Tungsten electrodesfor TIG-WeldingQuality you can depend on

The correct and uniform microstructurewith no internal cracks is decisive forthe quality of a tungsten electrode andthus for its

■ easy striking■ arc stability■ service life

The electrode parameters are constant-ly being optimised and controlled forvarious applications in cooperationwith renowned research instituti-ons.

Quality in detail

The tungsten metal powder and oxideadditives are checked for grain size andgood miscibility even before mixing.The intensive mixing ensures a homo-geneous distribution of the materials.

The subsequent compression of themetal powder is carried out hydrauli-cally or isostatically, whereby piping isavoided by the correct build up of pres-sure, thus ensuring a uniform micro-structure .

The pressed rods are then converted into metal by sintering.The exact observance of sintering para-meters such as temperature, time andinert-gas purity guarantees a homo-geneous distribution of the admixtures.This greatly improves the subsequentburn-off rate and ease of striking.

During the rotary swaging of the sin-tered tungsten bars, the microstructureis selectively optimised by varying theprocess temperature.

This 100% test guarantees that onlytop quality tungsten electrodes are sup-plied.

The WOLFRAM INDUSTRIE®

alsoensures product and process qualitythrough a quality assurance systemaccording to DIN/ISO 9002.This specifies a controlled process du-ring preparation for and performance ofthe individual stages of production.

In accordance with EN 26 848 and AWS A5.12-80 the tungsten electrodesshall display no surface faults such asmicrocracks and scale. Moreover, thesurface must be free of oil, grease orother impurities.

Finally the electrodes are individuallychecked using inductive test methods to ensure conformity with internal stan-dards.

Rotary swaging of sintered tungsten bars

Quality from WOLFRAM INDUSTRIE®

®

Tungsten and molybdenum products • Special alloys

®

Tungsten and molybdenum products • Special alloys

Ges. für Wolfram Industrie mbH(founded 1911)Permaneder Straße 34D-83278 TraunsteinP.O.-Box 1948D-83269 TraunsteinPhone: + 49 (8 61 ) 9 87 90Fax: + 49 (8 61 ) 83 50http://www.wolfram-industrie.come-mail: sales@wolfram-industrie.com

Tungsten Inert-Gas (TIG) Welding is amodern bonding process which is pri-marily used for high-quality metals suchas:

■ rust, acid and heat resistant steels

■ aluminium and its alloys

■ magnesium and its alloys

■ titanium and its alloys

■ zirconium, molybdenum, tantalum andniobium

Plasma cutting and welding is alsotechnologically related to WIG-welding.The welding heat is produced by an electric arc which is struck between anelectrode and the work piece in all ofthese processes .The arc and electrode are hereby shiel-ded by an inert gas which also surroundsthe weld pool. The electrode must notmelt despite the very high temperatureat its tip.

Tungsten meets these requirementswith a melting point of 3410° C.However, this high melting point alsomeans that tungsten metal cannot beproduced by normal smelting. It can onlybe produced by powder metallurgicalmethodes, i.e. by sintering pressedblanks.

Thoriated tungsten electrodes acc.to DIN/EN 26 848

The ease of striking tungsten electrodesis primarily determined by the electronemission power of their admixtures.It has long been known in electron tubeand filament lamp technology that theelectron emission can be improved withthoriated tungsten filaments. The striking characteristics of thoriatedwelding electrodes are also superior tothose of pure tungsten electrodes.Moreover, the oxide particles counteractthe formation of coarse grains at the ex-tremely hot electrode tip, thus reducingconsumption.These favourable properties of the WTthoriated tungsten electrodes explaintheir widespread use, particularly ford.c. welding.Thorium oxide is slightly radioactive, theadmixture of this to the compact tung-sten electrodes, however, can be regar-ded as safe. If such electrodes are used,an effective extraction system shouldbe provided during grinding and possiblywelding fume extractors together withnormal hand and eye protection.

Thorium-free tungsten electrodesacc. to DIN/EN 26 848

The pure tungsten (WP) and zirconiumoxide (WZ) electrode is ideal for wel-ding light metals and their alloys with alternating current, though it can also

be used with low direct currents.Tungsten electrodes with oxide additi-ves other than thorium such as lantha-num oxide (WL) and cerium oxide (WC)are increasingly being used for d.c. wel-ding. Experienced welders can make theoptimum choice from our extensiverange of products.

