quantum computing market by sector...(national security, government, 2018-2024 source:...

2018-2024

Source: cryptomines.xyz

Quantum Computing Market by Sector (National Security, Government,

Gov. Funded RDT&E, Industry & Business Sectors)

HSRC

Quantum Computing Market by Sector – 2018-2024

Copyright © 2018 HSRC. All rights reserved | Copy #2018-0105| 2

Quantum Computing Market

by Sector (National Security, Government,

Gov. Funded RDT&E, Industry & Business Sectors)

2018-2024

HSRC is an international market and technology research firm. HSRC provides premium market off-the-shelf and custom reports on present and emerging technologies and industry expertise, enabling global clients to gain time-critical insight into business opportunities. HSRC’s clients include the EU, NATO, U.S. Congress, DOT, and US Congress GAO among others; as well as government agencies in Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Israel, Canada, UK, Germany, Australia, Sweden, Finland, Singapore. With over 950 private sector clients (72% repeat customers), including major vendors, and Fortune 2000 companies, HSRC earned the reputation as the industry’s Gold Standard for market reports.

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Table of Contents

1 Executive Summary ................................................................................. 15 1.1 Major Findings & Conclusions ......................................................... 15

1.2 Global Quantum Computing Market – 2018-2024 ........................... 26 1.2.1 Government-Funded RDT&E Vs. Products & Services

Market ................................................................................... 27 1.2.2 Global Quantum Computing Market by Sector ...................... 28 1.2.3 Global Quantum Computing Market by Revenue

Source ................................................................................... 29 1.2.4 Global Quantum Computing Market by Region ..................... 30

MARKET BACKGROUND & ANALYSIS ........................................................... 31

2 Quantum Computing Market Background.............................................. 31 2.1 The Global Information Technology (IT) Market............................... 31

2.2 Quantum Computing ........................................................................ 32 2.3 Why Are Quantum Computers Attractive? ....................................... 34

2.4 Quantum Computing Outlook .......................................................... 35 2.5 Quantum Supremacy ....................................................................... 36 2.6 Quantum Technologies Timeline ..................................................... 37

2.7 Investments in Quantum Computing ............................................. 45 2.8 Quantum Computing Technology Roadmap .................................... 46

2.9 Topological Quantum Computers .................................................... 46

2.10 The 2nd Quantum Revolution ........................................................... 47

2.11 Applications of Quantum Computing ................................................ 47 2.12 The Private Sector Quantum Computing R&D Activities .................. 48

2.13 The Global Quantum Computing Race ............................................ 51 2.14 China – U.S. Quantum Information Leadership Race ...................... 51

3 Quantum Information Bids, Tenders and Projects Data ....................... 53

4 SWOT Analysis ......................................................................................... 60 4.1 Strengths ......................................................................................... 60 4.2 Weaknesses .................................................................................... 60 4.3 Opportunities ................................................................................... 61

4.4 Threats ............................................................................................. 62

5 Quantum Computing Value Chain .......................................................... 63

GLOBAL MARKET ............................................................................................ 64

6 Global Quantum Computing Market – 2018-2024 .................................. 64 6.1 Global Quantum Computing Market by Sector ................................ 64

6.1.1 Market Forecast – 2016-2024 ............................................... 64 6.1.2 Market Dynamics – 2016-2024 .............................................. 65 6.1.3 Market Breakdown – 2016-2024 ........................................... 66



6.2 Global Quantum Computing Market by Revenue Source ................ 66 6.2.1 Quantum Computing Systems Market ................................... 66 6.2.2 Quantum Computing Software Market .................................. 66 6.2.3 Quantum Computing as a Service Market ............................. 68 6.2.4 Quantum Computing Government Financed R&D

Market ................................................................................... 69 6.2.5 Global Market Forecast – 2016-2024 .................................... 69 6.2.6 Market Dynamics – 2016-2024 .............................................. 70 6.2.7 Market Breakdown – 2016-2024 ........................................... 71

6.3 Global Quantum Computing Market by Region ............................... 72

6.3.1 Market Forecast by Region – 2016-2024 .............................. 72 6.3.2 Market Dynamics – 2016-2024 .............................................. 73 6.3.3 Market Breakdown by Region – 2016-2024 .......................... 73

