qos structure of 3gpp/umts doug young suh media lab. [email protected] last update : 2004 3gpp umts

QoS Structure of 3GPP/UMTS

Doug Young SuhMedia Lab.

[email protected] Last update : 2004

3GPP UMTS

mailto:[email protected]

3GPP (www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs)

3GPP UMTS

3GPP UMTS

3G TSs and TRs TS 22.100 "Service aspects, Service principles," filename : 22100-360.zipTS 22.105 "Services and Service capabilities"TS 23.107 "QoS Concept and Architecture"TS 23.228 v7.3 (2006-03) "IP Multimedia (IM) Subsystems Stage 2"TS 24.228 “Signalling flows for the IP multimedia call control based on SIP and SDP” TR 25.853 “Delay budget within the Access Stratum(Release 1999)”TS 25.215 “Physical layer – measurements(FDD) (Release 1999)” : TSG RANTR 26.912 “QoS for speech and multimedia codec, quantitative performance evaluation of H.324 Annex C over 3G”

Release 97/98 => Release 99 => Release 4 => Release 5 => Release 6 => Release 7 => Release 8 => Release 9(LTE)

3GPP UMTS

Auxiliary verbs in standards

"Shall" is used in this Recommendation to specify a mandatory requirement. "Should" is used to in this Recommendation to specify a suggested, but not required, course of action. "May" is used to specify an optional course of action, without expressing a preference.

3GPP UMTS

UMTS Network = UTRAN + [GSM BSS] + UMTS CN

3GPP UMTS

Node B

SRNCMDC

UE

Node B

dT

DRNCMDC

Node B

TransportNetworks

T2

T1

Phy

L2

UTRAN

L1

L2

CN

3GPP UMTS

UMTS PSN protocol stack

3GPP UMTS

Circuit Switching

• dedicated channel(CBR) • low delay, low loss, low bandwidth

3GPP UMTS

Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 4

User Data

CallrequestSignal

CallAcceptSignal

Acknowledgement Signal

Packet Switching

• best effort : shared channel(VBR)• time-varying QoS

3GPP UMTS

Packet #4


Packet #1

Packet #2

Packet #1

Packet #2

Packet #1

Packet #2

Packet #3

Packet #4

Packet #3

Packet #4

Packet #3

QoS negotiable network

• Cell(label) switching : resource reservation

• QoS guaranteed, ATM, NGI

3GPP UMTS

Packet #2

AcknowledgementPacket




CallrequestPacket

CallAcceptPacket

Packet #1

Packet #2

Packet #1

Packet #2

Packet #1

UMTS services

Connection-oriented / connection-lessBearer service : circuit switched(64kbps) / packet switched(2Mbps)Speech : telephone, short message point-to-point / broadcasting Symmetric and asymmetric

3GPP UMTS

UTRAN services Set-up, re-negotiation, and clearing of connections with a range of traffic and performance characteristics bearer attributes QoS attributesCAC during connection set-up and re-negotiationFC on a connection during its lifetimeUPC on a connection during its lifetimebroadcast and multicastUTRA mode = FDD+TDDpositioning of mobile termination at a minimum precision of around 50m

3GPP UMTS

UMTS Core Network

traffic policing = CAC + FC + UPCcharging records based upon parameters such as the dialled number, call duration, traffic (volume, bitrate) and perceived QoSsecurity features : UMTS 21.123

3GPP UMTS

Quality of Service

end-to-end(TE-to-TE) quality perceived by the customer (ITU-T M.xxx)

the collective effect of service performances such as;service operability performance;service accessibility performance;service retention performance;service integrity performance; and other factors specific to each service.

3GPP UMTS

Framework

3GPP UMTS

TE MT PLMN possible transit

network

Terminating network

Bearer services

Teleservices

UE

UE: User Equipment MT: Mobile Termination TE: Terminal Equipment TAF: Teminal Adaption Function

TE TAF

Minimum bit rates and QoS range

3GPP UMTS

Operating environment(minimum bit rate, speed)

Real Time (Constant Delay)

Non Real Time (Variable Delay)

Satellite (144kbps, 1000 km/h)

Max Delay less than 400 msBER 10-3 - 10-7

Max Delay 1200 ms or moreBER = 10-5 to 10-8

Rural outdoor (144kbps, 500 km/h)

Max Delay 20 - 300 msBER 10-3 - 10-7


Urban/ Suburban outdoor (384kbps, 120 km/h)

Max Delay 20 - 300 msBER 10-3 - 10-7


Indoor/ Low range outdoor (2Mbps, 10 km/h)

Max Delay 20 - 300 msBER 10-3 - 10-7


End-user Performance Expectations

3GPP TS 22.105 v6.2 (2003-06) Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects

