Quantum Computing:

Wellcome To Future

By Samira Riki

ECE Department, K.N.TOOSI UNIVERSITY

December, 2014

In The Name Of Him

2

Quantum computers

Quantum Computers use

atoms to perform

calculation

Here computation depends

on

Principle of quantum theory

3

HISTORY

1982-Feynman proposed the idea of

creating machines based on the laws of

quantum mechanics instead of the laws of

classical physics.

1985-David Deutsch developed the

quantum Turing machine,showing that quantum

circuits are universal.

1994-Peter Shor came up with a

quantum algorithm to factor very large numbers

in polynomial time.

1997-Lov Grover develops a quantum

search algorithm with O(√𝑁)complexity.

4

Why Quantum Computer?

Moor’s Law

Many kinds of numerical problems cannot be solved using

conventional computers.

Example:Factorization of a number OR other NPcomplete

problems.

Some modern simulattions those are taking IBM’s Blue Gene

Supercomputer years ,would take a Q.C. only a matter of

seconds

A 30 qubit quantum computer could equal the processing

power of a conventional computer that could run a

10teraflops.whereas typical PC’s run at speeds measured in

Gigaflops.

5

Consepts of quantum computers..

6

What’s a Qubit?

A qubit (or QUantum BIT) is similar in concept to a standard

'bit' - it is a memory element. It can hold not only the states '0'

and '1' but a linear superposition of both states, α|0> +β |1> In

physicicts terms, we denote the states |0> and |1> respectively.

7

8

Schrodinger’s CAT Theory

Quantum entanglement

Decoherence

9

Quantum Dots

It is one of the possible ways to produce

quantum computers.

A single electron trapped inside a cage of

atoms.

When the dot is exposed to a pulse of laser

light of the right wavelength & duration, the

electron is raised to an excited state: a second

burst of laser light causes the electron to fall

back to its ground state.

Ex: NOT gate

10

Quantum teleportation

Quantum teleportation is a technique used to

transfer information on a quantum level, usually

from one particle to another.

Its distinguishing feature is that it can transmit the

information present in a quantum superposition,

useful for quantum communication and

computation.

11

Quantum parallelism

It is the method in which a quantum computer is able

to perform two or more computations simultaneously.

In classical computers, parallel computing is

performed by having several processors linked

together.

In a quantum computer, a single quantum processor is

able to perform multiple computations on its own.

12

Parallelism allows a quantum computer to

work on many computation at once.

13

Security

14

Applications

Quantum networking

Cryptography

Artificial Intelligence

Teleportation

Quantum Communication

True Randomness

15

Dwave

The Newest Quantum Computer

16

Dwave(con’t)

DWAVE is a quantum computing company founded in 1999

in Canada ,in order to achieve its goal by making things

happen now and avoid waiting 20 years to apply quantum

computers in an efficient way …so It gathered a dedicated

team of scientists and engineers to do researches. It came up

with the quantum machine that blew the world with its

unbelievable capacity.

The estimated cost of the commercialized DWAVE quantum

computer is about $10,000,000 .

17

Therefore , companies like GOOGLE , NASA and

DWAVE have come together in order to build the

world’s first quantum computer .

18

19

20

How D-Wave Systems Work

21

IN The Future

When processor components reach atomic scale, Moore’s Law

breaks down

Quantum effects become important whether we want them or

not

But huge obstacles in building a practical quantum computer!

Theory continues in advance , many researchers are looking for

various algorithms and communication protocols to exploit the

properties of quantum systems.

22

Conclusion

http://en.wikipedia.org

http://www.dwavesys.com

http://www.wired.com

http://vista.ir/

http://www.nature.com/

23

Reference