QUANTIFYING INTERCONTINENTAL TRANSPORTTHROUGH INTEGRATION OF OBSERVATIONS AND MODELS

3-D CHEMICAL TRACER MODELS

INTERCONTINENTAL TRANSPORT:INTERCONTINENTAL TRANSPORT:CONCENTRATIONS AND FLUXESCONCENTRATIONS AND FLUXES

SATELLITE OBSERVATIONSGlobal and continuous but few species, low resolution

AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONSHigh resolution, targeted flights

provide critical snapshots for model testing

SURFACE OBSERVATIONShigh resolution but spatially limited

Source/sinkinventories

Assimilated meteorological

data

Chemical and aerosolprocesses

TRACE-P EXECUTION

Emissions-Fossil fuel-Biomass burning-Biosphere, dust

Long-range transport fromEurope, N. America, Africa

ASIA PACIFIC

P-3

Satellite datain near-real time:MOPITTTOMSSEAWIFSAVHRRLIS

DC-8

3D chemical model forecasts: - ECHAM - GEOS-CHEM - Iowa/Kyushu - Meso-NH -LaRC/U. Wisconsin

FLIGHTPLANNING

Boundary layerchemical/aerosolprocessing

ASIANOUTFLOW

Stratosphericintrusions

PACIFIC

TOMS AND SEAWIFS DATA DURING TRACE-P (3/21/01)Observations of dust, biomass burning plumes

DC-8Flight track

TOMSAerosol index

SEAWIFSAOD SEAWIFS

Visible image

MOPITT near-real time CO column data during TRACE-P:diamonds show validation experiments

Source: J.C. Gille, NCAR

MOPITT validation spiralsMOPITT validation transect (following orbit track)

MOPITT validationduring TRACE-P:40N, 132W

0226 at 2005Z; double spiralbracketing in time the MOPITToverpass. Solid stratus deckwith tops at 3.5Kft, otherwiseclear sky. Layer at 4-7 km is agedAsian pollution.

DC-8 CO data(Sachse)

0 50 100 150 200 250 300CO (ppbv)

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

AscentDescent

RETRIEVAL OF TROPOSPHERIC NO2 FROM GOMEJuly 1996 data [Martin et al., 2001]

Scattering AMF using local shape factors from the GEOS-CHEM model andaccounting for local cloud information (fraction, top, optical depth)

GEOS-CHEM global3-D model with GEIAinventory for NOx (scaled to 1996)

FORMALDEHYDE COLUMNS FROM GOME:July 1996 means [Palmer et al., 2001]

MAPPING OF ISOPRENE EMISSIONS BY SCALING OF

GOME FORMALDEHYDE COLUMNS(July 1996)

GEIA

BEIS2

GOME

SLANT FORMALDEHYDE COLUMNS FROM GOME:Isoprene “volcano” in the Ozarks [Palmer et al., 2001]

SAMPLE 500 hPa OZONE FIELD AS VIEWED BY TES

GEOS-CHEM datafor Aug. 15, 1994(“real atmosphere”)

…as would be retrieved by TES… (level 2 data)

… and subsequentlyInterpolated (level 3 data)

THE LONGER-TERM PERSPECTIVE:GEOSTATIONARY OBSERVATIONS

• GIFTS (2004), GEO-TRACE (proposed), GEO-SCIA (proposed)• Observe ozone, CO, NO2, HCHO, aerosols (scattering and

absorbing), water vapor, clouds in nadir• Advantage: continuous observation of continental-scale scene with

high spatial resolution– Resolve synoptic-scale transport, convective outflow– Resolve temporal dependence of emissions– Can be moved in space (or deployed in constellation) to provide

global mapping• Disadvantages

– Distant viewing (compensate by staring)– Low vertical resolution (compensate by high horizontal density

of information)