7 Quantum Computing by Sector – 2018-2024.......................................... 74 7.1 National Security Quantum Computing Market ................................ 74

7.1.1 Market Forecast by Region – 2016-2024 .............................. 74

7.1.2 Market Dynamics – 2016-2024 .............................................. 75 7.1.3 Market Breakdown by Region – 2016-2024 .......................... 76

7.2 Government Quantum Computing Market ....................................... 76 7.2.1 Market Forecast by Region – 2016-2024 .............................. 77 7.2.2 Market Dynamics – 2016-2024 .............................................. 78

7.2.3 Market Breakdown by Region – 2016-2024 .......................... 78 7.3 Government-Funded RDT&E Quantum Computing Market ............. 79


7.3.2 Market Dynamics – 2016-2024 .............................................. 80

7.3.3 Market Breakdown by Region – 2016-2024 .......................... 81 7.4 Industry & Business Sectors Quantum Computing Market .............. 81


7.4.2 Market Dynamics – 2016-2024 .............................................. 83 7.4.3 Market Breakdown by Region – 2016-2024 .......................... 83

REGIONAL MARKETS ...................................................................................... 84

8 Global Quantum Computing Market by Region ..................................... 84

8.1 North America Quantum Computing Markets – 2018-2024 ............. 84 8.1.1 North America Quantum Computing Market by Sector ......... 84

8.1.1.1 Market Forecast – 2016-2024 ............................................. 84

8.1.1.2 Market Dynamics – 2016-2024 ........................................... 85

8.1.1.3 Market Breakdown – 2016-2024 ......................................... 86 8.1.2 North America Quantum Computing Market by

Revenue Source .................................................................... 87 8.1.2.1 Market Forecast – 2016-2024 ............................................. 87 8.1.2.2 Market Dynamics – 2016-2024 ........................................... 88 8.1.2.3 Market Breakdown – 2016-2024 ......................................... 88

8.2 Europe Quantum Computing Markets – 2018-2024......................... 89



8.2.1 Europe Quantum Computing Market by Sector ..................... 89 8.2.1.1 Market Forecast – 2016-2024 ............................................. 89 8.2.1.2 Market Dynamics – 2016-2024 ........................................... 90 8.2.1.3 Market Breakdown – 2016-2024 ......................................... 91

8.2.2 Europe Quantum Computing Market by Revenue Source ................................................................................... 92

8.2.2.1 Market Forecast – 2016-2024 ............................................. 92 8.2.2.2 Market Dynamics – 2016-2024 ........................................... 93 8.2.2.3 Market Breakdown – 2016-2024 ......................................... 93

8.3 Asia-Pacific Quantum Computing Markets – 2018-2024 ................. 94

8.3.1 Asia-Pacific Quantum Computing Market by Sector .............. 94 8.3.1.1 Market Forecast – 2016-2024 ............................................. 94 8.3.1.2 Market Dynamics – 2016-2024 ........................................... 95

8.3.1.3 Market Breakdown – 2016-2024 ......................................... 96 8.3.2 Asia-Pacific Quantum Computing Market by Revenue

Source ................................................................................... 97

8.3.2.1 Market Forecast – 2016-2024 ............................................. 97 8.3.2.2 Market Dynamics – 2016-2024 ........................................... 98

8.3.2.3 Market Breakdown – 2016-2024 ......................................... 98 8.4 ROW Quantum Computing Markets – 2018-2024 ........................... 99

8.4.1 ROW Quantum Computing Market by Sector ........................ 99

8.4.1.1 Market Forecast – 2016-2024 ............................................. 99 8.4.1.2 Market Dynamics – 2016-2024 ......................................... 100

8.4.1.3 Market Breakdown – 2016-2024 ....................................... 101 8.4.2 ROW Quantum Computing Market by Revenue Source ..... 102

8.4.2.1 Market Forecast – 2016-2024 ........................................... 102 8.4.2.2 Market Dynamics – 2016-2024 ......................................... 103 8.4.2.3 Market Breakdown – 2016-2024 ....................................... 103

