PowerPoint Presentation

QAD cells

Cell Theory song

Bacteria vs ArchaebacteriaEubacteriaArchaebacteriaeubacteria: smallest organism bacteria live in common areas - like ground, skin, soil, water, in/on other organisms, etc

ALIKE: both are prokaryotesthey do not have nucleusdo not have membrane organelleshave DNA, cell membranes, ribosomesarchaebacteria: different type of ribosomes unique cell walls and cell membranes more like a eukaryotic cell, can live in unique areas- three types: heat-loving, salt-loving, and methane-making.

Prokaryote vs Eukaryote CellsProkaryote: Eukaryote:

simple, no complex *Complex, lots of structures in cell structures in cell*No nucleus * Nucleus *ex: bacteria ex: higher order plant and animal cells

About Cell MembranesAll cells have a cell membraneFunctions: Controls what enters and exits the cell to maintain an internal balance called homeostasisProvides protection and support for the cell

TEM picture of a real cell membrane.

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Cellular Transport

Passive Transportcell uses no energy molecules move randomlyMolecules spread out from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. (HighLow)

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3 Types of Passive TransportDiffusion Facilitative Diffusion diffusion with the help of transport proteins Osmosis diffusion of water

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Passive Transport: 1. DiffusionDiffusion: random movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. (High to Low)Diffusion continues until all molecules are evenly spaced (equilibrium is reached)-Note: molecules will still move around but stay spread out.

http://bio.winona.edu/berg/Free.htm

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2. Facilitated diffusion: diffusion of specific particles through transport proteins found in the membrane Transport Proteins are specific they select only certain molecules to cross the membraneTransports larger or charged molecules

Passive Transport: 2. Facilitated DiffusionABhttp://bio.winona.edu/berg/Free.htm

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3.Osmosis: diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membraneWater moves from high to low concentrations

Water moves freely through pores.Solute (green) to large to move across.Passive Transport: 3. Osmosis

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Active Transportcell uses energy actively moves molecules to where they are neededMovement from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration (Low High)

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Types of Active Transport1. Endocytosis: taking bulky material into a cell Uses energyCell membrane in-folds around food particlecell eatingforms food vacuole & digests foodThis is how white blood cells eat bacteria!

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Types of Active Transport2. Exocytosis: Forces material out of cell in bulkmembrane surrounding the material fuses with cell membraneCell changes shape requires energyEX: Hormones or wastes released from cell

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Effects of Osmosis on Life

Osmosis- diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Water is so small and there is so much of it the cell cant control its movement through the cell membrane.

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Types of Cellular TransportPassive Transport cell doesnt use energyDiffusionFacilitated DiffusionOsmosis

Active Transportcell does use energyEndocytosisExocytosis

highlowThis is gonna be hard work!!

highlowWeeee!!!

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Hypotonic Solution

Hypotonic: The solution has a lower concentration of solutes and a higher concentration of water than inside the cell. (Low solute; High water)Result: Water moves from the solution to inside the cell): Cell Swells and bursts open (cytolysis)!

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Hypertonic SolutionHypertonic: The solution has a higher concentration of solutes and a lower concentration of water than inside the cell. (High solute; Low water)Result: Water moves from inside the cell into the solution: Cell shrinks (Plasmolysis)!

shrinks

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Isotonic SolutionIsotonic: The concentration of solutes in the solution is equal to the concentration of solutes inside the cell.Result: Water moves equally in both directions and the cell remains same size! (Dynamic Equilibrium)

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PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CELLULAR RESPIRATION

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Key Elements

Chloroplasts - Organelles found only in plant cells that carry out photosynthesis.Mitochondria - Organelles found in plant and animal cells that carry out cellular respiration.

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EQUATION FOR PHOTOSYNTHESIS6CO2 +6H2O +ENERGYproducesC6H12O6 +6O2 CARBON DIOXIDEWATERGLUCOSEOXYGEN

ReactantsProducts

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EQUATION FOR RESPIRATIONC6H12O6 +GLUCOSE6O2OXYGENproduces6CO2 +CARBON DIOXIDE6H2O +ENERGYWATERATP

ReactantsProducts

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HOW IT RELATES!

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Overview of photosynthesis and respirationPHOTOSYNTHESISCELLACTIVITIESRESPIRATION

SUNRADIANT ENERGYGLUCOSEATP(ENERGY)

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Can You See How It Relates?Click Here

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Lesson SummaryPhotosynthesis and cellular respiration are related. How?Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast of plant cells.Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria of plant and animal cells. Whenever you see an arrow in our equations, think produces.Reactants produce products. Remember, what one produces the other one needs. It is a cycle.

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