qing – remember? take notes ! british fight back against the canton system
TRANSCRIPT
QING – Remember?
TAKE NOTES!
BRITISH FIGHT BACK AGAINST THE CANTON SYSTEM
OPIUM WAR
BANNERMEN Traditional Chinese Fighters(like Janissaries)
TREATY OF NANKINGNo more Canton System•Treaty Ports went from 1 – 5; later 90+•Hong Kong became a British colony•EXTRATERRITORIALITY RIGHTS for British citizens living in China•Most-Favored Nation status•Legalized the right to import opium•Christian missionaries
But resentment against foreigners!
TAIPING REBELLION (1850-1864)WEAKENS CHINA
UTOPIA or DYSTOPIA?
Ms. Susan M. Pojer & Mrs. Lisbeth Ms. Susan M. Pojer & Mrs. Lisbeth RathRath
Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NYHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
Ms. Susan M. Pojer & Mrs. Lisbeth Ms. Susan M. Pojer & Mrs. Lisbeth RathRath
Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NYHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
BACKGROUND• Tokugawa Shokunate takeover – Emperor has
symbolic power, Shogun has all the power in provinces (China is centralized; Japan is decentralized)BUT - Can’t coordinate efforts and resources to resist invasion
• ERA OF PEACE• When Europeans interfere and Japan worries about
traditions - SECLUSION!!! All Europeans out!!!
1853 – Commodore Matthew 1853 – Commodore Matthew PerryPerry
“Opens Up” Japan to “Opens Up” Japan to Western Trade!Western Trade!
1853 – Commodore Matthew 1853 – Commodore Matthew PerryPerry
“Opens Up” Japan to “Opens Up” Japan to Western Trade!Western Trade!
What Did the U. S. Want??What Did the U. S. Want??What Did the U. S. Want??What Did the U. S. Want??
Coaling stations.
More trading partners.
A haven for ship-wrecked sailors.
Perry’s Perry’s “Black “Black Ships”Ships”
Perry’s Perry’s “Black “Black Ships”Ships”
The Treaty of Kanagawa - The Treaty of Kanagawa - 18541854
The Treaty of Kanagawa - The Treaty of Kanagawa - 18541854
Japan Learns a Lesson!Japan Learns a Lesson!Japan Learns a Lesson!Japan Learns a Lesson!
In 1862, just before the start of the Meiji period, Tokugawa sent officials and scholars to China to study the situation there. A Japanese recorded in his diary from Shanghai…
The Chinese have become servants to the foreigners. Sovereignty may belong to China but in fact it's no more than a colony of Great Britain and France.
China’s “Unequal Treaties”China’s “Unequal Treaties”China’s “Unequal Treaties”China’s “Unequal Treaties”
After the Opium War of 1839-1842, Japan was convinced that it had to Open Up to the West.
The The Shi-shiShi-shi (“Men of High (“Men of High Purpose”)Purpose”)
The The Shi-shiShi-shi (“Men of High (“Men of High Purpose”)Purpose”) Highly idealistic Highly idealistic samuraisamurai who felt that the who felt that the
arrival of Westerners was an attack on arrival of Westerners was an attack on thethe traditional values of Japan. traditional values of Japan.
They believed that:They believed that:
Japan was sacred ground.Japan was sacred ground.
The emperor, now a figurehead inThe emperor, now a figurehead in Kyoto, was a God. Kyoto, was a God.
Were furious at the Shogun for signing Were furious at the Shogun for signing treatiestreaties with the West without the Emperor’s with the West without the Emperor’s consent.consent.
Their sloganTheir slogan Revere the Emperor, ExpelRevere the Emperor, Expel the Barbarians! the Barbarians!
The Meiji Revolt - 1868The Meiji Revolt - 1868The Meiji Revolt - 1868The Meiji Revolt - 1868 A group of A group of samuraisamurai overthrow the overthrow the Shogunate because Shogunate because they were angry that they were angry that the Shogunate signed the Shogunate signed treaties with West treaties with West without Emperor’s without Emperor’s consent consent
“ “revere the revere the emperor, expel emperor, expel barbarians” – afraid barbarians” – afraid Japan would be under Japan would be under W. control! W. control!
The Shogunate Is The Shogunate Is Overthrown!Overthrown!
The Shogunate Is The Shogunate Is Overthrown!Overthrown! The last
Shogun.
Tokugawa Yoshinobu.
The Emperor Is “Restored” The Emperor Is “Restored” to Powerto Power
The Emperor Is “Restored” The Emperor Is “Restored” to Powerto Power
MEIJI “Enlightened Rule”
MEIJI
• - Refers to restoring Emperor to power but also WHOLE PERIOD OF JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL MODERNIZATION
• Do not want to be western, but want to have political, economic and military equality to Western Powers while PRESERVING their culture
• A modern industrial economy under authoritarian, emperior rule! IMERIALISM!
Newspaper Cartoon, 1870s?Newspaper Cartoon, 1870s?Newspaper Cartoon, 1870s?Newspaper Cartoon, 1870s?
Enlightened Half-Enlightened Un-Enlightened
Modernization Modernization by by
“Selective “Selective Borrowing”Borrowing”
Modernization Modernization by by
“Selective “Selective Borrowing”Borrowing”
Popular board Popular board game.game.
Start by leavingStart by leaving Japan & studying in Japan & studying in various Western various Western capitals. capitals.
End by returning toEnd by returning to Japan and Japan and becoming abecoming a prominent prominent governmentgovernment official. official.
