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PumpkinseedHISTORY OF CARE

Welcome to the CONNECTICUT AQUATIC RESOURCES EDUCATION PROGRAM

The CONNECTICUT AQUATIC RESOURCES EDUCATION (CARE) Program is part of the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP) ndash Bureau of Natural Resourcersquos Inland Fisheries Division The DEEP Bureau of Natural Resources conserves and manages the statersquos natural resources (particularly fish wildlife and forests) through regulation research and public education Your participation in the CARE program supports the mission of the Inland Fisheries Division To Advance the Conservation Enhancement Restoration Use and Appreciation of Connecticutrsquos Inland and Diadromous Fisheries and Fish Habitats We thank you for your support

About CARE Since 1986 CARE has been introducing children and families to the fun of fishing The CARE program trains and certifies volunteers from around the state to teach Family Fishing Courses CARE instructor volunteer time is docu-mented and used as state in-kind match for federal sport fish restoration funding which allows CARE to function with little to no state funding

Local Certified CARE Instructors and biologists provide expert instruction fun demonstrations and hands-on activities CARE is a science-based package of en-vironmental ecological and angling information During our Family Fishing Class you will learn to cast identify your catch select the right bait and tie a strong knot You will be on your way to become an interested knowledgeable and skilled angler

This workbook will introduce you to the basics of fishing and teach you how to become a responsible ldquoANGLERrdquo An angler is someone who fishes and is a key component in the way we manage our statersquos fisheries Well-informed and educated anglers have a better understanding of the resource and the role they play in its management Fishing is a fun family sport that we hope you will adopt as an activity of choice for your family

II Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

SPORT FISH RESTORATION

America is home to large numbers and varieties of wild creatures Yet only a few decades ago wild-lifersquos survival was very much in doubt Early settlers harvested an abundance of wildlife wiping out some species and reducing others to just a fraction of their original numbers

Because of this Congress passed the Wildlife Restoration Act (Pitman-Robertson) in 1937 and the Sport Fish Restoration Act (Dingell- Johnson 1950 Wallop- Breaux 1984) enabling the US Fish amp Wild-life Service through the Wildlife and Sport Fish Res-toration Program (WSFR) to conserve protect and enhance fish wildlife their habitats and the hunt-ing sport fishing and recreational boating opportu-nities they provide

These laws provide legislation to collect tax on motor boat fuels excise taxes on fishing equip-ment hunting arms (guns bows ammunitions and arrows) and import duties on yachts and pleasure craft The money collected from these taxes is deposited into a national trust fund (one for fish and one for wildlife) The US Fish amp Wildlife Service manages these trust funds awarding grants to state fish and wildlife agencies so they can improve fish wildlife and boating (For more detailed informa-tion visit wwwwsfrprogramsfwsgov)

Since then the populations and ranges of numer-ous species have been extended far beyond what they were in the 1930s

Federal funding from WSFR pays for up to 75 percent of project costs with the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP) paying at least 25 percent A steady source of funding lets the Bureau of Natural Resources make a lasting impact on species popu-lations DEEP receives about $7 million each year from federal excise taxes for sport fish and wildlife restoration WSFR has greatly aided in a nationwide effort to enlist science in the cause of wildlife conservation About 26 percent of WSFR funding to states is used for surveys and research Surveys provide solid information on the num-bers and activities of species which helps biologists make management decisions This includes season dates bag limits habitat improvements etc

Research findings have enabled managers to keep wildlife in balance with their environments and to permit more people to enjoy fish and wildlife without endangering the future of any species

Aquatic Education is designed to make each angler aware of how his or her behavior affects others and the resource It also helps introduce new anglers to the sport of fishing by teaching the basic knowledge an angler needs to get started

The cycle of natural resource management success

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection III

Youth Fishing Passport Welcome to the angling community The Youth Fishing Passport is the perfect way to instill a sense of pride in your aspiring young angler 15 years old and younger Registration is free through the CT DEEP online sportsmen licensing system (wwwctgovdeepsportsmenlicensing) As a passport holder you have joined the hundreds of thousands of people who enjoy fishing and being outdoors Your Conservation ID printed on your passport will remain with you for life Each time you renew or register for a fishing hunting or boating license you will use this number

Your Youth Fishing Passport provides access to 2 great fishing activities ldquogeo-catchingrdquo and the ldquofishing challengerdquo Each encourage families to work together to try and catch a list of fish from around the state Email a photo of your catch to deepinlandfisheriesctgov and we will keep track of your success

Passport holders also can receive a discount or free items from passport sponsors

For more information or assistance contact Mike Beauchene at 860-424-4185 mikebeauchenectgov or visit the Youth Fishing Passport Web Page at wwwctgovDEEPYFP

YOUTH FISHING PASSPORTConnecticutDepartment of Energy and Environmental Protection

2015 Conservation License 2015

Privileges Date IssuedJR YOUTH FISHING PASSPORT 04292015This free youth fishing passport acknowledges the holderrsquos privilege of fishing in accordance of the laws of Connecticut and is eligible for an adult fishing license at the age of 16

ApplicantConservation ID 1039777 Gender MTHOMAS J SMITH DOB 0101200279 ELM ST

HARTFORD CT 06106US

HT 5 4 WT 125Eyes BROWNHair BROWN

Signature

I declare under penalties of false statement as provided for in the Connecticut General Statutes that the statements herein made by me are true and correct

Refer to the current hunting and fishing guides boaters guide the marine circular or the DEEPs website for specific regulations and reporting requirements

DEEP Website wwwctgovdeepDEEP EnCon Police TIP Line 1-800-842-4357 (HELP)DEEP EnCon Police Line 1-860-424-3333ACTCT DEEP License

This license is not valid unless it is signed

The Youth Fishing Passport comes in 2 formats depending upon the anglerrsquos age Those who are 12 to 15 receive the printout similar to adult licenses (above) those under 12 receive the 4-fish version (left)

ldquoThe YFP gave me the framework structure and confidence to take my children fishing Prior to this I was too intimidated to take them fishingrdquo Barbara G Newington

IV Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Chapter 1 Fishing Tackle 1

Chapter 2 Knots 5

Chapter 3 Responsible and Ethical Anglers 6

Chapter 4 Going Fishing 7

Chapter 5 Fish Identification 9

Chapter 6 Bait and Lures 12

Chapter 7 Care of the Catch 15

Chapter 8 Casting 17

Chapter 9 Fisheries Management 19

Ice Fishing 21

Saltwater Fishing 23

Activity Guide 24

Become a Care Instructor 28

TABLE OF CONTENTS

STATE OF CONNECTICUT Dannel P Malloy Governor

Department of Energy and Environmental Protection

79 Elm Street Hartford CT 06106wwwctgovDEEP

Robert Klee CommissionerSusan Whalen Deputy Commissioner

Bureau of Natural ResourcesWilliam Hyatt Bureau Chief

Marine Fisheries DivisionDavid G Simpson Director

Inland Fisheries Division

Peter J Aarrestad DirectorCARE Program Tom Bourret

Justin WigginsMike Beauchene

CARE Family Fishing ManualPublished by the State of Connecticut

June 2015

A special thank you to Daniel Griffith of the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation for providing us with the template text and many photos found in this document that he originally developed for the Oklahoma Fishing in Schools Program

Design and Layout Caryn Furbush

Text and Photos Justin Wiggins Tom Bourret

Mike Beauchene

Contact CARE 860-663-1656 DEEPinlandfishctgov

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection V

The Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection is an Affirmative Action and Equal Opportunity Employer that is committed to complying with the Americans with Disabilities Act To request an accommodation contact us at (860) 418-5910 or deepaccommodationsctgov

Printed on recycled paper

VI Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Reels All fishing reels typically consist of some sort of spool that holds the line with a handle to reel in the line There are different types of reels that vary in form and function and have varying degrees of difficulty in their use

Spincast reels are the most basic and easiest to use A spincast reel is the recommended choice for any beginning angler since it is easy to operate and difficult to tangle It is also very versatile in that it can be used in just about any form of fishing

Spinning reels are one of the more common reels used by experienced anglers This reel is different from the

spincast reel in that the spool is open and the reel hangs underneath the rod instead of sitting on top The reel is a bit more difficult to use and inexperienced users will easily tangle the line But with practice a spinning reel provides a much better option than a spincast reel

Baitcast reels are sort of a hybrid between the spincast and spinning reel The line is exposed on a spool similar to the spinning reel but the reel is back on top of the rod and the line is released by pushing a button with the thumb on the back similar to the spincast reel This is a more advanced reel used by experienced anglers and without practice the line can easily become tangled

Fishing tackle supplies and equipment are essential to the success of any angler This doesnrsquot mean you need to buy the most expensive product on the shelf But knowing what equipment is needed will help you succeed on your fishing trip The basic equipment any angler uses is nothing more than a rod and reel with line hook and weight The type of rod and reel size of the line hook and weight will all depend on the species of fish you intend to catch

Fly fishing reels are associated with a specific type of casting and rod This reel is used for fly fishing Like the spinning reel the fly reel hangs underneath the rod but is designed so that instead of your bait and tackle being the weight the line is the weight used to cast the fly A fly reel is not as complex as compared to other reels since the spool itself is merely a storage device to hold and retrieve line

Pumpkinseed FISHING TACKLE

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 1

Spinning reel

Baitcast reel

Spincast reel

Fly reel

FISHING TACKLERods The type of rod you use will depend upon the type of tackle you plan to use and which type of reel you have The length of a rod can vary from 5 to 65 feet for spinning and casting rods for freshwater fishing The length depends upon user preference But for beginners 55 feet is a good starting point for most freshwater fish found in Connecticut Rods can be described by their ldquoactionrdquo or the amount of flexibility the rod has The lighter the action the more flexible the rod will be A rod with heavier action will be stiffer and more resistant to bending Your preferred action depends upon the size and weight of the lure or bait used and the fish you plan to catch For beginners a medium action rod is a good starting point Most rods will have information about the length action and recommended weight of line printed or stamped near the base just before the handle

Fly rods are different in that they are longer usually 7 to 10 feet and vary in action depending upon the weight of line you are using They are normally in two pieces with the reel sitting below the grip keeping it out of the way

Heavy action

Medium action

2 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Light action

FISHING TACKLEThe Line

Fishing line is typically monofilament material that is designed to be nearly invisible in the water Fishing line is classified in ldquopound-testrdquo This measurement is a reference to the amount of force in pounds that is required to break the line The larger the pound-test number the stronger the line As the strength of the line increases so does the thickness a disadvantage as thicker line is easier for the fish to see Finding the right balance of pound-test diameter for the type of fishing you are doing is important For a begin-ner and with most spincast reels 6 to 8 pound-test line is recommended The Weight Weights also called sinkers are an important part of your fishing rig Weights come in differ-ent shapes and sizes for different uses The weight of the fishing line and hook is not enough to hold your bait down in the water A sinker helps hold your bait down in the water The weight also provides additional casting support to help get your bait into the water One of the most common weights is the split shot A split shot is usually a round lead or steel ball with a groove on one side and 2 tabs on the other The fishing line is placed in the groove and then pinched shut with pliers To remove the split shot all you need to do is squeeze the two tabs towards each other opening the groove The benefit to split shot over other types of weights is that it is very easy to adjust how much weight you need by adding and removing pieces without having to tie and untie

Different sizes of monofilament line in pound-test Shown are 30 pound 14 pound and 4 pound-test line (from left to right)

Hooks

Hooks come in different shapes and sizes The basic parts of a hook are the eye shank bend point and barb The purpose of the hook is to pierce the mouth of the fish and keep the fish from getting away The barb is an important feature that keeps the fish from sliding back off of the hook Some hooks do not have a barb because certain fishing regulations require barb-less hooks Some hooks may have more than one point and they are referred to as a double or treble hook (often found on many types of lures) The most common hook and a good hook to start with is a simple Aberdeen hook The Aber-deen hook is usually J-shaped with a U-shaped bend at the base of a longer shank The longer shank makes it easier to remove the hook from the fish Once the type of hook is selected then the size of hook is chosen Hook sizes are generally referred to using num-bers The smallest hook size is 32 and the largest is 200 (twenty aught)

Size 6-8 is perfect for freshwater fishing in Connecticut Using a hook that is too large might not allow a smaller fish to get the hook in its mouth Using a hook too small could allow a larger fish to bend or break the hook Most anglers usually have a few hook sizes on hand so they can switch should they believe the current hook being used is too small or too large FloatBobber A float generally called a bobber is a plastic bulb that

attaches to your line and floats in the water The bobber is placed above the hook and

weight on the line and can usually be ad-justed up or down on the line to allow your bait to remain at a certain depth below the surface Another purpose is to indicate to the angler when a fish

has taken the bait A bobber about the size of a quarter

is a great tool for a beginner angler since it will help to indicate when the angler should reel in the fish Bobbers come in many shapes and sizes

Common fishing hooks

Split shot weight

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

wwwctgovdeepfishing

Date

My First Fish I caught this fish on

while fishing at Waterbody name

with Who I was with

Insert your photo here Congratulations on your first fish from your friends at

Hook

Split shot weight

Line

Bobber

The basic fishing set up used by CARE

FISHING TACKLEGetting Started While many think of fishing from a boat the majority of anglers will start off fishing from a dock or from shore One of the simplest fishing rigs to use is a spincast rod and reel with a small hook (size 6-8) split shot weight and bobber (see below) When used with live bait typically a worm this method is guaranteed to bring success if fish are present and biting

To get started tie on a hook attach the bobber about 1-2 feet above the hook and then add the split shot directly be-low the bobber Once the tackle is set thread a worm on to the hook Following safe casting technique (chapter 7) cast your bait into the water and reel in any excess line Keep an eye on your bobber When it starts to bounce move or goes under the surface of the water set the hook by quickly and sharply lifting the rod tip up into the air Begin to reel in your fish Eventually you will see your fish coming to the waterrsquos surface Be careful not to jerk the fish out of the water but gently pull it up For larger fish using a dip net is recommended

My First Fish Congratulations Catching the first fish is a significant milestone you and your young angler will never forget Have your camera ready to capture the beaming smile and then preserve your memory by downloading this certificate from wwwctgovdeepyfp

Watch the CARE basics of fishing video at

wwwctgovDEEPCARE

4 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Learn to tie knots the fun and easy way from the creators of the webrsquos 1 knot site Animated Knots by Grog is sim-ply the best most comprehensive teaching and reference tool for fishermen Watch knots tie themselves in simple step-by-step photo animations or go frame-by-frame as you learn each knot Tap the info button to get detailed descriptions about each knotrsquos correct use advantages and disadvantages and other information

Knots A good fishing knot designed specifically for monofil-ament line is critical to the success of any angler Tying a fishing knot takes practice to learn but will help reduce the chance of losing a fish because of the line breaking or the knot coming undone The purpose of a fishing knot is to pro-vide a strong connection between the hook and line without degrading the quality of the fishing line If you are using 12 pound-test line and tie a simple knot in the line the strength of the line at the knot will be much less than 12 pounds An improper knot will easily result in a broken line and loss of the fish bait or lure and much frustration and disappoint-ment An improved clinch knot is one of the easiest fishing knots to tie and is a knot many anglers learned when they were beginners Before starting inspect your line for damage like cuts or abrasions Remove any damaged line Read on for instructions on how to properly tie an improved clinch knot How to tie an improved clinch knot

Step 1 Run the end of your line through the eye of the hook

Step 2 Twist the line around 5 or 6 times

Step 3 Run the end of the line through the loop above the eye of the hook but notice the new loop you are creating as you run the line through the loop

FISHING TACKLEKNOTS

Step 4 Now run the end of the line through the new loop you created in the previous step

Step 5 With the end of the line and hook in one hand gently pull the other end of the line away from the hook Remember you have a hook in your other hand so be care ful not to pull too hard or you could hook yourself

Step 6 Once your knot is pulled down tight you should have a series of tight coils If you have excess line hanging from the knot you can trim it close to the knot Donrsquot cut too close or the knot will come undone

Brook Trout

wwwanimatedknotscomHow to videos

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 5

Tip When using monofilament line it helps to wet your line before pulling it tight To wet your line dip your fingers in some water or spit then rub the line The moisture provides a lubricant to help the knot slide tight against the hook

Anglers are responsible for everything they do It is the individualrsquos responsibility to follow the rules and regulations and to make good ethical decisions when fishing

Ethical angling means doing what is right at all times even when no one is watching

Angler Responsibilities bull Always think of safety when around the water and dealing with tackle bull Follow the rules and regulations published in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guidebull Value the resource and treat it with respectbull Respect other anglers and be courteous to others on or near the water giving them the space to fishbull Practice proper fish handling techniques and release fish immediately back to the water if you decide not to keep thembull Take only the fish you intend to use bull Carry out more than you carry in (pick-up any garbage left behind by other anglers)

Angler Code of Ethics It is important as an angler to have a personal code of ethics Ethics are not always rules or regulations that we are required to follow by law but they are beneficial to the sport of fishing and its future

An Ethical Anglerbull Supports conservation effortsbull Does not pollute and disposes of trashbull Practices safe angling and boatingbull Obeys fishing laws and regulationsbull Respects other anglerrsquos rightsbull Respects property ownerrsquos rightsbull Shares fishing knowledge and skillbull Does not release live bait into watersbull Promotes ethical sport fishingbull Takes only the fish intended for use

Rock Bass

RESPONSIBLE AND ETHICAL ANGLERS

Catch and release fishing is the practice of returning fish unharmed immediately back to the water Some waters like Trout Management Areas require catch and release fish-ing Here are some tips to help ensure the fish are released unharmed

Consider barbless hooks or pinch down the barb to facili-tate a quick hook removal

Carry a pair of fine needle nose pliers or hemostats to help remove a deep set hook

Wet your hands before picking up the fish and handle as little as possible

If you plan on taking a photograph have your camera ready to go Avoid placing the fish on the ground (this is a good reason to fish with a buddy)

When holding the fish please support it horizontally by the tail and belly A large fish held vertically could experi-ence some internal organ damage and later die

For more information check out wwwTakemefishingorg specifically the link for ldquoCatch and Releaserdquo

Good catch and release technique will ensure little harm to the fish

Always carry out what you carry in and if others have left trash behind take theirs as well Loss of access can result when fishing trash is left behind

6 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGPreparing for a Successful Fishing Trip The definition of a successful fishing trip varies from one person to another For many people just having an opportunity to get away and enjoy the outdoors is enough Some may measure success of the trip by the number of fish caught or the size of fish caught Whatever your definition preparation is important if you want to come home with a great story to share and memories to last a lifetime

Tips for a successful fishing trip- Watch the weather- Know the regulations- Check your gear- Let someone know where you will be fishing and when you plan to return- Take a friend to share the experience

Where to fish One of the first things to do is decide where you want to go fishing Finding a new body of water close to home is more convenient but there are many places to go fishing all across the state The best resource for finding nearby places to fish is the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide or our web page at wwwctgovDEEPfishing There you can find a listing of

the publicly accessible and stocked bodies of water If trout is your fish of choice review our trout stocking maps also found on the DEEP fisheries web page

Where are the fishFish donrsquot just randomly swim around in the water There are places they prefer to be at specific times As an angler knowing where fish prefer to be is good information to have Finding ldquostructurerdquo in the water or changes in depth are key places to look for fish Structure can be anything that helps to hide the fish such as a log or rocks underwater aquatic plants and docks Downed trees or other objects hanging over the water can be a focal point for fish Fish will typical-ly congregate around these objects for cover or shelter A change in depth can also be a focal point for fish so fishing along a drop off or near a deep spot can be successfulMaps are a useful tool for any angler to find places where fish may be found Maps may show contours changes in depth or boat ramps A great resource is the book ldquoA Fisheries Guide to Lakes and Ponds of Connecticutrdquo avail-able from the DEEP book store at wwwctgovDEEPstore Bathymetric maps (maps of the depth) for many of Con-necticutrsquos public lakes are available in this book and on the fisheries web site at wwwctgovDEEPfishing

Largemouth Bass

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 7

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGWhere Fish Live in Lakes Rivers and Streams

Before you can catch fish you have to find where they live There are places in lakes rivers and streams where fish prefer to live The areas where fish find conditions suitable to their needs ndash food cover and enough oxygen in the water ndash is called habitat Fish often live where they are protected from natural enemies such as bigger fish birds and some mammals

Lakes

Streams

Hole -fish hang out in deep water to hide from their predators

Drop Off -the edge of a hole is called a drop off Fish often hang around the drop off

Hump -an uprising on the bottom fish swim up and down the sides of a hump in search of food

Riffles - shallow areas usually with rocks or gravel and the water flows swiftly

Pools - wide and deep areas where fish like to feed

Run - deeper slower water

Fish wait in deep waters but come up in to the shallower water to feed Usually fish will stay close to cover along weed beds under downed trees docks or lily pads Cover not only helps protect fish from predators it also gives them a hiding place to ambush their own prey

Upstream Downstream

Eddy - rocks logs or a finger of land which deflects the current

In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight the current

8 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Connecticut has over 50 common species of freshwater fish of these just over half are usually sought after by anglers Rules and regulations differ depending upon the species of fish and the waterbody You must be able to quickly identify the type of fish you have caught to deter-mine if you can keep or need to release the fish In general when viewed from the side fish can be divided into those with streamlined bodies (longer than it is tall) and those with more rounded bodies (almost as tall as long) Examples of fish with streamlined body forms are trout bass pike perch walleye and catfish Examples of fish with a rounded body shape are sunfish rock bass and crappie Being familiar with the basic parts of a fish will help you to understand the many differences between our different species of fish

ISBN 978-0-942085-15-0

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

Connecticut Department ofEnvironmental Protection

Bureau of Natural ResourcesInland Fisheries Division

wwwctgovdep

Freshwater Fishes of Connecticut

$1995

A hint to the identity of the fish can be the type of water you are fishing The majority of freshwater fish prefer to live either in flowing waters (brooks streams and rivers) still waters (ponds and lakes) or can be commonly found in both The Inland Fisheries Division stocks many waters with fish so reviewing the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide to see the list of species likely caught in the waters listed is good practice

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Rainbow Trout

Need information on a particular type of fish Go to wwwTakemefishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg the official web page of the Recreational Boating and Fishing Foundation These pages contain excellent resources about fish and fishing Visit the ldquofish-o-pediardquo section to get the fish habits fishing tactics and general information about many of the recreational fish you can catch in Connecticut

Caudal fin

For information specific to Connecticutrsquos freshwater fish get ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert Jacobs and Eileen OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP bookstore wwwctgovDEEPstore

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 9

FISH IDENTIFICATION Rainbow Trout

Not sure about your catch Subtle differences between fish include the shape of the body-long vs round whiskers shape of the mouth and if there is a small fleshy lobe-like fin on the back near the tail Determine which of these traits match your fish then look to the photos and specific details to make a positive identification If you would like a professional opinion email a clear photo of the entire fish to deepinlandfisheriesctgov

