QTP

Dhananjay Singh

Dhananjay Singh

*Dhananjay Singh*Life Cycle Of Automation- Analyze the Application

Select The ToolIdentify the session

Design/ Record Test ScriptsRun the test scriptsFinding & Reporting the defects

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*Dhananjay Singh*Introduction to QTP -. Developed by Mercury interactive But Now by HP. Developed for web functionality.QTP supports both web applications & windows applications. QTP Developed in 2002. Test Script developed on VB Script. QTP supports Languages is .NET. J2EE, Main Frame, XML,Java ERP -> SAP, Seibel, People soft. QTP Supports both Technical & Non Technical People. QTP run on only windows platform not supporting UNIX, Linux etc

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*Dhananjay Singh*Overview of QTP -Testing Process of QTPWindows Structure of QTPAdd Ins of QTPArchitecture of QTPExecution process in QTPDevelopment of Automation TestRecording Modes in QTPObject RepositoryObject SpyTransactionVirtual ObjectCheck PointsActionsException HandlingObject identificationOrdinal IdentifierSmart IdentificationOutput ValuesSynchronization pointQTP Run ModesRegular ExpressionsDescriptive ProgrammingEnvironment VariablesVB-ScriptHoe to work with FunctionsAssociated Library

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*Dhananjay Singh*Testing Process of QTP - 1) Record & Run Settings 2) Develop Automation Testing 3) Enhance/ Customize Automation test 4) Debug Automation Test 5) Execute Automation Test 6) Analyze Test Results 7) Report defects in bug tracking tool

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*Dhananjay Singh*Window Structure of QTP -1) Test Pane2) Active Screen3) Data Table4) Debug Viewer

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*Dhananjay Singh*Add Ins of QTP -It gives information about the technology supported by the QTPBy default three Add Ins are there in QTP1) ActiveX2) VB3) WebAdditional Add ins: 1) Java 2) Oracle 3) People soft4) .NET5) Terminal Emulator6) SAP7) Siebel

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*Dhananjay Singh*Add In Manager

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*Dhananjay Singh*Architecture Of QTP -Execution Process in QTPDevelopment of Automation TestRecordingWritingFunction Generator

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*Dhananjay Singh*Recording Modes of QTP -There are three recording modes in QTP -

1)Normal Recording Mode 2) Analog Recording Mode 3) Low Level Recording Mode

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*Dhananjay Singh*Record a Test

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*Dhananjay Singh*Record & Run Settings-

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*Dhananjay Singh*Run a Test and Save Results-

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*Dhananjay Singh*View Test Results-

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*Dhananjay Singh*Object Repository-Object Repository is nothing but a storage location. It contains the collection logical name and physical description of a particular object.

Logical Name: For Naming ConventionPhysical Description : is Nothing but expected physical propertiesTwo types of Object Repositories are available in QTP-

1) Per Action (.mtr)2) Shared Object Repository (.tsr)

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*Dhananjay Singh*Open the Object Repository Dialog Box-

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*Dhananjay Singh*Object Spy- Object spy is used to display or view all the physical properties and methods of an object or a window based on the requirement.

Example: If window(Login). Exists Then Msgbox(Pass) else Msgbox(Fail) End If

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*Dhananjay Singh*Virtual Object-Virtual Object is used to identify the properties of similar objects in a particular Area.Example: In normal recording if we select the paint brush window, the script will look like this- window(Paint).Activate Window(Paint).Winobject(colors).Click 72,16 Window(Paint).Winobject(colors).Click 80,14 window(Paint).CloseIf we are using Virtual object, the script will look like this- window(Paint).Activate Window(Paint).Winobject(colors).Virtual Button(RED) Window(Paint).Winobject(colors).Virtual Button(BLUE) window(Paint).Close

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*Dhananjay Singh*Check Points-

Check Point is a verification point that compares the current value of the specified property with the expected value for that property.There are 9 types of check points are available in QTP.They are-1) Standard Check Point2) Text/ Text Area Check Point3) Bitmap Check point4) Database Check Point5) Table Check Point6) Page Check Point7) XML Check Point8) Image Check Point9) Accessibility Check Point