EuropeanEuropeanGoodsGoods
EuropeanEuropeanGoodsGoods
Europe began Europe began toto “loom large” in “loom large” in
the thinking of the thinking of many many Japanese.Japanese.
New sloganNew slogan:: Japanese Japanese Spirit;Spirit; Western Western Technology! Technology!
The Japanese Became The Japanese Became ObsessedObsessed
with Western Styleswith Western Styles
The Japanese Became The Japanese Became ObsessedObsessed
with Western Styleswith Western Styles
Civilization and Enlightenment!Civilization and Enlightenment!
Everything Western Was Everything Western Was Fashionable!Fashionable!
Everything Western Was Everything Western Was Fashionable!Fashionable!
Everything Western Was Everything Western Was Fashionable!Fashionable!
Everything Western Was Everything Western Was Fashionable!Fashionable!
Japanese soldiers with their wives.
The Rulers Set the Tone The Rulers Set the Tone with Western Dresswith Western Dress
The Rulers Set the Tone The Rulers Set the Tone with Western Dresswith Western Dress
Emperor Meiji Empress Haruko Emperor Meiji Empress Haruko (1868- 1912) (1868- 1912)
Changing Women’sChanging Women’sFashionsFashions
Changing Women’sChanging Women’sFashionsFashions
1900 Styles1900 Styles The FirstThe First“Miss Japan”“Miss Japan”
(1908)(1908)
MeijiMeijiReforRefor
msms
MeijiMeijiReforRefor
msms
AbolitionAbolitionof the of the
feudal systemfeudal system
AbolitionAbolitionof the of the
feudal systemfeudal system
LandLandRedistributionRedistribution
LandLandRedistributionRedistribution
Human Rights Human Rights & Religious& Religious
FreedomFreedom
Human Rights Human Rights & Religious& Religious
FreedomFreedom
Build aBuild aModern NavyModern Navy
(British)(British)
Build aBuild aModern NavyModern Navy
(British)(British)
WesternizeWesternizethe Schoolthe School
SystemSystem(Fr. & Ger.)(Fr. & Ger.)
WesternizeWesternizethe Schoolthe School
SystemSystem(Fr. & Ger.)(Fr. & Ger.)
Modernize Modernize the Armythe Army(Prussian)(Prussian)
Modernize Modernize the Armythe Army(Prussian)(Prussian)
EmperorEmperorWorshipWorship
IntensifiedIntensified
EmperorEmperorWorshipWorship
IntensifiedIntensified
WrittenWrittenConstitutionConstitution(Germans)(Germans)
WrittenWrittenConstitutionConstitution(Germans)(Germans)
ModernModernBankingBankingSystemSystem
ModernModernBankingBankingSystemSystem
ExpansionismExpansionism& the Rise of Military Power& the Rise of Military Power
ExpansionismExpansionism& the Rise of Military Power& the Rise of Military Power
New players on the New players on the block?block?
Sino-Japanese War: 1894-1895Sino-Japanese War: 1894-1895Sino-Japanese War: 1894-1895Sino-Japanese War: 1894-1895
The Meiji Emperor was in Hiroshima during the The Meiji Emperor was in Hiroshima during the Sino-Japanese WarSino-Japanese War
Soldiers on the BattlefieldSoldiers on the BattlefieldDuring the Sino-Japanese WarDuring the Sino-Japanese War
Soldiers on the BattlefieldSoldiers on the BattlefieldDuring the Sino-Japanese WarDuring the Sino-Japanese War
The The Treaty of ShimonosekiTreaty of Shimonoseki ended the ended the war.war.
Today—Tensions Between Today—Tensions Between China & JapanChina & Japan
Today—Tensions Between Today—Tensions Between China & JapanChina & Japan
EEZEEZ-Exclusive -Exclusive EconomicEconomic Zone. Zone.
Offshore gas field in Offshore gas field in the East China Sea the East China Sea reveals recently reveals recently strained relations strained relations between China & between China & Japan.Japan.
Tension over disputedTension over disputed gas field on the rise, gas field on the rise, exacerbating mutual exacerbating mutual mistrust dating back to mistrust dating back to the Sino-Japanese War. the Sino-Japanese War.
The Russo-Japanese War:The Russo-Japanese War:1904-19051904-1905
The Russo-Japanese War:The Russo-Japanese War:1904-19051904-1905
The The Battle of TsushimaBattle of Tsushima::The results startled the world!The results startled the world!
President Teddy Roosevelt President Teddy Roosevelt Mediates the PeaceMediates the Peace
President Teddy Roosevelt President Teddy Roosevelt Mediates the PeaceMediates the Peace
The The Treaty of PortsmouthTreaty of Portsmouth, NH ended , NH ended the Russo-Japanese War.the Russo-Japanese War.
Japan Annexes KoreaJapan Annexes KoreaJapan Annexes KoreaJapan Annexes Korea
Japan Is a Player in ChinaJapan Is a Player in ChinaJapan Is a Player in ChinaJapan Is a Player in China
Competition from Another Competition from Another “Pacific” Power Is on the “Pacific” Power Is on the
HorizonHorizon
Competition from Another Competition from Another “Pacific” Power Is on the “Pacific” Power Is on the
HorizonHorizon
The U. S. “Great White Fleet”The U. S. “Great White Fleet”The U. S. “Great White Fleet”The U. S. “Great White Fleet”
But, Japanese Power Would But, Japanese Power Would Grow . . .Grow . . .
But, Japanese Power Would But, Japanese Power Would Grow . . .Grow . . .