The approximate size of the fish pictured is provided

Brook Trout have a dark body with light spots and a worm-like pattern on back head and sides The lower fins are typically red-orange with a white leading edge Stocked Brook Trout are typically less colorful than wild Brook Trout

Largemouth Bass have a dark stripe along the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches past the eye

White Perch have a silver body and lack any spots or bands

Tiger Trout (hybrid) have worm-like markings covering the entire body They usually do not have spots Tiger Trout are a sterile cross between a male Brook Trout and a female Brown Trout

Striped Bass have a light body somewhat silver in color with a series of horizontal black bands along the side

Walleye generally have a greenish or brownish back fading to a white belly They may have irregular dark green blotches on the body They have very large and sharp teeth

Brown Trout have a light body with dark spots The lower fins are typically brown tan or nearly colorless and may have a white leading edge Wild Brown Trout may have bright red and orange spots and an orange adipose fin The tail is more rounded than forked Brown Trout and Atlantic Salmon look very similar

Smallmouth Bass may have vertical stripes on the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches to the center of the eye

Yellow Perch have a yellow body with dark vertical bands and orange lower fins

Kokanee Salmon are silver without spots until spawning season when they undergo significant changes and turn red Males often develop a large hooked jaw (kype) The Kokanee Salmon die after they spawn

Rainbow Trout have a light body with dark spots on the head and the tail There is usually a pink band along each side

Atlantic Salmon have a light body with dark spots The adipose fin is brown or dark brown The lower fins are brown with no color on the leading edge There may be spots on the head and tail Wild Atlantic Salmon recently entering freshwater typically are silver turning brown after being in freshwater for a while Small Atlantic Salmon will have a deeply-forked tail Atlantic Salmon are stocked as fry into many tributaries of the Connecticut River All Atlantic Salmon must be immediately released unless it is from one of the areas the Inland Fisheries Division stocks with surplus adult Atlantic Salmon

Trout

Salmon

Bass Perch amp Walleye

11

8

16

6

14

14

6

16

16

32

12

14

18

Adult

Male

Juvenile

Juvenile

Adult brown form

30

copy Joseph Tomelleri

Adult silver form

30

10 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Pumpkinseeds have turquoise markings on the face and have a red dot on the gill cover

Yellow Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are light colored Both the belly and chin are usually yellow

Bluegills do not have turquoise markings on the face and do not have a red spot on the gill cover

Redbreast sunfish have some turquoise markings on the face The gill cover has a long oval dark ldquoearrdquo The belly is usually a bright orange-red

Rock Bass have a very large red-colored eye The pattern on the side of the body resembles camou-flage print

Northern Pike have a dark colored body with light spots The entire cheek and only frac12 of the gill cover is covered in scales The mouth has large and sharp teeth

White Sucker has a streamlined body with a round mouth The body is usually dark brown on top and bronze color on the side

Chain Pickerel have a yellow colored body with a dark ldquochain-likerdquo pattern Both the cheek and gill cover are completely covered with scales Typically there is a dark vertical band below the eye The mouth has large and sharp teeth

Common Carp can be a very large fish (up to 40 pounds) and have large scales Carp have a small whisker on each side of the mouth

Calico Bass (crappie) have a distinct curved profile from the head to the dorsal fin The body is very thin when viewed looking from head on The body is silvery or brass colored with dark spots

For questions about fish or fishing in Connecticut please contact the Inland Fisheries Division at 860-424-Fish or email deepinlandfisheriesctgov or visit our web page at wwwctgovdeepfishing

This guide is intended to provide some general descriptive information and a photo typical of each species featured These represent fish that are most often caught in freshwaters of CT The approximate size of the pictured fish is listed For more detailed information please refer to the ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert P Jacobs and Eileen B OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP store wwwctgovDEEPStore

Sunfish amp Bass Bullhead amp Catfish

Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

Channel Catfish have a forked tail (pointed tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and dark chin whiskers Compared to the white catfish the channel catfish has a narrow head

White Catfish have a forked tail (rounded tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and light chin whiskers Compared to the channel catfish the white catfish has a broad head The eyes may have a light blue band around the iris

6

8

18

36 16

26 30

8

16

8

6

10

14

Brown Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are dark colored Both the belly and chin are light colored and usually white

All photographs by Robert P Jacobs CT DEEP IFD

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 11

To rig an earthworm gently thread the worm onto the hook starting near the head (the end of the worm closest to the thick band) and gently sliding the hook through the body Leave some of the tail end of the worm to wiggle free of the hook

BAITS AND LURESNatural Baits Connecticutrsquos fishing regulation defines bait as any animal or vegetable or their parts living or dead used with a hook for the purpose of attracting and catching a fish

Selecting the type of bait is one of the most important decisions an angler makes This decision depends upon the type of fish you are trying to catch When selecting your bait it is important to understand how the fish finds its food and what it prefers to eat Bait can be live such as worms crickets or minnows or things such as cut pieces of fish chicken livers and corn or dough balls Worms are the most common bait and can be used to catch just about any species of fish The CARE program recommends worms as the bait of choice for beginning anglers Your local bait and tackle shop has a wide selection of worms mealworms minnows and specialty baits to help you have a successful fishing trip A list of bait and tackle shops is found in the CT anglerrsquos guide and on our web site (wwwctgovDEEPfishing) Finding your own bait is another option Digging worms picking night crawlers or catching minnows with a seine net or minnow trap are viable options

Smallmouth bass

Baiting Your Hook

To rig a mealworm (which is ac-tually a beetle larva) gently thread the larva onto the hook starting with the head and gently sliding the hook through the body

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg Mealworm

When using live minnows as bait either insert the point of the hook just before or un-der the dorsal fins or gently through both lips

Minnows

Earthworm

The great night crawler hunt Gathering your own earth-worms is a fun activity for the whole family Earthworms (the large ones are commonly called night crawlers) often surface onto moist grassy surfaces during the spring and summer Using a flashlight slowly scan the ground for a night crawler stretched out from its hole Once you spot one quickly grab the worm near as close to the hole as possible apply gentle but firm pressure until you successful-ly pull the worm from the hole Place your collected worms into a container with some soil Keep the worms in a cool location until you are ready to use them

12 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

PumpkinseedFISHING TACKLE

Buzzbaits are similar to spinner baits They are used primarily for bass fishing as a topwater lure A buzz bait has a propeller like blade that creates a surface disturbance as it is pulled across the water The disturbance on the suface draws the fishrsquos attention just like a crankbait

BAITS AND LURES

PlugsCrankbaits have the shape and action of a baitfish or other aquatic food Some plugs are made to stay on top of the water some designed to swim just below the surface and some dive deep The depth they travel will depend upon the size of the bill or lip on the front of the lure The larger the bill or lip the deeper the lure will swim when pulled through the water Topwater crankbaits usually have a cup at the front to create more splashing and action in the water which draws the fishrsquos attention Crankbaits are usually made of plastic and sometimes contain small metal beads inside to create a vibration felt by the fish as it is pulled through the water Lures are designed to stimulate interest by the fish ultimately getting them to strike Plugs and crankbaits usually have at least 1 and up to 3 treble hooks

Spinnerbait with a skirt and two blades Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

A topwater buzzbait Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

Artificial Lures The choice of lures is almost unlimited The size color combinations and types are difficult choices the angler has to make when choosing which lure to use The purpose of a lure is to trick the fish into striking something that it thinks is good to eat An advantage of lures over bait is that lures can last many years

The selection of artifical lures is enormous Picking the right size type color and action (how the lure moves) can help increase your fishing success

Crankbait with lip Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

SpinnersSpinnerbaits are metal lures that have spinning blades that rotate through the water This metal blade imitates another fish swimming through the water Spinner-baits primarily used for bass fishing have a weighted head with a skirt to hide the hook

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 13

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

Pumpkinseed

SPORT FISH RESTORATION

America is home to large numbers and varieties of wild creatures Yet only a few decades ago wild-lifersquos survival was very much in doubt Early settlers harvested an abundance of wildlife wiping out some species and reducing others to just a fraction of their original numbers

Because of this Congress passed the Wildlife Restoration Act (Pitman-Robertson) in 1937 and the Sport Fish Restoration Act (Dingell- Johnson 1950 Wallop- Breaux 1984) enabling the US Fish amp Wild-life Service through the Wildlife and Sport Fish Res-toration Program (WSFR) to conserve protect and enhance fish wildlife their habitats and the hunt-ing sport fishing and recreational boating opportu-nities they provide

These laws provide legislation to collect tax on motor boat fuels excise taxes on fishing equip-ment hunting arms (guns bows ammunitions and arrows) and import duties on yachts and pleasure craft The money collected from these taxes is deposited into a national trust fund (one for fish and one for wildlife) The US Fish amp Wildlife Service manages these trust funds awarding grants to state fish and wildlife agencies so they can improve fish wildlife and boating (For more detailed informa-tion visit wwwwsfrprogramsfwsgov)

Since then the populations and ranges of numer-ous species have been extended far beyond what they were in the 1930s

Federal funding from WSFR pays for up to 75 percent of project costs with the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP) paying at least 25 percent A steady source of funding lets the Bureau of Natural Resources make a lasting impact on species popu-lations DEEP receives about $7 million each year from federal excise taxes for sport fish and wildlife restoration WSFR has greatly aided in a nationwide effort to enlist science in the cause of wildlife conservation About 26 percent of WSFR funding to states is used for surveys and research Surveys provide solid information on the num-bers and activities of species which helps biologists make management decisions This includes season dates bag limits habitat improvements etc

Research findings have enabled managers to keep wildlife in balance with their environments and to permit more people to enjoy fish and wildlife without endangering the future of any species

Aquatic Education is designed to make each angler aware of how his or her behavior affects others and the resource It also helps introduce new anglers to the sport of fishing by teaching the basic knowledge an angler needs to get started

The cycle of natural resource management success

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection III

Youth Fishing Passport Welcome to the angling community The Youth Fishing Passport is the perfect way to instill a sense of pride in your aspiring young angler 15 years old and younger Registration is free through the CT DEEP online sportsmen licensing system (wwwctgovdeepsportsmenlicensing) As a passport holder you have joined the hundreds of thousands of people who enjoy fishing and being outdoors Your Conservation ID printed on your passport will remain with you for life Each time you renew or register for a fishing hunting or boating license you will use this number

Your Youth Fishing Passport provides access to 2 great fishing activities ldquogeo-catchingrdquo and the ldquofishing challengerdquo Each encourage families to work together to try and catch a list of fish from around the state Email a photo of your catch to deepinlandfisheriesctgov and we will keep track of your success

Passport holders also can receive a discount or free items from passport sponsors

For more information or assistance contact Mike Beauchene at 860-424-4185 mikebeauchenectgov or visit the Youth Fishing Passport Web Page at wwwctgovDEEPYFP

YOUTH FISHING PASSPORTConnecticutDepartment of Energy and Environmental Protection

2015 Conservation License 2015

Privileges Date IssuedJR YOUTH FISHING PASSPORT 04292015This free youth fishing passport acknowledges the holderrsquos privilege of fishing in accordance of the laws of Connecticut and is eligible for an adult fishing license at the age of 16

ApplicantConservation ID 1039777 Gender MTHOMAS J SMITH DOB 0101200279 ELM ST

HARTFORD CT 06106US

HT 5 4 WT 125Eyes BROWNHair BROWN

Signature

I declare under penalties of false statement as provided for in the Connecticut General Statutes that the statements herein made by me are true and correct

Refer to the current hunting and fishing guides boaters guide the marine circular or the DEEPs website for specific regulations and reporting requirements

DEEP Website wwwctgovdeepDEEP EnCon Police TIP Line 1-800-842-4357 (HELP)DEEP EnCon Police Line 1-860-424-3333ACTCT DEEP License

This license is not valid unless it is signed

The Youth Fishing Passport comes in 2 formats depending upon the anglerrsquos age Those who are 12 to 15 receive the printout similar to adult licenses (above) those under 12 receive the 4-fish version (left)

ldquoThe YFP gave me the framework structure and confidence to take my children fishing Prior to this I was too intimidated to take them fishingrdquo Barbara G Newington

IV Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Chapter 1 Fishing Tackle 1

Chapter 2 Knots 5

Chapter 3 Responsible and Ethical Anglers 6

Chapter 4 Going Fishing 7

Chapter 5 Fish Identification 9

Chapter 6 Bait and Lures 12

Chapter 7 Care of the Catch 15

Chapter 8 Casting 17

Chapter 9 Fisheries Management 19

Ice Fishing 21

Saltwater Fishing 23

Activity Guide 24

Become a Care Instructor 28

TABLE OF CONTENTS

STATE OF CONNECTICUT Dannel P Malloy Governor

Department of Energy and Environmental Protection

79 Elm Street Hartford CT 06106wwwctgovDEEP

Robert Klee CommissionerSusan Whalen Deputy Commissioner

Bureau of Natural ResourcesWilliam Hyatt Bureau Chief

Marine Fisheries DivisionDavid G Simpson Director

Inland Fisheries Division

Peter J Aarrestad DirectorCARE Program Tom Bourret

Justin WigginsMike Beauchene

CARE Family Fishing ManualPublished by the State of Connecticut

June 2015

A special thank you to Daniel Griffith of the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation for providing us with the template text and many photos found in this document that he originally developed for the Oklahoma Fishing in Schools Program

Design and Layout Caryn Furbush

Text and Photos Justin Wiggins Tom Bourret

Mike Beauchene

Contact CARE 860-663-1656 DEEPinlandfishctgov

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection V

The Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection is an Affirmative Action and Equal Opportunity Employer that is committed to complying with the Americans with Disabilities Act To request an accommodation contact us at (860) 418-5910 or deepaccommodationsctgov

Printed on recycled paper

VI Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Reels All fishing reels typically consist of some sort of spool that holds the line with a handle to reel in the line There are different types of reels that vary in form and function and have varying degrees of difficulty in their use

Spincast reels are the most basic and easiest to use A spincast reel is the recommended choice for any beginning angler since it is easy to operate and difficult to tangle It is also very versatile in that it can be used in just about any form of fishing

Spinning reels are one of the more common reels used by experienced anglers This reel is different from the

spincast reel in that the spool is open and the reel hangs underneath the rod instead of sitting on top The reel is a bit more difficult to use and inexperienced users will easily tangle the line But with practice a spinning reel provides a much better option than a spincast reel

Baitcast reels are sort of a hybrid between the spincast and spinning reel The line is exposed on a spool similar to the spinning reel but the reel is back on top of the rod and the line is released by pushing a button with the thumb on the back similar to the spincast reel This is a more advanced reel used by experienced anglers and without practice the line can easily become tangled

Fishing tackle supplies and equipment are essential to the success of any angler This doesnrsquot mean you need to buy the most expensive product on the shelf But knowing what equipment is needed will help you succeed on your fishing trip The basic equipment any angler uses is nothing more than a rod and reel with line hook and weight The type of rod and reel size of the line hook and weight will all depend on the species of fish you intend to catch

Fly fishing reels are associated with a specific type of casting and rod This reel is used for fly fishing Like the spinning reel the fly reel hangs underneath the rod but is designed so that instead of your bait and tackle being the weight the line is the weight used to cast the fly A fly reel is not as complex as compared to other reels since the spool itself is merely a storage device to hold and retrieve line

Pumpkinseed FISHING TACKLE

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 1

Spinning reel

Baitcast reel

Spincast reel

Fly reel

FISHING TACKLERods The type of rod you use will depend upon the type of tackle you plan to use and which type of reel you have The length of a rod can vary from 5 to 65 feet for spinning and casting rods for freshwater fishing The length depends upon user preference But for beginners 55 feet is a good starting point for most freshwater fish found in Connecticut Rods can be described by their ldquoactionrdquo or the amount of flexibility the rod has The lighter the action the more flexible the rod will be A rod with heavier action will be stiffer and more resistant to bending Your preferred action depends upon the size and weight of the lure or bait used and the fish you plan to catch For beginners a medium action rod is a good starting point Most rods will have information about the length action and recommended weight of line printed or stamped near the base just before the handle

Fly rods are different in that they are longer usually 7 to 10 feet and vary in action depending upon the weight of line you are using They are normally in two pieces with the reel sitting below the grip keeping it out of the way

Heavy action

Medium action

2 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Light action

FISHING TACKLEThe Line

Fishing line is typically monofilament material that is designed to be nearly invisible in the water Fishing line is classified in ldquopound-testrdquo This measurement is a reference to the amount of force in pounds that is required to break the line The larger the pound-test number the stronger the line As the strength of the line increases so does the thickness a disadvantage as thicker line is easier for the fish to see Finding the right balance of pound-test diameter for the type of fishing you are doing is important For a begin-ner and with most spincast reels 6 to 8 pound-test line is recommended The Weight Weights also called sinkers are an important part of your fishing rig Weights come in differ-ent shapes and sizes for different uses The weight of the fishing line and hook is not enough to hold your bait down in the water A sinker helps hold your bait down in the water The weight also provides additional casting support to help get your bait into the water One of the most common weights is the split shot A split shot is usually a round lead or steel ball with a groove on one side and 2 tabs on the other The fishing line is placed in the groove and then pinched shut with pliers To remove the split shot all you need to do is squeeze the two tabs towards each other opening the groove The benefit to split shot over other types of weights is that it is very easy to adjust how much weight you need by adding and removing pieces without having to tie and untie

Different sizes of monofilament line in pound-test Shown are 30 pound 14 pound and 4 pound-test line (from left to right)

Hooks

Hooks come in different shapes and sizes The basic parts of a hook are the eye shank bend point and barb The purpose of the hook is to pierce the mouth of the fish and keep the fish from getting away The barb is an important feature that keeps the fish from sliding back off of the hook Some hooks do not have a barb because certain fishing regulations require barb-less hooks Some hooks may have more than one point and they are referred to as a double or treble hook (often found on many types of lures) The most common hook and a good hook to start with is a simple Aberdeen hook The Aber-deen hook is usually J-shaped with a U-shaped bend at the base of a longer shank The longer shank makes it easier to remove the hook from the fish Once the type of hook is selected then the size of hook is chosen Hook sizes are generally referred to using num-bers The smallest hook size is 32 and the largest is 200 (twenty aught)

Size 6-8 is perfect for freshwater fishing in Connecticut Using a hook that is too large might not allow a smaller fish to get the hook in its mouth Using a hook too small could allow a larger fish to bend or break the hook Most anglers usually have a few hook sizes on hand so they can switch should they believe the current hook being used is too small or too large FloatBobber A float generally called a bobber is a plastic bulb that

attaches to your line and floats in the water The bobber is placed above the hook and

weight on the line and can usually be ad-justed up or down on the line to allow your bait to remain at a certain depth below the surface Another purpose is to indicate to the angler when a fish

has taken the bait A bobber about the size of a quarter

is a great tool for a beginner angler since it will help to indicate when the angler should reel in the fish Bobbers come in many shapes and sizes

Common fishing hooks

Split shot weight

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

wwwctgovdeepfishing

Date

My First Fish I caught this fish on

while fishing at Waterbody name

with Who I was with

Insert your photo here Congratulations on your first fish from your friends at

Hook

Split shot weight

Line

Bobber

The basic fishing set up used by CARE

FISHING TACKLEGetting Started While many think of fishing from a boat the majority of anglers will start off fishing from a dock or from shore One of the simplest fishing rigs to use is a spincast rod and reel with a small hook (size 6-8) split shot weight and bobber (see below) When used with live bait typically a worm this method is guaranteed to bring success if fish are present and biting

To get started tie on a hook attach the bobber about 1-2 feet above the hook and then add the split shot directly be-low the bobber Once the tackle is set thread a worm on to the hook Following safe casting technique (chapter 7) cast your bait into the water and reel in any excess line Keep an eye on your bobber When it starts to bounce move or goes under the surface of the water set the hook by quickly and sharply lifting the rod tip up into the air Begin to reel in your fish Eventually you will see your fish coming to the waterrsquos surface Be careful not to jerk the fish out of the water but gently pull it up For larger fish using a dip net is recommended

My First Fish Congratulations Catching the first fish is a significant milestone you and your young angler will never forget Have your camera ready to capture the beaming smile and then preserve your memory by downloading this certificate from wwwctgovdeepyfp

Watch the CARE basics of fishing video at

wwwctgovDEEPCARE

4 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Learn to tie knots the fun and easy way from the creators of the webrsquos 1 knot site Animated Knots by Grog is sim-ply the best most comprehensive teaching and reference tool for fishermen Watch knots tie themselves in simple step-by-step photo animations or go frame-by-frame as you learn each knot Tap the info button to get detailed descriptions about each knotrsquos correct use advantages and disadvantages and other information

Knots A good fishing knot designed specifically for monofil-ament line is critical to the success of any angler Tying a fishing knot takes practice to learn but will help reduce the chance of losing a fish because of the line breaking or the knot coming undone The purpose of a fishing knot is to pro-vide a strong connection between the hook and line without degrading the quality of the fishing line If you are using 12 pound-test line and tie a simple knot in the line the strength of the line at the knot will be much less than 12 pounds An improper knot will easily result in a broken line and loss of the fish bait or lure and much frustration and disappoint-ment An improved clinch knot is one of the easiest fishing knots to tie and is a knot many anglers learned when they were beginners Before starting inspect your line for damage like cuts or abrasions Remove any damaged line Read on for instructions on how to properly tie an improved clinch knot How to tie an improved clinch knot

Step 1 Run the end of your line through the eye of the hook

Step 2 Twist the line around 5 or 6 times

Step 3 Run the end of the line through the loop above the eye of the hook but notice the new loop you are creating as you run the line through the loop

FISHING TACKLEKNOTS

Step 4 Now run the end of the line through the new loop you created in the previous step

Step 5 With the end of the line and hook in one hand gently pull the other end of the line away from the hook Remember you have a hook in your other hand so be care ful not to pull too hard or you could hook yourself

Step 6 Once your knot is pulled down tight you should have a series of tight coils If you have excess line hanging from the knot you can trim it close to the knot Donrsquot cut too close or the knot will come undone

Brook Trout

wwwanimatedknotscomHow to videos

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 5

Tip When using monofilament line it helps to wet your line before pulling it tight To wet your line dip your fingers in some water or spit then rub the line The moisture provides a lubricant to help the knot slide tight against the hook

Anglers are responsible for everything they do It is the individualrsquos responsibility to follow the rules and regulations and to make good ethical decisions when fishing

Ethical angling means doing what is right at all times even when no one is watching

Angler Responsibilities bull Always think of safety when around the water and dealing with tackle bull Follow the rules and regulations published in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guidebull Value the resource and treat it with respectbull Respect other anglers and be courteous to others on or near the water giving them the space to fishbull Practice proper fish handling techniques and release fish immediately back to the water if you decide not to keep thembull Take only the fish you intend to use bull Carry out more than you carry in (pick-up any garbage left behind by other anglers)

Angler Code of Ethics It is important as an angler to have a personal code of ethics Ethics are not always rules or regulations that we are required to follow by law but they are beneficial to the sport of fishing and its future

