Measured Noise Levels (mode) ..................................................................................... 10

Table 9: Measured Noise Levels from Delivery Cage Activity ................................................................................ 16

Table 10: Measured Noise Levels from Lorries Manoeuvring ................................................................................ 16

Table 11: Estimated Specific Noise Levels at the new development for BS 4142 assessment for DL1 .................. 18




Table 15: Music Noise levels .................................................................................................................................. 24

Table 16 Summary Outline of Music Noise mitigation using the Hotel North façade Incident noise levels .......... 26

Table 17 Office noise insulation meeting Music noise criteria ............................................................................... 26

Queens Arcade Shopping Centre, Cardiff| Sapphire QAC HOLDING S.E.N.C | Outline Noise Planning Report | QAC-HYD-ZZ-XX-RP-Y-1001 | 6 July 2021 iii

Table 18:: MVHR/Mechanical Services Noise Limits NR ......................................................................................... 29

Table 19:: MVHR/Mechanical Services Noise Limits dB LAeq, T ................................................................................ 29

Table 20: Proposed Plant Noise Limits ................................................................................................................... 31

Table 21: BS 8233 Internal Noise Limits - Residential ............................................................................................ 38

Table 22: BS 8233 Qualifying Notes ....................................................................................................................... 38

Table 23: Building Services Noise Criteria BCO Guide ............................................................................................ 39

Table 24 Outline Calculation of Break out Nosie from St John the Baptist Church ................................................ 53

Table 25 Break-in calculation Bedroom Night ........................................................................................................ 54

Table 26 Break-in calculation Bedroom Night (Music/Shouting) ........................................................................... 55

Table 27 Break-in calculation Living Room Day-General ........................................................................................ 56

Table 28 Break-in calculation Living Room Day-Music/Shouting ........................................................................... 57

Table 29 Noise Break in Calculation office ............................................................................................................. 58

Figures

Figure 1: Proposed Development Site...................................................................................................................... 2

Figure 2: Existing aerial view of Queens arcade with approximate development area in purple (base image

©Google 2021) ........................................................................................................................................................ 3

Figure 3: Measurement Positions ............................................................................................................................ 7

Figure 4: Noise Exposure Categories (Daytime 0700-2300) ................................................................................... 12

Figure 5: Noise Exposure Categories (Night Time 2300-0700) ............................................................................... 13

Figure 6 Noise exposure for offices as per BS8233 guidance ................................................................................. 14

Figure 7 Display of delivery points used for assessment and access ...................................................................... 15

Figure 8 Sound propagation from venues and receiver points used in table 16. ................................................... 25

Figure 9 Maximum music levels at Facades ........................................................................................................... 25

Figure 10 External Roof Terrace Amenity Assessment........................................................................................... 30

Figure 11: Noise time History Plot 26 February 2021 Monitoring Location 1 ........................................................ 44



Figure 14: Noise time History Plot 1 March 2021 Monitoring Location 1 .............................................................. 46




Figure 18: Noise time History Plot 1 March 2021 Monitoring Location 2 .............................................................. 48

Figure 19 Background Sound Level Distribution Week-day ML1 ........................................................................... 48

Figure 20 Background Sound Level Distribution Week-day night ML1 .................................................................. 49

Figure 21: Background Sound Level Distribution Week-day ML2 .......................................................................... 49

Figure 22: Background Sound Level Distribution Week-day ML2 .......................................................................... 50

Figure 23 3D view of south and east facing facades BS 8233 residential daytime values ...................................... 51

Figure 24 3D view of North and West facing facades BS 8233 residential daytime values .................................... 51

Figure 25 3D view of other North facing facades BS 8233 residential daytime values .......................................... 51

Figure 26 3D view of south and east facing facades BS 8233 residential Night-time values.................................. 52

Figure 27 3D view of North and West facing facades BS 8233 residential Night-time values ................................ 52

Figure 28 3D view of other North facing facades BS 8233 residential daytime values .......................................... 52

Queens Arcade Shopping Centre, Cardiff| Sapphire QAC HOLDING S.E.N.C | Outline Noise Planning Report | QAC-HYD-ZZ-XX-RP-Y-1001 | 6 July 2021 iv

Appendices

Appendix A Acoustic Design Guidance

Appendix B CEMP (Noise & Vibration)

Appendix C Noise Survey Data

Appendix D Acoustic Model 3D views

Appendix E Façade Emission Calculation

Appendix F Façade Immision Calculations

Queens Arcade Shopping Centre, Cardiff| Sapphire QAC HOLDING S.E.N.C | Outline Noise Planning Report | QAC-HYD-ZZ-XX-RP-Y-1001 | 6 July 2021 1

Noise Planning Report

Queen's Arcade Shopping Centre

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Overview

Hydrock Consultants has been appointed to provide acoustic consultancy services in relation to the proposed

redevelopment of the site at Queens Arcade Shopping Centre. The scheme comprises a mixed-use development

comprising residential, commercial and leisure floorspace.

Planning legislation and guidance documents have been consulted in order to undertake a noise measurement

survey on and around the proposed development site.

Prevailing noise levels have been established for use in the design development and planning application

processes.

This report presents details of the noise assessment method, available guidance and computer modelling

undertaken.

The assessment considers the acoustic impact of the proposed development on the neighbouring area and

potential noise impact from existing sources on the proposed development itself during the operational phase.

1.2 Covid-19 considerations

Guidance has been provided by the IOA (Institute of Acoustics) and ANC (Association of Noise Consultants) on

how to proceed in the varied "lockdown” scenario.

The site survey was conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic and whilst Wales was still in a “lockdown”

therefore it maybe appropriates to condition planning with a confirmatory survey and other acoustic design

measures as discussed during the pre-application consultation.

Careful consideration is given to current and future likely traffic flows and Hydrock have continued to

successfully support acoustic planning and design works.

The Cardiff night-time economy has not been operating during the pandemic and therefore modelling rather

than measurement on site has been used to determine the impact of this on the proposed dwellings. Hydrock

acoustic library data has been used for modelling noise levels from night time entertainment and commercial

premises patrons.

Public Domain (DEFRA) noise mapping data has been used to complement site survey assessments and model

noise from the A4161.

The background sound measurements are noted to align with previously submitted planning reports in the local

area. Firstly for The Ivy, 18 The Hayes, The Morgan Quarter, Cardiff (planning reference 19/01197/MNR), which

was pre-pandemic. The same can also be said of 10-25 Queen Street, Cardiff (planning reference

20/02636/MJR) which was during pandemic whilst Cardiff was in a local lockdown, but just prior to the national

2 week ‘firebreak’ lockdown introduced by the Welsh Government.


2. OUTLINE DESCRIPTION OF THE DEVELOPMENT

Outline Planning Permission is sought (all maters reserved except access) for a mixed-use development comprising of a series of buildings for residential, commercial and leisure floorspace (Use Classes A1, A2, A3, B1, D2, C1, C3 and Sui Generis) with associated access and landscaping/ public realm/ open space provision. Full Planning Permission and Listed Building Consent is sought for the change of use and alterations to No. 24 & 26 Queen Street Chambers, Queen Street to commercial use (Use Class B1), and Conservation Area Consent for demolition of the existing Queens Arcade buildings.

The proposed development site is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1: Proposed Development Site


Figure 2: Existing aerial view of Queens arcade with approximate development area in purple (base image ©Google 2021)

Queen St. Arcade

A4161

St John the Baptist Church

St David’s Concert Hall

Live Lounge


3. PLANNING POLICY

3.1 Planning Policy Wales, 2021

Planning Policy Wales (PPW), Edition 11, February 2021, sets out the land use planning policies of the Welsh

Government.

The primary objective of which is to "ensure that the planning system contributes towards the delivery of

sustainable development and improves the social, economic, environmental and cultural well-being of Wales."

PPW provides the following guidance with regards to noise:

“6.7.12 Planning authorities must consider current and future sources of air and noise pollution as part of

developing their strategies for locating new development. The pattern of proposed development should be

informed by the sensitivity of, and compatibility of, uses in relation to the sources of airborne pollution and the

importance of ensuring appropriate soundscapes. Green infrastructure provision will be an important means of

addressing the cumulative impacts of air and noise pollution and soundscapes on individuals and society and

provide benefits for social and ecosystems resilience..

6.7.13 When developing strategies, proposing or assessing development proposals it will be essential to

understand the implications of the transport demand associated with the proposal and the effect this may have

now and in the foreseeable future. When proposing to introduce a development activity into an area the impacts

which existing pollution sources (including roads, railways and industrial or commercial operations) have in

terms of air and noise pollution should be carefully considered, particularly taking into account any increases in

pollution levels which may be reasonably expected in the foreseeable future as a result of increased transport

activity.

6.7.14 Proposed development should be designed wherever possible to prevent adverse effects to amenity,

health and the environment but as a minimum to limit or constrain any effects that do occur. In circumstances

where impacts are unacceptable, for example where adequate mitigation is unlikely to be sufficient to safeguard

local amenity in terms of air quality and the acoustic environment it will be appropriate to refuse permission.”

3.2 Technical Advice Note (Wales) 11: Noise (TAN 11)

TAN11 provides specific guidance on noise with regards to development, Paragraphs 8 and 9 refer to noise

generating developments:

‘Local planning authorities must ensure that noise generating development does not cause an unacceptable

degree of disturbance. They should also bear in mind that if subsequent intensification or change of use results in

greater intrusion, consideration should be given to the use of appropriate conditions.

‘Noise characteristics and levels can vary substantially according to their source and the type of activity involved.

In the case of industrial development, for example, the character of the noise should be taken into account as

well as its level. Sudden impulses, irregular noise or noise which contains a distinguishable continuous tone will

require special consideration… The impact of noise from sport, recreation and entertainment will depend to a

large extent on frequency of use and the design of facilities.’

With regards to traffic noise, a change in road traffic noise of 1 dB in the short term (e.g. when a project is

opened) is the smallest that is considered perceptible. In the long term (typically 15 years after project

opening), a 3-dB change is considered perceptible. These figures correspond to a 27.5% increase in the short

term and a 100% increase in the long term.


Due to the size of the project, it is not considered that the development will result in such an increase in road

traffic and therefore impact will be negligible or less.

Any fixed plant and services will be suitably controlled as per BS4142:2014.

Paragraph 10 states the following:

‘Local planning authorities should consider whether proposals for new noise-sensitive development would be

incompatible with existing activities, taking into account the likely level of noise exposure at the time of the

application and any increase that may reasonably be expected in the foreseeable future. Such development

should not normally be permitted in areas which are, or are expected to become, subject to unacceptably high

levels of noise and should not normally be permitted where high levels of noise will continue throughout the

night.’

Noise exposure categories (NECs) are used to determine the noise likely to affect a proposed residential

development during both day and night-time hours.

Table 1 provides the corresponding noise exposure category criteria in comparison to the measured noise levels

during both a day and night:

Table 1: Noise Exposure Categories

Noise Levels (1) corresponding to the Noise Exposure Categories for New Dwellings LAeq,T dB

Noise Exposure Category

Noise Source A B C D

Mixed Source

0700-2300 hours <55 55-63 63-72 >72

2300-0700 hours <45 45-57 57-66 >66

(1) Noise levels: the noise level(s) (LAeq,T) used when deciding the NEC of a site should be representative of typical conditions. (2) Night-time noise levels (2300-0700): sites where individual noise events regularly exceed 82dB LAmax (S time weighting) several times in any hour should be treated as being in NEC C, regardless of the LAeq,8H (except where the LAeq,8H already puts the site in NEC D).