Service aspectsServices and service capabilities (Release 6)

3GPP UMTS

Supported End User QoS

3GPP UMTS

conversationaldelay<<1sec

interactivedelay 1sec

streamingdelay<10sec

backgrounddelay>10sec

error tolerant

error intolerant

conversationalvoice and video

voicemessaging

streaming audioand video

fax

telnet, interactivegames

e-commerce,WWW browsing

FTP, still image,paging

e-mail arrival notice

conversatinal real-time services

3GPP UMTS

Medium Application Degree of symmetry

Data rate

Key performance parameters and target values

End-to-end One-way Delay

Information loss

Audio Conversational voice

Two-way 4-25 kb/s

<150 msecpreferred<400 msec limit *

< 3% FER

Video Videophone Two-way 32-384 kb/s

< 150 msec preferred<400 msec limitLip-synch : < 100 ms

< 1% FER

Data Telemetry- two-way control

Two-way <28.8 kb/s

< 250 msec Zero

Data Interactive games

Two-way < 1 KB < 250 msec Zero

Data Telnet Two-way(asymmetric)

< 1 KB < 250 msec Zero

* The overall one way delay in the mobile network (from UE to PLMN border) is approximately 100ms.

Streaming Services

3GPP UMTS

Medium Application Degree of symmetry

Data rate


Start-upDelay

Transport delayVariation

Packet loss at session layer

Audio Speech, mixed speech and music, medium and high quality music

Primarily one-way

5-128 kb/s

< 10 sec < 2sec < 1% Packet loss ratio

Video Movie clips, surveillance, real-time video

Primarily one-way

20-384 kb/s

< 10 sec <2 sec < 2% Packet loss ratio

Data Bulk data transfer/retrieval, layout and synchronisation information

Primarily one-way

< 384 kb/s

< 10 sec N.A Zero

Data Still image Primarily one-way

< 10 sec N.A Zero

Interactive Services

3GPP UMTS

Media

Application Degree of

symmetry

Data rate


One-wayDelay

Information loss

Audio Voice messaging

Primarilyone-way

4-13 kb/s

< 1 sec for playback < 2 sec for record

< 3% FER

Data Web-browsing- HTML

Primarily one-way

< 4 sec /page Zero

Data Transaction services – high priority e.g. e-commerce, ATM

Two-way < 4 sec Zero

Data E-mail(server access)

PrimarilyOne-way

< 4 sec Zero

Access protocols The access protocols shall allow the support of multimedia services. These services are characterized by the ability to dynamically change the number of participants and the number of connections during a call. The characteristics of the connections (confer the list of attributes used to describe a connection) may differ from one connection to another. They are negotiated during call set-up. They may be independently and dynamically re-negotiated on application (the telecommunication requirements of the application changes) or network initiative (change of network load conditions, during a handover procedure) during the call.

3GPP UMTS

QoS Architecture

3GPP UMTS

TE MT UTRAN CN IuEDGENODE

CNGateway

TE

UMTS

End-to-End Service

TE/MT LocalBearer Service

UMTS Bearer Service External BearerService

UMTS Bearer Service

Radio Access Bearer Service CN BearerService

BackboneBearer Service

Iu BearerService

Radio BearerService

UTRAFDD/TDD

Service

PhysicalBearer Service

QoS management functions for the UMTS bearer service in the control

plane

service manager provides all user plane QoS management translation function e.g. between IETF Tspec to UMTS service attributes admission/capability controlsubscription control : administrative rights

3GPP UMTS

Transl. Transl.

Adm.Contr.Adm.

Contr.Adm.

Contr.Adm.

Contr.Adm.

Contr.

RABManager

UMTS BSManager

UMTS BSManager

UMTS BSManager

Subscr.Control

Adm./Cap.Control

MT GatewayCN EDGEUTRAN

Ext.ServiceControl

LocalServiceControl

Iu BSManager

Radio BSManager

Iu NSManager

UTRAph. BS M

Radio BSManager

UTRAph. BS M

Local BSManager

Adm./Cap.Control

Adm./Cap.Control

Adm./Cap.Control

Iu BSManager

Iu NSManager

CN BSManager

Ext. BSManager

CN BSManager

service primitive interface

BB NSManager

BB NSManager

protocol interface

TE Ext.Netw.

QoS management functions for the UMTS bearer service in the user

plane

mapping function : the specific marking cf. label in MPLS, VCI in ATMclassification function : derived from data unit header or traffic characteristics resource manager : scheduling, bandwidth management, power control for radio bearer traffic manager : policing and traffic shaping, preferential dropping in case of congestion

3GPP UMTS

ResourceManager

Mapper

Classif.