An Ethical Anglerbull Supports conservation effortsbull Does not pollute and disposes of trashbull Practices safe angling and boatingbull Obeys fishing laws and regulationsbull Respects other anglerrsquos rightsbull Respects property ownerrsquos rightsbull Shares fishing knowledge and skillbull Does not release live bait into watersbull Promotes ethical sport fishingbull Takes only the fish intended for use

Rock Bass

RESPONSIBLE AND ETHICAL ANGLERS

Catch and release fishing is the practice of returning fish unharmed immediately back to the water Some waters like Trout Management Areas require catch and release fish-ing Here are some tips to help ensure the fish are released unharmed

Consider barbless hooks or pinch down the barb to facili-tate a quick hook removal

Carry a pair of fine needle nose pliers or hemostats to help remove a deep set hook

Wet your hands before picking up the fish and handle as little as possible

If you plan on taking a photograph have your camera ready to go Avoid placing the fish on the ground (this is a good reason to fish with a buddy)

When holding the fish please support it horizontally by the tail and belly A large fish held vertically could experi-ence some internal organ damage and later die

For more information check out wwwTakemefishingorg specifically the link for ldquoCatch and Releaserdquo

Good catch and release technique will ensure little harm to the fish

Always carry out what you carry in and if others have left trash behind take theirs as well Loss of access can result when fishing trash is left behind

6 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGPreparing for a Successful Fishing Trip The definition of a successful fishing trip varies from one person to another For many people just having an opportunity to get away and enjoy the outdoors is enough Some may measure success of the trip by the number of fish caught or the size of fish caught Whatever your definition preparation is important if you want to come home with a great story to share and memories to last a lifetime

Tips for a successful fishing trip- Watch the weather- Know the regulations- Check your gear- Let someone know where you will be fishing and when you plan to return- Take a friend to share the experience

Where to fish One of the first things to do is decide where you want to go fishing Finding a new body of water close to home is more convenient but there are many places to go fishing all across the state The best resource for finding nearby places to fish is the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide or our web page at wwwctgovDEEPfishing There you can find a listing of

the publicly accessible and stocked bodies of water If trout is your fish of choice review our trout stocking maps also found on the DEEP fisheries web page

Where are the fishFish donrsquot just randomly swim around in the water There are places they prefer to be at specific times As an angler knowing where fish prefer to be is good information to have Finding ldquostructurerdquo in the water or changes in depth are key places to look for fish Structure can be anything that helps to hide the fish such as a log or rocks underwater aquatic plants and docks Downed trees or other objects hanging over the water can be a focal point for fish Fish will typical-ly congregate around these objects for cover or shelter A change in depth can also be a focal point for fish so fishing along a drop off or near a deep spot can be successfulMaps are a useful tool for any angler to find places where fish may be found Maps may show contours changes in depth or boat ramps A great resource is the book ldquoA Fisheries Guide to Lakes and Ponds of Connecticutrdquo avail-able from the DEEP book store at wwwctgovDEEPstore Bathymetric maps (maps of the depth) for many of Con-necticutrsquos public lakes are available in this book and on the fisheries web site at wwwctgovDEEPfishing

Largemouth Bass

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 7

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGWhere Fish Live in Lakes Rivers and Streams

Before you can catch fish you have to find where they live There are places in lakes rivers and streams where fish prefer to live The areas where fish find conditions suitable to their needs ndash food cover and enough oxygen in the water ndash is called habitat Fish often live where they are protected from natural enemies such as bigger fish birds and some mammals

Lakes

Streams

Hole -fish hang out in deep water to hide from their predators

Drop Off -the edge of a hole is called a drop off Fish often hang around the drop off

Hump -an uprising on the bottom fish swim up and down the sides of a hump in search of food

Riffles - shallow areas usually with rocks or gravel and the water flows swiftly

Pools - wide and deep areas where fish like to feed

Run - deeper slower water

Fish wait in deep waters but come up in to the shallower water to feed Usually fish will stay close to cover along weed beds under downed trees docks or lily pads Cover not only helps protect fish from predators it also gives them a hiding place to ambush their own prey

Upstream Downstream

Eddy - rocks logs or a finger of land which deflects the current

In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight the current

8 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Connecticut has over 50 common species of freshwater fish of these just over half are usually sought after by anglers Rules and regulations differ depending upon the species of fish and the waterbody You must be able to quickly identify the type of fish you have caught to deter-mine if you can keep or need to release the fish In general when viewed from the side fish can be divided into those with streamlined bodies (longer than it is tall) and those with more rounded bodies (almost as tall as long) Examples of fish with streamlined body forms are trout bass pike perch walleye and catfish Examples of fish with a rounded body shape are sunfish rock bass and crappie Being familiar with the basic parts of a fish will help you to understand the many differences between our different species of fish

ISBN 978-0-942085-15-0

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

Connecticut Department ofEnvironmental Protection

Bureau of Natural ResourcesInland Fisheries Division

wwwctgovdep

Freshwater Fishes of Connecticut

$1995

A hint to the identity of the fish can be the type of water you are fishing The majority of freshwater fish prefer to live either in flowing waters (brooks streams and rivers) still waters (ponds and lakes) or can be commonly found in both The Inland Fisheries Division stocks many waters with fish so reviewing the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide to see the list of species likely caught in the waters listed is good practice

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Rainbow Trout

Need information on a particular type of fish Go to wwwTakemefishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg the official web page of the Recreational Boating and Fishing Foundation These pages contain excellent resources about fish and fishing Visit the ldquofish-o-pediardquo section to get the fish habits fishing tactics and general information about many of the recreational fish you can catch in Connecticut

Caudal fin

For information specific to Connecticutrsquos freshwater fish get ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert Jacobs and Eileen OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP bookstore wwwctgovDEEPstore

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 9

FISH IDENTIFICATION Rainbow Trout

Not sure about your catch Subtle differences between fish include the shape of the body-long vs round whiskers shape of the mouth and if there is a small fleshy lobe-like fin on the back near the tail Determine which of these traits match your fish then look to the photos and specific details to make a positive identification If you would like a professional opinion email a clear photo of the entire fish to deepinlandfisheriesctgov

The approximate size of the fish pictured is provided

Brook Trout have a dark body with light spots and a worm-like pattern on back head and sides The lower fins are typically red-orange with a white leading edge Stocked Brook Trout are typically less colorful than wild Brook Trout

Largemouth Bass have a dark stripe along the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches past the eye

White Perch have a silver body and lack any spots or bands

Tiger Trout (hybrid) have worm-like markings covering the entire body They usually do not have spots Tiger Trout are a sterile cross between a male Brook Trout and a female Brown Trout

Striped Bass have a light body somewhat silver in color with a series of horizontal black bands along the side

Walleye generally have a greenish or brownish back fading to a white belly They may have irregular dark green blotches on the body They have very large and sharp teeth

Brown Trout have a light body with dark spots The lower fins are typically brown tan or nearly colorless and may have a white leading edge Wild Brown Trout may have bright red and orange spots and an orange adipose fin The tail is more rounded than forked Brown Trout and Atlantic Salmon look very similar

Smallmouth Bass may have vertical stripes on the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches to the center of the eye

Yellow Perch have a yellow body with dark vertical bands and orange lower fins

Kokanee Salmon are silver without spots until spawning season when they undergo significant changes and turn red Males often develop a large hooked jaw (kype) The Kokanee Salmon die after they spawn

Rainbow Trout have a light body with dark spots on the head and the tail There is usually a pink band along each side

Atlantic Salmon have a light body with dark spots The adipose fin is brown or dark brown The lower fins are brown with no color on the leading edge There may be spots on the head and tail Wild Atlantic Salmon recently entering freshwater typically are silver turning brown after being in freshwater for a while Small Atlantic Salmon will have a deeply-forked tail Atlantic Salmon are stocked as fry into many tributaries of the Connecticut River All Atlantic Salmon must be immediately released unless it is from one of the areas the Inland Fisheries Division stocks with surplus adult Atlantic Salmon

Trout

Salmon

Bass Perch amp Walleye

11

8

16

6

14

14

6

16

16

32

12

14

18

Adult

Male

Juvenile

Juvenile

Adult brown form

30

copy Joseph Tomelleri

Adult silver form

30

10 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Pumpkinseeds have turquoise markings on the face and have a red dot on the gill cover

Yellow Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are light colored Both the belly and chin are usually yellow

Bluegills do not have turquoise markings on the face and do not have a red spot on the gill cover

Redbreast sunfish have some turquoise markings on the face The gill cover has a long oval dark ldquoearrdquo The belly is usually a bright orange-red

Rock Bass have a very large red-colored eye The pattern on the side of the body resembles camou-flage print

Northern Pike have a dark colored body with light spots The entire cheek and only frac12 of the gill cover is covered in scales The mouth has large and sharp teeth

White Sucker has a streamlined body with a round mouth The body is usually dark brown on top and bronze color on the side

Chain Pickerel have a yellow colored body with a dark ldquochain-likerdquo pattern Both the cheek and gill cover are completely covered with scales Typically there is a dark vertical band below the eye The mouth has large and sharp teeth

Common Carp can be a very large fish (up to 40 pounds) and have large scales Carp have a small whisker on each side of the mouth

Calico Bass (crappie) have a distinct curved profile from the head to the dorsal fin The body is very thin when viewed looking from head on The body is silvery or brass colored with dark spots

For questions about fish or fishing in Connecticut please contact the Inland Fisheries Division at 860-424-Fish or email deepinlandfisheriesctgov or visit our web page at wwwctgovdeepfishing

This guide is intended to provide some general descriptive information and a photo typical of each species featured These represent fish that are most often caught in freshwaters of CT The approximate size of the pictured fish is listed For more detailed information please refer to the ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert P Jacobs and Eileen B OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP store wwwctgovDEEPStore

Sunfish amp Bass Bullhead amp Catfish

Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

Channel Catfish have a forked tail (pointed tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and dark chin whiskers Compared to the white catfish the channel catfish has a narrow head

White Catfish have a forked tail (rounded tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and light chin whiskers Compared to the channel catfish the white catfish has a broad head The eyes may have a light blue band around the iris

6

8

18

36 16

26 30

8

16

8

6

10

14

Brown Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are dark colored Both the belly and chin are light colored and usually white

All photographs by Robert P Jacobs CT DEEP IFD

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 11

To rig an earthworm gently thread the worm onto the hook starting near the head (the end of the worm closest to the thick band) and gently sliding the hook through the body Leave some of the tail end of the worm to wiggle free of the hook

BAITS AND LURESNatural Baits Connecticutrsquos fishing regulation defines bait as any animal or vegetable or their parts living or dead used with a hook for the purpose of attracting and catching a fish

Selecting the type of bait is one of the most important decisions an angler makes This decision depends upon the type of fish you are trying to catch When selecting your bait it is important to understand how the fish finds its food and what it prefers to eat Bait can be live such as worms crickets or minnows or things such as cut pieces of fish chicken livers and corn or dough balls Worms are the most common bait and can be used to catch just about any species of fish The CARE program recommends worms as the bait of choice for beginning anglers Your local bait and tackle shop has a wide selection of worms mealworms minnows and specialty baits to help you have a successful fishing trip A list of bait and tackle shops is found in the CT anglerrsquos guide and on our web site (wwwctgovDEEPfishing) Finding your own bait is another option Digging worms picking night crawlers or catching minnows with a seine net or minnow trap are viable options

Smallmouth bass

Baiting Your Hook

To rig a mealworm (which is ac-tually a beetle larva) gently thread the larva onto the hook starting with the head and gently sliding the hook through the body

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg Mealworm

When using live minnows as bait either insert the point of the hook just before or un-der the dorsal fins or gently through both lips

Minnows

Earthworm

The great night crawler hunt Gathering your own earth-worms is a fun activity for the whole family Earthworms (the large ones are commonly called night crawlers) often surface onto moist grassy surfaces during the spring and summer Using a flashlight slowly scan the ground for a night crawler stretched out from its hole Once you spot one quickly grab the worm near as close to the hole as possible apply gentle but firm pressure until you successful-ly pull the worm from the hole Place your collected worms into a container with some soil Keep the worms in a cool location until you are ready to use them

12 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

PumpkinseedFISHING TACKLE

Buzzbaits are similar to spinner baits They are used primarily for bass fishing as a topwater lure A buzz bait has a propeller like blade that creates a surface disturbance as it is pulled across the water The disturbance on the suface draws the fishrsquos attention just like a crankbait

BAITS AND LURES

PlugsCrankbaits have the shape and action of a baitfish or other aquatic food Some plugs are made to stay on top of the water some designed to swim just below the surface and some dive deep The depth they travel will depend upon the size of the bill or lip on the front of the lure The larger the bill or lip the deeper the lure will swim when pulled through the water Topwater crankbaits usually have a cup at the front to create more splashing and action in the water which draws the fishrsquos attention Crankbaits are usually made of plastic and sometimes contain small metal beads inside to create a vibration felt by the fish as it is pulled through the water Lures are designed to stimulate interest by the fish ultimately getting them to strike Plugs and crankbaits usually have at least 1 and up to 3 treble hooks

Spinnerbait with a skirt and two blades Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

A topwater buzzbait Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

Artificial Lures The choice of lures is almost unlimited The size color combinations and types are difficult choices the angler has to make when choosing which lure to use The purpose of a lure is to trick the fish into striking something that it thinks is good to eat An advantage of lures over bait is that lures can last many years

The selection of artifical lures is enormous Picking the right size type color and action (how the lure moves) can help increase your fishing success

Crankbait with lip Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

SpinnersSpinnerbaits are metal lures that have spinning blades that rotate through the water This metal blade imitates another fish swimming through the water Spinner-baits primarily used for bass fishing have a weighted head with a skirt to hide the hook

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 13

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

Youth Fishing Passport Welcome to the angling community The Youth Fishing Passport is the perfect way to instill a sense of pride in your aspiring young angler 15 years old and younger Registration is free through the CT DEEP online sportsmen licensing system (wwwctgovdeepsportsmenlicensing) As a passport holder you have joined the hundreds of thousands of people who enjoy fishing and being outdoors Your Conservation ID printed on your passport will remain with you for life Each time you renew or register for a fishing hunting or boating license you will use this number

Your Youth Fishing Passport provides access to 2 great fishing activities ldquogeo-catchingrdquo and the ldquofishing challengerdquo Each encourage families to work together to try and catch a list of fish from around the state Email a photo of your catch to deepinlandfisheriesctgov and we will keep track of your success

Passport holders also can receive a discount or free items from passport sponsors

For more information or assistance contact Mike Beauchene at 860-424-4185 mikebeauchenectgov or visit the Youth Fishing Passport Web Page at wwwctgovDEEPYFP

YOUTH FISHING PASSPORTConnecticutDepartment of Energy and Environmental Protection

2015 Conservation License 2015

Privileges Date IssuedJR YOUTH FISHING PASSPORT 04292015This free youth fishing passport acknowledges the holderrsquos privilege of fishing in accordance of the laws of Connecticut and is eligible for an adult fishing license at the age of 16

ApplicantConservation ID 1039777 Gender MTHOMAS J SMITH DOB 0101200279 ELM ST

HARTFORD CT 06106US

HT 5 4 WT 125Eyes BROWNHair BROWN

Signature

I declare under penalties of false statement as provided for in the Connecticut General Statutes that the statements herein made by me are true and correct

Refer to the current hunting and fishing guides boaters guide the marine circular or the DEEPs website for specific regulations and reporting requirements

DEEP Website wwwctgovdeepDEEP EnCon Police TIP Line 1-800-842-4357 (HELP)DEEP EnCon Police Line 1-860-424-3333ACTCT DEEP License

This license is not valid unless it is signed

The Youth Fishing Passport comes in 2 formats depending upon the anglerrsquos age Those who are 12 to 15 receive the printout similar to adult licenses (above) those under 12 receive the 4-fish version (left)

ldquoThe YFP gave me the framework structure and confidence to take my children fishing Prior to this I was too intimidated to take them fishingrdquo Barbara G Newington

IV Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Chapter 1 Fishing Tackle 1

Chapter 2 Knots 5

Chapter 3 Responsible and Ethical Anglers 6

Chapter 4 Going Fishing 7

Chapter 5 Fish Identification 9

Chapter 6 Bait and Lures 12

Chapter 7 Care of the Catch 15

Chapter 8 Casting 17

Chapter 9 Fisheries Management 19

Ice Fishing 21

Saltwater Fishing 23

Activity Guide 24

Become a Care Instructor 28

TABLE OF CONTENTS

STATE OF CONNECTICUT Dannel P Malloy Governor

Department of Energy and Environmental Protection

79 Elm Street Hartford CT 06106wwwctgovDEEP

Robert Klee CommissionerSusan Whalen Deputy Commissioner

Bureau of Natural ResourcesWilliam Hyatt Bureau Chief

Marine Fisheries DivisionDavid G Simpson Director

Inland Fisheries Division

Peter J Aarrestad DirectorCARE Program Tom Bourret

Justin WigginsMike Beauchene

CARE Family Fishing ManualPublished by the State of Connecticut

June 2015

A special thank you to Daniel Griffith of the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation for providing us with the template text and many photos found in this document that he originally developed for the Oklahoma Fishing in Schools Program

Design and Layout Caryn Furbush

Text and Photos Justin Wiggins Tom Bourret

Mike Beauchene

Contact CARE 860-663-1656 DEEPinlandfishctgov

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection V

The Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection is an Affirmative Action and Equal Opportunity Employer that is committed to complying with the Americans with Disabilities Act To request an accommodation contact us at (860) 418-5910 or deepaccommodationsctgov

Printed on recycled paper

VI Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Reels All fishing reels typically consist of some sort of spool that holds the line with a handle to reel in the line There are different types of reels that vary in form and function and have varying degrees of difficulty in their use

Spincast reels are the most basic and easiest to use A spincast reel is the recommended choice for any beginning angler since it is easy to operate and difficult to tangle It is also very versatile in that it can be used in just about any form of fishing

Spinning reels are one of the more common reels used by experienced anglers This reel is different from the

spincast reel in that the spool is open and the reel hangs underneath the rod instead of sitting on top The reel is a bit more difficult to use and inexperienced users will easily tangle the line But with practice a spinning reel provides a much better option than a spincast reel

Baitcast reels are sort of a hybrid between the spincast and spinning reel The line is exposed on a spool similar to the spinning reel but the reel is back on top of the rod and the line is released by pushing a button with the thumb on the back similar to the spincast reel This is a more advanced reel used by experienced anglers and without practice the line can easily become tangled

Fishing tackle supplies and equipment are essential to the success of any angler This doesnrsquot mean you need to buy the most expensive product on the shelf But knowing what equipment is needed will help you succeed on your fishing trip The basic equipment any angler uses is nothing more than a rod and reel with line hook and weight The type of rod and reel size of the line hook and weight will all depend on the species of fish you intend to catch

Fly fishing reels are associated with a specific type of casting and rod This reel is used for fly fishing Like the spinning reel the fly reel hangs underneath the rod but is designed so that instead of your bait and tackle being the weight the line is the weight used to cast the fly A fly reel is not as complex as compared to other reels since the spool itself is merely a storage device to hold and retrieve line

Pumpkinseed FISHING TACKLE

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 1

Spinning reel

Baitcast reel

Spincast reel

Fly reel

FISHING TACKLERods The type of rod you use will depend upon the type of tackle you plan to use and which type of reel you have The length of a rod can vary from 5 to 65 feet for spinning and casting rods for freshwater fishing The length depends upon user preference But for beginners 55 feet is a good starting point for most freshwater fish found in Connecticut Rods can be described by their ldquoactionrdquo or the amount of flexibility the rod has The lighter the action the more flexible the rod will be A rod with heavier action will be stiffer and more resistant to bending Your preferred action depends upon the size and weight of the lure or bait used and the fish you plan to catch For beginners a medium action rod is a good starting point Most rods will have information about the length action and recommended weight of line printed or stamped near the base just before the handle

Fly rods are different in that they are longer usually 7 to 10 feet and vary in action depending upon the weight of line you are using They are normally in two pieces with the reel sitting below the grip keeping it out of the way

Heavy action

Medium action

2 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Light action

FISHING TACKLEThe Line

Fishing line is typically monofilament material that is designed to be nearly invisible in the water Fishing line is classified in ldquopound-testrdquo This measurement is a reference to the amount of force in pounds that is required to break the line The larger the pound-test number the stronger the line As the strength of the line increases so does the thickness a disadvantage as thicker line is easier for the fish to see Finding the right balance of pound-test diameter for the type of fishing you are doing is important For a begin-ner and with most spincast reels 6 to 8 pound-test line is recommended The Weight Weights also called sinkers are an important part of your fishing rig Weights come in differ-ent shapes and sizes for different uses The weight of the fishing line and hook is not enough to hold your bait down in the water A sinker helps hold your bait down in the water The weight also provides additional casting support to help get your bait into the water One of the most common weights is the split shot A split shot is usually a round lead or steel ball with a groove on one side and 2 tabs on the other The fishing line is placed in the groove and then pinched shut with pliers To remove the split shot all you need to do is squeeze the two tabs towards each other opening the groove The benefit to split shot over other types of weights is that it is very easy to adjust how much weight you need by adding and removing pieces without having to tie and untie

Different sizes of monofilament line in pound-test Shown are 30 pound 14 pound and 4 pound-test line (from left to right)

Hooks

Hooks come in different shapes and sizes The basic parts of a hook are the eye shank bend point and barb The purpose of the hook is to pierce the mouth of the fish and keep the fish from getting away The barb is an important feature that keeps the fish from sliding back off of the hook Some hooks do not have a barb because certain fishing regulations require barb-less hooks Some hooks may have more than one point and they are referred to as a double or treble hook (often found on many types of lures) The most common hook and a good hook to start with is a simple Aberdeen hook The Aber-deen hook is usually J-shaped with a U-shaped bend at the base of a longer shank The longer shank makes it easier to remove the hook from the fish Once the type of hook is selected then the size of hook is chosen Hook sizes are generally referred to using num-bers The smallest hook size is 32 and the largest is 200 (twenty aught)

Size 6-8 is perfect for freshwater fishing in Connecticut Using a hook that is too large might not allow a smaller fish to get the hook in its mouth Using a hook too small could allow a larger fish to bend or break the hook Most anglers usually have a few hook sizes on hand so they can switch should they believe the current hook being used is too small or too large FloatBobber A float generally called a bobber is a plastic bulb that

attaches to your line and floats in the water The bobber is placed above the hook and

weight on the line and can usually be ad-justed up or down on the line to allow your bait to remain at a certain depth below the surface Another purpose is to indicate to the angler when a fish

has taken the bait A bobber about the size of a quarter

is a great tool for a beginner angler since it will help to indicate when the angler should reel in the fish Bobbers come in many shapes and sizes