The thorium-free tungsten electro-de with more power

WS 2 WITSTAR®

Since progress does not stop at stan-dardisation WOLFRAM INDUSTRIE

®

has developed the thorium-free tungstenelectrode WS 2 WITSTAR

®and included

it in its range of products following ex-tensive testing.It causes:

■ no contaminationof the atmosphere through radio-active particles

■ no radiation exposuree.g. during storage

The WS 2 WITSTAR®with various ad-

mixtures of rare earths convincesthrough excellent welding proper-ties. This has been proven in weldingtests and through practical use.For further information please don’t hesitate to ask for our special WITSTAR® brochure.

Tungsten electrodes for orbital welding: thoriated and thorium-free

The complete range of WOLFRAM INDUSTRIE

®’s tungsten electrodes is

excellently suited for orbital welding.We deliver the welding electrodes both inthe standard length of 50/75/150/175mmand exactly cut to length with a grindedpoint, according to the customer’s speci-fic welding needs. Basing on the many years of experiencein the development and application ofthoriated and thorium-free tungsten electrodes as well as the continuouswork of our special welding engineers(SWE) with the TIG-technique we gua-rantee with our tungsten electrodes:

■ optimum adaptability of the necessary electrode type to the welding need

■ exact reproducibility of the welding process

■ safe and long service life

TIG-Welding with WOLFRAM INDUSTRIE®

Range of products

Your expertise is decisive

Welding high-quality materials repre-sents a challenge to the experiencedwelder and to welding technology.The fulfillment of quality requirementsdepends on the precise matching ofmaterial, manufacturing and design parameters. The safety of the structuralcomponent itself depends on a highweld quality and reproducible weldingparameters.

The choice of the right electrodeplays a decisive role in determiningthe form of the arc during TIG andplasma welding.

Consistency of striking, arc stability,low electrode consumption and thusthe quality of the welding process de-pend to a large extent on this choice.Only the TIG welder with his experi-ence and expert knowledge can makethe right choice.

The choice is yours

Our range of products covers all inter-nationally standardised tungsten electrodes in respect of chemical com-position and dimensions.

Apart from these standardised TIG electrodes we can also supply our owndevelopments with their high-gradewelding properties, as i.e. the WITSTAR

®.

An exact knowledge of and control overthe manufacturing parameters determi-nes the quality of the product and thusthe tungsten electrodes produced bythis method.

You benefit from our experience

The WOLFRAM INDUSTRIE®

in Traun-stein and Dachau has over 80 years ofexperience in the manufacture and pro-cessing of products made from the re-fractory metals tungsten and molybde-num.

The experience gained over these yearsof specialisation coupled with the latestmanufacturing and test facilities in theWOLFRAM INDUSTRIE

®form the basis

for a control over the processes whichtake place during metal production andfurther treatment and are your guaran-tee for consistently high-quality pro-ducts.

Fortschritt

im Dienste

Ihrer Sicherheit

Safety through progress

Code Oxide additives Colour code StandardWT %WL 20 1,80 .. 2,20 La2O3 blue

WITSTAR®

WS 2 rare earths turquoiseWITSTAR®

WP greenWT 10 0,90 .. 1,20 ThO2 yellowWT 20 1,80 .. 2,20 ThO2 redWT 30 2,80 .. 3,20 ThO2 purple DIN/EN 26848WT 40 3,80 .. 4,20 ThO2 orangeWZ 8 0,70 .. 0,90 ZrO2 whiteWL 1 0 0,90 .. 1,20 La2O3 blackWC 20 1,80 .. 2,20 CeO2 grey

Diameter in mm Length in mm0,5 + 0,05 3,0 + 0,1 6,0 + 0,11,0 + 0,05 3,2 + 0,1 6,4 + 0,11,6 + 0,05 4,0 + 0,1 8,0 + 0,12,0 + 0,05 4,8 + 0,1 10,0 + 0,12,4 + 0,05 5,0 + 0,1 12,0 + 0,1

5075150175

®

Other standards like ANSI/AWS A5. 12 on request.

Other diameters and lengths on request.