As stated in Technical Advice Note (TAN) 11:

“The NEC procedure is applicable where consideration is being given to introducing residential development into

an area with an existing noise source, but not the reverse situation where new noise sources are to be introduced

into an existing residential area.”

Local planning authorities should then have regard to the advice in the appropriate NEC, as below:

Table 2: Noise Exposure Category Descriptions

Noise Exposure Categories

A Noise need not be considered as a determining factor in granting planning permission, although the noise level at the high end of the category should not be regarded as desirable.

B Noise should be taken into account when determining planning applications and, where appropriate, conditions imposed to ensure an adequate level of protection.

C Planning permission should not normally be granted. Where it is considered that permission should be given, for example, because there are no alternative quieter sites available, conditions should be imposed to ensure a commensurate level of protection against noise.

D Planning permission should normally be refused.


As the proposed development is residential the NEC categories are relevant to the development in terms of

incident noise impact from existing sources.

3.3 BS 8233:2014 Offices/Retail Concourse/Communal Atriums

BS 8233:2014 proposes design ranges for acceptable internal ambient noise levels in various space types and

use classes. The design noise levels are for the combination of external noise intrusion and noise from

continuous internal noise sources such as building services and mechanical plant. The measurements should not

include internally generated noise from users.

Internal noise levels should be measured in terms of LAeq,T over a normal working day e.g. 8hrs (0900-1700hrs).

The internal ambient noise level (IANL) design ranges outlined in BS 8233:2014 are outlined in Table 1.

Table 3: IANL Criteria BS8233:2014 Noise Reduction in Buildings

Room Type Criteria dB LAeq, T

Executive Office 35-40

Corridor / Circulation Space 45-55

Cafeteria / Canteen / Kitchen 50-55

3.4 Local Policy

The development is located within the administrative boundaries of Cardiff City Council. The relevant sections of

the Cardiff Local Development Plan are included below:

Policy H5: SUB-DIVISION OR CONVERSION OF RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES

“Proposals for any conversion to flats or Houses in Multiple Occupation will be permitted where: …There would be

no material harm to the amenity of existing, nearby residents by virtue of general disturbance, noise or

overlooking.”

Policy EN13: AIR, NOISE, LIGHT POLLUTION AND LAND CONTAMINATION

“Development will not be permitted where it would cause or result in unacceptable harm to health, local

amenity, the character and quality of the countryside, or interests of nature conservation, landscape or built

heritage importance because of air, noise, light pollution or the presence of unacceptable levels of land

contamination.”


4. NOISE SURVEY

4.1 Methodology

A noise survey of the site was undertaken over the period of 26 February 2021 to 1 March 2021 to measure

background sound levels in the area and noise levels effecting the proposed dwellings. The noise measurement

locations are shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3: Measurement Positions

Measurements were undertaken in accordance with the guidance outlined in BS 4142:2014 and BS 7445-

1:2003.

Measurement positions were in free field, i.e. at least 3.5m from building facades.

Measurements were taken 1.5m above the ground/flat-roof.

A wind shield was fitted to the monitoring equipment at all times.

Details of the monitoring locations and equipment used are provided in Table 2.

A4161

ML1

ML2


Table 4: Survey Equipment

Monitoring Location

Equipment Used Type of

Measurement Time

Interval Description of Noise

Climate Manufacturer Instrument Type

Serial No. / Version

Position 1

Rion

Sound Level Meter

NL52 775959

Long term unattended

5 min Dominated with plant,

some bird sounds Pre-

Amplifier NH25 54394

Microphone UC59 11689

Position 2

Rion

Sound Level Meter

NL52 775960

Long term unattended

5 min

Mostly plant but also overlooking west

entrance to Queens St. Arcade thus more

pedestrian and transport noise

Pre-Amplifier

NH25 76077

Microphone UC59 11690

Pre-Amplifier

ZC 0032

23772

Microphone 4189 3005149

Position 1 & 2

Rion Acoustic

Calibrator NC74 35157401 Calibration N/A

94.0 dB @ 1kHz, drift within normal tolerances

A record of the weather conditions as published by www.timeanddate.com is presented in Table 5.

Table 5: Weather Data

Period Mean Temperature Degrees Celsius

Events Wind Speed m/s

Prominent Wind Direction

26 February 2021 9 Clear 5 N

27 February 2021 9 Clear 5 N

28 February 2021 10 Clear 11 E

1 March 2021 4 Overcast 11 E

Although recorded wind speeds during the survey did occasionally exceeded 5 m/s as measured at the local

weather station, wind noise did not appear to significantly affect measurements. This may be due to the

screening effect of other buildings and building features in the proximity of the measurement positions. Wind

speeds may not have exceeded 5m/s at the microphone positions despite higher wind speeds at the weather

station.

There was no rainfall recorded during the survey.


5. SURVEY RESULTS

5.1 Long Term Measurements

Three main acoustic parameters were measured using a time interval of 5 minutes for Position 1 and Position 2

as described below.

• LAeq,T dB, defined as the ‘A’ weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level. Over a defined

time period ‘T’, it is the sound pressure level equivalent to the acoustic energy of the fluctuating

sound signal. It is often referred to as the ‘ambient noise level’.

• LAmax,F,T dB, defined as the ‘A’ weighted maximum sound pressure level that occurred during the

time period ‘T’ acquired using a ‘fast’ time weighting (i.e. a sample every 125ms). It is commonly

used to describe the highest noise level that occurred during an event such as a vehicle pass-by.

• LA90,T dB, defined as the ‘A’ weighted sound pressure level exceeded for 90% of the measurement

period ‘T’. It is a statistical parameter and cannot be directly combined with other acoustic

parameters. It is generally used to describe the prevailing background noise level.

The noise level time histories over the full measurement period for each day at both positions is presented in

Appendix B.

A summary of the 16-hour daytime (0700hrs to 2300hrs) and 8-hour night time (2300hrs to 0700hrs) LAeq,T for

both positions are presented in Table 6. The LAeq,T levels presented are the logarithmic average of the measured

LAeq,5minute values for the period.

Table 6: Summary of LAeq Measured Noise Levels

Measurement position

Period Friday,

26 Feb 2021 Saturday,

27 Feb 2021 Sunday,

28 Feb 2021 Monday,

1 March 2021 Overall

ML 1

Daytime LAeq (16hour*) dB

52 (1130-2300)

51 49 52

(0700-1100) 51

Night time LAeq (8hour*) dB

49 48 51 - 50

ML 2

Daytime LAeq (16hour*) dB

49 (1250-2300)

50 51 52 51

Night time LAeq (8hour) dB

48 47 53 - 50

Note: *Unless otherwise indicated.

Table 7 presents a summary of the average LAmax levels during daytime (0700hrs to 2300hrs), and the levels

exceeded 10 times during night time (2300hrs to 0700hrs).


Table 7: Summary of LAmax Measured Noise Levels


Period Friday,


27 Feb 2021 Sunday,

28 Feb 2021 Monday,

1 March 2021

Position 1

Daytime LAmax dB

86 (1130-2300)

79 79

(0700-1100) 78

Night time LAmax dB

77 83 75 -

Position 2

Daytime LAmax dB

71 (1130-2300)

73 93 76

(0700-1100)

Night time LAmax dB

83 70 77 -

Table 8 presents a summary of the modal average LA90 levels during daytime (0700hrs to 2300hrs) and during

night time (2300hrs to 0700hrs) unless otherwise stated. The mode is taken from logged values for 5-minute

periods. Background sound level distribution plots can be found in Appendix C.

Table 8: Summary of LA90 Measured Noise Levels (mode)


Period Friday,


27 Feb 2021 Sunday,

28 Feb 2021 Monday,

1 March 2021 Overall

ML 1

Daytime LA90 (mode) dB

48 (1130-2300)

48 46 50

(0700-1100) 48

Night time LA90 (mode)dB

43 43 43 n/a 43

ML 2

Daytime LA90 (mode)dB

46 (1130-2300)

43 44 49

(0700-1100) 46

Night time LA90 (mode)dB

42 42 42 n/a 42


6. NOISE MODELLING

6.1 Noise Mapping

In order to determine the noise levels on the proposed development site, a noise model has been created using

DataKustik CadnaA environmental noise prediction and mapping software.

The noise model included data from the long-term noise monitoring measurements for calibration purposes.

However, much of the fixed plant and services active during the survey will be removed to facilitate the

development.

In addition, due to Covid-19, adjacent commercial developments are in various states of shut down with regards

to fixed plant and services. On this basis additional modelling based on aerial roof stop inspections have been

incorporated into the modelling process.

Existing fixed plant and services have been considered a key noise source and are widespread in areas adjacent

to the development. Therefore, plant noise has been considered “anonymous”. It is therefore reasonable to

include this in the ambient noise modelling assessment, rather than consider it as a specific commercial noise

source.

General shopping, retail, evening commercial entertainment, pedestrian and patron noise has also been

considered in the Building Emulation modelling undertaken.

The following assumptions regarding modelling have been included in the assessment:

• General plant noise associated with adjacent retained developments has been identified by class/type.

• Appropriate noise levels have been selected for each plant item:

» Chiller units have been modelled on the basis of a sound power level of 103.5dB LAw

» "Side Firing" Condensing units have been modelled on the basis of a Sound Power Level of 75dB

LAw.

» "Top Firing" Condensing Heat Pumps have been modelled on the basis of a Sound Power level

of 83.5dB LAw.

» Proposed new substations have been modelled on preliminary basis of a Sound Pressure Level

of 73dBA Sound Power Level , further consideration is given in the relevant section regarding

substations.

Patron noise has been included in the modelling assessment, and has been based on a Sound Power Level of

63dB LAw per m2 calibrated to an area source within pedestrianised areas.

Noise sources considered not to be anonymous are: commercial deliveries and entertainment noise from

venues. These have been assessed in subsequent sections and are not included in the ambient noise models.

Note: Additional outline mitigation recommendations have been provided for substation noise control in the

relevant section of this report as there will be specific design requirements to protect residential amenity.


6.2 Noise Exposure Categories

Following TAN 11 guidance, maps showing the Noise Exposure Categories across the site during day time and

night time are provided in Figures 4 & 5. The presented façade noise levels are the highest level at any height

above ground.

Figure 4: Noise Exposure Categories (Daytime 0700-2300)


Figure 5: Noise Exposure Categories (Night Time 2300-0700)

The majority of the site falls into NEC Categories B and C.

The recommendation for Category B states:

“Noise should be taken into account when determining planning applications and, where appropriate, conditions

imposed to ensure an adequate level of protection”

The recommendation for Category C States:

"Planning permission should not normally be granted. Where it is considered that permission should be given, for

example, because there are no alternative quieter sites available, conditions should be imposed to ensure a

commensurate level of protection against noise.".