Common fishing hooks

Split shot weight

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

wwwctgovdeepfishing

Date

My First Fish I caught this fish on

while fishing at Waterbody name

with Who I was with

Insert your photo here Congratulations on your first fish from your friends at

Hook

Split shot weight

Line

Bobber

The basic fishing set up used by CARE

FISHING TACKLEGetting Started While many think of fishing from a boat the majority of anglers will start off fishing from a dock or from shore One of the simplest fishing rigs to use is a spincast rod and reel with a small hook (size 6-8) split shot weight and bobber (see below) When used with live bait typically a worm this method is guaranteed to bring success if fish are present and biting

To get started tie on a hook attach the bobber about 1-2 feet above the hook and then add the split shot directly be-low the bobber Once the tackle is set thread a worm on to the hook Following safe casting technique (chapter 7) cast your bait into the water and reel in any excess line Keep an eye on your bobber When it starts to bounce move or goes under the surface of the water set the hook by quickly and sharply lifting the rod tip up into the air Begin to reel in your fish Eventually you will see your fish coming to the waterrsquos surface Be careful not to jerk the fish out of the water but gently pull it up For larger fish using a dip net is recommended

My First Fish Congratulations Catching the first fish is a significant milestone you and your young angler will never forget Have your camera ready to capture the beaming smile and then preserve your memory by downloading this certificate from wwwctgovdeepyfp

Watch the CARE basics of fishing video at

wwwctgovDEEPCARE

4 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Learn to tie knots the fun and easy way from the creators of the webrsquos 1 knot site Animated Knots by Grog is sim-ply the best most comprehensive teaching and reference tool for fishermen Watch knots tie themselves in simple step-by-step photo animations or go frame-by-frame as you learn each knot Tap the info button to get detailed descriptions about each knotrsquos correct use advantages and disadvantages and other information

Knots A good fishing knot designed specifically for monofil-ament line is critical to the success of any angler Tying a fishing knot takes practice to learn but will help reduce the chance of losing a fish because of the line breaking or the knot coming undone The purpose of a fishing knot is to pro-vide a strong connection between the hook and line without degrading the quality of the fishing line If you are using 12 pound-test line and tie a simple knot in the line the strength of the line at the knot will be much less than 12 pounds An improper knot will easily result in a broken line and loss of the fish bait or lure and much frustration and disappoint-ment An improved clinch knot is one of the easiest fishing knots to tie and is a knot many anglers learned when they were beginners Before starting inspect your line for damage like cuts or abrasions Remove any damaged line Read on for instructions on how to properly tie an improved clinch knot How to tie an improved clinch knot

Step 1 Run the end of your line through the eye of the hook

Step 2 Twist the line around 5 or 6 times

Step 3 Run the end of the line through the loop above the eye of the hook but notice the new loop you are creating as you run the line through the loop

FISHING TACKLEKNOTS

Step 4 Now run the end of the line through the new loop you created in the previous step

Step 5 With the end of the line and hook in one hand gently pull the other end of the line away from the hook Remember you have a hook in your other hand so be care ful not to pull too hard or you could hook yourself

Step 6 Once your knot is pulled down tight you should have a series of tight coils If you have excess line hanging from the knot you can trim it close to the knot Donrsquot cut too close or the knot will come undone

Brook Trout

wwwanimatedknotscomHow to videos

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 5

Tip When using monofilament line it helps to wet your line before pulling it tight To wet your line dip your fingers in some water or spit then rub the line The moisture provides a lubricant to help the knot slide tight against the hook

Anglers are responsible for everything they do It is the individualrsquos responsibility to follow the rules and regulations and to make good ethical decisions when fishing

Ethical angling means doing what is right at all times even when no one is watching

Angler Responsibilities bull Always think of safety when around the water and dealing with tackle bull Follow the rules and regulations published in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guidebull Value the resource and treat it with respectbull Respect other anglers and be courteous to others on or near the water giving them the space to fishbull Practice proper fish handling techniques and release fish immediately back to the water if you decide not to keep thembull Take only the fish you intend to use bull Carry out more than you carry in (pick-up any garbage left behind by other anglers)

Angler Code of Ethics It is important as an angler to have a personal code of ethics Ethics are not always rules or regulations that we are required to follow by law but they are beneficial to the sport of fishing and its future

An Ethical Anglerbull Supports conservation effortsbull Does not pollute and disposes of trashbull Practices safe angling and boatingbull Obeys fishing laws and regulationsbull Respects other anglerrsquos rightsbull Respects property ownerrsquos rightsbull Shares fishing knowledge and skillbull Does not release live bait into watersbull Promotes ethical sport fishingbull Takes only the fish intended for use

Rock Bass

RESPONSIBLE AND ETHICAL ANGLERS

Catch and release fishing is the practice of returning fish unharmed immediately back to the water Some waters like Trout Management Areas require catch and release fish-ing Here are some tips to help ensure the fish are released unharmed

Consider barbless hooks or pinch down the barb to facili-tate a quick hook removal

Carry a pair of fine needle nose pliers or hemostats to help remove a deep set hook

Wet your hands before picking up the fish and handle as little as possible

If you plan on taking a photograph have your camera ready to go Avoid placing the fish on the ground (this is a good reason to fish with a buddy)

When holding the fish please support it horizontally by the tail and belly A large fish held vertically could experi-ence some internal organ damage and later die

For more information check out wwwTakemefishingorg specifically the link for ldquoCatch and Releaserdquo

Good catch and release technique will ensure little harm to the fish

Always carry out what you carry in and if others have left trash behind take theirs as well Loss of access can result when fishing trash is left behind

6 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGPreparing for a Successful Fishing Trip The definition of a successful fishing trip varies from one person to another For many people just having an opportunity to get away and enjoy the outdoors is enough Some may measure success of the trip by the number of fish caught or the size of fish caught Whatever your definition preparation is important if you want to come home with a great story to share and memories to last a lifetime

Tips for a successful fishing trip- Watch the weather- Know the regulations- Check your gear- Let someone know where you will be fishing and when you plan to return- Take a friend to share the experience

Where to fish One of the first things to do is decide where you want to go fishing Finding a new body of water close to home is more convenient but there are many places to go fishing all across the state The best resource for finding nearby places to fish is the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide or our web page at wwwctgovDEEPfishing There you can find a listing of

the publicly accessible and stocked bodies of water If trout is your fish of choice review our trout stocking maps also found on the DEEP fisheries web page

Where are the fishFish donrsquot just randomly swim around in the water There are places they prefer to be at specific times As an angler knowing where fish prefer to be is good information to have Finding ldquostructurerdquo in the water or changes in depth are key places to look for fish Structure can be anything that helps to hide the fish such as a log or rocks underwater aquatic plants and docks Downed trees or other objects hanging over the water can be a focal point for fish Fish will typical-ly congregate around these objects for cover or shelter A change in depth can also be a focal point for fish so fishing along a drop off or near a deep spot can be successfulMaps are a useful tool for any angler to find places where fish may be found Maps may show contours changes in depth or boat ramps A great resource is the book ldquoA Fisheries Guide to Lakes and Ponds of Connecticutrdquo avail-able from the DEEP book store at wwwctgovDEEPstore Bathymetric maps (maps of the depth) for many of Con-necticutrsquos public lakes are available in this book and on the fisheries web site at wwwctgovDEEPfishing

Largemouth Bass

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 7

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGWhere Fish Live in Lakes Rivers and Streams

Before you can catch fish you have to find where they live There are places in lakes rivers and streams where fish prefer to live The areas where fish find conditions suitable to their needs ndash food cover and enough oxygen in the water ndash is called habitat Fish often live where they are protected from natural enemies such as bigger fish birds and some mammals

Lakes

Streams

Hole -fish hang out in deep water to hide from their predators

Drop Off -the edge of a hole is called a drop off Fish often hang around the drop off

Hump -an uprising on the bottom fish swim up and down the sides of a hump in search of food

Riffles - shallow areas usually with rocks or gravel and the water flows swiftly

Pools - wide and deep areas where fish like to feed

Run - deeper slower water

Fish wait in deep waters but come up in to the shallower water to feed Usually fish will stay close to cover along weed beds under downed trees docks or lily pads Cover not only helps protect fish from predators it also gives them a hiding place to ambush their own prey

Upstream Downstream

Eddy - rocks logs or a finger of land which deflects the current

In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight the current

8 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Connecticut has over 50 common species of freshwater fish of these just over half are usually sought after by anglers Rules and regulations differ depending upon the species of fish and the waterbody You must be able to quickly identify the type of fish you have caught to deter-mine if you can keep or need to release the fish In general when viewed from the side fish can be divided into those with streamlined bodies (longer than it is tall) and those with more rounded bodies (almost as tall as long) Examples of fish with streamlined body forms are trout bass pike perch walleye and catfish Examples of fish with a rounded body shape are sunfish rock bass and crappie Being familiar with the basic parts of a fish will help you to understand the many differences between our different species of fish

ISBN 978-0-942085-15-0

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

Connecticut Department ofEnvironmental Protection

Bureau of Natural ResourcesInland Fisheries Division

wwwctgovdep

Freshwater Fishes of Connecticut

$1995

A hint to the identity of the fish can be the type of water you are fishing The majority of freshwater fish prefer to live either in flowing waters (brooks streams and rivers) still waters (ponds and lakes) or can be commonly found in both The Inland Fisheries Division stocks many waters with fish so reviewing the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide to see the list of species likely caught in the waters listed is good practice

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Rainbow Trout

Need information on a particular type of fish Go to wwwTakemefishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg the official web page of the Recreational Boating and Fishing Foundation These pages contain excellent resources about fish and fishing Visit the ldquofish-o-pediardquo section to get the fish habits fishing tactics and general information about many of the recreational fish you can catch in Connecticut

Caudal fin

For information specific to Connecticutrsquos freshwater fish get ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert Jacobs and Eileen OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP bookstore wwwctgovDEEPstore

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 9

FISH IDENTIFICATION Rainbow Trout

Not sure about your catch Subtle differences between fish include the shape of the body-long vs round whiskers shape of the mouth and if there is a small fleshy lobe-like fin on the back near the tail Determine which of these traits match your fish then look to the photos and specific details to make a positive identification If you would like a professional opinion email a clear photo of the entire fish to deepinlandfisheriesctgov

The approximate size of the fish pictured is provided

Brook Trout have a dark body with light spots and a worm-like pattern on back head and sides The lower fins are typically red-orange with a white leading edge Stocked Brook Trout are typically less colorful than wild Brook Trout

Largemouth Bass have a dark stripe along the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches past the eye

White Perch have a silver body and lack any spots or bands

Tiger Trout (hybrid) have worm-like markings covering the entire body They usually do not have spots Tiger Trout are a sterile cross between a male Brook Trout and a female Brown Trout

Striped Bass have a light body somewhat silver in color with a series of horizontal black bands along the side

Walleye generally have a greenish or brownish back fading to a white belly They may have irregular dark green blotches on the body They have very large and sharp teeth

Brown Trout have a light body with dark spots The lower fins are typically brown tan or nearly colorless and may have a white leading edge Wild Brown Trout may have bright red and orange spots and an orange adipose fin The tail is more rounded than forked Brown Trout and Atlantic Salmon look very similar

Smallmouth Bass may have vertical stripes on the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches to the center of the eye

Yellow Perch have a yellow body with dark vertical bands and orange lower fins

Kokanee Salmon are silver without spots until spawning season when they undergo significant changes and turn red Males often develop a large hooked jaw (kype) The Kokanee Salmon die after they spawn

Rainbow Trout have a light body with dark spots on the head and the tail There is usually a pink band along each side

Atlantic Salmon have a light body with dark spots The adipose fin is brown or dark brown The lower fins are brown with no color on the leading edge There may be spots on the head and tail Wild Atlantic Salmon recently entering freshwater typically are silver turning brown after being in freshwater for a while Small Atlantic Salmon will have a deeply-forked tail Atlantic Salmon are stocked as fry into many tributaries of the Connecticut River All Atlantic Salmon must be immediately released unless it is from one of the areas the Inland Fisheries Division stocks with surplus adult Atlantic Salmon

Trout

Salmon

Bass Perch amp Walleye

11

8

16

6

14

14

6

16

16

32

12

14

18

Adult

Male

Juvenile

Juvenile

Adult brown form

30

copy Joseph Tomelleri

Adult silver form

30

10 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Pumpkinseeds have turquoise markings on the face and have a red dot on the gill cover

Yellow Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are light colored Both the belly and chin are usually yellow

Bluegills do not have turquoise markings on the face and do not have a red spot on the gill cover

Redbreast sunfish have some turquoise markings on the face The gill cover has a long oval dark ldquoearrdquo The belly is usually a bright orange-red

Rock Bass have a very large red-colored eye The pattern on the side of the body resembles camou-flage print

Northern Pike have a dark colored body with light spots The entire cheek and only frac12 of the gill cover is covered in scales The mouth has large and sharp teeth

White Sucker has a streamlined body with a round mouth The body is usually dark brown on top and bronze color on the side

Chain Pickerel have a yellow colored body with a dark ldquochain-likerdquo pattern Both the cheek and gill cover are completely covered with scales Typically there is a dark vertical band below the eye The mouth has large and sharp teeth

Common Carp can be a very large fish (up to 40 pounds) and have large scales Carp have a small whisker on each side of the mouth

Calico Bass (crappie) have a distinct curved profile from the head to the dorsal fin The body is very thin when viewed looking from head on The body is silvery or brass colored with dark spots

For questions about fish or fishing in Connecticut please contact the Inland Fisheries Division at 860-424-Fish or email deepinlandfisheriesctgov or visit our web page at wwwctgovdeepfishing

This guide is intended to provide some general descriptive information and a photo typical of each species featured These represent fish that are most often caught in freshwaters of CT The approximate size of the pictured fish is listed For more detailed information please refer to the ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert P Jacobs and Eileen B OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP store wwwctgovDEEPStore

Sunfish amp Bass Bullhead amp Catfish

Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

Channel Catfish have a forked tail (pointed tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and dark chin whiskers Compared to the white catfish the channel catfish has a narrow head

White Catfish have a forked tail (rounded tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and light chin whiskers Compared to the channel catfish the white catfish has a broad head The eyes may have a light blue band around the iris

6

8

18

36 16

26 30

8

16

8

6

10

14

Brown Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are dark colored Both the belly and chin are light colored and usually white

All photographs by Robert P Jacobs CT DEEP IFD

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 11

To rig an earthworm gently thread the worm onto the hook starting near the head (the end of the worm closest to the thick band) and gently sliding the hook through the body Leave some of the tail end of the worm to wiggle free of the hook

BAITS AND LURESNatural Baits Connecticutrsquos fishing regulation defines bait as any animal or vegetable or their parts living or dead used with a hook for the purpose of attracting and catching a fish

Selecting the type of bait is one of the most important decisions an angler makes This decision depends upon the type of fish you are trying to catch When selecting your bait it is important to understand how the fish finds its food and what it prefers to eat Bait can be live such as worms crickets or minnows or things such as cut pieces of fish chicken livers and corn or dough balls Worms are the most common bait and can be used to catch just about any species of fish The CARE program recommends worms as the bait of choice for beginning anglers Your local bait and tackle shop has a wide selection of worms mealworms minnows and specialty baits to help you have a successful fishing trip A list of bait and tackle shops is found in the CT anglerrsquos guide and on our web site (wwwctgovDEEPfishing) Finding your own bait is another option Digging worms picking night crawlers or catching minnows with a seine net or minnow trap are viable options

Smallmouth bass

Baiting Your Hook

To rig a mealworm (which is ac-tually a beetle larva) gently thread the larva onto the hook starting with the head and gently sliding the hook through the body

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg Mealworm

When using live minnows as bait either insert the point of the hook just before or un-der the dorsal fins or gently through both lips

Minnows

Earthworm

The great night crawler hunt Gathering your own earth-worms is a fun activity for the whole family Earthworms (the large ones are commonly called night crawlers) often surface onto moist grassy surfaces during the spring and summer Using a flashlight slowly scan the ground for a night crawler stretched out from its hole Once you spot one quickly grab the worm near as close to the hole as possible apply gentle but firm pressure until you successful-ly pull the worm from the hole Place your collected worms into a container with some soil Keep the worms in a cool location until you are ready to use them

12 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

PumpkinseedFISHING TACKLE

Buzzbaits are similar to spinner baits They are used primarily for bass fishing as a topwater lure A buzz bait has a propeller like blade that creates a surface disturbance as it is pulled across the water The disturbance on the suface draws the fishrsquos attention just like a crankbait

BAITS AND LURES

PlugsCrankbaits have the shape and action of a baitfish or other aquatic food Some plugs are made to stay on top of the water some designed to swim just below the surface and some dive deep The depth they travel will depend upon the size of the bill or lip on the front of the lure The larger the bill or lip the deeper the lure will swim when pulled through the water Topwater crankbaits usually have a cup at the front to create more splashing and action in the water which draws the fishrsquos attention Crankbaits are usually made of plastic and sometimes contain small metal beads inside to create a vibration felt by the fish as it is pulled through the water Lures are designed to stimulate interest by the fish ultimately getting them to strike Plugs and crankbaits usually have at least 1 and up to 3 treble hooks

Spinnerbait with a skirt and two blades Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

A topwater buzzbait Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

Artificial Lures The choice of lures is almost unlimited The size color combinations and types are difficult choices the angler has to make when choosing which lure to use The purpose of a lure is to trick the fish into striking something that it thinks is good to eat An advantage of lures over bait is that lures can last many years

The selection of artifical lures is enormous Picking the right size type color and action (how the lure moves) can help increase your fishing success

Crankbait with lip Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

SpinnersSpinnerbaits are metal lures that have spinning blades that rotate through the water This metal blade imitates another fish swimming through the water Spinner-baits primarily used for bass fishing have a weighted head with a skirt to hide the hook

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 13

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

Chapter 1 Fishing Tackle 1

Chapter 2 Knots 5

Chapter 3 Responsible and Ethical Anglers 6

Chapter 4 Going Fishing 7

Chapter 5 Fish Identification 9

Chapter 6 Bait and Lures 12

Chapter 7 Care of the Catch 15

Chapter 8 Casting 17

Chapter 9 Fisheries Management 19

Ice Fishing 21

Saltwater Fishing 23

Activity Guide 24

Become a Care Instructor 28

TABLE OF CONTENTS

STATE OF CONNECTICUT Dannel P Malloy Governor

Department of Energy and Environmental Protection

79 Elm Street Hartford CT 06106wwwctgovDEEP

Robert Klee CommissionerSusan Whalen Deputy Commissioner

Bureau of Natural ResourcesWilliam Hyatt Bureau Chief

Marine Fisheries DivisionDavid G Simpson Director

Inland Fisheries Division

Peter J Aarrestad DirectorCARE Program Tom Bourret

Justin WigginsMike Beauchene

CARE Family Fishing ManualPublished by the State of Connecticut

June 2015

A special thank you to Daniel Griffith of the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation for providing us with the template text and many photos found in this document that he originally developed for the Oklahoma Fishing in Schools Program

Design and Layout Caryn Furbush

Text and Photos Justin Wiggins Tom Bourret

Mike Beauchene

Contact CARE 860-663-1656 DEEPinlandfishctgov

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection V

The Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection is an Affirmative Action and Equal Opportunity Employer that is committed to complying with the Americans with Disabilities Act To request an accommodation contact us at (860) 418-5910 or deepaccommodationsctgov

Printed on recycled paper

VI Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Reels All fishing reels typically consist of some sort of spool that holds the line with a handle to reel in the line There are different types of reels that vary in form and function and have varying degrees of difficulty in their use

Spincast reels are the most basic and easiest to use A spincast reel is the recommended choice for any beginning angler since it is easy to operate and difficult to tangle It is also very versatile in that it can be used in just about any form of fishing

Spinning reels are one of the more common reels used by experienced anglers This reel is different from the

spincast reel in that the spool is open and the reel hangs underneath the rod instead of sitting on top The reel is a bit more difficult to use and inexperienced users will easily tangle the line But with practice a spinning reel provides a much better option than a spincast reel

Baitcast reels are sort of a hybrid between the spincast and spinning reel The line is exposed on a spool similar to the spinning reel but the reel is back on top of the rod and the line is released by pushing a button with the thumb on the back similar to the spincast reel This is a more advanced reel used by experienced anglers and without practice the line can easily become tangled

Fishing tackle supplies and equipment are essential to the success of any angler This doesnrsquot mean you need to buy the most expensive product on the shelf But knowing what equipment is needed will help you succeed on your fishing trip The basic equipment any angler uses is nothing more than a rod and reel with line hook and weight The type of rod and reel size of the line hook and weight will all depend on the species of fish you intend to catch

Fly fishing reels are associated with a specific type of casting and rod This reel is used for fly fishing Like the spinning reel the fly reel hangs underneath the rod but is designed so that instead of your bait and tackle being the weight the line is the weight used to cast the fly A fly reel is not as complex as compared to other reels since the spool itself is merely a storage device to hold and retrieve line

Pumpkinseed FISHING TACKLE

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 1

Spinning reel

Baitcast reel

Spincast reel

Fly reel

FISHING TACKLERods The type of rod you use will depend upon the type of tackle you plan to use and which type of reel you have The length of a rod can vary from 5 to 65 feet for spinning and casting rods for freshwater fishing The length depends upon user preference But for beginners 55 feet is a good starting point for most freshwater fish found in Connecticut Rods can be described by their ldquoactionrdquo or the amount of flexibility the rod has The lighter the action the more flexible the rod will be A rod with heavier action will be stiffer and more resistant to bending Your preferred action depends upon the size and weight of the lure or bait used and the fish you plan to catch For beginners a medium action rod is a good starting point Most rods will have information about the length action and recommended weight of line printed or stamped near the base just before the handle

Fly rods are different in that they are longer usually 7 to 10 feet and vary in action depending upon the weight of line you are using They are normally in two pieces with the reel sitting below the grip keeping it out of the way

Heavy action

Medium action

2 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Light action

FISHING TACKLEThe Line

Fishing line is typically monofilament material that is designed to be nearly invisible in the water Fishing line is classified in ldquopound-testrdquo This measurement is a reference to the amount of force in pounds that is required to break the line The larger the pound-test number the stronger the line As the strength of the line increases so does the thickness a disadvantage as thicker line is easier for the fish to see Finding the right balance of pound-test diameter for the type of fishing you are doing is important For a begin-ner and with most spincast reels 6 to 8 pound-test line is recommended The Weight Weights also called sinkers are an important part of your fishing rig Weights come in differ-ent shapes and sizes for different uses The weight of the fishing line and hook is not enough to hold your bait down in the water A sinker helps hold your bait down in the water The weight also provides additional casting support to help get your bait into the water One of the most common weights is the split shot A split shot is usually a round lead or steel ball with a groove on one side and 2 tabs on the other The fishing line is placed in the groove and then pinched shut with pliers To remove the split shot all you need to do is squeeze the two tabs towards each other opening the groove The benefit to split shot over other types of weights is that it is very easy to adjust how much weight you need by adding and removing pieces without having to tie and untie

