Pushing the limits of IR

…an update of new possibilities in CLS

spectroscopy

Ferenc Borondics

CAP Meeting 2011, St. John’s, NL

“

The Canadian Light Source

Location, location, location...

“

The Mid IR beamline

The Mid IR beamline

Source Bending Magnet

Energy range

~200 – 8000 cm-1 (0.025 – 1 eV)

Resolution ~0.1 – 16 cm-1

Spot size Diffraction limited

Synchrotron advantage for Mid IR

Globar(black body)

Synchrotron

Microscopy…

X-ray microscope

Big objective

Oil immersion objectiveN

A =

0.6

5

Diffraction limited resolution.

Not possible with regular sources.

2.46 μm

3000 cm-

1

2000 cm-1

1500 cm-1

2000 cm-1

Synchrotron Radiation GlobarVisible

Microscopy

SR FPA imaging

Reflectionsetup

Time resolved measurements

4ns time resolution, Step/Scan bench

TransmissionReflectionGrazing IncidenceATR

64x64 element FPA, Hyperion 3000

Micro-PAS

Low temperature

…recent developments

PEM for polarizationNIR detection

Microscopy…plans for the future

FIR microscopy extension – bolometer attachmentIn situ pressure measurement for high-pressure

experiments

Breaking the diffraction limit

Microscopy…plans for the future

New beamline

Users – various fields

Usage: 68% oversubscribed

Biology: seeds, tissue sections, plant sciences, paleontology, environmental science

60%

Chemistry: electrochemistry, fundamental food science, diamonds15%

Physics: solid state physics, geophysics, high-pressure superconductivity15%

CE WE

RE

Flow Through Holes

Kinetics: decrease RC time constant

Small electrode size

Need for SR

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

q /

μC

time / s

-0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6

-0.10

-0.05

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

i / μ

A

E vs Ag wire

0 30 32 34 36 38

-0.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

E /

V v

s A

g

time / s

Rosendahl SM; Borondics F; May T; Pedersen T; Burgess I, Anal. Chem. 83 (10), 3632-3639, 2011.

potentiostat

Apply Erest

DAQComputer

FTIRMicroscope

e-chem cell

Apply Eref

Get ready…

Let’s roll!

Apply Estep

SpectraDirect detector signal

Ecell/I

Rosendahl SM; Borondics F; May T; Pedersen T; Burgess I, Anal. Chem. 83 (10), 3632-3639, 2011.

Results

1900 2000 2100 2200 2300

-0.01

0.00

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

S/S

Wavenumber / cm-1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

-12

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

ab

s) x

100

0

time / s

0 1 2 3-1.2

-0.8

-0.4

0.0

0.4

0.8

1.2

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (

mM

)

time / s

Fe(CN)64- = Fe(CN)6

3- + e-

Fe(CN)64-

Fe(CN)63-

loss

creation

Rosendahl SM; Borondics F; May T; Pedersen T; Burgess I, Anal. Chem. 83 (10), 3632-3639, 2011.

http://www.physics.utoronto.ca/~kburch/

20μm

42nm160nm 110nm

100nm10μm

20μm

13nm

L.J. Sandilands et al., PRB 82, 064503 (2010)

Bi2Sr2Ca1-xDyxCu2O8+δ

x=0.3,0.4

Exfoliated superconductors

Topological insulators

NbSe2

Bi-2212 MoS2

Graphene1mm

Exfoliation (Scotch tape-ing)

…another example (ALS)

Bilayer graphene

Thank you!

Mid IR beamlineCanadian Light Source

http://midir.lightsource.ca