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Checkpoint Types

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*Dhananjay Singh*Inserting a Checkpoint During Recording-

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*Dhananjay Singh*Insert a Checkpoint After Recording-

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*Dhananjay Singh*Actions- Action is nothing but a logical portion to entire script file based on the requirement. Each and every action should have meaningful result.Types of Actions:1) Regular (By default)2) Reusable3) ExternalHow to work with Actions:1) Call to copy of Action2) Call to Existing Action

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*Dhananjay Singh*Data Driven Test-Testing the same application with multiple sets of data.How to use parameterization:Ex: Before parameterization Dialog(Login).ActivateDialog(Login).WinEdit(name).Set AxisDialog(Login).WinEdit(Password).SetSecureaxisittDialogLogin.CloseAfter Parameterization Dialog(Login).Activate Dialog(Login).WinEdit(Login name).Set DataTable(name, dtglobalsheet) Dialog(Login).WinEdit(Password). (password, dtglobalsheet) DialogLogin.Close

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*Dhananjay Singh*Using Data Sheet (Global, Local & Location)-

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*Dhananjay Singh*Setting the Parameter Value-

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*Dhananjay Singh*Test Results Iterations-

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*Dhananjay Singh*Exception Handling- It enables Quick test to detect and handle when unexpected error occurred during execution time.

Types of Exception Handling:1) Popup Exception Handling2) Object State Exception Handling3) Test Run Exception Handling4) Application Crash

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*Dhananjay Singh*Object Identification- By using object identification we can map customer user defined object to standard Class.

Two types of properties are their in object Identification:

1) Mandatory Properties2) Assistive properties

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*Dhananjay Singh*Ordinal Identifier- By using ordinal identifier options quick test able to identify an object under ordinal identifier.

Three Components are available in ordinal identifier1) Index2) Location3) Creation time

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*Dhananjay Singh*Smart Identification- Quick test unable to identify the object, it is change randomly. To identify such object we need to use Smart Identification.

Two properties are available in Smart identification They are-1) Base Filter Properties2) Optional Filter Properties

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*Dhananjay Singh*Synchronization Point- Synchronization point maintains the time coordination between testing process and your application process.

There are 4 types of synchronization points:1) Sync2) Wait, wait(5) or wait 53) Wait Property4) Exist

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*Dhananjay Singh*Regular Expressions- It enables quick test to identify test string with varying value (varying means changing) Regular Expressions can be used in the following areas:1) Check Points2) In parameterization3) Data Driven test4) Actions5) Exception Handling.etc

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*Dhananjay Singh*Using a Regular Expression-

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*Dhananjay Singh*Some Regular Expressions-

ExpressionCharDescriptionPeriod.Matches any single characterAsterisk*Matches zero to any number of occurrences of the preceding characterPlus+Matches one to any number of occurrences of the preceding characterBrackets[A-Z][a-z]Matches a range of characters[0-9]Matches a range of numbers\wMatches any alphanumeric character including underscore\WMatches any non-alphanumeric characterDigit\dMatches any digit\d{4}Matches exactly four digits

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*Dhananjay Singh*How to work with Environmental variables- It is a special type of variable which is use to expose the data related to environment. Environment Variables

Built Inuser defined

InternalExternal

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Kinds Of ActionsNon Reusable ActionsReusable ActionsExternal

By default Actions are Non Reusable

Creating the ActionsHow to make actions reusableIterationsAction parameters (Input & Output) Input Browser("Browser").Page("Gmail: Email from Google").WebEdit("Email").Set parameter("username") Output Parameter("TotalValue") = Browser("Mercury").Page("ListOfSales").WebTable("Orders").GetCellData(NumTableRows,"Total")

Call to NewCall to CopyCall to existingDifference in Call to Copy and Call to existingProperties of called function depends on the mode they are calledEditable Mode and Read Only ModeCalling the Actions

Understanding Expert View

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Understanding and Using the Expert ViewThe following diagram shows how the same object hierarchy is displayed inthe Expert View and in the Keyword View:

Expert View and Keyword View .. Cont The table below explains how the different parts of the same step arerepresented in the Keyword View and the Expert View:

Understanding Checkpoint and Output StatementsUnderstanding Parameter Indications

Understanding Parameter Indications. ContBefore Parameterization:

Browser("Welcome: Mercury").Page("Find a Flight:").WebList("toPort").Select "San Francisco

After Parameterization:

Browser("Welcome: Mercury").Page("Find a Flight:").WebList("toPort").Select DataTable("Destination",dtGlobalSheet)

Generating Statements in the Expert ViewThe Expert View helps you to generate statements in three ways:

You can use the Step Generator to add steps that use methods and functions.