Different sizes of monofilament line in pound-test Shown are 30 pound 14 pound and 4 pound-test line (from left to right)

Hooks

Hooks come in different shapes and sizes The basic parts of a hook are the eye shank bend point and barb The purpose of the hook is to pierce the mouth of the fish and keep the fish from getting away The barb is an important feature that keeps the fish from sliding back off of the hook Some hooks do not have a barb because certain fishing regulations require barb-less hooks Some hooks may have more than one point and they are referred to as a double or treble hook (often found on many types of lures) The most common hook and a good hook to start with is a simple Aberdeen hook The Aber-deen hook is usually J-shaped with a U-shaped bend at the base of a longer shank The longer shank makes it easier to remove the hook from the fish Once the type of hook is selected then the size of hook is chosen Hook sizes are generally referred to using num-bers The smallest hook size is 32 and the largest is 200 (twenty aught)

Size 6-8 is perfect for freshwater fishing in Connecticut Using a hook that is too large might not allow a smaller fish to get the hook in its mouth Using a hook too small could allow a larger fish to bend or break the hook Most anglers usually have a few hook sizes on hand so they can switch should they believe the current hook being used is too small or too large FloatBobber A float generally called a bobber is a plastic bulb that

attaches to your line and floats in the water The bobber is placed above the hook and

weight on the line and can usually be ad-justed up or down on the line to allow your bait to remain at a certain depth below the surface Another purpose is to indicate to the angler when a fish

has taken the bait A bobber about the size of a quarter

is a great tool for a beginner angler since it will help to indicate when the angler should reel in the fish Bobbers come in many shapes and sizes

Common fishing hooks

Split shot weight

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

wwwctgovdeepfishing

Date

My First Fish I caught this fish on

while fishing at Waterbody name

with Who I was with

Insert your photo here Congratulations on your first fish from your friends at

Hook

Split shot weight

Line

Bobber

The basic fishing set up used by CARE

FISHING TACKLEGetting Started While many think of fishing from a boat the majority of anglers will start off fishing from a dock or from shore One of the simplest fishing rigs to use is a spincast rod and reel with a small hook (size 6-8) split shot weight and bobber (see below) When used with live bait typically a worm this method is guaranteed to bring success if fish are present and biting

To get started tie on a hook attach the bobber about 1-2 feet above the hook and then add the split shot directly be-low the bobber Once the tackle is set thread a worm on to the hook Following safe casting technique (chapter 7) cast your bait into the water and reel in any excess line Keep an eye on your bobber When it starts to bounce move or goes under the surface of the water set the hook by quickly and sharply lifting the rod tip up into the air Begin to reel in your fish Eventually you will see your fish coming to the waterrsquos surface Be careful not to jerk the fish out of the water but gently pull it up For larger fish using a dip net is recommended

My First Fish Congratulations Catching the first fish is a significant milestone you and your young angler will never forget Have your camera ready to capture the beaming smile and then preserve your memory by downloading this certificate from wwwctgovdeepyfp

Watch the CARE basics of fishing video at

wwwctgovDEEPCARE

4 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Learn to tie knots the fun and easy way from the creators of the webrsquos 1 knot site Animated Knots by Grog is sim-ply the best most comprehensive teaching and reference tool for fishermen Watch knots tie themselves in simple step-by-step photo animations or go frame-by-frame as you learn each knot Tap the info button to get detailed descriptions about each knotrsquos correct use advantages and disadvantages and other information

Knots A good fishing knot designed specifically for monofil-ament line is critical to the success of any angler Tying a fishing knot takes practice to learn but will help reduce the chance of losing a fish because of the line breaking or the knot coming undone The purpose of a fishing knot is to pro-vide a strong connection between the hook and line without degrading the quality of the fishing line If you are using 12 pound-test line and tie a simple knot in the line the strength of the line at the knot will be much less than 12 pounds An improper knot will easily result in a broken line and loss of the fish bait or lure and much frustration and disappoint-ment An improved clinch knot is one of the easiest fishing knots to tie and is a knot many anglers learned when they were beginners Before starting inspect your line for damage like cuts or abrasions Remove any damaged line Read on for instructions on how to properly tie an improved clinch knot How to tie an improved clinch knot

Step 1 Run the end of your line through the eye of the hook

Step 2 Twist the line around 5 or 6 times

Step 3 Run the end of the line through the loop above the eye of the hook but notice the new loop you are creating as you run the line through the loop

FISHING TACKLEKNOTS

Step 4 Now run the end of the line through the new loop you created in the previous step

Step 5 With the end of the line and hook in one hand gently pull the other end of the line away from the hook Remember you have a hook in your other hand so be care ful not to pull too hard or you could hook yourself

Step 6 Once your knot is pulled down tight you should have a series of tight coils If you have excess line hanging from the knot you can trim it close to the knot Donrsquot cut too close or the knot will come undone

Brook Trout

wwwanimatedknotscomHow to videos

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 5

Tip When using monofilament line it helps to wet your line before pulling it tight To wet your line dip your fingers in some water or spit then rub the line The moisture provides a lubricant to help the knot slide tight against the hook

Anglers are responsible for everything they do It is the individualrsquos responsibility to follow the rules and regulations and to make good ethical decisions when fishing

Ethical angling means doing what is right at all times even when no one is watching

Angler Responsibilities bull Always think of safety when around the water and dealing with tackle bull Follow the rules and regulations published in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guidebull Value the resource and treat it with respectbull Respect other anglers and be courteous to others on or near the water giving them the space to fishbull Practice proper fish handling techniques and release fish immediately back to the water if you decide not to keep thembull Take only the fish you intend to use bull Carry out more than you carry in (pick-up any garbage left behind by other anglers)

Angler Code of Ethics It is important as an angler to have a personal code of ethics Ethics are not always rules or regulations that we are required to follow by law but they are beneficial to the sport of fishing and its future

An Ethical Anglerbull Supports conservation effortsbull Does not pollute and disposes of trashbull Practices safe angling and boatingbull Obeys fishing laws and regulationsbull Respects other anglerrsquos rightsbull Respects property ownerrsquos rightsbull Shares fishing knowledge and skillbull Does not release live bait into watersbull Promotes ethical sport fishingbull Takes only the fish intended for use

Rock Bass

RESPONSIBLE AND ETHICAL ANGLERS

Catch and release fishing is the practice of returning fish unharmed immediately back to the water Some waters like Trout Management Areas require catch and release fish-ing Here are some tips to help ensure the fish are released unharmed

Consider barbless hooks or pinch down the barb to facili-tate a quick hook removal

Carry a pair of fine needle nose pliers or hemostats to help remove a deep set hook

Wet your hands before picking up the fish and handle as little as possible

If you plan on taking a photograph have your camera ready to go Avoid placing the fish on the ground (this is a good reason to fish with a buddy)

When holding the fish please support it horizontally by the tail and belly A large fish held vertically could experi-ence some internal organ damage and later die

For more information check out wwwTakemefishingorg specifically the link for ldquoCatch and Releaserdquo

Good catch and release technique will ensure little harm to the fish

Always carry out what you carry in and if others have left trash behind take theirs as well Loss of access can result when fishing trash is left behind

6 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGPreparing for a Successful Fishing Trip The definition of a successful fishing trip varies from one person to another For many people just having an opportunity to get away and enjoy the outdoors is enough Some may measure success of the trip by the number of fish caught or the size of fish caught Whatever your definition preparation is important if you want to come home with a great story to share and memories to last a lifetime

Tips for a successful fishing trip- Watch the weather- Know the regulations- Check your gear- Let someone know where you will be fishing and when you plan to return- Take a friend to share the experience

Where to fish One of the first things to do is decide where you want to go fishing Finding a new body of water close to home is more convenient but there are many places to go fishing all across the state The best resource for finding nearby places to fish is the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide or our web page at wwwctgovDEEPfishing There you can find a listing of

the publicly accessible and stocked bodies of water If trout is your fish of choice review our trout stocking maps also found on the DEEP fisheries web page

Where are the fishFish donrsquot just randomly swim around in the water There are places they prefer to be at specific times As an angler knowing where fish prefer to be is good information to have Finding ldquostructurerdquo in the water or changes in depth are key places to look for fish Structure can be anything that helps to hide the fish such as a log or rocks underwater aquatic plants and docks Downed trees or other objects hanging over the water can be a focal point for fish Fish will typical-ly congregate around these objects for cover or shelter A change in depth can also be a focal point for fish so fishing along a drop off or near a deep spot can be successfulMaps are a useful tool for any angler to find places where fish may be found Maps may show contours changes in depth or boat ramps A great resource is the book ldquoA Fisheries Guide to Lakes and Ponds of Connecticutrdquo avail-able from the DEEP book store at wwwctgovDEEPstore Bathymetric maps (maps of the depth) for many of Con-necticutrsquos public lakes are available in this book and on the fisheries web site at wwwctgovDEEPfishing

Largemouth Bass

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 7

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGWhere Fish Live in Lakes Rivers and Streams

Before you can catch fish you have to find where they live There are places in lakes rivers and streams where fish prefer to live The areas where fish find conditions suitable to their needs ndash food cover and enough oxygen in the water ndash is called habitat Fish often live where they are protected from natural enemies such as bigger fish birds and some mammals

Lakes

Streams

Hole -fish hang out in deep water to hide from their predators

Drop Off -the edge of a hole is called a drop off Fish often hang around the drop off

Hump -an uprising on the bottom fish swim up and down the sides of a hump in search of food

Riffles - shallow areas usually with rocks or gravel and the water flows swiftly

Pools - wide and deep areas where fish like to feed

Run - deeper slower water

Fish wait in deep waters but come up in to the shallower water to feed Usually fish will stay close to cover along weed beds under downed trees docks or lily pads Cover not only helps protect fish from predators it also gives them a hiding place to ambush their own prey

Upstream Downstream

Eddy - rocks logs or a finger of land which deflects the current

In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight the current

8 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Connecticut has over 50 common species of freshwater fish of these just over half are usually sought after by anglers Rules and regulations differ depending upon the species of fish and the waterbody You must be able to quickly identify the type of fish you have caught to deter-mine if you can keep or need to release the fish In general when viewed from the side fish can be divided into those with streamlined bodies (longer than it is tall) and those with more rounded bodies (almost as tall as long) Examples of fish with streamlined body forms are trout bass pike perch walleye and catfish Examples of fish with a rounded body shape are sunfish rock bass and crappie Being familiar with the basic parts of a fish will help you to understand the many differences between our different species of fish

ISBN 978-0-942085-15-0

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

Connecticut Department ofEnvironmental Protection

Bureau of Natural ResourcesInland Fisheries Division

wwwctgovdep

Freshwater Fishes of Connecticut

$1995

A hint to the identity of the fish can be the type of water you are fishing The majority of freshwater fish prefer to live either in flowing waters (brooks streams and rivers) still waters (ponds and lakes) or can be commonly found in both The Inland Fisheries Division stocks many waters with fish so reviewing the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide to see the list of species likely caught in the waters listed is good practice

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Rainbow Trout

Need information on a particular type of fish Go to wwwTakemefishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg the official web page of the Recreational Boating and Fishing Foundation These pages contain excellent resources about fish and fishing Visit the ldquofish-o-pediardquo section to get the fish habits fishing tactics and general information about many of the recreational fish you can catch in Connecticut

Caudal fin

For information specific to Connecticutrsquos freshwater fish get ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert Jacobs and Eileen OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP bookstore wwwctgovDEEPstore

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 9

FISH IDENTIFICATION Rainbow Trout

Not sure about your catch Subtle differences between fish include the shape of the body-long vs round whiskers shape of the mouth and if there is a small fleshy lobe-like fin on the back near the tail Determine which of these traits match your fish then look to the photos and specific details to make a positive identification If you would like a professional opinion email a clear photo of the entire fish to deepinlandfisheriesctgov

The approximate size of the fish pictured is provided

Brook Trout have a dark body with light spots and a worm-like pattern on back head and sides The lower fins are typically red-orange with a white leading edge Stocked Brook Trout are typically less colorful than wild Brook Trout

Largemouth Bass have a dark stripe along the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches past the eye

White Perch have a silver body and lack any spots or bands

Tiger Trout (hybrid) have worm-like markings covering the entire body They usually do not have spots Tiger Trout are a sterile cross between a male Brook Trout and a female Brown Trout

Striped Bass have a light body somewhat silver in color with a series of horizontal black bands along the side

Walleye generally have a greenish or brownish back fading to a white belly They may have irregular dark green blotches on the body They have very large and sharp teeth

Brown Trout have a light body with dark spots The lower fins are typically brown tan or nearly colorless and may have a white leading edge Wild Brown Trout may have bright red and orange spots and an orange adipose fin The tail is more rounded than forked Brown Trout and Atlantic Salmon look very similar

Smallmouth Bass may have vertical stripes on the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches to the center of the eye

Yellow Perch have a yellow body with dark vertical bands and orange lower fins

Kokanee Salmon are silver without spots until spawning season when they undergo significant changes and turn red Males often develop a large hooked jaw (kype) The Kokanee Salmon die after they spawn

Rainbow Trout have a light body with dark spots on the head and the tail There is usually a pink band along each side

Atlantic Salmon have a light body with dark spots The adipose fin is brown or dark brown The lower fins are brown with no color on the leading edge There may be spots on the head and tail Wild Atlantic Salmon recently entering freshwater typically are silver turning brown after being in freshwater for a while Small Atlantic Salmon will have a deeply-forked tail Atlantic Salmon are stocked as fry into many tributaries of the Connecticut River All Atlantic Salmon must be immediately released unless it is from one of the areas the Inland Fisheries Division stocks with surplus adult Atlantic Salmon

Trout

Salmon

Bass Perch amp Walleye

11

8

16

6

14

14

6

16

16

32

12

14

18

Adult

Male

Juvenile

Juvenile

Adult brown form

30

copy Joseph Tomelleri

Adult silver form

30

10 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Pumpkinseeds have turquoise markings on the face and have a red dot on the gill cover

Yellow Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are light colored Both the belly and chin are usually yellow

Bluegills do not have turquoise markings on the face and do not have a red spot on the gill cover

Redbreast sunfish have some turquoise markings on the face The gill cover has a long oval dark ldquoearrdquo The belly is usually a bright orange-red

Rock Bass have a very large red-colored eye The pattern on the side of the body resembles camou-flage print

Northern Pike have a dark colored body with light spots The entire cheek and only frac12 of the gill cover is covered in scales The mouth has large and sharp teeth

White Sucker has a streamlined body with a round mouth The body is usually dark brown on top and bronze color on the side

Chain Pickerel have a yellow colored body with a dark ldquochain-likerdquo pattern Both the cheek and gill cover are completely covered with scales Typically there is a dark vertical band below the eye The mouth has large and sharp teeth

Common Carp can be a very large fish (up to 40 pounds) and have large scales Carp have a small whisker on each side of the mouth

Calico Bass (crappie) have a distinct curved profile from the head to the dorsal fin The body is very thin when viewed looking from head on The body is silvery or brass colored with dark spots

For questions about fish or fishing in Connecticut please contact the Inland Fisheries Division at 860-424-Fish or email deepinlandfisheriesctgov or visit our web page at wwwctgovdeepfishing

This guide is intended to provide some general descriptive information and a photo typical of each species featured These represent fish that are most often caught in freshwaters of CT The approximate size of the pictured fish is listed For more detailed information please refer to the ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert P Jacobs and Eileen B OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP store wwwctgovDEEPStore

Sunfish amp Bass Bullhead amp Catfish

Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

Channel Catfish have a forked tail (pointed tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and dark chin whiskers Compared to the white catfish the channel catfish has a narrow head

White Catfish have a forked tail (rounded tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and light chin whiskers Compared to the channel catfish the white catfish has a broad head The eyes may have a light blue band around the iris

6

8

18

36 16

26 30

8

16

8

6

10

14

Brown Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are dark colored Both the belly and chin are light colored and usually white

All photographs by Robert P Jacobs CT DEEP IFD

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 11

To rig an earthworm gently thread the worm onto the hook starting near the head (the end of the worm closest to the thick band) and gently sliding the hook through the body Leave some of the tail end of the worm to wiggle free of the hook

BAITS AND LURESNatural Baits Connecticutrsquos fishing regulation defines bait as any animal or vegetable or their parts living or dead used with a hook for the purpose of attracting and catching a fish

Selecting the type of bait is one of the most important decisions an angler makes This decision depends upon the type of fish you are trying to catch When selecting your bait it is important to understand how the fish finds its food and what it prefers to eat Bait can be live such as worms crickets or minnows or things such as cut pieces of fish chicken livers and corn or dough balls Worms are the most common bait and can be used to catch just about any species of fish The CARE program recommends worms as the bait of choice for beginning anglers Your local bait and tackle shop has a wide selection of worms mealworms minnows and specialty baits to help you have a successful fishing trip A list of bait and tackle shops is found in the CT anglerrsquos guide and on our web site (wwwctgovDEEPfishing) Finding your own bait is another option Digging worms picking night crawlers or catching minnows with a seine net or minnow trap are viable options

Smallmouth bass

Baiting Your Hook

To rig a mealworm (which is ac-tually a beetle larva) gently thread the larva onto the hook starting with the head and gently sliding the hook through the body

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg Mealworm

When using live minnows as bait either insert the point of the hook just before or un-der the dorsal fins or gently through both lips

Minnows

Earthworm

The great night crawler hunt Gathering your own earth-worms is a fun activity for the whole family Earthworms (the large ones are commonly called night crawlers) often surface onto moist grassy surfaces during the spring and summer Using a flashlight slowly scan the ground for a night crawler stretched out from its hole Once you spot one quickly grab the worm near as close to the hole as possible apply gentle but firm pressure until you successful-ly pull the worm from the hole Place your collected worms into a container with some soil Keep the worms in a cool location until you are ready to use them

12 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

PumpkinseedFISHING TACKLE

Buzzbaits are similar to spinner baits They are used primarily for bass fishing as a topwater lure A buzz bait has a propeller like blade that creates a surface disturbance as it is pulled across the water The disturbance on the suface draws the fishrsquos attention just like a crankbait

BAITS AND LURES

PlugsCrankbaits have the shape and action of a baitfish or other aquatic food Some plugs are made to stay on top of the water some designed to swim just below the surface and some dive deep The depth they travel will depend upon the size of the bill or lip on the front of the lure The larger the bill or lip the deeper the lure will swim when pulled through the water Topwater crankbaits usually have a cup at the front to create more splashing and action in the water which draws the fishrsquos attention Crankbaits are usually made of plastic and sometimes contain small metal beads inside to create a vibration felt by the fish as it is pulled through the water Lures are designed to stimulate interest by the fish ultimately getting them to strike Plugs and crankbaits usually have at least 1 and up to 3 treble hooks

Spinnerbait with a skirt and two blades Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

A topwater buzzbait Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

Artificial Lures The choice of lures is almost unlimited The size color combinations and types are difficult choices the angler has to make when choosing which lure to use The purpose of a lure is to trick the fish into striking something that it thinks is good to eat An advantage of lures over bait is that lures can last many years

The selection of artifical lures is enormous Picking the right size type color and action (how the lure moves) can help increase your fishing success

Crankbait with lip Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

SpinnersSpinnerbaits are metal lures that have spinning blades that rotate through the water This metal blade imitates another fish swimming through the water Spinner-baits primarily used for bass fishing have a weighted head with a skirt to hide the hook

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 13

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

VI Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Reels All fishing reels typically consist of some sort of spool that holds the line with a handle to reel in the line There are different types of reels that vary in form and function and have varying degrees of difficulty in their use

Spincast reels are the most basic and easiest to use A spincast reel is the recommended choice for any beginning angler since it is easy to operate and difficult to tangle It is also very versatile in that it can be used in just about any form of fishing

Spinning reels are one of the more common reels used by experienced anglers This reel is different from the

spincast reel in that the spool is open and the reel hangs underneath the rod instead of sitting on top The reel is a bit more difficult to use and inexperienced users will easily tangle the line But with practice a spinning reel provides a much better option than a spincast reel

Baitcast reels are sort of a hybrid between the spincast and spinning reel The line is exposed on a spool similar to the spinning reel but the reel is back on top of the rod and the line is released by pushing a button with the thumb on the back similar to the spincast reel This is a more advanced reel used by experienced anglers and without practice the line can easily become tangled

Fishing tackle supplies and equipment are essential to the success of any angler This doesnrsquot mean you need to buy the most expensive product on the shelf But knowing what equipment is needed will help you succeed on your fishing trip The basic equipment any angler uses is nothing more than a rod and reel with line hook and weight The type of rod and reel size of the line hook and weight will all depend on the species of fish you intend to catch

Fly fishing reels are associated with a specific type of casting and rod This reel is used for fly fishing Like the spinning reel the fly reel hangs underneath the rod but is designed so that instead of your bait and tackle being the weight the line is the weight used to cast the fly A fly reel is not as complex as compared to other reels since the spool itself is merely a storage device to hold and retrieve line

Pumpkinseed FISHING TACKLE

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 1

Spinning reel

Baitcast reel

Spincast reel

Fly reel

FISHING TACKLERods The type of rod you use will depend upon the type of tackle you plan to use and which type of reel you have The length of a rod can vary from 5 to 65 feet for spinning and casting rods for freshwater fishing The length depends upon user preference But for beginners 55 feet is a good starting point for most freshwater fish found in Connecticut Rods can be described by their ldquoactionrdquo or the amount of flexibility the rod has The lighter the action the more flexible the rod will be A rod with heavier action will be stiffer and more resistant to bending Your preferred action depends upon the size and weight of the lure or bait used and the fish you plan to catch For beginners a medium action rod is a good starting point Most rods will have information about the length action and recommended weight of line printed or stamped near the base just before the handle

Fly rods are different in that they are longer usually 7 to 10 feet and vary in action depending upon the weight of line you are using They are normally in two pieces with the reel sitting below the grip keeping it out of the way

Heavy action

Medium action

2 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Light action

FISHING TACKLEThe Line

Fishing line is typically monofilament material that is designed to be nearly invisible in the water Fishing line is classified in ldquopound-testrdquo This measurement is a reference to the amount of force in pounds that is required to break the line The larger the pound-test number the stronger the line As the strength of the line increases so does the thickness a disadvantage as thicker line is easier for the fish to see Finding the right balance of pound-test diameter for the type of fishing you are doing is important For a begin-ner and with most spincast reels 6 to 8 pound-test line is recommended The Weight Weights also called sinkers are an important part of your fishing rig Weights come in differ-ent shapes and sizes for different uses The weight of the fishing line and hook is not enough to hold your bait down in the water A sinker helps hold your bait down in the water The weight also provides additional casting support to help get your bait into the water One of the most common weights is the split shot A split shot is usually a round lead or steel ball with a groove on one side and 2 tabs on the other The fishing line is placed in the groove and then pinched shut with pliers To remove the split shot all you need to do is squeeze the two tabs towards each other opening the groove The benefit to split shot over other types of weights is that it is very easy to adjust how much weight you need by adding and removing pieces without having to tie and untie