6.3 BCO Guidance

Figure 6 shows noise levels at each façade of the commercial provision. The levels indicated are the highest

façade level at any height above ground. 3D images showing noise levels at different heights are included in

Appendix E. The highest noise levels are at ground floor facades.

Figure 6 Noise exposure for offices as per BS8233 guidance


7. DELIVERY ASSESSMENT

Noise levels from existing and proposed commercial activity have been assessed. Contributions from deliveries

and fixed plant are assessed separately. This has been done for day (0700 to 2300 hours) and night (2300 to

0700 hours) time periods. Assessment locations are the nearest and least obstructed point on the proposed

building facade.

7.1 Prediction of Specific Sound Level from Deliveries

Figure 7 shows each primary Delivery Locations (DL). The access from the main road is also identified for DL1

and DL2 (i.e. AL1 & AL2). The existing access is not shown for DL3 and DL4, it is assumed that this will remain

from Bridge Street.

Figure 7 Display of delivery points used for assessment and access

For DL1 and DL2 it is assumed that vehicles cannot pass through the narrow passageway to the service area of

the proposed buildings and vehicles would have to be unloaded/loaded from the street. DL1’s most effected

receptor would be the proposed residential flats facing Queens Street. DL2’s nearest receptor is the hotel

facing Working St.

DL3 is the stage door of St David’s Hall with its nearest receptor being the rear of the hotel’s south facing

façade. DL4 is a delivery point for another commercial property and its nearest receptor is the south facing

façade of the residential flats.

Noise sources associated with deliveries and collections on the site are expected to be as follows:

DL1

DL2

AL1

AL2

DL3

DL4


• Retail storage cage movement;

• Lorry movements;

• Lorry engines idling.

Retail HGV delivery and storage and delivery produce cage movement activity has been measured previously by

Hydrock Consultants. The measured noise levels are presented in Table 9.

The measurements were made at various distances but have all been normalised to a stated distance.

Table 9: Measured Noise Levels from Delivery Cage Activity

Location Duration (seconds) Description LAeq, dB @ 3m

Sainsburys

132 Tailgate Down, Three cages to Tailgate 67

102 Tailgate Down, Cages off into Store 64

132 Tailgate Down, Three cages to Tailgate 67

102 Tailgate Down, Cages off into Store 64

Hydrock library noise data of lorries manoeuvring in service yards are presented in Table 10. Most

measurements included audible reversing warnings. Again, these measurements have been normalised to a

distance of 10m.

Table 10: Measured Noise Levels from Lorries Manoeuvring

Location Description LAeq, dB @ 10m

Warehouse

17 tonne rigid lorry manoeuvring slowly (including airbrakes) 67

17 tonne lorry idling 62

17 tonne Lorry manoeuvring slowly 67

Sainsbury’s Articulated HGV Arriving 67

BS4142:2014 requires noise from the commercial activity to be assessed over 1 hour during the day, and 15

minutes during the night.

It has been assumed that daytime deliveries could occur once an hour at any time between 07:00-23:00 and

survey analysis has indicated that they also occur in the early morning (considered night-time under

BS4142:2014) between 06:00- 07:00, lasting around 30 minutes.

For each delivery location the noise level at the nearest proposed receptor has been predicted. The calculation

is set out in Table 9 and 10, below. The following noise sources are considered:

• An articulated lorry pulling in to the delivery depot and manoeuvring into a loading bay;

• Lorry idling for a short time;

• Hand moved cage unloading from rear of the vehicle for a period of 5 minutes outside the building.

The following assumptions are made:

• A lorry will take approximately 11 seconds to drive from the site entrance to a loading bay (based on

27m driving distance to rear of the store and 2.2m/s on site speed);

• One lorry will be manoeuvring during the assessment period;

• Lorries will typically allow the engine to idle for no more than 60 seconds after pulling into a bay;

• Storage and delivery cages may be moved from the vehicle for a period of 7-8mins.


The prediction of distance attenuation is based on the ISO 9613:1996 method and assumes hard ground and no

screening.

The assessment incorporates a correction for impulsiveness from delivery roll cages and HGV tail lifts as well as

the potential for tonal reverse alarms.

BS 4142:2014 requires an assessment uncertainty. Uncertainty relating to the source noise levels is primarily

due to the estimated intensity of activity. I.e. more vehicles arriving simultaneously would result in higher noise

levels. However, this is considered unlikely with the current delivery yard layout. However, for robustness an

HGV has been used for each delivery point when for most points a transit style van is more likely to be used.

On the next page is a summary break down of the calculation used in the BS4142:2014 assessment for each

delivery point.


7.1.1 Queens St. access point (DL1)

Table 11: Estimated Specific Noise Levels at the new development for BS 4142 assessment for DL1

Day

Noise Source Source Noise Level

(LAeq, dB)

Reference Distance

(m)

On-time (seconds)

Ontime correction

(dB)

Average Distance to

Receptor (m)

Receptor Noise at First Floor Level

(LAeq, dB)

Lorry Manoeuvring into position

67 10 10 -26 17 37

Lorry idling 67 10 60 -18 17 45

Tailgate Down, Three cages to Tailgate

67 3 132 -14 17 38

Tailgate Down, Cages off into Store

64 3 102 -15 17 33


67 3 132 -14 17 38


64 3 102 -15 17 33

Specific noise level at receptor (LAeq 1 hour , dB) 47

Correction for impulsiveness incorporated to result, dB 3

Correction for tonality incorporated to result, dB 2

Calculated plant noise rating level, LAr,Tr dB 52

BS 4142:2014 plant noise rating level background criterion, LA90 dB (07:00-23:00) 53

Excess over background -1

Night


(LAeq, dB)

Reference Distance

(m)

On-time (seconds)

Ontime correction

(dB)

Average Distance to

Receptor (m)

Receptor Noise at First Floor Level

(LAeq, dB)


67 10 10 -20 17 43

Lorry idling 67 10 60 -12 17 51


67 3 132 -8 17 44


64 3 102 -9 17 39


67 3 132 -8 17 44


64 3 102 -9 17 39





BS 4142:2014 plant noise rating level background criterion, LA90 dB (Night) 48

Excess over background +10

Note: Using background survey data from Hunters planning report 10-25 Queen Street, Cardiff (Planning

reference 20/02636/MJR).


7.1.2 Working St. Access Point (DL2)


Day


(LAeq, dB)

Reference Distance

(m)

On-time (seconds)

Ontime correction

(dB)

Average Distance to

Receptor (m)

Receptor Noise at First Floor

Level (LAeq, dB)


67 10 10 -26 11 41

Lorry idling 67 10 60 -18 11 48


67 3 132 -14 11 41


64 3 102 -15 11 37


67 3 132 -14 11 41


64 3 102 -15 11 37







Night


(LAeq, dB)

Reference Distance

(m)

On-time (seconds)

Ontime correction

(dB)

Average Distance to

Receptor (m)

Receptor Noise at First Floor

Level (LAeq, dB)


67 10 10 -20 11 47

Lorry idling 67 10 60 -12 11 54


67 3 132 -8 11 47


64 3 102 -9 11 43


67 3 132 -8 11 47


64 3 102 -9 11 43







Note: Using background survey data from Hunters planning report 10-25 Queen Street, Cardiff (Planning

reference 20/02636/MJR).


7.1.3 St David’s Hall Stage Door (DL3)


Day


(LAeq, dB)

Reference Distance

(m)

On-time (seconds)

Ontime correction

(dB)

Average Distance to

Receptor (m)

Receptor Noise at 2nd Floor

Level (LAeq, dB)


67 10 10 -26 35 31

Lorry idling 67 10 60 -18 35 38


67 3 132 -14 39 30


64 3 102 -15 39 26


67 3 132 -14 39 30


64 3 102 -15 39 26







Night


(LAeq, dB)

Reference Distance

(m)

On-time (seconds)

Ontime correction

(dB)

Average Distance to

Receptor (m)


Level (LAeq, dB)


67 10 10 -20 35 37

Lorry idling 67 10 60 -12 35 44


67 3 132 -8 39 36


64 3 102 -9 39 32


67 3 132 -8 39 36


64 3 102 -9 39 32







Note: Using background survey data from ML2 of this report’s Survey


7.1.4 Existing Commercial (DL4)


Day

Noise Source Source

Noise Level (LAeq, dB)

Reference Distance

(m)

On-time (seconds)

Ontime correction

(dB)

Average Distance to

Receptor (m)


Level (LAeq, dB)


67 10 10 -26 41 29

Lorry idling 67 10 60 -18 41 37


67 3 132 -14 41 30


64 3 102 -15 41 26


67 3 132 -14 41 30


64 3 102 -15 41 26







Night


(LAeq, dB)

Reference Distance

(m)

On-time (seconds)

Ontime correction

(dB)

Average Distance to

Receptor (m)


Level (LAeq, dB)


67 10 10 -20 41 35

Lorry idling 67 10 60 -12 41 43


67 3 132 -8 41 36


64 3 102 -9 41 32


67 3 132 -8 41 36


64 3 102 -9 41 32







Note: Using background survey data from ML1 of this report’s survey


7.2 BS 4142:2014 Noise Impact Assessment – Deliveries Contextual Analysis

The highest delivery noise rating level is 3dB above the existing background sound level at first floor level during

the day and +14dB at night. From BS4142:2014 the advice is as follows: “A difference of around +10 dB or more

is likely to be an indication of a significant adverse impact, depending on the context.”. The context in this case

is as follows:

The delivery locations would not be new noise sources in the area.

The predicted noise levels are objectively low in magnitude in an urban context and would be below

BS8233:2014 recommended internal noise levels inside a new dwelling even with open windows assuming -

15dB loss for an open window.

In addition, the character of noise from vehicles manoeuvring is not dissimilar from the road traffic noise which

forms part of the existing noise climate in the vicinity and is a normal part of inner-city noise climates. The retail

uses will serve an important role in the area and convenient close proximity will likely be a reason why people

may consider moving into the new properties.

Existing commercial noise tends not to be as disturbing to new residents, due to expectation and awareness of

the local vicinity amenities. Whereas introduction of new commercial noise source is more likely to result in

complaint.

With regards to the early morning/late night assessment of potential deliveries (06:00-07:00) it is also

considered that early morning is less sensitive than in the first part of the night when people are trying to get to

sleep.

Therefore, in consideration of the context as set out above, the rating level of +3 dB above the existing day

background sound level, and +14dB above the night time background sound level (during the early morning

period considered) despite being above background sound levels is still considered in real terms to represent a

“low impact” in terms of BS 4142:2014.


8. ENTERTAINMENT AND WORSHIP NOISE

8.1 Overview

The Cardiff’s Environmental health officer responded at the pre-application stage and identified entertainment

and worship noise as requiring assessment. Hydrock has identified the following buildings/venues which could

be recommencing music noise generating activates upon the cessation of lockdown.

• Live Lounge

• St David’s concert Hall

• St John the Baptist Church.

Although occasional open-air concerts can take place in the grounds of Cardiff Castle and the Principality

Stadium these are subject to temporary event licences (TENs) per season or event and therefore are not a

permanent source of noise impact.

It would be the responsibility of the organisers of events to submit and operate to their music noise

management plan as agreed with the Local Authority to demonstrate that short term impacts can be suitably

controlled or mitigated throughout such events.

