pumps unit 10. learning objectives tlw be able to describe the following about pumps used in the...
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PumpsPumps
Unit 10Unit 10
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Learning Objectives
• TLW be able to describe the following about pumps used in the process industry:– Types– Uses– Operation– Monitoring– Maintenance– Troubleshooting– Hazards
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Warm up QuestionsWarm up Questions
• How are dynamic pumps different from positive displacement pumps?
• What are some hazards associated w/ the operations of pumps?
• What is cavitation? What can cause it?
• List 3 monitoring and maintenance activities associated w/ pumps.
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Today’s AgendaToday’s Agenda
• Purpose/function of pumps• Applications in the Process
Industry • Types of pumps and their
applications • Pump hazards• Monitoring and maintenance• Symbols
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Pumps in the Process Pumps in the Process IndustryIndustry
• Purpose: to cause liquids to flow through a process
• Liquids are cohesive (molecules touch each other) but have no definite shape
• Slurries – liquid/solid mixture
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Types of PumpsTypes of Pumps
Positive Displacement Dynamic
Reciprocating Rotary Centrifugal Axial
Piston & Cylinder GearsDiaphragm Screws
LobesCamsVanes
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Centrifugal PumpsCentrifugal Pumps
• Operating principle – centrifugal force caused by circular rotation
• Used to move large volumes of liquids w/ low viscosities
• Centrifugal force spins liquid away from the center
• Can be mounted in horizontal or vertical position
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Positive Positive Displacement Pumps Displacement Pumps
Reciprocating•Piston or other mechanism moves back and forth•Intake stroke – admits fluid into chamber•Discharge Stroke – discharges fluid through outlet•Good for metering specific amounts of fluids
Rotary•Screw, gears, lobes or vanes rotate•Moves heavier fluid, viscous fluids, including slurries•Discharges large amounts of fluid at low pressures
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Pump HazardsPump Hazards
Improper Operation– Starting pump with discharge closed– Starting pump with drain open– Starting pump with vent open– Poor lubrication
Impacts– Physical - Production– Equipment -
Environment
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Monitoring and Monitoring and MaintenanceMaintenance
• Daily• Check pressure across pump• Check oil levels/seals• Drains
• Weekly• Check oil• Wash down• Swap pumps
• Monthly• Change oil• Wash down around pump• Adjust packing
PreventiveBearing, seals, worn parts
• Look– Oil levels– Seal & Flange Leaks– Suction Discharge Pressure
Gauges– Water collecting (bearing failure)
• Listen– Abnormal noises (ex. cavitation)
• Touch– heat– Vibration
• Smell– Leaks– heat
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Pump SymbolsPump Symbols
• See handout in section 11
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Screw pump – horizontal mount
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Vertically Mounted Pump
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Piston pump
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Diaphragm pump
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Gear Pump
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Single Screw Pump
Twin Screw Pump
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http://www.scs.uiuc.edu/chem_eng/kraftunitops2/image/lobe_pump_animation.gif
Lobed pump
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Internal gear pump
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Sliding Vane pump
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Multistage Pump
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Multistage pump impeller
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Multistage pump w/ driver (motor)
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Independent Practice
• Pump Components Worksheet• Pump Curve Exercise