Cond.

ResourceManager

ResourceManager

Mapper

ResourceManager

Mapper

ResourceManager

ResourceManager

Cond.

Classif.

Cond.

MT GatewayCN EDGEUTRAN

BB network serviceIu network serviceUTRA phys. BS

data flow with indication of direction

TE Ext.Netw.

Local BS External BS

QoS Parameters of UMTS bearer and radio access bearer

[Maximum bitrate(bps), Maximum SDU size(octet)] cf. [PCR, CDVT]possible bitrates per subflow in CS case <= inter PDU transmission interval (IPTI)

[Guaranteed bitrate, k*Maximum SDU size] cf. [SCR, BT+CDVT]

to capture burstnessminimum resource requirements => resource sharing

delivery order(y/n)SDU format information(bits)SDU error ratio : loss+damagedresidual bit error ratiodelivery of erroneous SDUs(y/n/-) : '-' implies no error detection.transfer delay(ms) : 95% quantiletraffic handling priority : per flowallocation/retention priority : per bearer which is not negotiated from the MT

3GPP UMTS

Leaky Bucket [drain rate, depth]

bucketdepth

T -1

3GPP UMTS

Traffic engineering for VBR traffic

Issues : overflow, queuing delay

Applications : CAC, fair queuing

QoS parameters of Iu BS and CN BS

Iu bearer service parametersQoS capabilities in ATM layer (ATM-VCI)QoS capabilities in IP layer (Diffserv, service level agreements(SLA))

Core network bearer service parameters

IP layer or ATM layer

3GPP UMTS

Value ranges for UMTS Bearer Service Attributes

3GPP UMTS

Traffic class Conversational class

Streaming class Interactive class

Background class

Maximum bitrate (kbps)

< 2 048 < 2 048 < 2 048 < 2 048

Delivery order Yes/No Yes/No Yes/No Yes/No

Maximum SDU size (octets)

<=1 500 or 1 502

<=1 500 or 1 502 <=1 500 or 1 502

<=1 500 or 1 502

Delivery of erroneous SDUs

Yes/No/- Yes/No/- Yes/No/- Yes/No/-

Residual BER 5*10-2, 10-2, 5*10-3, 10-3, 10-4,

10-6

5*10-2, 10-2, 5*10-3, 10-

3, 10-4, 10-5, 10-6 4*10-3, 10-5,

6*10-8 4*10-3, 10-

5, 6*10-8

SDU error ratio 10-2, 7*10-3, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5

10-1, 10-2, 7*10-3, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5

10-3, 10-4, 10-6 10-3, 10-4, 10-6

Transfer delay (ms)

100 – maximum

250 – maximum

Guaranteed bit rate (kbps)

< 2 048 < 2 048

Traffic handling priority

1,2,3

Allocation/Retention priority

1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2,3

QoS Ranking

3GPP UMTS

QoS ranking

2 conversational

Traffic class

3 streaming Traffic class

1 Interactive Traffic class

1 Traffic handling priority





6 Background Traffic class

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Cross-layer per-class services

SVC : enhancement layers, base layerRTP : ULP (Unequal Loss Protection)diffServ : BE, AF1, AF2, AF3, AF4, EF802.11e : BK, BE, EE, CL, VI, VO, NC, TxOP802.16e : BE, nrtPS, rtPS, ertPS, UGS

How to map them?Temporal priority, loss priority

bronze silver goldHigher priority

The Main Feature of UMTS

“Flexibility !!”

3GPP UMTS

3GPP Organization

3GPP UMTS

•Speech codec•Video codec

•MBS (Multicast/Broadcast Service)•PSS (Packet Switch Streaming)

SA4The responsibilities of WG4 (Codec) include the following items:

Development and maintenance of specifications for speech, audio, video, and multimedia codecs, as required to enable services specified for 3G terminals and systems. Guidance to other 3GPP groups concerning required QoS parameters and other system implications, including channel coding requirements, imposed by different multimedia codecs in both circuit-switched and packet-switched environments. Speech, audio, video, and multimedia quality evaluation (including new evaluation methods, testing, verification, characterisation, selection criteria) End-to-end performance, including terminal characteristics, of speech, audio, video, and multimedia services. Interoperability aspects with existing mobile and fixed networks from the codec point of view.

In conducting its work, the Codec WG will strive to specify the best possible technical solutions at the same time as considering the planned global use of the codecs and the flexibility needs imposed by different regional requirements and preferences, including possible differences in quality/capacity trade-offs.