COMPANIES .................................................................................................... 104

9 Quantum Computing Startups .............................................................. 104

10 Quantum Computing Companies .......................................................... 107 10.1 1Qbit .............................................................................................. 107

10.1.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 107 10.1.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 107

10.2 Agilent Technologies ...................................................................... 108

10.2.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 108

10.2.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 108 10.3 Aifotec AG ...................................................................................... 108


10.4 Airbus Group .................................................................................. 109 10.4.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 109 10.4.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 109



10.5 Alcatel-Lucent ................................................................................ 110 10.5.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 110 10.5.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 110

10.6 Alibaba Group Holding Limited ...................................................... 110 10.6.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 110

10.6.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 111 10.7 Anyon Systems, Inc ....................................................................... 111


10.8 Artiste-qb.net ................................................................................. 112


10.9 Avago Technologies ...................................................................... 112

10.10 Booz Allen Hamilton ....................................................................... 112 10.10.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 112 10.10.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 113

10.11 British Telecommunications (BT) ................................................... 113 10.11.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 113

10.11.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 114 10.12 Cambridge Quantum Computing Limited ....................................... 114

10.12.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 114

10.12.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 115 10.13 Ciena Corporation .......................................................................... 115


10.14 Cyoptics ......................................................................................... 116 10.14.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 116 10.14.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 116

10.15 D-Wave Systems Inc ..................................................................... 116 10.15.1 Company Overview ............................................................. 116

10.15.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 117 10.16 Eagle Power Technologies, Inc...................................................... 117

10.16.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 117

10.16.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 118 10.17 Emcore Corporation ....................................................................... 118


10.18 Enablence Technologies ................................................................ 118 10.18.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 118 10.18.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 118

10.19 Entanglement Partners .................................................................. 119 10.20 Fathom Computing ........................................................................ 119


10.21 Finisar Corporation ........................................................................ 119 10.22 Fujitsu Limited ................................................................................ 120




10.23 Google Quantum AI Lab ................................................................ 122 10.23.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 122 10.23.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 122

10.24 H-Bar Quantum Consultants .......................................................... 123 10.25 Hewlett Packard Enterprise Company ........................................... 124


10.26 IBM ................................................................................................ 125


10.27 ID Quantique .................................................................................. 126


10.28 Infinera Corporation ....................................................................... 127


10.29 Intel Corp. ...................................................................................... 128 10.29.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 128 10.29.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 128

10.30 IonQ ............................................................................................... 129 10.30.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 129

10.30.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 129 10.31 JDS Uniphase Corporation ............................................................ 129

10.32 Kaiam Corporation ......................................................................... 130 10.32.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 130 10.32.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 130

10.33 Lockheed Martin Corp. ................................................................... 130 10.33.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 130

10.33.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 131 10.34 MagiQ Technologies, Inc. .............................................................. 131

10.34.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 131

10.34.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 132 10.35 Microsoft Quantum Architectures and Computation Group

(QuArC) ......................................................................................... 132 10.35.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 132

10.35.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 132 10.36 Mitsubishi Electric Corp. ................................................................ 133


10.37 NEC ............................................................................................... 134


10.38 Nokia Bell Labs .............................................................................. 135 10.38.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 135



10.38.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 135 10.39 NTT Basic Research Laboratories & NTT Secure Platform

Laboratories ................................................................................... 136 10.39.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 136 10.39.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 136

10.40 Optalysys Ltd. ................................................................................ 136 10.40.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 136 10.40.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 137

10.41 Post-Quantum ................................................................................ 137 10.41.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 137

10.41.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 137 10.42 QbitLogic ........................................................................................ 137

10.42.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 137

10.42.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 138 10.43 QC Ware Corp. .............................................................................. 138

10.43.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 138

10.43.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 138 10.44 Quantum Circuits ........................................................................... 138

10.44.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 138 10.45 Quantum Hardware Inc .................................................................. 139

10.45.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 139

10.45.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 139 10.46 QuantumCTek................................................................................ 139


