qspm lecture
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QSPM LectureTRANSCRIPT
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
IS Project Management
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan SuplementIn
trod
uct
ion What is
a Project ?
A project is a temporary endeavour undertaken
to create a unique product or service
The end is reached : Project objectives are achieved, or Project is terminated
Temporary does not mean short in durationTemporary does not apply project`s products or servicesAll temporary tasks are not projectsTemporary nature of projects may apply to other aspects : The
opportunity is temporary and – The project team is temporary
Doing something which has not been done beforeThe project might have repetitive elementsThe characteristics must be progressively
elaborated : Elaboration of product characteristics must
be coordinated with project scope definitionIdeally the scope of the project should
remain constant as the product characteristics change.
Examples:•Developing a new product•Changing the structure of organization•Implementing a new design process
Operations are not projects: Operations are ongoing and repetitive
Project always begin withProblem (John J. Rakos)
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
Project Management Triangle
COST
Scop
e
Scedule
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan SuplementIn
trod
uct
ion
Progressive Elaboration Integrates concepts of temporary and unique
As the product is unique it should be progressively elaborated.
The scope of the project should remain constant even as the product scope is progressively elaborated.
Example:
Problem analysis
Requirements specification
Software design
Coding
Testing
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan SuplementIn
trod
uct
ion
Rich picture of a general software-development process(Mireles and Jacobo)
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan SuplementIn
trod
uct
ion
What is a Project Management?
Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities in order to meet project requirements
Requires to balance: Scope, time, cost and quality:
Scope/quality
Cos
t
Time
Involves stakeholders with different needs and expectations
Involves identified requirements
Management by projects is not project management.
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
Relationship to Other Disciplines
Project ManagementKnowledge and
Practice
Management Knowledge and
Practises
Application Area Knowledge
And Practises
Software estimation
Life cycles
Quality models
Significance of problem domain knowledge
Operations:
Planning
Organizing
Staffing
Executing
ControllingIntr
odu
ctio
n
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan SuplementIn
trod
uct
ion
Why The Project Fail ? – John J. Rakos
Failure at The StartDo not get off the ground (without a plan)Unrealistic deadline and budget
Failure in The Development stagesAnalysis and design are not documentedThe responsibilities are not clear assigned to spesific individualsDesign, testing, and implementation methods are invaluableLack of walk-through’s and reviewMany project failures are blamed on turnoverLack of development standardBrute force techniques such as add more manpower don’t work
Failure at The EndDelivery without thorough debuggingDo not deliver the promised performanceMaintenance cost is too high Overrun in expense and schedule, unhappy users, damaged reputation, waste expensive talent, etc
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
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p les Project Management Framework
ScopeMgt
TimeMgt
CostMgt
QualityMgt
Project Integration Management
HRMgt
CommMgt
RiskMgt
ProcureMgt
Tools an
d T
echn
iqu
es
Stak
ehold
ers need
san
d exp
ectations
Core Function
Facilitating Function
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
Project Management FrameworkIntegration Management
Plan developmentProject plan executionOverall change control
Scope ManagementInitiationScope planningScope definitionScope verificationScope change control
Time ManagementActivity definitionActivity sequencingActivity durationestimatingSchedule developmentSchedule control
Cost Management
Resources PlanningCost estimatingCost budgetingCost control
Quality Management
Quality planningQuality assuranceQuality control
HR Management
Organizational planningStaff acquisitionTeam development
Comm. Management
Communications PlanningInformation distributionPerformance reportingAdministrative closure
Risk Management
Risk identificationRisk quantificationRisk response developmentRisk response control
Procure Management
Procurement planningSolicitation planningSolicitationSource selectionContract administrationContract close-out
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IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
Fra
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p les Definition Analysis Design Programming System Test Acceptance Operation
RequirementsGo/no Go decisionProposal
RequirementDocument (*)(userS.O.)Analysis Proposal(User buys)Preliminaryproject plan(resource providerS.O)
Functional specificationDevelopmentProposalRe-estimate
FunctionalSpesification(user S.O)
Estimates andProject plan(re-done)
Top level design
System DesignATPRe-estimate
Design specifica.(walked thru.)
Acceptance testPlan (user s.o)
Revised estimates(done)
Module DesignCoding
Module Design(walked thru)System test Plan(Done)User Documen-Tation(started)Programs(tested)Project leader(S.O)
IntegrationTesting
Working/DebuggedSystem(Proj.Mgr S.O.)
Acceptance Test
Test Result(user S.O.)
User Supported
CutoverWarrantySell next projectPost Project Rev.Maintenance
New system Operational(user satis.)