Different sizes of monofilament line in pound-test Shown are 30 pound 14 pound and 4 pound-test line (from left to right)

Hooks

Hooks come in different shapes and sizes The basic parts of a hook are the eye shank bend point and barb The purpose of the hook is to pierce the mouth of the fish and keep the fish from getting away The barb is an important feature that keeps the fish from sliding back off of the hook Some hooks do not have a barb because certain fishing regulations require barb-less hooks Some hooks may have more than one point and they are referred to as a double or treble hook (often found on many types of lures) The most common hook and a good hook to start with is a simple Aberdeen hook The Aber-deen hook is usually J-shaped with a U-shaped bend at the base of a longer shank The longer shank makes it easier to remove the hook from the fish Once the type of hook is selected then the size of hook is chosen Hook sizes are generally referred to using num-bers The smallest hook size is 32 and the largest is 200 (twenty aught)

Size 6-8 is perfect for freshwater fishing in Connecticut Using a hook that is too large might not allow a smaller fish to get the hook in its mouth Using a hook too small could allow a larger fish to bend or break the hook Most anglers usually have a few hook sizes on hand so they can switch should they believe the current hook being used is too small or too large FloatBobber A float generally called a bobber is a plastic bulb that

attaches to your line and floats in the water The bobber is placed above the hook and

weight on the line and can usually be ad-justed up or down on the line to allow your bait to remain at a certain depth below the surface Another purpose is to indicate to the angler when a fish

has taken the bait A bobber about the size of a quarter

is a great tool for a beginner angler since it will help to indicate when the angler should reel in the fish Bobbers come in many shapes and sizes

Common fishing hooks

Split shot weight

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

wwwctgovdeepfishing

Date

My First Fish I caught this fish on

while fishing at Waterbody name

with Who I was with

Insert your photo here Congratulations on your first fish from your friends at

Hook

Split shot weight

Line

Bobber

The basic fishing set up used by CARE

FISHING TACKLEGetting Started While many think of fishing from a boat the majority of anglers will start off fishing from a dock or from shore One of the simplest fishing rigs to use is a spincast rod and reel with a small hook (size 6-8) split shot weight and bobber (see below) When used with live bait typically a worm this method is guaranteed to bring success if fish are present and biting

To get started tie on a hook attach the bobber about 1-2 feet above the hook and then add the split shot directly be-low the bobber Once the tackle is set thread a worm on to the hook Following safe casting technique (chapter 7) cast your bait into the water and reel in any excess line Keep an eye on your bobber When it starts to bounce move or goes under the surface of the water set the hook by quickly and sharply lifting the rod tip up into the air Begin to reel in your fish Eventually you will see your fish coming to the waterrsquos surface Be careful not to jerk the fish out of the water but gently pull it up For larger fish using a dip net is recommended

My First Fish Congratulations Catching the first fish is a significant milestone you and your young angler will never forget Have your camera ready to capture the beaming smile and then preserve your memory by downloading this certificate from wwwctgovdeepyfp

Watch the CARE basics of fishing video at

wwwctgovDEEPCARE

4 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Learn to tie knots the fun and easy way from the creators of the webrsquos 1 knot site Animated Knots by Grog is sim-ply the best most comprehensive teaching and reference tool for fishermen Watch knots tie themselves in simple step-by-step photo animations or go frame-by-frame as you learn each knot Tap the info button to get detailed descriptions about each knotrsquos correct use advantages and disadvantages and other information

Knots A good fishing knot designed specifically for monofil-ament line is critical to the success of any angler Tying a fishing knot takes practice to learn but will help reduce the chance of losing a fish because of the line breaking or the knot coming undone The purpose of a fishing knot is to pro-vide a strong connection between the hook and line without degrading the quality of the fishing line If you are using 12 pound-test line and tie a simple knot in the line the strength of the line at the knot will be much less than 12 pounds An improper knot will easily result in a broken line and loss of the fish bait or lure and much frustration and disappoint-ment An improved clinch knot is one of the easiest fishing knots to tie and is a knot many anglers learned when they were beginners Before starting inspect your line for damage like cuts or abrasions Remove any damaged line Read on for instructions on how to properly tie an improved clinch knot How to tie an improved clinch knot

Step 1 Run the end of your line through the eye of the hook

Step 2 Twist the line around 5 or 6 times

Step 3 Run the end of the line through the loop above the eye of the hook but notice the new loop you are creating as you run the line through the loop

FISHING TACKLEKNOTS

Step 4 Now run the end of the line through the new loop you created in the previous step

Step 5 With the end of the line and hook in one hand gently pull the other end of the line away from the hook Remember you have a hook in your other hand so be care ful not to pull too hard or you could hook yourself

Step 6 Once your knot is pulled down tight you should have a series of tight coils If you have excess line hanging from the knot you can trim it close to the knot Donrsquot cut too close or the knot will come undone

Brook Trout

wwwanimatedknotscomHow to videos

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 5

Tip When using monofilament line it helps to wet your line before pulling it tight To wet your line dip your fingers in some water or spit then rub the line The moisture provides a lubricant to help the knot slide tight against the hook

Anglers are responsible for everything they do It is the individualrsquos responsibility to follow the rules and regulations and to make good ethical decisions when fishing

Ethical angling means doing what is right at all times even when no one is watching

Angler Responsibilities bull Always think of safety when around the water and dealing with tackle bull Follow the rules and regulations published in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guidebull Value the resource and treat it with respectbull Respect other anglers and be courteous to others on or near the water giving them the space to fishbull Practice proper fish handling techniques and release fish immediately back to the water if you decide not to keep thembull Take only the fish you intend to use bull Carry out more than you carry in (pick-up any garbage left behind by other anglers)

Angler Code of Ethics It is important as an angler to have a personal code of ethics Ethics are not always rules or regulations that we are required to follow by law but they are beneficial to the sport of fishing and its future

An Ethical Anglerbull Supports conservation effortsbull Does not pollute and disposes of trashbull Practices safe angling and boatingbull Obeys fishing laws and regulationsbull Respects other anglerrsquos rightsbull Respects property ownerrsquos rightsbull Shares fishing knowledge and skillbull Does not release live bait into watersbull Promotes ethical sport fishingbull Takes only the fish intended for use

Rock Bass

RESPONSIBLE AND ETHICAL ANGLERS

Catch and release fishing is the practice of returning fish unharmed immediately back to the water Some waters like Trout Management Areas require catch and release fish-ing Here are some tips to help ensure the fish are released unharmed

Consider barbless hooks or pinch down the barb to facili-tate a quick hook removal

Carry a pair of fine needle nose pliers or hemostats to help remove a deep set hook

Wet your hands before picking up the fish and handle as little as possible

If you plan on taking a photograph have your camera ready to go Avoid placing the fish on the ground (this is a good reason to fish with a buddy)

When holding the fish please support it horizontally by the tail and belly A large fish held vertically could experi-ence some internal organ damage and later die

For more information check out wwwTakemefishingorg specifically the link for ldquoCatch and Releaserdquo

Good catch and release technique will ensure little harm to the fish

Always carry out what you carry in and if others have left trash behind take theirs as well Loss of access can result when fishing trash is left behind

6 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGPreparing for a Successful Fishing Trip The definition of a successful fishing trip varies from one person to another For many people just having an opportunity to get away and enjoy the outdoors is enough Some may measure success of the trip by the number of fish caught or the size of fish caught Whatever your definition preparation is important if you want to come home with a great story to share and memories to last a lifetime

Tips for a successful fishing trip- Watch the weather- Know the regulations- Check your gear- Let someone know where you will be fishing and when you plan to return- Take a friend to share the experience

Where to fish One of the first things to do is decide where you want to go fishing Finding a new body of water close to home is more convenient but there are many places to go fishing all across the state The best resource for finding nearby places to fish is the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide or our web page at wwwctgovDEEPfishing There you can find a listing of

the publicly accessible and stocked bodies of water If trout is your fish of choice review our trout stocking maps also found on the DEEP fisheries web page

Where are the fishFish donrsquot just randomly swim around in the water There are places they prefer to be at specific times As an angler knowing where fish prefer to be is good information to have Finding ldquostructurerdquo in the water or changes in depth are key places to look for fish Structure can be anything that helps to hide the fish such as a log or rocks underwater aquatic plants and docks Downed trees or other objects hanging over the water can be a focal point for fish Fish will typical-ly congregate around these objects for cover or shelter A change in depth can also be a focal point for fish so fishing along a drop off or near a deep spot can be successfulMaps are a useful tool for any angler to find places where fish may be found Maps may show contours changes in depth or boat ramps A great resource is the book ldquoA Fisheries Guide to Lakes and Ponds of Connecticutrdquo avail-able from the DEEP book store at wwwctgovDEEPstore Bathymetric maps (maps of the depth) for many of Con-necticutrsquos public lakes are available in this book and on the fisheries web site at wwwctgovDEEPfishing

Largemouth Bass

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 7

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGWhere Fish Live in Lakes Rivers and Streams

Before you can catch fish you have to find where they live There are places in lakes rivers and streams where fish prefer to live The areas where fish find conditions suitable to their needs ndash food cover and enough oxygen in the water ndash is called habitat Fish often live where they are protected from natural enemies such as bigger fish birds and some mammals

Lakes

Streams

Hole -fish hang out in deep water to hide from their predators

Drop Off -the edge of a hole is called a drop off Fish often hang around the drop off

Hump -an uprising on the bottom fish swim up and down the sides of a hump in search of food

Riffles - shallow areas usually with rocks or gravel and the water flows swiftly

Pools - wide and deep areas where fish like to feed

Run - deeper slower water

Fish wait in deep waters but come up in to the shallower water to feed Usually fish will stay close to cover along weed beds under downed trees docks or lily pads Cover not only helps protect fish from predators it also gives them a hiding place to ambush their own prey

Upstream Downstream

Eddy - rocks logs or a finger of land which deflects the current

In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight the current

8 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Connecticut has over 50 common species of freshwater fish of these just over half are usually sought after by anglers Rules and regulations differ depending upon the species of fish and the waterbody You must be able to quickly identify the type of fish you have caught to deter-mine if you can keep or need to release the fish In general when viewed from the side fish can be divided into those with streamlined bodies (longer than it is tall) and those with more rounded bodies (almost as tall as long) Examples of fish with streamlined body forms are trout bass pike perch walleye and catfish Examples of fish with a rounded body shape are sunfish rock bass and crappie Being familiar with the basic parts of a fish will help you to understand the many differences between our different species of fish

ISBN 978-0-942085-15-0

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

Connecticut Department ofEnvironmental Protection

Bureau of Natural ResourcesInland Fisheries Division

wwwctgovdep

Freshwater Fishes of Connecticut

$1995

A hint to the identity of the fish can be the type of water you are fishing The majority of freshwater fish prefer to live either in flowing waters (brooks streams and rivers) still waters (ponds and lakes) or can be commonly found in both The Inland Fisheries Division stocks many waters with fish so reviewing the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide to see the list of species likely caught in the waters listed is good practice

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Rainbow Trout

Need information on a particular type of fish Go to wwwTakemefishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg the official web page of the Recreational Boating and Fishing Foundation These pages contain excellent resources about fish and fishing Visit the ldquofish-o-pediardquo section to get the fish habits fishing tactics and general information about many of the recreational fish you can catch in Connecticut

Caudal fin

For information specific to Connecticutrsquos freshwater fish get ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert Jacobs and Eileen OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP bookstore wwwctgovDEEPstore

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 9

FISH IDENTIFICATION Rainbow Trout

Not sure about your catch Subtle differences between fish include the shape of the body-long vs round whiskers shape of the mouth and if there is a small fleshy lobe-like fin on the back near the tail Determine which of these traits match your fish then look to the photos and specific details to make a positive identification If you would like a professional opinion email a clear photo of the entire fish to deepinlandfisheriesctgov

The approximate size of the fish pictured is provided

Brook Trout have a dark body with light spots and a worm-like pattern on back head and sides The lower fins are typically red-orange with a white leading edge Stocked Brook Trout are typically less colorful than wild Brook Trout

Largemouth Bass have a dark stripe along the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches past the eye

White Perch have a silver body and lack any spots or bands

Tiger Trout (hybrid) have worm-like markings covering the entire body They usually do not have spots Tiger Trout are a sterile cross between a male Brook Trout and a female Brown Trout

Striped Bass have a light body somewhat silver in color with a series of horizontal black bands along the side

Walleye generally have a greenish or brownish back fading to a white belly They may have irregular dark green blotches on the body They have very large and sharp teeth

Brown Trout have a light body with dark spots The lower fins are typically brown tan or nearly colorless and may have a white leading edge Wild Brown Trout may have bright red and orange spots and an orange adipose fin The tail is more rounded than forked Brown Trout and Atlantic Salmon look very similar

Smallmouth Bass may have vertical stripes on the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches to the center of the eye

Yellow Perch have a yellow body with dark vertical bands and orange lower fins

Kokanee Salmon are silver without spots until spawning season when they undergo significant changes and turn red Males often develop a large hooked jaw (kype) The Kokanee Salmon die after they spawn

Rainbow Trout have a light body with dark spots on the head and the tail There is usually a pink band along each side

Atlantic Salmon have a light body with dark spots The adipose fin is brown or dark brown The lower fins are brown with no color on the leading edge There may be spots on the head and tail Wild Atlantic Salmon recently entering freshwater typically are silver turning brown after being in freshwater for a while Small Atlantic Salmon will have a deeply-forked tail Atlantic Salmon are stocked as fry into many tributaries of the Connecticut River All Atlantic Salmon must be immediately released unless it is from one of the areas the Inland Fisheries Division stocks with surplus adult Atlantic Salmon

Trout

Salmon

Bass Perch amp Walleye

11

8

16

6

14

14

6

16

16

32

12

14

18

Adult

Male

Juvenile

Juvenile

Adult brown form

30

copy Joseph Tomelleri

Adult silver form

30

10 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Pumpkinseeds have turquoise markings on the face and have a red dot on the gill cover

Yellow Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are light colored Both the belly and chin are usually yellow

Bluegills do not have turquoise markings on the face and do not have a red spot on the gill cover

Redbreast sunfish have some turquoise markings on the face The gill cover has a long oval dark ldquoearrdquo The belly is usually a bright orange-red

Rock Bass have a very large red-colored eye The pattern on the side of the body resembles camou-flage print

Northern Pike have a dark colored body with light spots The entire cheek and only frac12 of the gill cover is covered in scales The mouth has large and sharp teeth

White Sucker has a streamlined body with a round mouth The body is usually dark brown on top and bronze color on the side

Chain Pickerel have a yellow colored body with a dark ldquochain-likerdquo pattern Both the cheek and gill cover are completely covered with scales Typically there is a dark vertical band below the eye The mouth has large and sharp teeth

Common Carp can be a very large fish (up to 40 pounds) and have large scales Carp have a small whisker on each side of the mouth

Calico Bass (crappie) have a distinct curved profile from the head to the dorsal fin The body is very thin when viewed looking from head on The body is silvery or brass colored with dark spots

For questions about fish or fishing in Connecticut please contact the Inland Fisheries Division at 860-424-Fish or email deepinlandfisheriesctgov or visit our web page at wwwctgovdeepfishing

This guide is intended to provide some general descriptive information and a photo typical of each species featured These represent fish that are most often caught in freshwaters of CT The approximate size of the pictured fish is listed For more detailed information please refer to the ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert P Jacobs and Eileen B OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP store wwwctgovDEEPStore

Sunfish amp Bass Bullhead amp Catfish

Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

Channel Catfish have a forked tail (pointed tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and dark chin whiskers Compared to the white catfish the channel catfish has a narrow head

White Catfish have a forked tail (rounded tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and light chin whiskers Compared to the channel catfish the white catfish has a broad head The eyes may have a light blue band around the iris

6

8

18

36 16

26 30

8

16

8

6

10

14

Brown Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are dark colored Both the belly and chin are light colored and usually white

All photographs by Robert P Jacobs CT DEEP IFD

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 11

To rig an earthworm gently thread the worm onto the hook starting near the head (the end of the worm closest to the thick band) and gently sliding the hook through the body Leave some of the tail end of the worm to wiggle free of the hook

BAITS AND LURESNatural Baits Connecticutrsquos fishing regulation defines bait as any animal or vegetable or their parts living or dead used with a hook for the purpose of attracting and catching a fish

Selecting the type of bait is one of the most important decisions an angler makes This decision depends upon the type of fish you are trying to catch When selecting your bait it is important to understand how the fish finds its food and what it prefers to eat Bait can be live such as worms crickets or minnows or things such as cut pieces of fish chicken livers and corn or dough balls Worms are the most common bait and can be used to catch just about any species of fish The CARE program recommends worms as the bait of choice for beginning anglers Your local bait and tackle shop has a wide selection of worms mealworms minnows and specialty baits to help you have a successful fishing trip A list of bait and tackle shops is found in the CT anglerrsquos guide and on our web site (wwwctgovDEEPfishing) Finding your own bait is another option Digging worms picking night crawlers or catching minnows with a seine net or minnow trap are viable options

Smallmouth bass

Baiting Your Hook

To rig a mealworm (which is ac-tually a beetle larva) gently thread the larva onto the hook starting with the head and gently sliding the hook through the body

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg Mealworm

When using live minnows as bait either insert the point of the hook just before or un-der the dorsal fins or gently through both lips

Minnows

Earthworm

The great night crawler hunt Gathering your own earth-worms is a fun activity for the whole family Earthworms (the large ones are commonly called night crawlers) often surface onto moist grassy surfaces during the spring and summer Using a flashlight slowly scan the ground for a night crawler stretched out from its hole Once you spot one quickly grab the worm near as close to the hole as possible apply gentle but firm pressure until you successful-ly pull the worm from the hole Place your collected worms into a container with some soil Keep the worms in a cool location until you are ready to use them

12 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

PumpkinseedFISHING TACKLE

Buzzbaits are similar to spinner baits They are used primarily for bass fishing as a topwater lure A buzz bait has a propeller like blade that creates a surface disturbance as it is pulled across the water The disturbance on the suface draws the fishrsquos attention just like a crankbait

BAITS AND LURES

PlugsCrankbaits have the shape and action of a baitfish or other aquatic food Some plugs are made to stay on top of the water some designed to swim just below the surface and some dive deep The depth they travel will depend upon the size of the bill or lip on the front of the lure The larger the bill or lip the deeper the lure will swim when pulled through the water Topwater crankbaits usually have a cup at the front to create more splashing and action in the water which draws the fishrsquos attention Crankbaits are usually made of plastic and sometimes contain small metal beads inside to create a vibration felt by the fish as it is pulled through the water Lures are designed to stimulate interest by the fish ultimately getting them to strike Plugs and crankbaits usually have at least 1 and up to 3 treble hooks

Spinnerbait with a skirt and two blades Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

A topwater buzzbait Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

Artificial Lures The choice of lures is almost unlimited The size color combinations and types are difficult choices the angler has to make when choosing which lure to use The purpose of a lure is to trick the fish into striking something that it thinks is good to eat An advantage of lures over bait is that lures can last many years

The selection of artifical lures is enormous Picking the right size type color and action (how the lure moves) can help increase your fishing success

Crankbait with lip Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

SpinnersSpinnerbaits are metal lures that have spinning blades that rotate through the water This metal blade imitates another fish swimming through the water Spinner-baits primarily used for bass fishing have a weighted head with a skirt to hide the hook

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 13

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

Reels All fishing reels typically consist of some sort of spool that holds the line with a handle to reel in the line There are different types of reels that vary in form and function and have varying degrees of difficulty in their use

Spincast reels are the most basic and easiest to use A spincast reel is the recommended choice for any beginning angler since it is easy to operate and difficult to tangle It is also very versatile in that it can be used in just about any form of fishing

Spinning reels are one of the more common reels used by experienced anglers This reel is different from the

spincast reel in that the spool is open and the reel hangs underneath the rod instead of sitting on top The reel is a bit more difficult to use and inexperienced users will easily tangle the line But with practice a spinning reel provides a much better option than a spincast reel

Baitcast reels are sort of a hybrid between the spincast and spinning reel The line is exposed on a spool similar to the spinning reel but the reel is back on top of the rod and the line is released by pushing a button with the thumb on the back similar to the spincast reel This is a more advanced reel used by experienced anglers and without practice the line can easily become tangled

Fishing tackle supplies and equipment are essential to the success of any angler This doesnrsquot mean you need to buy the most expensive product on the shelf But knowing what equipment is needed will help you succeed on your fishing trip The basic equipment any angler uses is nothing more than a rod and reel with line hook and weight The type of rod and reel size of the line hook and weight will all depend on the species of fish you intend to catch

Fly fishing reels are associated with a specific type of casting and rod This reel is used for fly fishing Like the spinning reel the fly reel hangs underneath the rod but is designed so that instead of your bait and tackle being the weight the line is the weight used to cast the fly A fly reel is not as complex as compared to other reels since the spool itself is merely a storage device to hold and retrieve line

Pumpkinseed FISHING TACKLE

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 1

Spinning reel

Baitcast reel

Spincast reel

Fly reel

FISHING TACKLERods The type of rod you use will depend upon the type of tackle you plan to use and which type of reel you have The length of a rod can vary from 5 to 65 feet for spinning and casting rods for freshwater fishing The length depends upon user preference But for beginners 55 feet is a good starting point for most freshwater fish found in Connecticut Rods can be described by their ldquoactionrdquo or the amount of flexibility the rod has The lighter the action the more flexible the rod will be A rod with heavier action will be stiffer and more resistant to bending Your preferred action depends upon the size and weight of the lure or bait used and the fish you plan to catch For beginners a medium action rod is a good starting point Most rods will have information about the length action and recommended weight of line printed or stamped near the base just before the handle

Fly rods are different in that they are longer usually 7 to 10 feet and vary in action depending upon the weight of line you are using They are normally in two pieces with the reel sitting below the grip keeping it out of the way

Heavy action

Medium action

2 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Light action

FISHING TACKLEThe Line

Fishing line is typically monofilament material that is designed to be nearly invisible in the water Fishing line is classified in ldquopound-testrdquo This measurement is a reference to the amount of force in pounds that is required to break the line The larger the pound-test number the stronger the line As the strength of the line increases so does the thickness a disadvantage as thicker line is easier for the fish to see Finding the right balance of pound-test diameter for the type of fishing you are doing is important For a begin-ner and with most spincast reels 6 to 8 pound-test line is recommended The Weight Weights also called sinkers are an important part of your fishing rig Weights come in differ-ent shapes and sizes for different uses The weight of the fishing line and hook is not enough to hold your bait down in the water A sinker helps hold your bait down in the water The weight also provides additional casting support to help get your bait into the water One of the most common weights is the split shot A split shot is usually a round lead or steel ball with a groove on one side and 2 tabs on the other The fishing line is placed in the groove and then pinched shut with pliers To remove the split shot all you need to do is squeeze the two tabs towards each other opening the groove The benefit to split shot over other types of weights is that it is very easy to adjust how much weight you need by adding and removing pieces without having to tie and untie