Tungsten Inert-Gas (TIG) Welding is amodern bonding process which is pri-marily used for high-quality metals suchas:

■ rust, acid and heat resistant steels

■ aluminium and its alloys

■ magnesium and its alloys

■ titanium and its alloys

■ zirconium, molybdenum, tantalum andniobium

Plasma cutting and welding is alsotechnologically related to WIG-welding.The welding heat is produced by an electric arc which is struck between anelectrode and the work piece in all ofthese processes .The arc and electrode are hereby shiel-ded by an inert gas which also surroundsthe weld pool. The electrode must notmelt despite the very high temperatureat its tip.

Tungsten meets these requirementswith a melting point of 3410° C.However, this high melting point alsomeans that tungsten metal cannot beproduced by normal smelting. It can onlybe produced by powder metallurgicalmethodes, i.e. by sintering pressedblanks.

Thoriated tungsten electrodes acc.to DIN/EN 26 848

The ease of striking tungsten electrodesis primarily determined by the electronemission power of their admixtures.It has long been known in electron tubeand filament lamp technology that theelectron emission can be improved withthoriated tungsten filaments. The striking characteristics of thoriatedwelding electrodes are also superior tothose of pure tungsten electrodes.Moreover, the oxide particles counteractthe formation of coarse grains at the ex-tremely hot electrode tip, thus reducingconsumption.These favourable properties of the WTthoriated tungsten electrodes explaintheir widespread use, particularly ford.c. welding.Thorium oxide is slightly radioactive, theadmixture of this to the compact tung-sten electrodes, however, can be regar-ded as safe. If such electrodes are used,an effective extraction system shouldbe provided during grinding and possiblywelding fume extractors together withnormal hand and eye protection.

Thorium-free tungsten electrodesacc. to DIN/EN 26 848

The pure tungsten (WP) and zirconiumoxide (WZ) electrode is ideal for wel-ding light metals and their alloys with alternating current, though it can also

be used with low direct currents.Tungsten electrodes with oxide additi-ves other than thorium such as lantha-num oxide (WL) and cerium oxide (WC)are increasingly being used for d.c. wel-ding. Experienced welders can make theoptimum choice from our extensiverange of products.

The thorium-free tungsten electro-de with more power

WS 2 WITSTAR®

Since progress does not stop at stan-dardisation WOLFRAM INDUSTRIE

®

has developed the thorium-free tungstenelectrode WS 2 WITSTAR

®and included

it in its range of products following ex-tensive testing.It causes:

■ no contaminationof the atmosphere through radio-active particles

■ no radiation exposuree.g. during storage

The WS 2 WITSTAR®with various ad-

mixtures of rare earths convincesthrough excellent welding proper-ties. This has been proven in weldingtests and through practical use.For further information please don’t hesitate to ask for our special WITSTAR® brochure.

Tungsten electrodes for orbital welding: thoriated and thorium-free

The complete range of WOLFRAM INDUSTRIE

®’s tungsten electrodes is

excellently suited for orbital welding.We deliver the welding electrodes both inthe standard length of 50/75/150/175mmand exactly cut to length with a grindedpoint, according to the customer’s speci-fic welding needs. Basing on the many years of experiencein the development and application ofthoriated and thorium-free tungsten electrodes as well as the continuouswork of our special welding engineers(SWE) with the TIG-technique we gua-rantee with our tungsten electrodes:

■ optimum adaptability of the necessary electrode type to the welding need

■ exact reproducibility of the welding process

■ safe and long service life

TIG-Welding with WOLFRAM INDUSTRIE®

Range of products

Your expertise is decisive

Welding high-quality materials repre-sents a challenge to the experiencedwelder and to welding technology.The fulfillment of quality requirementsdepends on the precise matching ofmaterial, manufacturing and design parameters. The safety of the structuralcomponent itself depends on a highweld quality and reproducible weldingparameters.

The choice of the right electrodeplays a decisive role in determiningthe form of the arc during TIG andplasma welding.

Consistency of striking, arc stability,low electrode consumption and thusthe quality of the welding process de-pend to a large extent on this choice.Only the TIG welder with his experi-ence and expert knowledge can makethe right choice.