Proposal forNext project(user buy)
AC
TIV
ITIE
S
Project Management
Reviews
Status Reports
Documentation User Training
DO
CU
ME
NT
S A
ND
(MIL
ES
TO
NE
S)
Relative Effort(PM)
(Total Staff)
(*)
PROJECT PHASE
(*) The requirements Document may or may not be part of the project
John J. Rakos
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
Fra
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o rk&
Pri
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p les The Iterative Model graph shows how the
process is structured along two dimensions
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
Fra
me w
o rk&
Pri
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p les
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
The principles of modern software management (Royce Walker)
Base the process on an architecture-first approach
Establish an iterative life-cycle process that confronts risk early
Transition design methods to emphasize component-based development
Establish a change management environment
Enhance change freedom through tools that support round-trip engineering
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IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
Capture design artifacts in rigorous, model-based notation
Instrument the process for objective quality control and progress assessment
Use a demonstration-based approach to assess intermediate artifacts
Plan intermediate releases in groups of usage scenarios with envolving levels of detail
Establish a configurable process that is economically scalable
Fra
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IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
Fra
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p les Work Breakdown Structure
Determine how to organize the work breakdown
Time based, i.e. planning/analysis/design/construct/ test/implement
Deliverable based, i.e. online application/data warehouse/user query tools
Geography based, i.e. Chicago Pilot Test/Midwest Region/Eastern Region
Other …
Any breakdown should end up covering all the work
Sequencing not important for WBS
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
Work Breakdown Structure
Fra
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p les
SIA PROJECTSIA PROJECTLevel 0
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
0.0
DEFINITIONDEFINITION
ANALYSISANALYSIS
DESIGNDESIGN
PROGRAMMINGPROGRAMMING
SYSTEM TESTSYSTEM TEST
ACCEPTANCEACCEPTANCE
OPERATIONOPERATION
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
RequirementDocument
RequirementDocument
Feasibility Study
Feasibility Study Risk AnalysisRisk Analysis Pre. Project
Plan
Pre. Project Plan ProposalProposal Negotiate
Proposal
NegotiateProposal
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6
InterviewsInterviews AnalyseExisting Sys.
AnalyseExisting Sys.
Define NewSys. Function
Define NewSys. Function
Write Funct.Specification
Write Funct.Specification
NegotiateFunc. Spec.
NegotiateFunc. Spec.
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2..5
OfficeManager
OfficeManager
WarehouseSupervisor
WarehouseSupervisor RegistrarsRegistrars CEOCEO AccountantAccountant
2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.1.5
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
Fra
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p les When Do You
Stop? Some person (or group for larger project) can take responsibility
for the task, or to accomplish the activities involved You can get rough estimate of the effort (person days) needed to
perform the activity (or activities involved) You can schedule the task The task must be small and able to be completed
Estimate (person-day) 2 2 1 1 3 2
Total 11 days
RegistrationSystem
RegistrationSystem
WarehouseSystem
WarehouseSystem
CEO’sBusiness
CEO’sBusiness
Accountant’sBusiness
Accountant’sBusiness DocumentsDocuments Data
Flow
DataFlow
AnalysesExisting Sys.
AnalysesExisting Sys.
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
Mind-Mapping Approach
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
1.0 Concept1.1 Evaluate current systems1.2 Define Requirements
1.2.1 Define user requirements1.2.2 Define content requirements1.2.3 Define system requirements1.2.4 Define server owner requirements
1.3 Define specific functionality1.4 Define risks and risk management approach1.5 Develop project plan1.6 Brief Web development team
2.0 Web Site Design3.0 Web Site Development4.0 Roll Out5.0 Support
Intranet WBS in Tabular Form
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
Intranet WBS and Gantt Chart in Project 2000
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
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p les The person responsible for the plan (probably the project manager for a small to mid
sized project) then collate all the estimate and precedent, as follows
ACTIVITY EFFORT PRECEDENTS
Definition 20 -
Analysis 35 Definition
Design 25 Analysis
Program A (Control) 20 Design
Program B (Registration) 30 Design
Program C (Warehouse) 25 Design
System Test 10 Program A, B, C
Documentation 20 Design
Acceptance 5 System Test, Documentation
Training 10 Documentation
Operation 10 Acceptance
TOTAL 210
Note:This example only the progranning had sub-component. If there are any sub-component of any other major activity avaliable, they would also be listed
NetworkDiagram
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
Fra
me w
o rk&
Pri
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p les Network Diagram
STRT0
DEF20
ANAL35
DES25
PGMB30
SYS TST10
ACC5
OPER10
END0
PGMA20
Doc20
PGMC25
Train10Precedence Network
Another Format ….. Activity on Arrow
0
1Activity n
t
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
Critical Path Method
1 2A
10 day
3
4 5
6 7
B C
G
D
E
F
5 day
3 day
4 day
6 day
3 day
5 day
0 10
0 + 10 15
10 + 5
13
10 + 3
17
13 + 420?
17 + 3
21?
15 + 6
21 26
21 + 5
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
Critical Path Method
1 2A
10 day
3
4 5
6 7
B C
G
D
E
F
5 day
3 day
4 day
6 day
3 day
5 day
0 10
15
13 17
21 26
2621
26 - 5
15
21 - 6
1821 - 3
14
18 - 4
11 ?
14 - 3
10 ? 15 - 5100
10 - 10
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement
Critical Path Method
1 2A
10 day
3
4 5
6 7
B C
G
D
E
F
5 day
3 day
4 day
6 day
3 day
5 day
0 10
15
13 17
21 26
2621
15
1814
100
Project Duration : 26 day
: Critical path
IS Project ManagementIS Project Management
Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Gunadarma, Magister Management
Introduction Framework&Principles Rational Unified Process SPM Plan Suplement