It has not been possible to measure entertainment and worship noise directly as all venues have been closed

over the past months to control the COVID-19 pandemic.

Typical events have therefore been modelled with an appropriate sound pressure level and spectrum from

library data. For example, a live rock band containing significant low frequency spectral sound content.

8.2 Local Venue Summary

The Live Lounge venue is approximately 80m from the proposed Queens Street residential buildings. It is

understood that this building has been used for music events regularly before the pandemic, with a late licence

running until 4am every night. Although the main focus of the venue is live music it also hosts DJ nights. It has

been modelled as an east facing façade as well as the narrow-angled façade facing north east which includes

lobbied doors.

St David's Hall is the National Concert Hall and Conference Centre of Wales and is approximately 40m from the

development. It is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff as well as other classical orchestral performances it

also is host to a multitude of other live entertainment including: pop, rock, folk, jazz, rhythm and blues, comedy,

children's shows, lunchtime concerts, musicals, light entertainment, dance, world music and films. Based on

inspection of publicly available drawings during the construction phase, the roof and four of the six sides of the

building has been modelled as concrete without glazing to performance areas.

St John the Baptist Church is a Grade I listed parish church, the only church dating to pre-Medieval times in

Cardiff city centre, it is approximately 24m to the development at the closest point. To our knowledge there is

no evidence of modern electrified “Christian rock” style music being played in the church.

The expected music type as discussed with the EHO from Cardiff City council is expected to be choir and

chamber music therefore given the distance, the music being played would be insignificant when contained

within the church. However, in the possible case that this changes and the church does hold electrified music

events this has also been assessed.


Each façade of the noise generating venues has been assessed and approximate dimensions measured. Noise

emitted by the venue building facades has been predicted using a simplified BS EN ISO 12354-4:2017 calculation

which was then used to generate a noise model using CadnaA software.

The assumed internal music noise levels at each venue and the predicted external noise levels incident at

sensitive receptors are presented in Table 16, below.

Table 15: Music Noise levels

Description Octave bands (Hz, Lp dB) Broadband dBA 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000

Assumed Internal levels

Live Lounge 112 107 101 100 96 93 90 102

St Johns Church 99 94 88 87 83 80 77 89

St David’s Concert hall 110 105 99 98 94 91 88 100

Predicted external music noise levels at most affected point on proposed façade

Offices (West façade) 7.5m high

66 56 46 37 29 32 22 45

Hotel North Façade (7.5m high)

63 52 41 33 25 28 17 41

Hotel (West Façade) 7.5m high

62 49 39 31 23 25 15 39

Hotel (South façade) 10.5m high

54 44 38 29 18 9 -1 34

Residential (North Façade) 7.5m high

50 39 28 21 12 3 -7 28

The external music noise levels at sensitive receptors are predicted using the CadnaA building evaluation tool.

The below building evaluation assessment indicates the proposed development façade incident noise levels due

to music noise assuming all local venues operating simultaneously.

Predicted sound propagation and façade music noise levels are depicted in Figures 8 and 9 below.


Figure 8 Sound propagation from venues and receiver points used in table 16.

Figure 9 Maximum music levels at Facades

Residential North

Office West

Hotel West

Hotel North

Hotel South


A summary of music noise break-in calculations to the proposed accommodation are presented in Table 16 &

17. Façade sound insulation requirements to achieve NR20 internally have been identified. The calculations

assume a 9.6m2 total façade surface area and a 3mx4mx2.4m master bedroom and 3.1m2 of glazing.

Table 16 Summary Outline of Music Noise mitigation using the Hotel North façade Incident noise levels

Table 17 Office noise insulation meeting Music noise criteria

In both assessments and on the basis of the proposed design strategy noise levels below NR20 due to music

noise can be achieved with suitable mitigation detailed below in Section 9.

8.3 Church Bell Tower

Note: The Bell Tower would not be considered a significantly disturbing noise source in an urban or rural

context, and is part of the ambient noise climate in close proximity to a heritage building.

New residents would not be surprised by the presence of this sound source, in addition mitigation measures to

control other more significant noise sources would be sufficient to prevent disturbance from the bell tower

when required.

dB(A)

63 125 250 500 1 k 2 k 4 k

Spectrum Adjustment Terms (Leq) 22.1 10.5 0.3 -7.7 -15.7 -13.1 -23.6 41

Adjusted Spectrum (Leq) 63.1 51.5 41.3 33.3 25.3 27.9 17.4 41.0

K 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

Leq

,ff Measured Leq

Measured spectrum

Term LabelOctave band centre frequency (Hz)

Incident noise levels

F -21.6 -32.9 -35.8 -45.1 -52.0 -51.2 -60.4

Room Absorption 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

G 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7

Calc Tolerance T 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

L+F+G+K+T 50.2 27.3 14.2 -3.1 -18.0 -14.6 -34.3 24.3Leq

Internal Leq,2

Calculated Internal Noise Levels

10 Log (B+C+D+E)

A (furnished)

10 log (S/A)

NR20: 51.0 39.0 31.0 24.0 20.0 17.0 14.0

Complies with Noise Rating Curve? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Cardiff Music Noise criteria

dB(A)

6 3 1 2 5 2 5 0 5 0 0 1 k 2 k 4 k

Spec t rum Adj ust ment Terms (L eq) 2 1 . 3 1 1 0 . 9 -7 . 2 -1 5 . 2 -1 2 . 3 -2 2 . 8 4 6

Adjusted Spectrum (Leq) 6 7 . 3 5 7 4 6 . 9 3 8 . 8 3 0 . 8 3 3 . 7 2 3 . 2 46.0

K 3 3 3 3 3 3 3Le

q,f

f Measured Leq

Measured spectrum

Term L abelOc t ave band c ent re frequenc y (Hz)

I nc ident no ise levels

F -22.2 -32.1 -32.0 -39.9 -49.2 -51.9 -60.5


G 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6


L+F+G+K+T 5 3 . 7 3 3 . 5 2 3 . 5 7 . 5 -9 . 8 -9 . 6 -2 8 . 7 2 8 . 2

NR30 / Exec. Office 35-40dB 5 9 . 0 4 8 . 0 4 0 . 0 3 4 . 0 3 0 . 0 2 7 . 0 2 5 . 0 3 5 . 0

Complies with Noise Rating Curve? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Conference room Criteria

Leq

Internal Leq,2

Calc u lat ed I nt ernal No ise L evels

10 Log (B+C+D+E)

A (furnished)

10 log (S/A)


9. BUILDING FABRIC MITIGATION

9.1 Overview

An assessment of key noise sources associated with the existing and future noise climate at the propose site has

been undertaken, inclusive of:

• Static commercial fixed plant and services;

• Commercial deliveries and HGV activity;

• Pedestrian noise;

• Commercial, entertainment and music venue noise.

9.2 Residential/Hotel Living Rooms and Bedrooms

The highest incident noise levels resulting at proposed dwellings from all sources can be mitigated when using:

• Mechanical ventilation and heat recovery (MVHR);

• Glazing with a minimum sound reduction index of 37 Rw for Living Rooms.

• Glazing with a minimum sound reduction index of 41 Rw for Bedrooms.

• Non-glazed façade element with a preliminary minimum sound insulation performance of 53Rw.

This assumes a 9.6m2 total façade surface area and a 3mx4mx2.4m master bedroom with 3.1m2 of glazing.

The same room dimensions were used for the daytime living room calculation. A full calculation can be found in

Appendix F. Low specifications may be viable at parts of the building with lower levels of external noise.

Detailed specification for every part of the building is outside the scope of this assessment and not necessary to

determine site suitability for outline planning purposes.

Based on consultation with the design team the provision of MVHR is considered desirable for purposes of

providing modern energy efficient homes. The additional benefit is that noise ingress can more readily be

controlled with this strategy.

9.3 New Building Aparthotel

Similar design measures, as noted above for habitable rooms, would be warranted for the aparthotel also

proposed as part of the development.

9.4 New Commercial Premises

Offices and commercial retail will typically be mechanically ventilated, ultimately internal noise level design

requirements for these demises might be informed by BS8233:2014 or specific future tenant requirements.

Detailed assessments should be undertaken at the appropriate design stage. Generally cellular offices will have

similar design requirements to residential living rooms (35dB LAeq, T) and as such a higher specification of glazing

(circa 37dB Rw) might be warranted, dependant on operational circumstances i.e., Day/Night usage and end

user requirements.

Open plan office, atria, and concourse areas have much less onerous design requirements with respect to

internal ambient noise levels (45-55dB LAeq, T). As such, typical thermal double glazing or monolithic laminate

glazing circa 34dB Rw is expected to be suitable to control noise ingress.. With a façade sound insulation

performance for non-glazed areas of circa 54dB Rw would be suitable for these areas.


9.5 Listed Buildings-Commercial Offices

For listed buildings being converted to commercial offices, where existing glazing is part of a listed façade, it is

likely new secondary internal glazing would be required to provide suitable sound insulation without causing

visual impact. Performance would be advised in line with other commercial areas as identified above, with new

glazing being provided to achieve an overall performance of circa 37dB Rw (dependant on existing internal noise

levels experienced outside of the Covid-19 lockdown).

Sound insulation mitigation measures such as new internal sound insulative linings may also be advised to the

building fabric subject to structural and acoustic investigation, this is outside the scope of a planning

assessment.

On advisement from the mechanical services engineer it is anticipated the building will be mechanically

ventilated or have mechanical ventilation with heat recovery. Louvres grilles and vents will be expected to

terminate on non-listed facades, or via new building elements to the rear.

9.6 Other design considerations

Alternative façade constructions, glazing and sound insulation values may be suitable dependant on developed

building layouts and apartment configurations.

Suitability would be subject to detailed assessment and further calculations at the appropriate design stage.

The above recommendations constitute a demonstration of site suitability and at the dilated design stage the

recommended specifications may change particularly with regard to the specification at upper floor levels,

where noise levels may be reduced particularly from pedestrians at night.

9.7 Ventilation Design Commentary

For non-acoustics reasons relating to energy efficiency of the building, MVHR units may be provided to each

apartment to facilitate provision of temperate fresh air and capture of waste heat from extracted air.

On this basis no trickle ventilator design requirements are provided. It should be noted that the provision of

MVHR does not preclude the opening of windows by occupants. However, a typical MVHR system may reduce

the frequency with which windows of habitable rooms need to be opened to control overheating.

Noise generated by the MVHR system will be designed to achieve internal ambient noise levels in new

apartments below the internal ambient noise level design guidelines from BS8233:2014.

Based on guidance within the AVO guide (Acoustics ventilation and overheating) and European research

undertaken in Finland related to mechanical ventilated buildings, the level of resident dissatisfaction with

internal noise levels rises to as much as 20% at NR25 and above (from mechanical systems). Proposed limits for

internal noise from mechanical ventilation systems at background ventilation rates are presented in Table 18 &

19.


