purpose & goal of pbis · pdf filemajor portions of the following material were developed...
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Major portions of the following material were developed by:
George Sugai & Rob Horner
OSEP Funded Technical Assistance Center
www.pbis.org
In conjunction with the
Iowa Department of Education
updated March 2015
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Purpose & Goal of PBIS
FRAMEWORK
for creating
a healthy system…
more about this later
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About 20% of you… Excited
Hopeful
Dive right in
“Let’s go!”
“Just tell me what to do.”
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About 60% of you… Hesitant
Curious
Observant
“Tell me more.”
“I’ll try this and see what happens”
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About 20% of you… Resistant
Frustrated
“No way.”
“What now?!”
“This too shall pass.”
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Research Findings Research Sources
Reviews of over 800 studies on how to reduce school discipline problems indicate that the least effective responses to school violence are: 1) Counseling (talking therapies) 2) Psychotherapy 3) Punishment
Gottfredson, 1997 Lipsey, 1991; 1992 Tolan & Guerra, 1994 Elliott, Hamburg, Williams, 1998
The same research reviews indicate that the most effective responses to school violence are: 1) Social Skills Training 2) Academic Restructuring 3) Behavioral Interventions
Gottfredson, 1997 Elliot, Hamburg, & Williams, 1998 Tolan & Guerra, 1994 Lipsey, 1991; 1992
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Research Findings Research Sources
Exclusion and punishment are the most common responses to conduct disorders in schools.
Lane & Murakami, (1987) Rose, (1988) Nieto, (1999) Sprick, Borgmeier, & Nolet, (2002)
Yet, Exclusion and Punishment are ineffective at producing long-term reductions in problem behaviors.
Costenbader & Markson (1998)
“Exposure to exclusionary discipline has been shown, not to improve school outcomes, but in fact to be associated with higher rates of school dropout.”
Skiba, Peterson and Williams, 1997 Ekstrom, Goertz, Pollack, & Rock, 1986 Wehlage & Rutter, 1986 Sprick, Borgmeier, Nolet, 2002
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8 Taken from Building the Capacity of Schools, Districts and States to Implement School‐wide PBIS
Rob Horner University of Oregon www.pbis.org
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Here’s What Else We Know
We cannot “make” students learn & behave.
We can create environments to increase the likelihood students learn & behave.
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Core
Brain Development
Principles
Our brains are designed to benefit from rich & supportive intimate
relationships.
Brain function is hierarchical.
We feel and then we think.
Brain development is ‘use dependent.’
Brain systems change with use throughout life.
Resource: Blodgett, Christopher (2012), Washington State University
Only
Calm Brains
can Learn…
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Main Logic of PBIS Calm Brains
Prevention
Teaching
Effective practices
Nurturing systems
Structure
Consistency
Predictability
Stability
Safety
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How many models?
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Mom
Dad
Grandma
Grandpa
Aunt
Uncle
Cousins
Sister
Brother
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
Principal
Friends
Counselor
Neighbors Teacher Teacher
Media
Teacher
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What is School Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports?
FRAMEWORK - SW-PBIS provides structure and support for developing systems of positive and proactive school-wide and individualized interventions strategies that…
promote a positive learning environment,
create a positive culture,
teach and reinforce appropriate behaviors,
prevent problem behaviors.
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OUTCOMES
PRACTICES
SW-PBIS: 4 Core
Elements
Social Competence,
Academic Achievement,
and Safety
Supporting
Decision
Making
Supporting
Staff Behavior
Supporting
Student Behavior 14
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DATA PRACTICES SYSTEMS OUTCOMES
Build your school
based on DATA
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Supportive Practices
Define behavioral expectations
Teach behavioral expectations
Monitor and acknowledge appropriate behavior
Provide corrective consequences for problem behaviors.
Use collected data to solve problems and make decisions.
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PRACTICES
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Define School-Wide Expectations for Behavior
Identify 3-5 Expectations
Short statements
Positive Statements (what to do, not what to avoid doing)
Memorable
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Define 3-5
school-wide expectations
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Teach School-Wide Expectations for Behavior
Develop lesson plans connecting the school-wide expectations and behaviors within ALL locations
Teach expectations and behavioral skills in natural context
Utilize various methods of teaching
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Teach expectations
and behavioral skills in
natural context
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On-going Monitoring and Acknowledging of Appropriate Behavior
Every faculty and staff member acknowledges appropriate
behavior.
5 to 1 ratio of positive to negative contacts Create a system that makes acknowledgement easy and
simple for staff and students. Specific and sincere Layers of acknowledgement (SW, class-wide, individual)
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Individual Acknowledgement
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The quickest way to change behavior… in anyone.
Research indicates that you can improve behavior
by 80% just by pointing out what someone is doing
correctly.
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Intensive
0-5%
Targeted
5-15%
Universal
80-90% 24
5:1
20:1 Positive to Negative
Ratio
15:1
Without
feedback
students
do not learn.
