pv-battery integrated module - kivi integrated module ... pouch cel l s charge control l er ... •...
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PV-Battery Integrated Module
Víctor Vega Garita
Vermogenselektronica 20th of June 2017
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Motivation
• Current PV-battery systems are complex and
costly. Disadvantages
High
installation
cost
A lot of
space used
Low
integration
degree
Source: Saft Batteries
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Our idea • Integrate all components of a PV-battery system
in one device
• Advantages:
– Plug and play solution
– Reduction of installation cost
– Space saving solution
– Modular approach
– Portable solution
Pouch cells
Charge controller
(MPPT)
PV module
Microinverter
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Design considerations
• Thermal behavior
– Aging, volume vs. weight, and safety
• Battery technology
– C-rate and aging
• Optimum battery capacity
– Storage motivations and cost
• PV-battery electrical architecture
– Efficiency and cost
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Analysis of thermal behavior
• To determine operational conditions under
severe cases
• To evaluate Phase Change Materials as a heat
management solution
How to study the thermal behaviour?
• Thermal model using Finite Elements Method
(FEM)
• Select an appropriate study case
• Test a lab prototype for validation purposes
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FEM Model
• Heat conduction in solids
• Heat conduction in liquids
• Fluid dynamics
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
EVA
layersSi layerTedlar layer
ConverterCell 1
Aluminum frame
Glass layer
Air domain
PV
panel
Open boundary
or inlet
Open boundary
or outlet
Cell 2 Cell 3PCM PCM PCM
Air gap
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• Inputs
– Three days with highest ambient temperature,
highest solar irradiance, and lowest wind speed
in a year for NL.
a) b)
c) d)
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• System specification
Solar panel
Power 265 Wp
Open circuit voltage 38.6 V
Short circuit current 9.06 A
Efficiency 16.19 %
Power coefficient -0.41 %/°C
Battery (LiFePO4)
Capacity ≈ 1 kWh
Battery nominal voltage 3,2 V
Maximum temperature 55 °C
Specific energy 131 Wh/kg
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Results • Directly attached or not?
a) u = 1 m/s b) u = 8 m/s
c) u = 1 m/s d) u = 8 m/s
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• Directly attached or not?
• Optimal air gap
a)
c)
b)
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• PV temperature
• Battery pack temperature and PCM a)
b) c)
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• Validation
Charge Controller
(MPPT)
Load
Battery
PV panel
c) b) a)
d) e)
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Conclusion
• Air gap helps to reduce the temperature of the components.
• An air gap of 5-7 cm provides an appropriate packaging/cooling efficiency ratio.
• Batteries operate in safe a temperature range even under severe conditions.
• Phase change material is a useful heat management solution, it reduces by 5 °C the maximum battery
temperature.
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Questions?