Table 18:: MVHR/Mechanical Services Noise Limits NR

MVHR/Mechanical Services Internal Noise Limits - Residential

Activity Location Daytime (07:00-23:00)

NR Night-time (23:00-07:00)

NR

Resting/Sleeping Living room/Bedroom 20 20

Table 19:: MVHR/Mechanical Services Noise Limits dB LAeq, T

MVHR/Mechanical Services Internal Noise Limits - Residential


dB LAeq, 16 hour Night-time (23:00-07:00)

dB LAeq, 8 hour

Resting/Sleeping Living room/Bedroom 25 25

It should be noted if the above design targets are achieved mechanical services will generally be inaudible

relative to other noise sources. Compliance with design criteria should be verified via calculations by the

acoustician at the detailed design stage.

Note it is expected that "boosted" purge or summertime overheating control modes may exceed the above

design criteria by +5dB and still be acceptable for occasional use.

9.8 Residential Ventilation Purge and Overheating Considerations

9.8.1 Purge Ventilation Requirements

The use of opening windows for rapid purge ventilation (i.e. to expel paint fumes or burnt toast odours as per

Approved Document F) is acceptable at all facade. This is on the basis that windows will be opened for short

periods and may be closed as occupant discretion once odours are purged.

9.8.2 Relief of Summertime Overheating

Due to energy efficiencies and glazed areas of modern buildings apartments can be prone to solar gain and/or

heat gain from internally located sources.

Assuming an open window rapid ventilation strategy where windows could potentially be open for long periods

occupants will be forced to make a choice between occupying an overheating room and being subjected to

potentially high levels of external noise during summer months.

A key design feature is the provision of MVHR which will reduce the need to opening windows to control

overheating during the summer months through appropriate provision of a boost mode.


10. EXTERNAL AMENITY AREAS

The development is proposed to include external amenity areas, such as roof gardens.

BS 8233:2014 provides guidance on external noise levels for the protection of private amenity spaces of

residential properties and states that:

‘It is desirable that the external noise level does not exceed 50 dB LAeq,T, 55 dB LAeq,T should be regarded as the

upper guideline value.’

However, it is recognised that these guideline values are not achievable in all circumstances where

development might be desirable.

A compromise between elevated noise levels and other factors, such as the convenience of living in these

locations or making efficient use of land resources to ensure development needs can be met might be

warranted.

The figure below presents the predicted noise levels on the roof terraces with a 1.1m glazed or solid perimeter

barrier, and assumes scattered sitting positions at heights of 1.2m.

Figure 10 External Roof Terrace Amenity Assessment

It is evident that with typical low level safety barriers, amenity area noise levels of <55dB LAeq, T are expected to

be achieved across the majority of the roof terrace, with some areas available with noise levels at 50dB LAeq, T, in

line with the guideline recommendations and EHO commentary.


11. MECHANICAL PLANT AND SERVICES ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE EMMISSIONS

11.1 BS4142:2014 Noise Rating Level Limits at Existing Receptors

The proposed development will incorporate building services plant which can potentially vent to external

locations or have externally located plant items, currently it is understood to include items such as chillers,

condensing units and potentially air handling equipment and MVHR units.

The nearest noise sensitive properties have been identified as:

• Existing Premier Inn;

• Residential units above retained shops;

• Existing Student apartments in the vicinity of the development.

A statistical assessment of background sound levels has been undertaken in accordance with BS 4142:2014.

Typical background noise levels at the site as per position ML1, are found to be as below:

• LA90 48 dB daytime (0700hrs to 2300hrs);

• LA90 43 dB night time (2300hrs to 0700hrs).

During the daytime a proposed noise limit of -5dB to prevailing typical background sound level is advised for

design purposes in accordance with the procedures of BS 4142:2014. This will result in a “Low Impact” when

assessed in accordance with BS4142:2014. This is as per discussion with the EHO from the Local Authority.

Table 20: Proposed Plant Noise Limits

Period Measured Background Sound Level (dB LA90)

Required Margin Below Background

(dB)

Proposed Plant Noise Limit (dB LAr)

Day (07:00 to 23:00) 48 -5 43

Night (23:00 to 07:00) 43 -5 38

The noise limits above are ‘free-field’ levels at any height above ground and 1.0m from the nearest noise

sensitive property façade. They apply to the overall cumulative sound of building services plant without any

specific tone or character.

If the plant noise will contain specific tones or intermittent character, then further penalties should be applied.

It is proposed future tenant fit out plant and services for commercial demises of the development also achieve

the above design criteria by contract, or alternatively undertake a separate noise impact assessment for

submission to the local authority.

It should be noted that the general development proposal is likely to result in the replacement of pre-existing

fixed plant and services in various states of repair with modern quieter and more efficient equipment. There

may also be a net reduction in equipment relative the current multiple tenant retail development.

The above constitute a “Low Impact” when assessed in accordance with BS4142:2014.

11.2 New Receptors

To protect residential amenity for new residential receptors within the development it is proposed to control

mechanical services and plant noise to below NR20 internally from any plant not under local control (i.e. plant


serving neighbouring demises). This applies with windows closed and plant operating normally or at

background ventilation rates. This limit should also be applied to any tenant plant in later fit out phases.

11.3 Emergency Plant Noise

Where the scheme contains emergency or lifesaving equipment which will provide power during an outage or

operate sprinkler systems, this noise source is not considered typical and should not be assessed in accordance

with BS4142:2014.

The following mitigation is advised to minimise the noise impact during testing:

• Equipment tests to be undertaken with frequency and duration not more than minimum times advised

as acceptable by manufacturers of equipment.

• Correspondence should inform residences (existing and proposed) of expected times and dates for

testing wherever possible.

• Testing should be undertaken strictly during the daytime and ideally during the noisiest or least

sensitive periods (i.e 9am-7pm).

• If the local authority does require a design limit, a noise rating level due to emergency equipment

testing of 58dB LArT at the nearest receptor (+10dB to typical daytime background sound levels) is

considered reasonable.

11.4 Anti-Vibration Design Strategy

Although not necessarily a planning matter, it is advised at a suitable design stage to implement the following

guidance for plant and services installation, particularly where this has the potential for regenerated noise in

dwellings or occupied spaces, as well as perceptible vibration.

All items of building services plant should be fitted with vibration isolators to control the transmission of

vibration to new building structures.

General guidance on adequate anti-vibration mount selection for various items of equipment is included in

CIBSE Guide B4 “Noise and vibration control for building services systems “.

Anti-vibration systems should be discussed with the plant manufacturers to allow for the use of the maximum

allowable static deflection under health and safety regulations.

This is done most straightforwardly by ensuring that the static deflection of the vibration isolators is 10-15 times

the deflection of the installation structure due to the load of the plant (and all related fixings).

Note: For a lightweight roof with long spanning structural elements, there may be high static deflections. In

such cases, the deflection required of the spring isolators becomes unfeasibly high and the arrangement

becomes unstable. If this occurs, it may be necessary to stiffen the roof construction, to reduce the deflection

and raise the resonant frequency this is achieved via detailed design consultation with the structural engineer.

The contractor shall be responsible for ensuring AV mounts are correctly specified.

Similar measures may be warranted for the substation also, dependant on information provided on the

substation specification.


12. SUBSTATION NOISE CONTROL

12.1 Substation Overview

The most noticeable audible noise generated by a normal substation is a continuous low frequency hum at

around twice the AC frequency (100Hz). Another source of audible noise in sub-stations, particularly in extra

high voltage (EHV) substations, is corona from the bus and conductors.

Whilst continuous noise is generally the most noticeable, significant impulse noise from switch gear and circuit

breakers can also be significant.

In general terms the noise level of a substation power transformer is a function of the MVA and BIL rating of the

high voltage winding. However, design can also affect noise emissions. Transformers typically generate

continuous noise levels ranging from 60 to 80 dBA LAeq, T at 1m. Equipment noise levels should be obtained from

manufacturers at the earliest opportunity.

It is recommended that all substation noise is controlled to NR20 LAeq, T within habitable rooms of the proposed

development and at third party dwellings.

12.2 Transformer Noise Mitigation

Since power transformers, voltage regulators, and reactors are the primary sources of continuously radiated

discrete tones in a substation, careful attention to equipment design can have a significant effect on controlling

noise emissions.

This equipment can be specified with noise emissions below manufacturers’ standard levels, with values as

much as 5-10 dB below typical background sound levels.

In severely restrictive cases, transformers may need to be specified with noise emissions 20 dB less than the

manufacturers’ standard levels, particularly at dominant low frequencies.

Outdoor type switching equipment is the cause of most impulse noise. Switchgear construction and the use of

vacuum or puffer circuit breakers, where possible, are the most effective means of controlling impulse

emissions.

The use of circuit switchers or air-break switches with whips and/or vacuum bottles for transformer and line

switching, may also provide impulse-emission reductions over standard air-break switches.

In some cases, it may be necessary to consider a partial or full sub-station enclosure to control noise emissions.

https://electrical-engineering-portal.com/6-transformer-types-you-can-see-in-commercial-installations


13. CONSTRUCTION PHASE

There will be a short-term noise and vibration impact on the surrounding area during the construction phase.

A typical CEMP section has been provided in Appendix B with BS5228:2014 best practicable means measures

(BPM) for control of construction noise and vibration.

Hydrock would recommend as a minimum that a construction vibration assessment is carried out to consider

the risk to the existing listed building structure and any party walls. Impact driven piles in particular can

generate vibration levels above building damage thresholds and continuous vibration monitoring during piling is

likely to be necessary.

The Local Authority may also require noise and vibration monitoring, particularly during demolition and ground

work phases, to provide a record of construction noise and vibration levels should complaints be received from

existing receptors.

The contractor may choose to apply for Section 61 consent for the construction works. This avoids potentially

costly stoppages if complaints are received from neighbours. However, noise and vibration monitoring will

often be required to provide evidence that limits agreed in the Section 61 process are being adhered to.


14. OPERATIONAL DEVELOPMENT TRAFFIC NOISE

There is no significant parking provision afforded with the development and as such there will be no significant

noise impact on the immediate surrounding road network due to road traffic associated with the new

residences.

Deliveries associated with the commercial aspects of the development are expected to result in a net decrease

relative to the those from the existing retail development when fully operational and as such noise impacts

from this source on the immediate surrounding road network are expected to be negligible.


15. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

Hydrock Consultants has been appointed to provide acoustic consultancy services in relation to the proposed

development at Queens Street Arcade.

A noise survey of the site was undertaken over the period of 26th February 2021 to 1st March 2021.

Planning legislation and guidance documents have been consulted in order to undertake an outline planning

stage noise assessment of the proposed development site.

Noise affecting the proposed development has been considered from: surrounding roads, pedestrian routes,

commercial deliveries, mechanical plant and entertainment venues. Ambient noise levels at proposed facades

and on roof gardens have been determined using computer noise modelling. This has been used to provide

preliminary advice on the sound insulation and ventilation design of the building.

The noise impact of the development on the surroundings during construction and operation has also been

considered. Noise limits for fixed plant and services have been provided.

The outline mitigation measures detailed in this report demonstrate that good acoustic conditions for the

proposed uses can be achieved. The proposed noise emissions limits are not expected to be onerous and will

avoid anything more than a low impact on existing receptors. Therefore, the site is suitable for the proposed

use.