The choice is yours

Our range of products covers all inter-nationally standardised tungsten electrodes in respect of chemical com-position and dimensions.

Apart from these standardised TIG electrodes we can also supply our owndevelopments with their high-gradewelding properties, as i.e. the WITSTAR

®.

An exact knowledge of and control overthe manufacturing parameters determi-nes the quality of the product and thusthe tungsten electrodes produced bythis method.

You benefit from our experience

The WOLFRAM INDUSTRIE®

in Traun-stein and Dachau has over 80 years ofexperience in the manufacture and pro-cessing of products made from the re-fractory metals tungsten and molybde-num.

The experience gained over these yearsof specialisation coupled with the latestmanufacturing and test facilities in theWOLFRAM INDUSTRIE

®form the basis

for a control over the processes whichtake place during metal production andfurther treatment and are your guaran-tee for consistently high-quality pro-ducts.

Fortschritt

im Dienste

Ihrer Sicherheit

Safety through progress

Code Oxide additives Colour code StandardWT %WL 20 1,80 .. 2,20 La2O3 blue

WITSTAR®

WS 2 rare earths turquoiseWITSTAR®

WP greenWT 10 0,90 .. 1,20 ThO2 yellowWT 20 1,80 .. 2,20 ThO2 redWT 30 2,80 .. 3,20 ThO2 purple DIN/EN 26848WT 40 3,80 .. 4,20 ThO2 orangeWZ 8 0,70 .. 0,90 ZrO2 whiteWL 1 0 0,90 .. 1,20 La2O3 blackWC 20 1,80 .. 2,20 CeO2 grey

Diameter in mm Length in mm0,5 + 0,05 3,0 + 0,1 6,0 + 0,11,0 + 0,05 3,2 + 0,1 6,4 + 0,11,6 + 0,05 4,0 + 0,1 8,0 + 0,12,0 + 0,05 4,8 + 0,1 10,0 + 0,12,4 + 0,05 5,0 + 0,1 12,0 + 0,1

5075150175

®

Other standards like ANSI/AWS A5. 12 on request.

Other diameters and lengths on request.

Tungsten electrodesfor TIG-WeldingQuality you can depend on

The correct and uniform microstructurewith no internal cracks is decisive forthe quality of a tungsten electrode andthus for its

■ easy striking■ arc stability■ service life

The electrode parameters are constant-ly being optimised and controlled forvarious applications in cooperationwith renowned research instituti-ons.

Quality in detail

The tungsten metal powder and oxideadditives are checked for grain size andgood miscibility even before mixing.The intensive mixing ensures a homo-geneous distribution of the materials.

The subsequent compression of themetal powder is carried out hydrauli-cally or isostatically, whereby piping isavoided by the correct build up of pres-sure, thus ensuring a uniform micro-structure .

The pressed rods are then converted into metal by sintering.The exact observance of sintering para-meters such as temperature, time andinert-gas purity guarantees a homo-geneous distribution of the admixtures.This greatly improves the subsequentburn-off rate and ease of striking.

During the rotary swaging of the sin-tered tungsten bars, the microstructureis selectively optimised by varying theprocess temperature.

This 100% test guarantees that onlytop quality tungsten electrodes are sup-plied.

The WOLFRAM INDUSTRIE®

alsoensures product and process qualitythrough a quality assurance systemaccording to DIN/ISO 9002.This specifies a controlled process du-ring preparation for and performance ofthe individual stages of production.

In accordance with EN 26 848 and AWS A5.12-80 the tungsten electrodesshall display no surface faults such asmicrocracks and scale. Moreover, thesurface must be free of oil, grease orother impurities.

Finally the electrodes are individuallychecked using inductive test methods to ensure conformity with internal stan-dards.

Rotary swaging of sintered tungsten bars

Quality from WOLFRAM INDUSTRIE®

®

Tungsten and molybdenum products • Special alloys

®

Tungsten and molybdenum products • Special alloys

Ges. für Wolfram Industrie mbH(founded 1911)Permaneder Straße 34D-83278 TraunsteinP.O.-Box 1948D-83269 TraunsteinPhone: + 49 (8 61 ) 9 87 90Fax: + 49 (8 61 ) 83 50http://www.wolfram-industrie.come-mail: sales@wolfram-industrie.com