10.47 Qubitekk ......................................................................................... 139 10.47.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 139 10.47.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 140

10.48 Quintessence Labs ........................................................................ 140 10.48.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 140

10.48.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 140 10.49 QxBranch ....................................................................................... 140 10.50 Raytheon BBN ............................................................................... 141


10.51 Rigetti Computing .......................................................................... 142 10.51.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 142

10.51.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 142 10.52 SeQureNet ..................................................................................... 143 10.53 SK Telecom ................................................................................... 143


10.54 Sparrow Quantum .......................................................................... 144 10.54.1 Company Profile .................................................................. 144 10.54.2 Quantum Computing Activities ............................................ 144

10.55 Toshiba .......................................................................................... 145




10.56 Xanadu .......................................................................................... 145

APPENDICES................................................................................................... 146

11 Appendix A: Introduction to Quantum Computing .............................. 146 11.1.1 Superposition ...................................................................... 148 11.1.2 Entanglement ...................................................................... 148

11.1.2.1 Ion-based Qubits .............................................................. 149 11.1.2.2 Superconducting Qubits ................................................... 150

11.1.2.3 Solid-State Spin Qubits ..................................................... 150

12 Appendix B: Quantum Information Technologies ............................... 151

12.1 Quantum information ..................................................................... 151 12.2 Shared Principles ........................................................................... 151 12.3 Quantum Computing ...................................................................... 151 12.4 Quantum Cryptography: ................................................................. 152

12.5 Quantum Sensing .......................................................................... 153

13 Appendix C: Quantum Computing Hardware ....................................... 155

14 Appendix D: Quantum Computing Software ........................................ 156 14.1 Introduction to Quantum Algorithms ............................................... 156

15 Appendix E: Quantum Encryption ........................................................ 157

15.1 Background .................................................................................... 157

15.2 Key Findings .................................................................................. 157

15.3 Spooks Reacting at a Distance ...................................................... 159

16 Appendix F: Global 50 Top Supercomputers ....................................... 161

17 Appendix G: Industry Investment in Quantum Computing – 2006-2016 ................................................................................................ 166

18 Appendix H: NQIT R&D Projects ........................................................... 170

18.1 Background .................................................................................... 170 18.2 Architectures, Standards and Systems Integration ........................ 170 18.3 Ion Trap Node Engineering ............................................................ 170 18.4 Atom-photon Interfaces .................................................................. 171 18.5 Photonic Network Engineering ....................................................... 171

18.6 Solid State Node Engineering ........................................................ 171 18.7 Secure Communications and Verification ...................................... 172 18.8 Networked Quantum Sensors ........................................................ 172 18.9 Quantum Digital Simulation ........................................................... 172

18.10 Hybrid Classical/Quantum Computing ........................................... 172 18.11 Capabilities and Support ................................................................ 173

19 Appendix I: Exascale Computing .......................................................... 174 19.1 Exascale Computing Definition ...................................................... 174



19.2 U.S. Exascale Computing Activities ............................................... 174 19.3 China Exascale Computing Activities ............................................. 174 19.4 EU Exascale Computing Activities ................................................. 174 19.5 Japan Exascale Computing Activities ............................................ 175 19.6 India Exascale Computing Activities .............................................. 175

19.7 Exascale Computing Challenges ................................................... 175

20 Appendix J: Key Quantum Computing Patents ................................... 176 20.1 Patents List .................................................................................... 176 20.2 Quantum Computing Patent Filing by Country ............................... 183

21 Appendix K: Links to 31 Quantum Computing Academic Research Centers ................................................................................... 184

22 Appendix L: Quantum Conferences Links ........................................... 186

23 Appendix M: Glossary ............................................................................ 190

24 Appendix N: References ........................................................................ 192

25 Scope & Methodology ............................................................................ 209

25.1 Research Scope ............................................................................ 209 25.2 Research Methodology .................................................................. 209

26 Disclaimer & Copyright .......................................................................... 211



List of Tables

Table 1 – Global Quantum Computing Market [$M] – 2016-2024: Government-Funded RDT&E vs. Products & Services Market ...... 27