Further work from a suitably qualified acoustic engineer will be required during the later design stages to

ensure the developing façade and ventilation design provides appropriate control of external noise. Input will

also be required to ensure the proposed plant and sub-station noise emissions limits are met. A construction

vibration assessment is also recommended.


Appendix A Acoustic Design Guidance

British Standard 4142:2014+A1:2019

The standard method for assessing noise from commercial and industrial premises is British Standard BS 4142

“Method for rating and assessing industrial and commercial sound”. The standard is applicable for assessing

noise affecting “dwellings or premises used for residential purposes”.

A BS 4142 assessment is made by determining the difference between the specific noise under consideration

and the background sound level, as represented by the LA90 parameter, determined in the absence of the

commercial sound. The LA90 parameter is defined as the level exceeded for 90% of the measurement time. This

parameter therefore excludes short duration noise events, such as individual vehicle movements, and

represents the underlying continuous noise.

The commercial or industrial sound is assessed in terms of the equivalent continuous noise level, LAeq. The

equivalent continuous noise level (LAeq) of the commercial or industrial sound, over the applicable assessment

period, is known as the specific sound level.

A character correction penalty can be applied to the specific sound level where the commercial noise exhibits

distinguishable tones, impulsiveness, intermittency or other characteristics which “are otherwise readily

distinctive against the residual acoustic environment”.

The specific noise level with the character correction (if necessary) is known as rating level (LAr) and the

difference between the background noise and the rating level is determined to make the BS 4142 assessment.

The following is then considered.

“a) Typically, the greater this difference, the greater the magnitude of the impact.

b) A difference of around +10 dB or more is likely to be an indication of a significant adverse impact,

depending on the context.

c) A difference of around +5 dB is likely to be an indication of an adverse impact, depending on the context.

d) The lower the rating level is relative to the measured background sound level, the less likely it is that the

specific sound source will have an adverse impact or a significant adverse impact. Where the rating level

does not exceed the background sound level, this is an indication of the specific sound source having a

low impact, depending on the context.”

The standard highlights the importance of considering the context in which a sound occurs. Factors including

the absolute sound level, the character of the sound, the sensitivity of the receptor and the existing acoustic

character of the area should be considered when assessing the noise impact. The use of the proposed premises

for short term holiday rentals is also pertinent to the consideration of context.

The standard notes the need to consider absolute sound levels where background sound levels are low:

"For a given difference between the rating level and the background sound level, the magnitude of the overall

impact might be greater for an acoustic environment where the residual sound level is high than for an acoustic

environment where the residual sound level is low.

Where the background sound levels and rating level are low, absolute levels might be as, or more, relevant than

margin by which the rating level exceeds the background. This is especially true at night."


British Standard BS 8233:2014

Appropriate noise limits for internal noise levels within residential preemies are recommended in BS 8233:2014.

Limits are in terms of two noise parameters: the equivalent continuous level (LAeq) and the maximum level

(LAFmax). The LAFmax is the highest noise level in a given period and is determined by individual events such as a

dog bark. An LAFmax limit is usually only applied at night, when sleep disturbance is most likely to be an issue.

Table 21 below provides the BS 8233:2014 guidance criteria for indoor ambient noise levels in habitable rooms

when they are unoccupied.

Table 21: BS 8233 Internal Noise Limits - Residential


LAeq(16hour) dB Night-time (23:00-07:00)

LAeq(8hour) dB

Resting Living room 35 -

Dining Dining room / area 40 -

Sleeping (daytime resting) Bedroom 35 30

The indoor ambient noise level guidance of BS 8233:2014 is qualified by various notes, of which applicable ones

are given in Table 22.

Table 22: BS 8233 Qualifying Notes

Qualifying Note Description

Note 2 The levels shown in the table above are based on the existing guidelines issued by the WHO and assume normal diurnal fluctuations in external noise. In cases where local conditions do not follow a typical diurnal pattern, for example on a road serving a port with high levels of traffic at certain times

of the night, an appropriate alternative period, e.g. 1 hour, may be used, but the level should be selected to ensure consistency with the levels recommended in the table above.

Note 3 These levels are based on annual average data and do not have to be achieved in all circumstances. For example, it is normal to exclude occasional events, such as fireworks night or New Year’s Eve.

Note 4 Regular individual noise events (for example, scheduled aircraft or passing trains) can cause sleep disturbance. A guideline value may be set in terms of SEL or LAmax,F depending on the character and

number of events per night. Sporadic noise events could require separate values.

Note 5 If relying on closed windows to meet the guide values, there needs to be appropriate alternative ventilation that does not compromise the façade insulation or the resulting noise level.

Note 7 Where development is considered necessary or desirable, despite external noise levels above WHO guidelines, the internal target levels may be relaxed by up to 5 dB and reasonable conditions still

achieved.

BS 8233:2014 also provides guidance on external noise levels for protection of private amenity spaces for

residential demises. A level of 50 dB LAeq,T, is said to be desirable but 55 dB LAeq,T should be regarded as the

upper guideline value.

BCO Guide to Specification 2014

The British Council for Offices (BCO) provides a range of best practice guidelines for the commercial property

sector. The BCO guide to specification 2009, includes guidance in Section 8 regarding the acoustic environment

of offices including guidance on finishes, external noise intrusion, internal sound insulation, building services

noise, emergency plant noise, and vibration.

Guidance is based on existing guidelines taken from relevant British, European and International standards

including BS 8233:2014, BS EN ISO 140-18:2006, BS 6472-1:2008 and the Association of Noise Consultants


Guidelines (ANC 9701:1997-Part 1: Noise from building services and ANC 9801:1998 -Part 2: Noise from

external sources within buildings).

BCO Guide to Specification 2014

Noise from building services should be designed and controlled to meet the maximum NR noise criteria outlined

in Table 17 below.

Table 23: Building Services Noise Criteria BCO Guide

Room Type Criteria

Cellular Offices NR35

Speculative Offices NR38

Open Plan Offices NR40

Entrance Lobbies NR40

Circulation Spaces NR40

Toilets NR45

Maximum noise levels form short term external events should also be controlled to ≤55dB LAMax in open

plan/speculative offices or ≤50dB LAMax in cellular offices.

It is recommended that any discrepancies between the above guidance and the Client M&E design team

acoustic specification (if present) should be reviewed.


Appendix B CEMP (Noise & Vibration)

Introduction

Excessive noise and vibration as a result of construction activities has the potential to produce a significant

negative effect on nearby noise sensitive receivers. This section describes a noise management plan in order to

control and limit noise and vibration so that affected properties and other sensitive receptors are protected

from excessive noise and vibration levels.

This document is prepared with regard to relevant British Standards and Legislative Guidelines including:

• British Standard 5228-1:2009 ‘Noise and Vibration Control on Construction and Open Sites;

• British Standard 5228-2:2009 ‘Noise and Vibration Control on Construction and Open Sites;

• British Standard 6472-1:2008 ‘Guide to Evaluation of Human Exposure to Vibration in Buildings’ Part 1:

Vibration Sources Other Than Blasting;

• British Standard 6472:2008 ‘Evaluation of Human Exposure to Vibration in Buildings (1Hz to 80Hz);

• The Control of Pollution Act 1974;

• The Environmental Protection Act 1990;

A number of residential properties are located in the vicinity of the proposed development site. The nearest

noise sensitive receivers are situated at the following locations:

• Residential and commercial properties on the perimeter of the development in queens street and

Working Street.

• The St John The Baptist City Parish Church to the west 16.5m from development).

• Listed buildings outside and inside the development will need protection from vibration with any

proposed piling

At this time there is no specific management construction phasing scheme therefore, this assessment will focus

on providing general advice and best practice guidance on the control of noise and vibration from construction

and open sites.

Noise and Vibration Management

General

Access to the development site will be facilitated at all reasonable times for inspection and/or noise

measurements by the local authority environmental health personnel, following appropriate site-specific

induction and/or health and safety training.

Notifications

An early establishment of relations should be conducted and maintained throughout the scheme of site work

between the development team and community. Good relations can be achieved and maintained by providing

insight into the proposed construction scheme, updating local residents on continued progress and by treating

complaints fairly and expeditiously.

Occupiers of nearby properties should be informed in advance of specific works taking place that may be

considered highly noise sensitive (e.g. pilling operations), including the duration and likely noise and vibration

impacts. In the case of work required in response to an emergency, the local authority and local residents will

be advised as soon as reasonably practicable that work is taking place.


Potentially affected residents will also be notified of a Helpline phone number.

Construction Site Management

Best Practicable Means (BPM) should be followed by the contractor and all subsequent sub-contractors in order

to reduce undue noise and vibration on the local community.

The following guidance should be followed for the BPM:

Each item of plant used on the worksites will comply with the noise limits quoted in the relevant European

Commission Directive 2000/14/EC/United Kingdom Statutory Instrument (SI) 2001/1701.

The recommendations set out in Annex B of Part 1 of BS 5228 and Sections 7.3 and 9.2 of Part 4 of BS 5228 with

regard to noise and vibration options will be adopted unless agreed in advance with the relevant local authority.

Materials will be handled with care e.g. material such as scaffolding and steelwork will be placed rather than

dropped.

Drop heights of materials from lorries and other plant will be kept to a minimum.

With regards to the piling of foundations, if this is required for any of the proposed buildings, the avoidance of

driven piling, for example by using rotary bored piling where possible, will ensure noise and vibration effects

during these works will be reduced.

Fixed and semi-fixed ancillary plant such as generators, compressors and pumps liable to create noise and/or

vibration whilst in operation will, as far as reasonably practicable, be located away from sensitive receptors.

The use of barriers to absorb and/or deflect noise away from noise sensitive areas will be employed where

required and reasonably practicable.

All plant used on site, paying particular attention to the integrity of silencers and acoustic enclosures will be

maintained in good and efficient working order and operated such that noise emissions are minimised as far as

reasonably practicable.

As far as reasonably practicable, any plant, equipment or items fitted with noise control equipment found to be

defective will not be operated until repaired.

Where reasonably practicable, fixed items of construction plant should be electrically powered in preference to

diesel or petrol driven.

Vehicles and mechanical plant employed for any activity associated with the construction works will, where

reasonably practicable, be fitted with effective exhaust silencers and will be maintained in good working order

and operated in a manner such that noise emissions are controlled and limited as far as reasonably practicable.

Machines in intermittent use should be shut down or throttled down to a minimum during periods between

work.

Static noise emitting equipment operating continuously will be housed within a suitable acoustic enclosure.

Vibration Management

There is potential for excessive vibration causing disturbance to local residents and/or dwellings. The

significance of vibration can be assessed using the Vibration Dose Value (VDV) or more commonly for

demolition/construction the Peak Particle Velocity (PPV).

With regards to the protection of dwellings, as per the guidance of BS 5228 2:2009, the lowest transient

vibration threshold for cosmetic damage to buildings is 15 mm s-1 at 4 Hz.


It should be noted that with regards to continuous vibration, such as may occur during sheet piling operations,

threshold levels may need to be reduced by 50%.

It is therefore proposed that the upper vibration threshold level be limited to 7.5 mm s-1 at the site boundary to

reduce the risk of damage.

A scheme of vibration surveillance may be necessary at the site boundaries should high impact construction

events, such as pilling, be conducted in proximity to the identified noise sensitive receivers.