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Corrective Consequences for Challenging Behaviors The PURPOSE of corrective consequences:
Prevent escalation of challenging behaviors Prevent/minimize reinforcement of challenging
behaviors Teach expected behaviors (when used effectively)
Provide clear guidelines for staff: Teacher/Staff-Managed vs. Office-Managed Minor vs. Major Office Discipline Referrals (ODRs)
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Types of Data Behavioral Data
Office Discipline Referrals (e.g., SWIS)
Suspension/Expulsion Data
Achievement Indicators
Fidelity of Implementation Data
Various Checklists & Surveys
Self-Assessment Survey
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DATA
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Use of Data
1. Use behavioral data to make decisions and solve problems
2. Use fidelity data to determine implementation integrity
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Behavior Data: to make decisions & solve problems
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Time
Location
Day of Week
Problem
Behavior
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Targeted Tier: Small group, targeted,
evidence-based
instruction for some
students
Intensive Tier: Individualized, intensive,
evidence-based instruction
for a few students
Universal Tier:
Robust Instruction
in Behavior & Academics
for All Students
MTSS
Layers are added for those
that need additional
supports
Universal, Targeted, and Intensive
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PBIS is Team-based & Adapted to Fit Local Schools
Team established, trained, & supported
Active administrative support & involvement
Framework built to fit school needs Never give up something that already works
Different paths to the same outcomes.
PBIS is a framework
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SYSTEMS
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PBIS Team Administrator (active participant) Teachers and non teaching staff
Cross-grade representation General Education Special Education Behavior Specialists (guidance counselor, support staff)
PBIS Coaches (Internal & External) Family Members Community Members Students, as appropriate
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Benefits of District-wide Implementation Smoother and more successful transitions among
school buildings
District resources to build PBIS capacity and PBIS implementation with fidelity
Consistent language, training and planning regarding effective strategies/supports
Increased community awareness, participation, and resources
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Training Sequence 1st Year of Training
Universal/Tier 1 Training
2nd Year of Training Targeted/Tier 2 Training
3rd Year of Training Intensive/Tier 3 Training
Coaches Meetings On-going for internal & external coaches
Support and on-going work beyond three years
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Culture & Climate Defined… Culture is defined by our Beliefs & what we Value Climate is defined by our Organizational Structure
of Behavioral Supports and our Attitude by how we implement those supports
Student Outcomes are a by-product of our culture
So, our current student outcomes are based on our current school culture
Slide Resource: Improving School Climate and Student Behavior through Positive Behavior Supports Webinar by Doug Maraffa @ Review360: Behavior Matters
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Establish Commitment Administrator agrees to be an active member of
the PBIS team. Staff/Faculty support the need for behavioral
change. Behavioral change is a top priority of the school. Three-year training commitment and effort to
sustain beyond three years. Utilize Self-Assessment Survey results to
determine staff commitment of at least 80% for creating a safe climate & culture
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Determining Readiness for SW-PBIS
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School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions & Support Systems
School-Wide
Systems
(18)
Non-Classroom Systems
(9)
Individual Student Support Systems
(8)
Classroom Systems
(11)
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Self-Assessment Survey (SAS):
Provides staff perception data to
determine implementation fidelity
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Self-Assessment Survey (SAS) Instructions for completing this survey for your school’s
current behavior system:
4 sections (46 total items):
1. Schoolwide: 18 items
2. Nonclassroom: 9 items
3. Classroom: 11 items
4. Individual: 8 items
For each item there are two ratings to complete:
1. Current Status: In Place, Partial, Not Rate based on your perception of the item being fully In Place, Partially in place,
OR Not in place
2. Improvement Priority: High, Medium, Low Rate based on your perception of the item being a High need for improvement,
Medium need for improvement, OR Low need for improvement 38
Completed by ALL staff
at least one time per year
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Iowa Behavioral Alliance - An Initiative of the Iowa Department of Education
. . . for positive behavior supports, dropout prevention, and mental health initiatives
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Video Example Creating the Culture of Positive Behavior Supports
Video has representation of all levels
30 minutes 14 seconds
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vc-Tjqm20cU&feature=player_embedded
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References Costenbader and Markson, 1998 Ekstrp, Goertz, Pollack and Rock, 1986
Elliott, D.S., Hamburg, B.A., & Williams, K.R. (1998). Violence in American Schools: An Overview. In D.S. Elliott, B.A. Hamburg, & K.R. Williams (Eds.), Violence in American Schools (pp. 3–28). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Gottfredson, G. D., & Gottfredson, D. C. (1997). School-based prevention programs defined and taxonomies of school-based prevention activities and objectives used in the National Study of Delinquency Prevention in Schools. Ellicott City, MD: Gottfredson Associates.
Lane and Murakami, 1987
Lipsey, M. W. (1991). The effect of treatment on juvenile delinquents: Results from meta-analysis. In F. Losel, D. Bender, & T. Bliesener (Eds), Psychology and law. New York: Walter de Gruyter.
Lipsey, M. W. (1992). Juvenile delinquency treatment: A meta-analytic inquiry into the variability of effects. In T. D. Cook, H. Cooper, D. S. Cordray, H. Hartman, L. V. Hedges, R. V. Light, T. A. Louis, & F. Mostellar (Eds), Meta-analysis for explanation. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Nieto, 1999 Rose, 1988 Skiba, Peterson, Williams, 1997
Skiba, R. J., & Peterson, R. L. (2000). School discipline at a crossroads: From zero tolerance to early response. Exceptional Children, 66, 335-347
Sprick, Borgmeier, and Nolet, 2002
Tolan, P., & Guerra, N. (1994). What works in reducing adolescent violence: An empirical review of the field. Center for the Study and Prevention of Violence. University of Colorado, Boulder.
Wehlage and Rutter, 1986
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In Conclusion…
A Pep Talk from Kid President
http://www.teachthought.com/interest/a-pep-talk-for-teachers-kid-president/
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