Different sizes of monofilament line in pound-test Shown are 30 pound 14 pound and 4 pound-test line (from left to right)

Hooks

Hooks come in different shapes and sizes The basic parts of a hook are the eye shank bend point and barb The purpose of the hook is to pierce the mouth of the fish and keep the fish from getting away The barb is an important feature that keeps the fish from sliding back off of the hook Some hooks do not have a barb because certain fishing regulations require barb-less hooks Some hooks may have more than one point and they are referred to as a double or treble hook (often found on many types of lures) The most common hook and a good hook to start with is a simple Aberdeen hook The Aber-deen hook is usually J-shaped with a U-shaped bend at the base of a longer shank The longer shank makes it easier to remove the hook from the fish Once the type of hook is selected then the size of hook is chosen Hook sizes are generally referred to using num-bers The smallest hook size is 32 and the largest is 200 (twenty aught)

Size 6-8 is perfect for freshwater fishing in Connecticut Using a hook that is too large might not allow a smaller fish to get the hook in its mouth Using a hook too small could allow a larger fish to bend or break the hook Most anglers usually have a few hook sizes on hand so they can switch should they believe the current hook being used is too small or too large FloatBobber A float generally called a bobber is a plastic bulb that

attaches to your line and floats in the water The bobber is placed above the hook and

weight on the line and can usually be ad-justed up or down on the line to allow your bait to remain at a certain depth below the surface Another purpose is to indicate to the angler when a fish

has taken the bait A bobber about the size of a quarter

is a great tool for a beginner angler since it will help to indicate when the angler should reel in the fish Bobbers come in many shapes and sizes

Common fishing hooks

Split shot weight

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

wwwctgovdeepfishing

Date

My First Fish I caught this fish on

while fishing at Waterbody name

with Who I was with

Insert your photo here Congratulations on your first fish from your friends at

Hook

Split shot weight

Line

Bobber

The basic fishing set up used by CARE

FISHING TACKLEGetting Started While many think of fishing from a boat the majority of anglers will start off fishing from a dock or from shore One of the simplest fishing rigs to use is a spincast rod and reel with a small hook (size 6-8) split shot weight and bobber (see below) When used with live bait typically a worm this method is guaranteed to bring success if fish are present and biting

To get started tie on a hook attach the bobber about 1-2 feet above the hook and then add the split shot directly be-low the bobber Once the tackle is set thread a worm on to the hook Following safe casting technique (chapter 7) cast your bait into the water and reel in any excess line Keep an eye on your bobber When it starts to bounce move or goes under the surface of the water set the hook by quickly and sharply lifting the rod tip up into the air Begin to reel in your fish Eventually you will see your fish coming to the waterrsquos surface Be careful not to jerk the fish out of the water but gently pull it up For larger fish using a dip net is recommended

My First Fish Congratulations Catching the first fish is a significant milestone you and your young angler will never forget Have your camera ready to capture the beaming smile and then preserve your memory by downloading this certificate from wwwctgovdeepyfp

Watch the CARE basics of fishing video at

wwwctgovDEEPCARE

4 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Learn to tie knots the fun and easy way from the creators of the webrsquos 1 knot site Animated Knots by Grog is sim-ply the best most comprehensive teaching and reference tool for fishermen Watch knots tie themselves in simple step-by-step photo animations or go frame-by-frame as you learn each knot Tap the info button to get detailed descriptions about each knotrsquos correct use advantages and disadvantages and other information

Knots A good fishing knot designed specifically for monofil-ament line is critical to the success of any angler Tying a fishing knot takes practice to learn but will help reduce the chance of losing a fish because of the line breaking or the knot coming undone The purpose of a fishing knot is to pro-vide a strong connection between the hook and line without degrading the quality of the fishing line If you are using 12 pound-test line and tie a simple knot in the line the strength of the line at the knot will be much less than 12 pounds An improper knot will easily result in a broken line and loss of the fish bait or lure and much frustration and disappoint-ment An improved clinch knot is one of the easiest fishing knots to tie and is a knot many anglers learned when they were beginners Before starting inspect your line for damage like cuts or abrasions Remove any damaged line Read on for instructions on how to properly tie an improved clinch knot How to tie an improved clinch knot

Step 1 Run the end of your line through the eye of the hook

Step 2 Twist the line around 5 or 6 times

Step 3 Run the end of the line through the loop above the eye of the hook but notice the new loop you are creating as you run the line through the loop

FISHING TACKLEKNOTS

Step 4 Now run the end of the line through the new loop you created in the previous step

Step 5 With the end of the line and hook in one hand gently pull the other end of the line away from the hook Remember you have a hook in your other hand so be care ful not to pull too hard or you could hook yourself

Step 6 Once your knot is pulled down tight you should have a series of tight coils If you have excess line hanging from the knot you can trim it close to the knot Donrsquot cut too close or the knot will come undone

Brook Trout

wwwanimatedknotscomHow to videos

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 5

Tip When using monofilament line it helps to wet your line before pulling it tight To wet your line dip your fingers in some water or spit then rub the line The moisture provides a lubricant to help the knot slide tight against the hook

Anglers are responsible for everything they do It is the individualrsquos responsibility to follow the rules and regulations and to make good ethical decisions when fishing

Ethical angling means doing what is right at all times even when no one is watching

Angler Responsibilities bull Always think of safety when around the water and dealing with tackle bull Follow the rules and regulations published in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guidebull Value the resource and treat it with respectbull Respect other anglers and be courteous to others on or near the water giving them the space to fishbull Practice proper fish handling techniques and release fish immediately back to the water if you decide not to keep thembull Take only the fish you intend to use bull Carry out more than you carry in (pick-up any garbage left behind by other anglers)

Angler Code of Ethics It is important as an angler to have a personal code of ethics Ethics are not always rules or regulations that we are required to follow by law but they are beneficial to the sport of fishing and its future

An Ethical Anglerbull Supports conservation effortsbull Does not pollute and disposes of trashbull Practices safe angling and boatingbull Obeys fishing laws and regulationsbull Respects other anglerrsquos rightsbull Respects property ownerrsquos rightsbull Shares fishing knowledge and skillbull Does not release live bait into watersbull Promotes ethical sport fishingbull Takes only the fish intended for use

Rock Bass

RESPONSIBLE AND ETHICAL ANGLERS

Catch and release fishing is the practice of returning fish unharmed immediately back to the water Some waters like Trout Management Areas require catch and release fish-ing Here are some tips to help ensure the fish are released unharmed

Consider barbless hooks or pinch down the barb to facili-tate a quick hook removal

Carry a pair of fine needle nose pliers or hemostats to help remove a deep set hook

Wet your hands before picking up the fish and handle as little as possible

If you plan on taking a photograph have your camera ready to go Avoid placing the fish on the ground (this is a good reason to fish with a buddy)

When holding the fish please support it horizontally by the tail and belly A large fish held vertically could experi-ence some internal organ damage and later die

For more information check out wwwTakemefishingorg specifically the link for ldquoCatch and Releaserdquo

Good catch and release technique will ensure little harm to the fish

Always carry out what you carry in and if others have left trash behind take theirs as well Loss of access can result when fishing trash is left behind

6 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGPreparing for a Successful Fishing Trip The definition of a successful fishing trip varies from one person to another For many people just having an opportunity to get away and enjoy the outdoors is enough Some may measure success of the trip by the number of fish caught or the size of fish caught Whatever your definition preparation is important if you want to come home with a great story to share and memories to last a lifetime

Tips for a successful fishing trip- Watch the weather- Know the regulations- Check your gear- Let someone know where you will be fishing and when you plan to return- Take a friend to share the experience

Where to fish One of the first things to do is decide where you want to go fishing Finding a new body of water close to home is more convenient but there are many places to go fishing all across the state The best resource for finding nearby places to fish is the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide or our web page at wwwctgovDEEPfishing There you can find a listing of

the publicly accessible and stocked bodies of water If trout is your fish of choice review our trout stocking maps also found on the DEEP fisheries web page

Where are the fishFish donrsquot just randomly swim around in the water There are places they prefer to be at specific times As an angler knowing where fish prefer to be is good information to have Finding ldquostructurerdquo in the water or changes in depth are key places to look for fish Structure can be anything that helps to hide the fish such as a log or rocks underwater aquatic plants and docks Downed trees or other objects hanging over the water can be a focal point for fish Fish will typical-ly congregate around these objects for cover or shelter A change in depth can also be a focal point for fish so fishing along a drop off or near a deep spot can be successfulMaps are a useful tool for any angler to find places where fish may be found Maps may show contours changes in depth or boat ramps A great resource is the book ldquoA Fisheries Guide to Lakes and Ponds of Connecticutrdquo avail-able from the DEEP book store at wwwctgovDEEPstore Bathymetric maps (maps of the depth) for many of Con-necticutrsquos public lakes are available in this book and on the fisheries web site at wwwctgovDEEPfishing

Largemouth Bass

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 7

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGWhere Fish Live in Lakes Rivers and Streams

Before you can catch fish you have to find where they live There are places in lakes rivers and streams where fish prefer to live The areas where fish find conditions suitable to their needs ndash food cover and enough oxygen in the water ndash is called habitat Fish often live where they are protected from natural enemies such as bigger fish birds and some mammals

Lakes

Streams

Hole -fish hang out in deep water to hide from their predators

Drop Off -the edge of a hole is called a drop off Fish often hang around the drop off

Hump -an uprising on the bottom fish swim up and down the sides of a hump in search of food

Riffles - shallow areas usually with rocks or gravel and the water flows swiftly

Pools - wide and deep areas where fish like to feed

Run - deeper slower water

Fish wait in deep waters but come up in to the shallower water to feed Usually fish will stay close to cover along weed beds under downed trees docks or lily pads Cover not only helps protect fish from predators it also gives them a hiding place to ambush their own prey

Upstream Downstream

Eddy - rocks logs or a finger of land which deflects the current

In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight the current

8 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Connecticut has over 50 common species of freshwater fish of these just over half are usually sought after by anglers Rules and regulations differ depending upon the species of fish and the waterbody You must be able to quickly identify the type of fish you have caught to deter-mine if you can keep or need to release the fish In general when viewed from the side fish can be divided into those with streamlined bodies (longer than it is tall) and those with more rounded bodies (almost as tall as long) Examples of fish with streamlined body forms are trout bass pike perch walleye and catfish Examples of fish with a rounded body shape are sunfish rock bass and crappie Being familiar with the basic parts of a fish will help you to understand the many differences between our different species of fish

ISBN 978-0-942085-15-0

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

Connecticut Department ofEnvironmental Protection

Bureau of Natural ResourcesInland Fisheries Division

wwwctgovdep

Freshwater Fishes of Connecticut

$1995

A hint to the identity of the fish can be the type of water you are fishing The majority of freshwater fish prefer to live either in flowing waters (brooks streams and rivers) still waters (ponds and lakes) or can be commonly found in both The Inland Fisheries Division stocks many waters with fish so reviewing the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide to see the list of species likely caught in the waters listed is good practice

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Rainbow Trout

Need information on a particular type of fish Go to wwwTakemefishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg the official web page of the Recreational Boating and Fishing Foundation These pages contain excellent resources about fish and fishing Visit the ldquofish-o-pediardquo section to get the fish habits fishing tactics and general information about many of the recreational fish you can catch in Connecticut

Caudal fin

For information specific to Connecticutrsquos freshwater fish get ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert Jacobs and Eileen OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP bookstore wwwctgovDEEPstore

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 9

FISH IDENTIFICATION Rainbow Trout

Not sure about your catch Subtle differences between fish include the shape of the body-long vs round whiskers shape of the mouth and if there is a small fleshy lobe-like fin on the back near the tail Determine which of these traits match your fish then look to the photos and specific details to make a positive identification If you would like a professional opinion email a clear photo of the entire fish to deepinlandfisheriesctgov

The approximate size of the fish pictured is provided

Brook Trout have a dark body with light spots and a worm-like pattern on back head and sides The lower fins are typically red-orange with a white leading edge Stocked Brook Trout are typically less colorful than wild Brook Trout

Largemouth Bass have a dark stripe along the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches past the eye

White Perch have a silver body and lack any spots or bands

Tiger Trout (hybrid) have worm-like markings covering the entire body They usually do not have spots Tiger Trout are a sterile cross between a male Brook Trout and a female Brown Trout

Striped Bass have a light body somewhat silver in color with a series of horizontal black bands along the side

Walleye generally have a greenish or brownish back fading to a white belly They may have irregular dark green blotches on the body They have very large and sharp teeth

Brown Trout have a light body with dark spots The lower fins are typically brown tan or nearly colorless and may have a white leading edge Wild Brown Trout may have bright red and orange spots and an orange adipose fin The tail is more rounded than forked Brown Trout and Atlantic Salmon look very similar

Smallmouth Bass may have vertical stripes on the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches to the center of the eye

Yellow Perch have a yellow body with dark vertical bands and orange lower fins

Kokanee Salmon are silver without spots until spawning season when they undergo significant changes and turn red Males often develop a large hooked jaw (kype) The Kokanee Salmon die after they spawn

Rainbow Trout have a light body with dark spots on the head and the tail There is usually a pink band along each side

Atlantic Salmon have a light body with dark spots The adipose fin is brown or dark brown The lower fins are brown with no color on the leading edge There may be spots on the head and tail Wild Atlantic Salmon recently entering freshwater typically are silver turning brown after being in freshwater for a while Small Atlantic Salmon will have a deeply-forked tail Atlantic Salmon are stocked as fry into many tributaries of the Connecticut River All Atlantic Salmon must be immediately released unless it is from one of the areas the Inland Fisheries Division stocks with surplus adult Atlantic Salmon

Trout

Salmon

Bass Perch amp Walleye

11

8

16

6

14

14

6

16

16

32

12

14

18

Adult

Male

Juvenile

Juvenile

Adult brown form

30

copy Joseph Tomelleri

Adult silver form

30

10 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Pumpkinseeds have turquoise markings on the face and have a red dot on the gill cover

Yellow Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are light colored Both the belly and chin are usually yellow

Bluegills do not have turquoise markings on the face and do not have a red spot on the gill cover

Redbreast sunfish have some turquoise markings on the face The gill cover has a long oval dark ldquoearrdquo The belly is usually a bright orange-red

Rock Bass have a very large red-colored eye The pattern on the side of the body resembles camou-flage print

Northern Pike have a dark colored body with light spots The entire cheek and only frac12 of the gill cover is covered in scales The mouth has large and sharp teeth

White Sucker has a streamlined body with a round mouth The body is usually dark brown on top and bronze color on the side

Chain Pickerel have a yellow colored body with a dark ldquochain-likerdquo pattern Both the cheek and gill cover are completely covered with scales Typically there is a dark vertical band below the eye The mouth has large and sharp teeth

Common Carp can be a very large fish (up to 40 pounds) and have large scales Carp have a small whisker on each side of the mouth

Calico Bass (crappie) have a distinct curved profile from the head to the dorsal fin The body is very thin when viewed looking from head on The body is silvery or brass colored with dark spots

For questions about fish or fishing in Connecticut please contact the Inland Fisheries Division at 860-424-Fish or email deepinlandfisheriesctgov or visit our web page at wwwctgovdeepfishing

This guide is intended to provide some general descriptive information and a photo typical of each species featured These represent fish that are most often caught in freshwaters of CT The approximate size of the pictured fish is listed For more detailed information please refer to the ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert P Jacobs and Eileen B OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP store wwwctgovDEEPStore

Sunfish amp Bass Bullhead amp Catfish

Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

Channel Catfish have a forked tail (pointed tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and dark chin whiskers Compared to the white catfish the channel catfish has a narrow head

White Catfish have a forked tail (rounded tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and light chin whiskers Compared to the channel catfish the white catfish has a broad head The eyes may have a light blue band around the iris

6

8

18

36 16

26 30

8

16

8

6

10

14

Brown Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are dark colored Both the belly and chin are light colored and usually white

All photographs by Robert P Jacobs CT DEEP IFD

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 11

To rig an earthworm gently thread the worm onto the hook starting near the head (the end of the worm closest to the thick band) and gently sliding the hook through the body Leave some of the tail end of the worm to wiggle free of the hook

BAITS AND LURESNatural Baits Connecticutrsquos fishing regulation defines bait as any animal or vegetable or their parts living or dead used with a hook for the purpose of attracting and catching a fish

Selecting the type of bait is one of the most important decisions an angler makes This decision depends upon the type of fish you are trying to catch When selecting your bait it is important to understand how the fish finds its food and what it prefers to eat Bait can be live such as worms crickets or minnows or things such as cut pieces of fish chicken livers and corn or dough balls Worms are the most common bait and can be used to catch just about any species of fish The CARE program recommends worms as the bait of choice for beginning anglers Your local bait and tackle shop has a wide selection of worms mealworms minnows and specialty baits to help you have a successful fishing trip A list of bait and tackle shops is found in the CT anglerrsquos guide and on our web site (wwwctgovDEEPfishing) Finding your own bait is another option Digging worms picking night crawlers or catching minnows with a seine net or minnow trap are viable options

Smallmouth bass

Baiting Your Hook

To rig a mealworm (which is ac-tually a beetle larva) gently thread the larva onto the hook starting with the head and gently sliding the hook through the body

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg Mealworm

When using live minnows as bait either insert the point of the hook just before or un-der the dorsal fins or gently through both lips

Minnows

Earthworm

The great night crawler hunt Gathering your own earth-worms is a fun activity for the whole family Earthworms (the large ones are commonly called night crawlers) often surface onto moist grassy surfaces during the spring and summer Using a flashlight slowly scan the ground for a night crawler stretched out from its hole Once you spot one quickly grab the worm near as close to the hole as possible apply gentle but firm pressure until you successful-ly pull the worm from the hole Place your collected worms into a container with some soil Keep the worms in a cool location until you are ready to use them

12 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

PumpkinseedFISHING TACKLE

Buzzbaits are similar to spinner baits They are used primarily for bass fishing as a topwater lure A buzz bait has a propeller like blade that creates a surface disturbance as it is pulled across the water The disturbance on the suface draws the fishrsquos attention just like a crankbait

BAITS AND LURES

PlugsCrankbaits have the shape and action of a baitfish or other aquatic food Some plugs are made to stay on top of the water some designed to swim just below the surface and some dive deep The depth they travel will depend upon the size of the bill or lip on the front of the lure The larger the bill or lip the deeper the lure will swim when pulled through the water Topwater crankbaits usually have a cup at the front to create more splashing and action in the water which draws the fishrsquos attention Crankbaits are usually made of plastic and sometimes contain small metal beads inside to create a vibration felt by the fish as it is pulled through the water Lures are designed to stimulate interest by the fish ultimately getting them to strike Plugs and crankbaits usually have at least 1 and up to 3 treble hooks

Spinnerbait with a skirt and two blades Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

A topwater buzzbait Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

Artificial Lures The choice of lures is almost unlimited The size color combinations and types are difficult choices the angler has to make when choosing which lure to use The purpose of a lure is to trick the fish into striking something that it thinks is good to eat An advantage of lures over bait is that lures can last many years

The selection of artifical lures is enormous Picking the right size type color and action (how the lure moves) can help increase your fishing success

Crankbait with lip Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

SpinnersSpinnerbaits are metal lures that have spinning blades that rotate through the water This metal blade imitates another fish swimming through the water Spinner-baits primarily used for bass fishing have a weighted head with a skirt to hide the hook

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 13

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

FISHING TACKLERods The type of rod you use will depend upon the type of tackle you plan to use and which type of reel you have The length of a rod can vary from 5 to 65 feet for spinning and casting rods for freshwater fishing The length depends upon user preference But for beginners 55 feet is a good starting point for most freshwater fish found in Connecticut Rods can be described by their ldquoactionrdquo or the amount of flexibility the rod has The lighter the action the more flexible the rod will be A rod with heavier action will be stiffer and more resistant to bending Your preferred action depends upon the size and weight of the lure or bait used and the fish you plan to catch For beginners a medium action rod is a good starting point Most rods will have information about the length action and recommended weight of line printed or stamped near the base just before the handle

Fly rods are different in that they are longer usually 7 to 10 feet and vary in action depending upon the weight of line you are using They are normally in two pieces with the reel sitting below the grip keeping it out of the way

Heavy action

Medium action

2 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Light action

FISHING TACKLEThe Line

Fishing line is typically monofilament material that is designed to be nearly invisible in the water Fishing line is classified in ldquopound-testrdquo This measurement is a reference to the amount of force in pounds that is required to break the line The larger the pound-test number the stronger the line As the strength of the line increases so does the thickness a disadvantage as thicker line is easier for the fish to see Finding the right balance of pound-test diameter for the type of fishing you are doing is important For a begin-ner and with most spincast reels 6 to 8 pound-test line is recommended The Weight Weights also called sinkers are an important part of your fishing rig Weights come in differ-ent shapes and sizes for different uses The weight of the fishing line and hook is not enough to hold your bait down in the water A sinker helps hold your bait down in the water The weight also provides additional casting support to help get your bait into the water One of the most common weights is the split shot A split shot is usually a round lead or steel ball with a groove on one side and 2 tabs on the other The fishing line is placed in the groove and then pinched shut with pliers To remove the split shot all you need to do is squeeze the two tabs towards each other opening the groove The benefit to split shot over other types of weights is that it is very easy to adjust how much weight you need by adding and removing pieces without having to tie and untie

Different sizes of monofilament line in pound-test Shown are 30 pound 14 pound and 4 pound-test line (from left to right)

Hooks

Hooks come in different shapes and sizes The basic parts of a hook are the eye shank bend point and barb The purpose of the hook is to pierce the mouth of the fish and keep the fish from getting away The barb is an important feature that keeps the fish from sliding back off of the hook Some hooks do not have a barb because certain fishing regulations require barb-less hooks Some hooks may have more than one point and they are referred to as a double or treble hook (often found on many types of lures) The most common hook and a good hook to start with is a simple Aberdeen hook The Aber-deen hook is usually J-shaped with a U-shaped bend at the base of a longer shank The longer shank makes it easier to remove the hook from the fish Once the type of hook is selected then the size of hook is chosen Hook sizes are generally referred to using num-bers The smallest hook size is 32 and the largest is 200 (twenty aught)

Size 6-8 is perfect for freshwater fishing in Connecticut Using a hook that is too large might not allow a smaller fish to get the hook in its mouth Using a hook too small could allow a larger fish to bend or break the hook Most anglers usually have a few hook sizes on hand so they can switch should they believe the current hook being used is too small or too large FloatBobber A float generally called a bobber is a plastic bulb that

attaches to your line and floats in the water The bobber is placed above the hook and

weight on the line and can usually be ad-justed up or down on the line to allow your bait to remain at a certain depth below the surface Another purpose is to indicate to the angler when a fish

has taken the bait A bobber about the size of a quarter

is a great tool for a beginner angler since it will help to indicate when the angler should reel in the fish Bobbers come in many shapes and sizes