Testing of high impact activities, such as piling, should be conducted to determine their compliance to the

relevant British standards and best practice guidelines. Should high impact activities be determined to be within

the threshold tolerance, surveillance may be ceased until the following is undertaken:

If the proximity of high impact activities to the identified noise sensitive receivers is increased; and the

frequency of high impact activities is increased It must be ensured that local residents are instructed in writing

of any high impact activities likely to generate excessive levels of vibration prior to the commencement of the

activity.

Vehicle Movement

The following measures should be considered when developing a scheme of site vehicle movement:

• Site access should be selected at an appropriate location as far from the identified receivers as

practicable;

• Deliveries should be programmed to arrive during daytime hours only (within the hours outlined in

Section 2.3);

• Delivery vehicles should be prohibited from waiting within the delivery area with their engines running;

and

• Speed should be limited to 5 mph.

Reversing Alarms

As far as reasonably practicable the noise from reversing alarms should be controlled and limited. This will be

managed through the following hierarchy of techniques:

The site layout will be designed to limit and where reasonably practicable, avoid the need for the reversing of

vehicles. Drivers will be familiar with the worksite layout.

Banksmen will be utilised to avoid, as far as reasonably practicable, the use of reversing alarms.

Reversing alarms incorporating one of more of the features listed below or any other comparable system will be

used where reasonably practicable;

i) highly directional sounders;

ii) use of broadband signals;

iii) self-adjusting output sounders;

iv) and flashing warning lights.

Reversing alarms will be set to the minimum output noise level required for health and safety compliance.

Noise and Vibration Management Conclusion

This appendix has been prepared using the guidance of the relevant British standards, legislation and best

practice guidelines regarding construction noise and vibration assessment and control. At this stage no explicit

conditions are attached to the proposals.


This plan contains a "best practicable means" noise management plan in order to best protect the amenity of

the identified nearest noise sensitive receivers as best as reasonably practicable.

Appropriate measures have been suggested for the construction phase of the proposed development at this

stage of the planning process.


Appendix C Noise Survey Data

15.1 Measurement Time Histories and Background Sound Distribution

Figure 11: Noise time History Plot 26 February 2021 Monitoring Location 1


Figure 14: Noise time History Plot 1 March 2021 Monitoring Location 1



Figure 18: Noise time History Plot 1 March 2021 Monitoring Location 2

Figure 19 Background Sound Level Distribution Week-day ML1


Figure 20 Background Sound Level Distribution Week-day night ML1

Figure 21: Background Sound Level Distribution Week-day ML2


Figure 22: Background Sound Level Distribution Week-day ML2


Appendix D Acoustic Model 3D views

Figure 23 3D view of south and east facing facades BS 8233 residential daytime values

Figure 24 3D view of North and West facing facades BS 8233 residential daytime values

Figure 25 3D view of other North facing facades BS 8233 residential daytime values


Figure 26 3D view of south and east facing facades BS 8233 residential Night-time values

Figure 27 3D view of North and West facing facades BS 8233 residential Night-time values

Figure 28 3D view of other North facing facades BS 8233 residential daytime values


Appendix E Façade Emission Calculation

Table 24 Outline Calculation of Break out Nosie from St John the Baptist Church

Calculation Method:BS EN ISO 12354-4:2017 Simplif ied

Project: Queens Arcade

Date 11/02/2020

63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 Rw dB(A)

Internal Noise level

Wedding rock Band Sample noise level: 99.0 94.0 88.0 87.0 83.0 80.0 77.0 89.0

correction terms: 10.0 5.0 -1.0 -2.0 -6.0 -9.0 -12.0

Lp inside, dB Value assessed: 99.0 94.0 88.0 87.0 83.0 80.0 77.0 89.0

Sound Power of Building Side

Side Segment TypeNumber of Segments S, m2 Cd Excluded (x)

North Facades

Openings D, dB 0.0 -5 x 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0

10 Log (s/s0) -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0

Sound Pow er Level L w , dB 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.3

Doors R', dB 0.0 -5 x 21.0 23.0 28.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 31.0

10 Log (s/s0) -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0


Window s R', dB 135.9 -5 6mm single glazing 15.0 20.0 24.0 31.0 35.0 29.0 36.0 32.0

10 Log (s/s0) 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.3


External Wall R', dB 135.9 -5 160mm concrete block insul 43.0 44.0 43.0 51.0 58.0 64.0 69.0 55.0

10 Log (s/s0) 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.3 21.3


Total SWL for Side L w, dB 100.3 90.3 80.4 72.4 64.4 67.3 57.3 79.3

East Combined

Openings D, dB 0.0 -5 x 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0

10 Log (s/s0) -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0


Doors R', dB 0.0 -5 x 21.0 23.0 28.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 31.0

10 Log (s/s0) -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0



10 Log (s/s0) 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.9



10 Log (s/s0) 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.9



West combined

Openings D, dB 0.0 -5 x 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0

10 Log (s/s0) -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0


Doors R', dB 0.0 -5 x 21.0 23.0 28.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 31.0

10 Log (s/s0) -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0



10 Log (s/s0) 21.2 21.2 21.2 21.2 21.2 21.2 21.2



10 Log (s/s0) 21.2 21.2 21.2 21.2 21.2 21.2 21.2



South combine

Openings D, dB 0.0 -5 x 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0

10 Log (s/s0) -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0


Doors R', dB 20.0 -5 X 21.0 23.0 28.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 31.0

10 Log (s/s0) 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0



10 Log (s/s0) 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6



10 Log (s/s0) 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6



Roof

Openings D, dB 0.0 -5 x 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0

10 Log (s/s0) -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0


Roof Lights R', dB 0.0 -5 X 9.0 11.0 15.0 22.0 26.0 30.0 30.0 25.0

10 Log (s/s0) -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0 -40.0


Non-Glazed Roof R', dB 904.0 -5 7mm roof slate+15mm brd, 150mm timber, 2x12.5mm pbd23.0 36.0 42.0 47.0 51.0 48.0 50.0 49.0

10 Log (s/s0) 29.6 29.6 29.6 29.6 29.6 29.6 29.6



Octave Band Centre Frequency, Hz


Appendix F Façade Immision Calculations

Table 25 Break-in calculation Bedroom Night

Building Envelope Sound Insulation Calculation According to EN 12354-3

dB(A)

63 125 250 500 1 k 2 k 4 k

Spectrum Adjustment Terms (Leq) -28.9 -17.7 -9.5 -2 -3.6 -8.3 -14.9 61

Adjusted Spectrum (Leq) 32.1 43.3 51.5 59 57.4 52.7 46.1 61.0

K 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

Spectrum Adjustment Terms (Lmax) -39.5 -39.5 -16 -6.5 -2.8 -6.3 -13.8 85

Adjusted Spectrum (Lmax) 45.5 45.5 69 78.5 82.2 78.7 71.2 85.0

K 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

Term Value Value

V 28.8 6.5

RT 0.5 12.0

Sf 9.6 21.6

Sr 40.0 10.0

Swi 3.1 10.0

63 125 250 500 1 k 2 k 4 k

Mech Vent 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 101

B 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

Leq Internal SPL N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Lmax Internal SPL N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

6/12/13 Audioscreen double glazing 19 26 28 38 46 44 56 41

C 0.00182 0.00036 0.00023 0.00002 0.00000 0.00001 0.00000

Leq Internal SPL 13.4 17.6 23.8 21.3 11.7 9.0 -9.6 24

Lmax Internal SPL 27.8 20.8 42.3 41.8 37.5 36.0 16.5 44

Insul ewt standard 18 37 45 51 55 54 62 53

D 0.00475 0.00006 0.00001 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

Leq Internal SPL 17.6 9.8 10.0 11.5 5.9 2.2 -12.4 15


Example Roof from BS8233 22 28 34 40 45 49 52 44

E 0.00035 0.00009 0.00002 0.00001 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

Leq Internal SPL 6.2 11.4 13.6 15.1 8.5 -0.2 -9.8 17


F -21.6 -32.9 -35.8 -45.1 -52.0 -51.2 -60.4


G 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7


L+F+G+K+T 19.2 19.1 24.4 22.6 14.1 10.2 -5.6 22.2

Calc Tolerance T

M+F+G+K+T 33.6 22.3 42.9 43.1 39.9 37.2 20.5 44.7Lmax

Internal Lmax,2

Leq

Internal Leq,2

Calculated Internal Noise Levels

10 Log (B+C+D+E)

A (furnished)

10 log (S/A)

Pri

mar

y w

all

Rew

Sew/S x 10-Rew/10

Lou

vre

area Rrr

Sr/S x 10-Rrr/10

ven

t

op

enin

gs

Dn,e

A0/S x 10-Dn/10

win

do

w

Rwi

Swi/S x 10-Rwi/10

Term Label/elementOctave band centre frequency (Hz)

Rw

Ref Area for Dnew

Window area (m2) Attenuation to roof

Sound Insulation Calculation elements

Room Details

Derivation Term Derivation

Volume (m3) Sew Sf - Swi

RT (secs) Srr Area of ceiling (m2)

Facade area (inc. window) (m2) S Sf + Srr

Roof Area Ao

Leq

,ff Measured Leq

Measured spectrum

Lmax

,ff Measured Lmax

Term LabelOctave band centre frequency (Hz)

Project Queens St Development Date 19/03/2021

Façade Room Bedroom (night)

Incident noise levels


Table 26 Break-in calculation Bedroom Night (Music/Shouting)


d B(A)

6 3 1 2 5 2 5 0 5 0 0 1 k 2 k 4 k

Sp ec t ru m Ad j u st m en t Term s (L eq ) 2 2 . 1 1 0 . 5 0 . 3 -7 . 7 -1 5 . 7 -1 3 . 1 -2 3 . 6 4 1

Adjusted Spectrum (Leq) 6 3 . 1 5 1 . 5 4 1 . 3 3 3 . 3 2 5 . 3 2 7 . 9 1 7 . 4 41.0

K 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

Sp ec t ru m Ad j u st m en t Term s (L m ax ) -3 9 . 5 -3 9 . 5 -1 6 -6 . 5 -2 . 8 -6 . 3 -1 3 . 8 8 5

Adjusted Spectrum (Lmax) 4 5 . 5 4 5 . 5 6 9 7 8 . 5 8 2 . 2 7 8 . 7 7 1 . 2 85.0

K 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

Term Valu e Valu e

V 28.8 6.5

RT 0 . 5 1 2 . 0

Sf 9 . 6 21.6

Sr 4 0 . 0 10.0

Swi 3 . 1 1 0 . 0

6 3 1 2 5 2 5 0 5 0 0 1 k 2 k 4 k

Mec h Ven t 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 101

B 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000



6 /1 2 /1 3 Au d io sc reen d o u b le glazin g 19 26 28 38 46 44 56 41

C 0.00182 0.00036 0.00023 0.00002 0.00000 0.00001 0.00000

Leq Internal SPL 44.4 25.8 13.6 -4.4 -20.4 -15.8 -38.3 22


I n su l ew t st an d ard 18 37 45 51 55 54 62 53

D 0.00475 0.00006 0.00001 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

Leq Internal SPL 48.6 18.0 -0.2 -14.2 -26.2 -22.6 -41.1 25


Ex am p le Ro o f fro m BS8 2 3 3 22 28 34 40 45 49 52 44

E 0.00035 0.00009 0.00002 0.00001 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