Table 2 – Global Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Sector – 2016-2024 ....... 28 Table 3 – Global Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Revenue Source –

2016-2024 ...................................................................................... 29 Table 4 – Global Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Region – 2016-2024 ...... 30 Table 5 – Global Quantum Computing Market AGRs [%] by Region – 2016-

2024 ............................................................................................... 30 Table 6 – The Global IT Market [$B] & Market Share [%] By Revenue

Source – 2017 ............................................................................... 31

Table 7 – Global IT Market Share [%] By Region – 2016 ................................... 31 Table 8 – Global IT Market [$B] By Industry – 2016 ........................................... 31 Table 9 – Quantum Computing Investment by Investor ................................... 45

Table 10 – Quantum Information 2014-2017 Bids, Tenders and Projects .......... 53 Table 11 – Global Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Sector – 2016-2024 ..... 64

Table 12 – Global Quantum Computing Market AGRs [%] by Sector – 2016-2024 ...................................................................................... 65

Table 13 – Global Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 ...................................................................................... 69

Table 14 – Global Quantum Computing Market AGRs [%] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 ...................................................................... 70

Table 15 – Global Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Region – 2016-2024 ............................................................................................... 72

Table 16 – Global Quantum Computing Market AGRs [%] by Region – 2016-2024 ...................................................................................... 73

Table 17 – Global National Security Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Region – 2016-2024 ...................................................................... 74

Table 18 – Global National Security Quantum Computing Market AGRs [%] by Region – 2016-2024 ................................................................. 75

Table 19 – Global Government Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Region – 2016-2024 ...................................................................... 77

Table 20 – Global Government Quantum Computing Market AGRs [%] by Region – 2016-2024 ...................................................................... 78

Table 21 – Global Government-Funded RDT&E Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Region – 2016-2024 .............................................. 79

Table 22 – Global Government-funded RDT&E Quantum Computing Market AGRs [%] by Region – 2016-2024 ..................................... 80

Table 23 – Global Industry & Business Sectors Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Region – 2016-2024 .............................................. 82

Table 24 – Global Industry & Business Sectors Quantum Computing Market AGRs [%] by Region – 2016-2024 ..................................... 83

Table 25 – North America Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Sector – 2016-2024 ...................................................................................... 84



Table 26 – North America Quantum Computing Market AGRs [%] by Sector – 2016-2024 ....................................................................... 85

Table 27 – North America Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 ...................................................................... 87

Table 28 – North America Quantum Computing Market AGRs [%] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 ....................................................... 88

Table 29 – Europe Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Sector – 2016-2024 ............................................................................................... 89

Table 30 – Europe Quantum Computing Market AGRs [%] by Sector – 2016-2024 ...................................................................................... 90

Table 31 – Europe Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 ...................................................................................... 92

Table 32 – Europe Quantum Computing Market AGRs [%] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 ...................................................................... 93

Table 33 – Asia-Pacific Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Sector – 2016-2024 ...................................................................................... 94

Table 34 – Asia-Pacific Quantum Computing Market AGRs [%] by Sector – 2016-2024 ...................................................................................... 95

Table 35 – Asia-Pacific Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 ...................................................................... 97

Table 36 – Asia-Pacific Quantum Computing Market AGRs [%] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 ...................................................................... 98

Table 37 – ROW Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Sector – 2016-2024 ...... 99

Table 38 – ROW Quantum Computing Market AGRs [%] by Sector – 2016-2024 ............................................................................................. 100

Table 39 – ROW Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 .................................................................................... 102

Table 40 – ROW Quantum Computing Market AGRs [%] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 .................................................................... 103

Table 41 - Startup Quantum Computing Companies ........................................ 104

Table 42 - Commercial Investment in Quantum Computing – 2006-2016 ........ 166



List of Figures

Figure 1 – Quantum Computing Applications Organogram ................................ 26 Figure 2 – Global Quantum Computing Market [$M] – 2016-2024:

Government-Funded RDT&E vs. Products & Services Market ...... 27 Figure 3 – Global Quantum Computing Market Shares [%] by Sector –

2016-2024 ...................................................................................... 28 Figure 4 – Global Quantum Computing Market Shares [%] by Revenue