You can manually generate VBScript statements that use methods toperform operations.

When you start to type a VBScript keyword in the Expert View, QuickTest automatically adds the relevant syntax or blocks to your script, if the Autoexpand VBScript syntax option is enabled.

For...Next Statement

For counter = start to end [Step step]statementNext

passengers = Browser("Mercury Tours").Page("Find Flights").WebEdit("numPassengers").GetROProperty("value")total = 1For i=1 To passengerstotal = total * iNextMsgBox "!" & passengers & "=" & total

For...Each StatementFor Each item In arraystatementNext

MyArray = Array("one","two","three","four","five")For Each element In MyArraymsgbox elementNext

Do...Loop StatementDo [{while} {until} condition]statementLoop

passengers = Browser("Mercury Tours").Page("Find Flights").WebEdit("numPassengers").GetROProperty("value")total = 1i = 1Do while i

If...Then...Else StatementIf condition ThenstatementElseIf condition2 ThenstatementElsestatementEnd If

passengers = Browser("Mercury Tours").Page("Find Flights").WebEdit("numpassengers").GetROProperty("value")If (passengers < 4) ThenBrowser("Mercury Tours").CloseElseBrowser("Mercury Tours").Page("Find Flights").Image("continue").Click 69,5End If

Invoke Internet Explorer to run the test :Store the value of URL in startURL Variable from dtGlobal SheetstartURL = DataTable("url", dtGlobalSheet)

Invoke internet Explorerset InternetExplorer = CreateObject("InternetExplorer.Application")

To check whether i.e is open and maximisedInternetExplorer.Visible = true

Navigate the required URL in ieInternetExplorer.Navigate startURL

Functions[Public [Default] | Private] Function name [(arglist)] [statements] [name = expression] [Exit Function] [statements] [name = expression] End Function

ExampleFunction MyFunction(text) MsgBox text End Function

How to call[Call] [Return value] Functionname (arglist)My Function (Hi to all)

Common functions used .Report Event :Reporter.ReportEvent EventStatus, ReportStepName, Details [, Reporter] Example The following examples use the ReportEvent method to report a failed step. Reporter.ReportEvent 1, "Custom Step", "The user-defined step failed." or Reporter.ReportEvent micFail, "Custom Step", "The user-defined step failed."

Get Cell Data :object.GetCellData (Row, Column)

Get Current Row :DTSheet.GetCurrentRow Examplerow = DataTable.GetSheet("MySheet").GetCurrentRow Reporter.ReportEvent 1, "Row Number", row

Common functions used .Get RO Property Method ( Returns a Variable ) :

object.GetROProperty (Property, [PropertyData])

Example: ActualDisabledVal = Browser("Browser").Page("Page").WebButton(Continue").GetROProperty("disabled")

Exists Method :

Example:Browser("Browser").Page("Page").WebButton(Continue").Exists

Msgbox :

MsgBox Value displayed is correct Or MsgBox ActualDisabledVal

Common functions used Trim Function :

Dim MyVar MyVar = LTrim(" vbscript ") ' MyVar contains "vbscript "MyVar = RTrim(" vbscript ") ' MyVar contains vbscript"MyVar = Trim(" vbscript ") ' MyVar contains vbscript"

Import / Export Function :Imports the specified Microsoft Excel file to the run-time Data Table. DataTable.Import(FileName) Example:DataTable.Import ("C:\flights.xls")

Saves a copy of the run-time Data Table in the specified location DataTable.Export(FileName) Example:DataTable.Export ("C:\flights.xls")

Inserting Steps Using the Step Generator

Setting the Testing OptionsTo set global testing options:Tools > Options or click the Options toolbar button.