23年 4月 19日 MediaLab , Kyunghee University

35

Examples of contributions SA4-video

TD No. TITLE SOURCES4-090587 Pseudo CR for section 7 on Graceful Degradation Use Case Fraunhofer Gesellschaft, ETRI

S4-090588 Proposed Text for Section 7.2.x UE Power Saving and Channel Zapping

ETRI

S4-090589 Use Case of Stereoscopic Video for IVS ETRIS4-090596 CR 26.267-0004 IVS transmitter termination correction (Release 8) Qualcomm Europe S.A.R.L.

S4-090600 CR 26.269-0002 Introduction of test cases for IVS-initiated signalling (Release 8)

Qualcomm Europe S.A.R.L.

S4-090626 Proposed text to IVS TR on use cases LM Ericsson, ST-Ericsson (France) SAS

S4-090627 Proposed text to IVS TR on requirements and working assumptions

LM Ericsson, ST-Ericsson (France) SAS

S4-090651 Storage for HTTP Streaming HuaWei Technologies Co., Ltd

S4-090652 Transport for HTTP Streaming HuaWei Technologies Co., Ltd

S4-090653 Comments on the MBMS specification HuaWei Technologies Co., Ltd

S4-090654 CR 26.237-0019 Service Selection Information Update (Release 9) HuaWei Technologies Co., Ltd

S4-090655 CR 26.237-0020 Clarification on Content Identifier in Session Initialization Procedure (Release 9)

HuaWei Technologies Co., Ltd

S4-090656 Simple Timed Graphics Apple IncS4-090657 Video SWG Agenda Apple IncS4-090675 Use Cases of SVC for Fast Bandwidth Adaptation VIDIATOR

S4-090676 Liaison Statement on media transport ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11

S4-090685 Enhancement layer only coding for advanced terminals Fraunhofer Gesellschaft


36

Example of PSS and MBMS

IMS based functional architecture


37

BMSC.UPF

SSF

EPC/PS Core / RAN

UE

Gi (HTTP)

BMSC.IAF

BMSC.USD/A

PSS portal

PSS ServerGi (RTSP)

Gi (RTP)

IM CN subsystem

SDF

ISC (SIP)

BSF

HSS

Gm (SIP)

SCF

(TS 26.346)PCRF

Rx

Gx

Sh

Cx

Sh

Ut

PSS Adapter

(SIP)

(RTSP)

Gi (HTTP)

BMSC.KF Gi (MIKEY/UDP)

Gmb

Gi (RTP/FLUTE/MIKEY) BMSC.SnTF

Gi (HTTP)

HTTP server

HTTP/SIP adapter

ISC (SIP)

HTTP

(SIP)

Gi (HTTP)

Ub

Zn

Zn

Zh

IVS(Improved Video Support)Justification

Evolved radio access technologies (HSPA & LTE) provide higher data rates, which allow the provision of services with higher quality. Mobile terminals shipped nowadays are compatible with several access technologies and equipped with larger screens and higher screen resolutions.

The evolution of access technologies and screen sizes is likely to continue in the future and the solution(s) will take into account these and future developments, e.g. through the co-existence of several UE generations inside the same network.

Use cases and solutions proposed for advanced UE require further analysis of performance.

Objective The objective of this WI is to continue to identify video use cases that may require additional improvements as well as the evaluation of the benefits of scalable video as an additional video codec for the PSS and MBMS services. This evaluation will continue based on both the use cases identified in the technical report TR 26.903 as well as new use cases and would result in the update of that TR.


38

IVS advanced UE(Release 9)Video aspect ratio management UE Power Saving and Fast Stream Switching in MBMS Graceful Degradation

Rate adaptation in PSS when entering bad reception conditionsIn MBMS services when entering bad reception conditions Combined support of heterogeneous devices

Rate and quality adaptation with predefined multi quality content originating from external networks

HD Support for Mobile PC-based UEsConditional Access


39

IVS Release 10 Work scope~Dec. 2010Continuing to evaluate options to support the use cases on advanced UEsEvaluating the benefits and deployment scenarios of scalable video (e.g. H.264 Scalable Baseline Profile) compared to other H.264/AVC profilesDepending on the outcome of the above evaluation:

Provide recommendations on the adoption of scalable video in MBMS and PSS for specific use cases and specify a codec, profiles and levelsProvide recommendations on existing codec profiles and levels as needed for specific use cases and further enhancements to advanced terminals.Provide recommendations on modifying or extending the related enablers (i.e. transport and storage formats)

If necessary, provide guidelines on necessary adjustments to existing service components and functionality for improved integration of scalable video cross-layer design


40

qos structure of 3gpp/umts doug young suh media lab. [email protected] last update : 2004 3gpp umts

Documents

gpp umts slide

umts network

g release

umts psn protocol stack

bearer service

service aspects

service capabilities

service principles