Leq Internal SPL 37.2 19.6 3.4 -10.6 -23.6 -25.0 -38.5 15


F -21.6 -32.9 -35.8 -45.1 -52.0 -51.2 -60.4


G 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7


L+F+G+K+T 5 0 . 2 2 7 . 3 1 4 . 2 -3 . 1 -1 8 . 0 -1 4 . 6 -3 4 . 3 2 4 . 3

Calc Tolerance T

M+F+G+K+T 3 3 . 6 2 2 . 3 4 2 . 9 4 3 . 1 3 9 . 9 3 7 . 2 2 0 . 5 4 4 . 7

NR20: 5 1 . 0 3 9 . 0 3 1 . 0 2 4 . 0 2 0 . 0 1 7 . 0 1 4 . 0


Term L ab elOc t ave b an d c en t re freq u en c y (Hz)

P ro j ec t Qu een s St D evelo p m en t 1 9 /0 3 /2 0 2 1

Ho t el W est Faç ad e Ro o m Bed ro o m (Mu sic )

I n c id en t n o ise levels

Le

q,f

f Measured Leq

Measured spectrum

Lm

ax

,f

f

Measured Lmax

Ro o m D et ails

D er ivat io n Term D er ivat io n




Roof Area Ao Ref Area for Dnew


So u n d I n su lat io n Calc u lat io n elem en t s

Term L ab el/elem en tOc t ave b an d c en t re freq u en c y (Hz)

Rw

win

do

w

Rwi

Swi/S x 10-Rwi/10

ven

t

op

enin

gs

Dn,e

A0/S x 10-Dn/10

Lou

vre

area Rrr

Sr/S x 10-Rrr/10

Pri

mar

y w

all

Rew

Sew/S x 10-Rew/10

Calc u lat ed I n t ern al No ise L evels

10 Log (B+C+D+E)

A (furnished)

10 log (S/A)


Lmax

Internal Lmax,2

Leq

Internal Leq,2


Table 27 Break-in calculation Living Room Day-General


d B(A)

6 3 1 2 5 2 5 0 5 0 0 1 k 2 k 4 k

Sp ec t ru m Ad j u st m en t Term s (L eq ) -1 0 . 5 -1 0 . 5 -4 . 4 -0 . 1 -5 . 1 -1 0 . 1 -1 4 . 9 6 3


K 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

Sp ec t ru m Ad j u st m en t Term s (L m ax ) 2 . 5 1 0 -6 . 5 -2 . 3 -4 . 3 -1 3 . 1 -2 1 . 7 6 8 . 2

Adjusted Spectrum (Lmax) 7 0 . 7 7 8 . 2 6 1 . 7 6 5 . 9 6 3 . 9 5 5 . 1 4 6 . 5 68.2

K 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

Term Valu e Valu e

V 30.0 4.4

RT 0 . 5 1 2 . 0

Sf 7 . 5 19.5

Sr 4 0 . 0 10.0

Swi 3 . 1 1 0 . 0

6 3 1 2 5 2 5 0 5 0 0 1 k 2 k 4 k

Mec h Ven t 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 101

B 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000



6 /1 2 /6 d o u b le glazin g 14 20 19 29 38 36 45 32

C 0.00637 0.00160 0.00201 0.00020 0.00003 0.00004 0.00001

Leq Internal SPL 38.6 32.6 39.7 34.0 20.0 17.0 3.2 37



D 0.00356 0.00004 0.00001 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

Leq Internal SPL 36.1 17.1 15.2 13.5 4.5 0.5 -12.3 18

Lmax Internal SPL 55.3 43.8 19.3 17.5 11.5 3.7 -12.9 32


E 0.00039 0.00010 0.00002 0.00001 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

Leq Internal SPL 26.5 20.5 20.6 18.9 8.9 -0.1 -7.9 21


F -19.9 -27.6 -26.9 -36.8 -45.5 -43.8 -52.5

Room Absorption 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

G 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1


L+F+G+K+T 4 0 . 7 3 3 . 0 3 9 . 8 3 4 . 2 2 0 . 5 1 7 . 2 3 . 7 3 4 . 5

Calc Tolerance T

M+F+G+K+T 5 9 . 9 5 9 . 7 4 3 . 9 3 8 . 2 2 7 . 5 2 0 . 4 3 . 1 4 5 . 1Lmax

Internal Lmax,2

Leq

Internal Leq,2


10 Log (B+C+D+E)

A (furnished)

10 log (S/A)

Pri

mar

y w

all

Rew

Sew/S x 10-Rew/10

Lou

vre

area Rrr

Sr/S x 10-Rrr/10

ven

t

op

enin

gs

Dn,e

A0/S x 10-Dn/10

win

do

w

Rwi

Swi/S x 10-Rwi/10


Rw

Ref Area for Dnew



Ro o m D et ails





Roof Area Ao

Le

q,f

f Measured Leq

Measured spectrum

Lm

ax

,f

f

Measured Lmax


P ro j ec t Qu een s St D evelo p m en t D at e 1 9 /0 3 /2 0 2 1

Faç ad e L iv in g Ro o m



Table 28 Break-in calculation Living Room Day-Music/Shouting


d B(A)

6 3 1 2 5 2 5 0 5 0 0 1 k 2 k 4 k

Sp ec t ru m Ad j u st m en t Term s (L eq ) 2 2 . 1 1 0 . 5 0 . 3 -7 . 7 -1 5 . 7 -1 3 . 1 -2 3 . 6 4 1


K 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

Sp ec t ru m Ad j u st m en t Term s (L m ax ) 2 . 5 1 0 -6 . 5 -2 . 3 -4 . 3 -1 3 . 1 -2 1 . 7 6 8 . 2

Adjusted Spectrum (Lmax) 7 0 . 7 7 8 . 2 6 1 . 7 6 5 . 9 6 3 . 9 5 5 . 1 4 6 . 5 68.2

K 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

Term Valu e Valu e

V 30.0 4.4

RT 0 . 5 1 2 . 0

Sf 7 . 5 19.5

Sr 4 0 . 0 10.0

Swi 3 . 1 1 0 . 0

6 3 1 2 5 2 5 0 5 0 0 1 k 2 k 4 k

Mec h Ven t 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 101

B 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000



6 /1 2 /7 Au d io sc reen d o u b le glazin g 21 26 25 33 43 46 57 37

C 0.00127 0.00040 0.00051 0.00008 0.00001 0.00000 0.00000

Leq Internal SPL 42.2 25.6 16.4 0.4 -17.6 -18.0 -39.5 20



D 0.00356 0.00004 0.00001 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

Leq Internal SPL 46.7 16.1 -2.1 -16.1 -28.1 -24.5 -43.0 24



E 0.00039 0.00010 0.00002 0.00001 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

Leq Internal SPL 37.1 19.5 3.3 -10.7 -23.7 -25.1 -38.6 15


F -22.8 -32.6 -32.7 -40.5 -49.7 -52.5 -60.7

Room Absorption 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

G 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1


L+F+G+K+T 4 8 . 4 2 6 . 9 1 6 . 7 0 . 8 -1 6 . 3 -1 6 . 5 -3 5 . 2 2 2 . 6

Calc Tolerance T

M+F+G+K+T 5 7 . 0 5 4 . 6 3 8 . 1 3 4 . 4 2 3 . 3 1 1 . 7 -5 . 1 4 0 . 3

NR20: 5 1 . 0 3 9 . 0 3 1 . 0 2 4 . 0 2 0 . 0 1 7 . 0 1 4 . 0




Faç ad e L iv in g Ro o m (Mu sic )


Le

q,f

f Measured Leq

Measured spectrum

Lm

ax

,f

f

Measured Lmax

Ro o m D et ails









Rw

win

do

w

Rwi

Swi/S x 10-Rwi/10

ven

t

op

enin

gs

Dn,e

A0/S x 10-Dn/10

Lou

vre

area Rrr

Sr/S x 10-Rrr/10

Pri

mar

y w

all

Rew

Sew/S x 10-Rew/10


10 Log (B+C+D+E)

A (furnished)

10 log (S/A)

Lmax

Internal Lmax,2


Leq

Internal Leq,2


Table 29 Noise Break in Calculation office


d B(A)

6 3 1 2 5 2 5 0 5 0 0 1 k 2 k 4 k

Sp ec t ru m Ad j u st m en t Term s (L eq ) -1 0 . 5 -1 0 . 5 -4 . 4 -0 . 1 -5 . 1 -1 0 . 1 -1 4 . 9 6 5


K 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

Sp ec t ru m Ad j u st m en t Term s (L m ax ) -3 9 . 5 -3 9 . 5 -1 6 -6 . 5 -2 . 8 -6 . 3 -1 3 . 8 8 5

Adjusted Spectrum (Lmax) 4 5 . 5 4 5 . 5 6 9 7 8 . 5 8 2 . 2 7 8 . 7 7 1 . 2 85.0

K 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

Term Valu e Valu e

V 22.5 4.4

RT 0 . 5 9 . 0

Sf 7 . 5 16.5

Sr 4 0 . 0 10.0

Swi 3 . 1 1 0 . 0

6 3 1 2 5 2 5 0 5 0 0 1 k 2 k 4 k

Mec h Ven t 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 101

B 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000



6 /1 2 /7 Au d io sc reen d o u b le glazin g 21 26 25 33 43 46 57 37

C 0.00150 0.00047 0.00060 0.00009 0.00001 0.00000 0.00000

Leq Internal SPL 34.9 29.9 37.0 33.3 18.3 10.3 -5.5 36



D 0.00421 0.00005 0.00001 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

Leq Internal SPL 39.3 20.3 18.4 16.7 7.7 3.7 -9.1 21



E 0.00034 0.00009 0.00002 0.00001 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

Leq Internal SPL 28.5 22.5 22.6 20.9 10.9 1.9 -5.9 23


F -22.2 -32.1 -32.0 -39.9 -49.2 -51.9 -60.5


G 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6


L+F+G+K+T 4 0 . 9 3 1 . 0 3 7 . 2 3 3 . 6 1 9 . 3 1 1 . 6 -1 . 8 3 3 . 0

Calc Tolerance T

M+F+G+K+T 3 2 . 9 2 3 . 0 4 6 . 6 4 8 . 2 4 2 . 6 3 6 . 4 2 0 . 3 4 7 . 9Lmax

Internal Lmax,2


10 Log (B+C+D+E)

A (furnished)

10 log (S/A)

Leq

Internal Leq,2

Pri

mar

y w

all

Rew

Sew/S x 10-Rew/10

Lou

vre

area Rrr

Sr/S x 10-Rrr/10

ven

t

op

enin

gs

Dn,e

A0/S x 10-Dn/10

win

do

w

Rwi

Swi/S x 10-Rwi/10




Rw

Area of ceiling (m2)



Ro o m D et ails



RT (secs) Srr

Le

q,f

f Measured Leq

Measured spectrum

Lm

ax

,f

f

Measured Lmax


Faç ad e Ro o m o ffic e



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