Recovery Scenario

The Recovery tab displays a list of all recovery scenarios associated with thecurrent test or component. It also enables you to associate additionalrecovery scenarios with the test or component, remove scenarios from thetest or component

Object Repository vs. Descriptive Programming what to use?There really is no best wayUse the method that gives your company the best ROI, whether that be Object Repository (OR), Descriptive Programming (DP) or a mixture of both

OR Pros and ConsPROS:GUI Front end to examine all the objects in the repositoryHighlight in Application feature is great tool to walk the object treeNo need to modify the script when object properties changesEasy to identify objects in AUT by Object Logical namesCan be created independently from scripts

OR Pros and ConsCONS:Additional layer to maintainUnnecessary objects can be createdMultiple users cannot concurrently save/write to the shared ORIt wont eliminate the need for Descriptive Programming in most of cases

DP Pros and ConsPROS:Its a white boxCompatible with different QTP versionsCode portability is highEasy to mass update

DP Pros and ConsCONS:Lower Code Readability and requires more comments, like what object is accessedPotentially slower to create To highlight an object in the application requires utilizing the Highlight method

What is Object Repository?Object Repository is a place where QTP stores learned objects QTP uses default Object Identification properties: mandatory and assistive to learn objects into OR

Object RepositoryLogical NameProperties

OR: Object identification default properties

Script playback using ORQTP finds the Object in Object Repository using object Logical Name and Object HierarchyQTP retrieves Test Object properties from ORQTP searches actual application for the Object with the same properties as the OR Test Object and performs user action

Script playback using Descriptive programmingQTP searches the Application Under Test (AUT) for the Object using Descriptive properties and performs user action

Descriptive programming when and why?Consider using DP in following cases:Dynamic object propertiesExample: Link Logout Same objects on every pageExample: Buttons Next, Back, Cancel, OKLots of similar objects on one pageExample: table with many First & Last name text boxes

Different ways to work with objects

Different ways to work with objectsExample for Passenger 1 First Name

ChildObjects method using Collection Object

ChildObjects method using Collection ObjectLast Name fields are populated

TO, RO and .Object.GetTOproperty/SetToProperty refers to the properties stored in OR.GetROProperty property refers to the AUT Object property (Run-time).Object. refers to the AUT Object NATIVE properties/methods

Better names for Object Spy radio-buttonsRun-Time NATIVE ObjectRun-Time QTP (Test) Object

Object Run-Time Properties from AUT (GetRoProperty)

Run-Time Native Object Properties/Methods from AUT (.Object)

Test Object Properties from ORSet/GetToProperty

Regular Expressions in ORExample: Server independent Page object1. Click on Property value to access RegEx2. Click RegEx Icon

Regular Expressions in OR

Regular Expressions in ORRegEx icon

Object Smart IdentificationSmart Identification is not Artificial IntelligenceSI uses loose/unreliable object recognitionIts recommended to disable SI for each and every page/window/control using the Tools->Object Identification dialog (Recording)Another way to disable SI: File -> Settings -> Run -> Check the "Disable Smart Identification during run session" check box (Run-Time)

Smart Identification (SI) Recording OptionsSI Checkbox

Smart Identification (SI) Run OptionSI Checkbox

Driver ScriptBusiness ClassesGeneric ClassesRecovery ScenariosTest DataRepositoriesStatic Files(ini)A Brief Picture of Automation Framework

Components of Framework Generic ClassesBusiness ClassesRepositoriesTest DataRecovery Scenarios FilesStatic Info Files (ini Files)Driver Script

Generic ClassesThese Classes are generic to any application and not dependent on applications logic.Example : 1. Functions for Launching and Exiting AdvantEdge 2006 Definition :Class Functions and procedures will be defined hereEnd ClassCalling from script :ExecuteFile Library File PathLoad library files in to QTPSet Obj=New Declaring ObjectObj.Function/procedureCallingfunction/procedure Set Obj=NothingRemoves Object from memory