Source – 2016-2024 ...................................................................... 29

Figure 5 – TNO Quantum Technologies Timeline Outlook – 2015-2035 ............ 44 Figure 6 – Quantum Computing Technology Roadmap ...................................... 46 Figure 7 – Applications of Quantum Computing ................................................. 48

Figure 8 – Leading IT Companies and Defense Contractors Investing in Quantum Computing ...................................................................... 49

Figure 9 - Leading Quantum Computing Companies Technology Approaches .................................................................................... 50

Figure 10 – Quantum Computing, Patent Applications by Country to 2015 ........ 51

Figure 11 – Quantum Patent Applications Timeline 2000-2015 .......................... 52 Figure 12 – Global Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Sector – 2016-

2024 ............................................................................................... 65

Figure 13 – Global Quantum Computing Market Shares [%] by Sector – 2016-2024 ...................................................................................... 66

Figure 14 – Global Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 ...................................................................................... 70

Figure 15 – Global Quantum Computing Market Shares [%] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 ...................................................................... 71

Figure 16 – Global Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Region – 2016-2024 ............................................................................................... 72

Figure 17 – Regional Quantum Computing Market Shares [%] – 2016-2024 ..... 73

Figure 18 – Global National Security Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Region – 2016-2024 ...................................................................... 75

Figure 19 – Regional National Security Quantum Computing Market Shares [%] – 2016-2024 ................................................................ 76

Figure 20 – Global Government Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Region – 2016-2024 ...................................................................... 77

Figure 21 – Regional Government Quantum Computing Market Shares [%] – 2016-2024 ................................................................................... 78

Figure 22 – Global Government-Funded RDT&E Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Region – 2016-2024 .............................................. 80

Figure 23 – Regional Government-Funded RDT&E Quantum Computing Market Shares [%] – 2016-2024 .................................................... 81

Figure 24 – Global Industry & Business Sectors Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Region – 2016-2024 .............................................. 82

Figure 25 – Regional Industry & Business Sectors Quantum Computing Market Shares [%] – 2016-2024 .................................................... 83



Figure 26 – North America Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Sector – 2016-2024 ...................................................................................... 85

Figure 27 – North America Quantum Computing Market Shares [%] by Sector – 2016-2024 ....................................................................... 86

Figure 28 – North America Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 ...................................................................... 87

Figure 29 – North America Quantum Computing Market Shares [%] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 ....................................................... 88

Figure 30 – Europe Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Sector – 2016-2024 ............................................................................................... 90

Figure 31 – Europe Quantum Computing Market Shares [%] by Sector – 2016-2024 ...................................................................................... 91

Figure 32 – Europe Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 ................................................................................... 92

Figure 33 – Europe Quantum Computing Market Shares [%] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 ...................................................................... 93

Figure 34 – Asia-Pacific Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Sector – 2016-2024 ...................................................................................... 95

Figure 35 – Asia-Pacific Quantum Computing Market Shares [%] by Sector – 2016-2024 ................................................................................... 96

Figure 36 – Asia-Pacific Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 ...................................................................... 97

Figure 37 – Asia-Pacific Quantum Computing Market Shares [%] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 ....................................................... 98

Figure 38 – ROW Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Sector – 2016-2024 ... 100

Figure 39 – ROW Quantum Computing Market Shares [%] by Sector – 2016-2024 .................................................................................... 101

Figure 40 – ROW Quantum Computing Market [$M] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 .................................................................................... 102

Figure 41 – ROW Quantum Computing Market Shares [%] by Revenue Source – 2016-2024 .................................................................... 103

Figure 43 - Quantum Computing Investor – Company Relationship ................. 105 Figure 44 - Qubit Explanation ........................................................................... 148

Figure 45 - Quantum Entanglement .................................................................. 149 Figure 46 - Control Systems for the Ion-Trap System ....................................... 173 Figure 47 - Quantum Computing, Quantum Cryptography and Sensors

Quantum Patent Applications by Country 2000 to 2015 .............. 183

Figure 48 - Patent Applications by Country – 2000-2015 .................................. 183

quantum computing market by sector...(national security, government, 2018-2024 source:...

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