Business ClassesThese Classes are specific to applications business logic. And changed according to the business logic of application.Example : 1. A function for Calculating the P&I Formula. 2. Filling borrowers information.Definition :Class Functions and procedures will be defined hereEnd ClassCalling from script :ExecuteFile Library File PathLoad library files in to QTPSet Obj=NewDeclaring ObjectObj.Function/procedureCallingfunction/procedure Set Obj=NothingRemoves Object from memory

RepositoriesMultiple repositories will be prepared for better maintenance. (.tsr files)Repositories will be loaded in to driver script dynamically depending on the objects requirement. Refer AE2006_LoadRep(Rep_Path) in AE_2006_Utils.vbsRepository entries must maintain the standards defined in Coding Standards document.*Object identification script* must be used before adding any object to repository.All the ORs should be administered and should not be altered by the others with out permission.

Test DataAll the Test data should be maintained in Excel files. (.xls files)Example : Borrower InformationAnd dynamically loaded in to the script during the script execution.Loading Dynamically :Use AE2006_LoadTData in AE_2006_Utils.vbs(Or)DataTable.ImportSheet Data File path,Source Sheet,Dest Sheet

Recovery ScenariosApplication related errors and interruptions in script execution should be identified and recovery operations must be defined in recovery files.(.qrs) Example : 1. Any unwanted popup message that may appear during the script execution.These files must be loaded and activated before executing script.Activating / DeactivatingRecovery.Enabled=true Recovery operations activatedRecovery.Enabled=falseRecovery operations disabled

Static FilesAll the global and application related static data must be maintained in Static files(.ini).Example: 1. A static variable that holds AdvantEdge application path. This will be referred in all the driver scripts. If application path changes simply we modify the value in .ini file, that will be reflected across all the driver scripts.

Static file architecture :[Environment]Env_Variable=value

Accessing global/static info Environment.LoadFromFile path of Env File Environment.Value(Env_Variable)

Driver ScriptDriver Script is the main automation script from where the remaining Automation Components will be called.In Driver Script we create Objects to the Business and Generic classes to access the functions and procedures of them.Calling a Function or Procedure from a classSet Obj=New Class_NameCreates Object to ClassRet_val=Obj.MyFunctionAccesses a FunctionObj.MyProcedureAccesses a ProcedureSet Obj=NothingFrees up from memory

Driver Script ContFrom the driver script repositories will be loaded dynamically by using a generic function .(Refer : AE_2006_LoadRep function in AE_2006_Utils.vbs)

Testdata will be called from test data files (.xls files) and it will be loaded in to the Datasheets during the test execution (run time).Importing a Sheet --DataTable.ImportSheet Data File path,Source Sheet,Dest Sheet

Driver Script ContRecovery scenarios will be loaded in to the test from Recovery Scenario Files(.qrs files).

These scenarios help running the driver script smoothly even if any interruptions occurred during the execution.Enabling and Disabling Recovery Mechanism--Recovery.Enabled=True To activate the scenariosRecovery.Enabled=False To deactivate the scenarios

Driver Script ContIf global data need to be accessed by functions or procedures, Driver Script calls that data from Static Files (.ini files) and passes is it to the appropriate functioned and procedures.Loading an Static File ---Environment.LoadFromFile .ini file Path Loading fileEnvironment.Value(Variable) accessing variable

In addition with Automation Components , driver script may contain Local User Defined Functions and Procedures

Supporting FilesCode template for writing the Scripts to improve readability and debugging capabilities.Refer AE2006_CodeTemplate.DocCoding standards document.(Yet to prepare)Refer AE2006_CodeStandards.DocLibrary mapping file to determine the usage of Library files.Refer AE2006_Libraries.xlsResponsibility Mapping file.(.xls) to determine who is working on what.Refer AE2006_Tracibility.xlsA start up Script to set the basic automation settings in QTP, like Object Identification settings and etc.Refer AE2006_StartUp.vbs

Driver ScriptBusiness ClassesGeneric ClassesRecovery ScenariosTest DataRepositoriesStatic Files(ini)Automation Framework Reviewed

*Dhananjay Singh*Comments & Queries-Queries are always welcome.

Dhananjay Singh

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