Common fishing hooks

Split shot weight

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

wwwctgovdeepfishing

Date

My First Fish I caught this fish on

while fishing at Waterbody name

with Who I was with

Insert your photo here Congratulations on your first fish from your friends at

Hook

Split shot weight

Line

Bobber

The basic fishing set up used by CARE

FISHING TACKLEGetting Started While many think of fishing from a boat the majority of anglers will start off fishing from a dock or from shore One of the simplest fishing rigs to use is a spincast rod and reel with a small hook (size 6-8) split shot weight and bobber (see below) When used with live bait typically a worm this method is guaranteed to bring success if fish are present and biting

To get started tie on a hook attach the bobber about 1-2 feet above the hook and then add the split shot directly be-low the bobber Once the tackle is set thread a worm on to the hook Following safe casting technique (chapter 7) cast your bait into the water and reel in any excess line Keep an eye on your bobber When it starts to bounce move or goes under the surface of the water set the hook by quickly and sharply lifting the rod tip up into the air Begin to reel in your fish Eventually you will see your fish coming to the waterrsquos surface Be careful not to jerk the fish out of the water but gently pull it up For larger fish using a dip net is recommended

My First Fish Congratulations Catching the first fish is a significant milestone you and your young angler will never forget Have your camera ready to capture the beaming smile and then preserve your memory by downloading this certificate from wwwctgovdeepyfp

Watch the CARE basics of fishing video at

wwwctgovDEEPCARE

4 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Learn to tie knots the fun and easy way from the creators of the webrsquos 1 knot site Animated Knots by Grog is sim-ply the best most comprehensive teaching and reference tool for fishermen Watch knots tie themselves in simple step-by-step photo animations or go frame-by-frame as you learn each knot Tap the info button to get detailed descriptions about each knotrsquos correct use advantages and disadvantages and other information

Knots A good fishing knot designed specifically for monofil-ament line is critical to the success of any angler Tying a fishing knot takes practice to learn but will help reduce the chance of losing a fish because of the line breaking or the knot coming undone The purpose of a fishing knot is to pro-vide a strong connection between the hook and line without degrading the quality of the fishing line If you are using 12 pound-test line and tie a simple knot in the line the strength of the line at the knot will be much less than 12 pounds An improper knot will easily result in a broken line and loss of the fish bait or lure and much frustration and disappoint-ment An improved clinch knot is one of the easiest fishing knots to tie and is a knot many anglers learned when they were beginners Before starting inspect your line for damage like cuts or abrasions Remove any damaged line Read on for instructions on how to properly tie an improved clinch knot How to tie an improved clinch knot

Step 1 Run the end of your line through the eye of the hook

Step 2 Twist the line around 5 or 6 times

Step 3 Run the end of the line through the loop above the eye of the hook but notice the new loop you are creating as you run the line through the loop

FISHING TACKLEKNOTS

Step 4 Now run the end of the line through the new loop you created in the previous step

Step 5 With the end of the line and hook in one hand gently pull the other end of the line away from the hook Remember you have a hook in your other hand so be care ful not to pull too hard or you could hook yourself

Step 6 Once your knot is pulled down tight you should have a series of tight coils If you have excess line hanging from the knot you can trim it close to the knot Donrsquot cut too close or the knot will come undone

Brook Trout

wwwanimatedknotscomHow to videos

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 5

Tip When using monofilament line it helps to wet your line before pulling it tight To wet your line dip your fingers in some water or spit then rub the line The moisture provides a lubricant to help the knot slide tight against the hook

Anglers are responsible for everything they do It is the individualrsquos responsibility to follow the rules and regulations and to make good ethical decisions when fishing

Ethical angling means doing what is right at all times even when no one is watching

Angler Responsibilities bull Always think of safety when around the water and dealing with tackle bull Follow the rules and regulations published in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guidebull Value the resource and treat it with respectbull Respect other anglers and be courteous to others on or near the water giving them the space to fishbull Practice proper fish handling techniques and release fish immediately back to the water if you decide not to keep thembull Take only the fish you intend to use bull Carry out more than you carry in (pick-up any garbage left behind by other anglers)

Angler Code of Ethics It is important as an angler to have a personal code of ethics Ethics are not always rules or regulations that we are required to follow by law but they are beneficial to the sport of fishing and its future

An Ethical Anglerbull Supports conservation effortsbull Does not pollute and disposes of trashbull Practices safe angling and boatingbull Obeys fishing laws and regulationsbull Respects other anglerrsquos rightsbull Respects property ownerrsquos rightsbull Shares fishing knowledge and skillbull Does not release live bait into watersbull Promotes ethical sport fishingbull Takes only the fish intended for use

Rock Bass

RESPONSIBLE AND ETHICAL ANGLERS

Catch and release fishing is the practice of returning fish unharmed immediately back to the water Some waters like Trout Management Areas require catch and release fish-ing Here are some tips to help ensure the fish are released unharmed

Consider barbless hooks or pinch down the barb to facili-tate a quick hook removal

Carry a pair of fine needle nose pliers or hemostats to help remove a deep set hook

Wet your hands before picking up the fish and handle as little as possible

If you plan on taking a photograph have your camera ready to go Avoid placing the fish on the ground (this is a good reason to fish with a buddy)

When holding the fish please support it horizontally by the tail and belly A large fish held vertically could experi-ence some internal organ damage and later die

For more information check out wwwTakemefishingorg specifically the link for ldquoCatch and Releaserdquo

Good catch and release technique will ensure little harm to the fish

Always carry out what you carry in and if others have left trash behind take theirs as well Loss of access can result when fishing trash is left behind

6 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGPreparing for a Successful Fishing Trip The definition of a successful fishing trip varies from one person to another For many people just having an opportunity to get away and enjoy the outdoors is enough Some may measure success of the trip by the number of fish caught or the size of fish caught Whatever your definition preparation is important if you want to come home with a great story to share and memories to last a lifetime

Tips for a successful fishing trip- Watch the weather- Know the regulations- Check your gear- Let someone know where you will be fishing and when you plan to return- Take a friend to share the experience

Where to fish One of the first things to do is decide where you want to go fishing Finding a new body of water close to home is more convenient but there are many places to go fishing all across the state The best resource for finding nearby places to fish is the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide or our web page at wwwctgovDEEPfishing There you can find a listing of

the publicly accessible and stocked bodies of water If trout is your fish of choice review our trout stocking maps also found on the DEEP fisheries web page

Where are the fishFish donrsquot just randomly swim around in the water There are places they prefer to be at specific times As an angler knowing where fish prefer to be is good information to have Finding ldquostructurerdquo in the water or changes in depth are key places to look for fish Structure can be anything that helps to hide the fish such as a log or rocks underwater aquatic plants and docks Downed trees or other objects hanging over the water can be a focal point for fish Fish will typical-ly congregate around these objects for cover or shelter A change in depth can also be a focal point for fish so fishing along a drop off or near a deep spot can be successfulMaps are a useful tool for any angler to find places where fish may be found Maps may show contours changes in depth or boat ramps A great resource is the book ldquoA Fisheries Guide to Lakes and Ponds of Connecticutrdquo avail-able from the DEEP book store at wwwctgovDEEPstore Bathymetric maps (maps of the depth) for many of Con-necticutrsquos public lakes are available in this book and on the fisheries web site at wwwctgovDEEPfishing

Largemouth Bass

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 7

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGWhere Fish Live in Lakes Rivers and Streams

Before you can catch fish you have to find where they live There are places in lakes rivers and streams where fish prefer to live The areas where fish find conditions suitable to their needs ndash food cover and enough oxygen in the water ndash is called habitat Fish often live where they are protected from natural enemies such as bigger fish birds and some mammals

Lakes

Streams

Hole -fish hang out in deep water to hide from their predators

Drop Off -the edge of a hole is called a drop off Fish often hang around the drop off

Hump -an uprising on the bottom fish swim up and down the sides of a hump in search of food

Riffles - shallow areas usually with rocks or gravel and the water flows swiftly

Pools - wide and deep areas where fish like to feed

Run - deeper slower water

Fish wait in deep waters but come up in to the shallower water to feed Usually fish will stay close to cover along weed beds under downed trees docks or lily pads Cover not only helps protect fish from predators it also gives them a hiding place to ambush their own prey

Upstream Downstream

Eddy - rocks logs or a finger of land which deflects the current

In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight the current

8 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Connecticut has over 50 common species of freshwater fish of these just over half are usually sought after by anglers Rules and regulations differ depending upon the species of fish and the waterbody You must be able to quickly identify the type of fish you have caught to deter-mine if you can keep or need to release the fish In general when viewed from the side fish can be divided into those with streamlined bodies (longer than it is tall) and those with more rounded bodies (almost as tall as long) Examples of fish with streamlined body forms are trout bass pike perch walleye and catfish Examples of fish with a rounded body shape are sunfish rock bass and crappie Being familiar with the basic parts of a fish will help you to understand the many differences between our different species of fish

ISBN 978-0-942085-15-0

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

Connecticut Department ofEnvironmental Protection

Bureau of Natural ResourcesInland Fisheries Division

wwwctgovdep

Freshwater Fishes of Connecticut

$1995

A hint to the identity of the fish can be the type of water you are fishing The majority of freshwater fish prefer to live either in flowing waters (brooks streams and rivers) still waters (ponds and lakes) or can be commonly found in both The Inland Fisheries Division stocks many waters with fish so reviewing the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide to see the list of species likely caught in the waters listed is good practice

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Rainbow Trout

Need information on a particular type of fish Go to wwwTakemefishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg the official web page of the Recreational Boating and Fishing Foundation These pages contain excellent resources about fish and fishing Visit the ldquofish-o-pediardquo section to get the fish habits fishing tactics and general information about many of the recreational fish you can catch in Connecticut

Caudal fin

For information specific to Connecticutrsquos freshwater fish get ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert Jacobs and Eileen OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP bookstore wwwctgovDEEPstore

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 9

FISH IDENTIFICATION Rainbow Trout

Not sure about your catch Subtle differences between fish include the shape of the body-long vs round whiskers shape of the mouth and if there is a small fleshy lobe-like fin on the back near the tail Determine which of these traits match your fish then look to the photos and specific details to make a positive identification If you would like a professional opinion email a clear photo of the entire fish to deepinlandfisheriesctgov

The approximate size of the fish pictured is provided

Brook Trout have a dark body with light spots and a worm-like pattern on back head and sides The lower fins are typically red-orange with a white leading edge Stocked Brook Trout are typically less colorful than wild Brook Trout

Largemouth Bass have a dark stripe along the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches past the eye

White Perch have a silver body and lack any spots or bands

Tiger Trout (hybrid) have worm-like markings covering the entire body They usually do not have spots Tiger Trout are a sterile cross between a male Brook Trout and a female Brown Trout

Striped Bass have a light body somewhat silver in color with a series of horizontal black bands along the side

Walleye generally have a greenish or brownish back fading to a white belly They may have irregular dark green blotches on the body They have very large and sharp teeth

Brown Trout have a light body with dark spots The lower fins are typically brown tan or nearly colorless and may have a white leading edge Wild Brown Trout may have bright red and orange spots and an orange adipose fin The tail is more rounded than forked Brown Trout and Atlantic Salmon look very similar

Smallmouth Bass may have vertical stripes on the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches to the center of the eye

Yellow Perch have a yellow body with dark vertical bands and orange lower fins

Kokanee Salmon are silver without spots until spawning season when they undergo significant changes and turn red Males often develop a large hooked jaw (kype) The Kokanee Salmon die after they spawn

Rainbow Trout have a light body with dark spots on the head and the tail There is usually a pink band along each side

Atlantic Salmon have a light body with dark spots The adipose fin is brown or dark brown The lower fins are brown with no color on the leading edge There may be spots on the head and tail Wild Atlantic Salmon recently entering freshwater typically are silver turning brown after being in freshwater for a while Small Atlantic Salmon will have a deeply-forked tail Atlantic Salmon are stocked as fry into many tributaries of the Connecticut River All Atlantic Salmon must be immediately released unless it is from one of the areas the Inland Fisheries Division stocks with surplus adult Atlantic Salmon

Trout

Salmon

Bass Perch amp Walleye

11

8

16

6

14

14

6

16

16

32

12

14

18

Adult

Male

Juvenile

Juvenile

Adult brown form

30

copy Joseph Tomelleri

Adult silver form

30

10 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Pumpkinseeds have turquoise markings on the face and have a red dot on the gill cover

Yellow Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are light colored Both the belly and chin are usually yellow

Bluegills do not have turquoise markings on the face and do not have a red spot on the gill cover

Redbreast sunfish have some turquoise markings on the face The gill cover has a long oval dark ldquoearrdquo The belly is usually a bright orange-red

Rock Bass have a very large red-colored eye The pattern on the side of the body resembles camou-flage print

Northern Pike have a dark colored body with light spots The entire cheek and only frac12 of the gill cover is covered in scales The mouth has large and sharp teeth

White Sucker has a streamlined body with a round mouth The body is usually dark brown on top and bronze color on the side

Chain Pickerel have a yellow colored body with a dark ldquochain-likerdquo pattern Both the cheek and gill cover are completely covered with scales Typically there is a dark vertical band below the eye The mouth has large and sharp teeth

Common Carp can be a very large fish (up to 40 pounds) and have large scales Carp have a small whisker on each side of the mouth

Calico Bass (crappie) have a distinct curved profile from the head to the dorsal fin The body is very thin when viewed looking from head on The body is silvery or brass colored with dark spots

For questions about fish or fishing in Connecticut please contact the Inland Fisheries Division at 860-424-Fish or email deepinlandfisheriesctgov or visit our web page at wwwctgovdeepfishing

This guide is intended to provide some general descriptive information and a photo typical of each species featured These represent fish that are most often caught in freshwaters of CT The approximate size of the pictured fish is listed For more detailed information please refer to the ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert P Jacobs and Eileen B OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP store wwwctgovDEEPStore

Sunfish amp Bass Bullhead amp Catfish

Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

Channel Catfish have a forked tail (pointed tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and dark chin whiskers Compared to the white catfish the channel catfish has a narrow head

White Catfish have a forked tail (rounded tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and light chin whiskers Compared to the channel catfish the white catfish has a broad head The eyes may have a light blue band around the iris

6

8

18

36 16

26 30

8

16

8

6

10

14

Brown Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are dark colored Both the belly and chin are light colored and usually white

All photographs by Robert P Jacobs CT DEEP IFD

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 11

To rig an earthworm gently thread the worm onto the hook starting near the head (the end of the worm closest to the thick band) and gently sliding the hook through the body Leave some of the tail end of the worm to wiggle free of the hook

BAITS AND LURESNatural Baits Connecticutrsquos fishing regulation defines bait as any animal or vegetable or their parts living or dead used with a hook for the purpose of attracting and catching a fish

Selecting the type of bait is one of the most important decisions an angler makes This decision depends upon the type of fish you are trying to catch When selecting your bait it is important to understand how the fish finds its food and what it prefers to eat Bait can be live such as worms crickets or minnows or things such as cut pieces of fish chicken livers and corn or dough balls Worms are the most common bait and can be used to catch just about any species of fish The CARE program recommends worms as the bait of choice for beginning anglers Your local bait and tackle shop has a wide selection of worms mealworms minnows and specialty baits to help you have a successful fishing trip A list of bait and tackle shops is found in the CT anglerrsquos guide and on our web site (wwwctgovDEEPfishing) Finding your own bait is another option Digging worms picking night crawlers or catching minnows with a seine net or minnow trap are viable options

Smallmouth bass

Baiting Your Hook

To rig a mealworm (which is ac-tually a beetle larva) gently thread the larva onto the hook starting with the head and gently sliding the hook through the body

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg Mealworm

When using live minnows as bait either insert the point of the hook just before or un-der the dorsal fins or gently through both lips

Minnows

Earthworm

The great night crawler hunt Gathering your own earth-worms is a fun activity for the whole family Earthworms (the large ones are commonly called night crawlers) often surface onto moist grassy surfaces during the spring and summer Using a flashlight slowly scan the ground for a night crawler stretched out from its hole Once you spot one quickly grab the worm near as close to the hole as possible apply gentle but firm pressure until you successful-ly pull the worm from the hole Place your collected worms into a container with some soil Keep the worms in a cool location until you are ready to use them

12 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

PumpkinseedFISHING TACKLE

Buzzbaits are similar to spinner baits They are used primarily for bass fishing as a topwater lure A buzz bait has a propeller like blade that creates a surface disturbance as it is pulled across the water The disturbance on the suface draws the fishrsquos attention just like a crankbait

BAITS AND LURES

PlugsCrankbaits have the shape and action of a baitfish or other aquatic food Some plugs are made to stay on top of the water some designed to swim just below the surface and some dive deep The depth they travel will depend upon the size of the bill or lip on the front of the lure The larger the bill or lip the deeper the lure will swim when pulled through the water Topwater crankbaits usually have a cup at the front to create more splashing and action in the water which draws the fishrsquos attention Crankbaits are usually made of plastic and sometimes contain small metal beads inside to create a vibration felt by the fish as it is pulled through the water Lures are designed to stimulate interest by the fish ultimately getting them to strike Plugs and crankbaits usually have at least 1 and up to 3 treble hooks

Spinnerbait with a skirt and two blades Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

A topwater buzzbait Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

Artificial Lures The choice of lures is almost unlimited The size color combinations and types are difficult choices the angler has to make when choosing which lure to use The purpose of a lure is to trick the fish into striking something that it thinks is good to eat An advantage of lures over bait is that lures can last many years

The selection of artifical lures is enormous Picking the right size type color and action (how the lure moves) can help increase your fishing success

Crankbait with lip Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

SpinnersSpinnerbaits are metal lures that have spinning blades that rotate through the water This metal blade imitates another fish swimming through the water Spinner-baits primarily used for bass fishing have a weighted head with a skirt to hide the hook

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 13

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

FISHING TACKLEThe Line

Fishing line is typically monofilament material that is designed to be nearly invisible in the water Fishing line is classified in ldquopound-testrdquo This measurement is a reference to the amount of force in pounds that is required to break the line The larger the pound-test number the stronger the line As the strength of the line increases so does the thickness a disadvantage as thicker line is easier for the fish to see Finding the right balance of pound-test diameter for the type of fishing you are doing is important For a begin-ner and with most spincast reels 6 to 8 pound-test line is recommended The Weight Weights also called sinkers are an important part of your fishing rig Weights come in differ-ent shapes and sizes for different uses The weight of the fishing line and hook is not enough to hold your bait down in the water A sinker helps hold your bait down in the water The weight also provides additional casting support to help get your bait into the water One of the most common weights is the split shot A split shot is usually a round lead or steel ball with a groove on one side and 2 tabs on the other The fishing line is placed in the groove and then pinched shut with pliers To remove the split shot all you need to do is squeeze the two tabs towards each other opening the groove The benefit to split shot over other types of weights is that it is very easy to adjust how much weight you need by adding and removing pieces without having to tie and untie

Different sizes of monofilament line in pound-test Shown are 30 pound 14 pound and 4 pound-test line (from left to right)

Hooks

Hooks come in different shapes and sizes The basic parts of a hook are the eye shank bend point and barb The purpose of the hook is to pierce the mouth of the fish and keep the fish from getting away The barb is an important feature that keeps the fish from sliding back off of the hook Some hooks do not have a barb because certain fishing regulations require barb-less hooks Some hooks may have more than one point and they are referred to as a double or treble hook (often found on many types of lures) The most common hook and a good hook to start with is a simple Aberdeen hook The Aber-deen hook is usually J-shaped with a U-shaped bend at the base of a longer shank The longer shank makes it easier to remove the hook from the fish Once the type of hook is selected then the size of hook is chosen Hook sizes are generally referred to using num-bers The smallest hook size is 32 and the largest is 200 (twenty aught)

Size 6-8 is perfect for freshwater fishing in Connecticut Using a hook that is too large might not allow a smaller fish to get the hook in its mouth Using a hook too small could allow a larger fish to bend or break the hook Most anglers usually have a few hook sizes on hand so they can switch should they believe the current hook being used is too small or too large FloatBobber A float generally called a bobber is a plastic bulb that

attaches to your line and floats in the water The bobber is placed above the hook and

weight on the line and can usually be ad-justed up or down on the line to allow your bait to remain at a certain depth below the surface Another purpose is to indicate to the angler when a fish

has taken the bait A bobber about the size of a quarter

is a great tool for a beginner angler since it will help to indicate when the angler should reel in the fish Bobbers come in many shapes and sizes

Common fishing hooks

Split shot weight

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

wwwctgovdeepfishing

Date

My First Fish I caught this fish on

while fishing at Waterbody name

with Who I was with

Insert your photo here Congratulations on your first fish from your friends at

Hook

Split shot weight

Line

Bobber

The basic fishing set up used by CARE

FISHING TACKLEGetting Started While many think of fishing from a boat the majority of anglers will start off fishing from a dock or from shore One of the simplest fishing rigs to use is a spincast rod and reel with a small hook (size 6-8) split shot weight and bobber (see below) When used with live bait typically a worm this method is guaranteed to bring success if fish are present and biting

To get started tie on a hook attach the bobber about 1-2 feet above the hook and then add the split shot directly be-low the bobber Once the tackle is set thread a worm on to the hook Following safe casting technique (chapter 7) cast your bait into the water and reel in any excess line Keep an eye on your bobber When it starts to bounce move or goes under the surface of the water set the hook by quickly and sharply lifting the rod tip up into the air Begin to reel in your fish Eventually you will see your fish coming to the waterrsquos surface Be careful not to jerk the fish out of the water but gently pull it up For larger fish using a dip net is recommended

My First Fish Congratulations Catching the first fish is a significant milestone you and your young angler will never forget Have your camera ready to capture the beaming smile and then preserve your memory by downloading this certificate from wwwctgovdeepyfp

Watch the CARE basics of fishing video at

wwwctgovDEEPCARE

4 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Learn to tie knots the fun and easy way from the creators of the webrsquos 1 knot site Animated Knots by Grog is sim-ply the best most comprehensive teaching and reference tool for fishermen Watch knots tie themselves in simple step-by-step photo animations or go frame-by-frame as you learn each knot Tap the info button to get detailed descriptions about each knotrsquos correct use advantages and disadvantages and other information

Knots A good fishing knot designed specifically for monofil-ament line is critical to the success of any angler Tying a fishing knot takes practice to learn but will help reduce the chance of losing a fish because of the line breaking or the knot coming undone The purpose of a fishing knot is to pro-vide a strong connection between the hook and line without degrading the quality of the fishing line If you are using 12 pound-test line and tie a simple knot in the line the strength of the line at the knot will be much less than 12 pounds An improper knot will easily result in a broken line and loss of the fish bait or lure and much frustration and disappoint-ment An improved clinch knot is one of the easiest fishing knots to tie and is a knot many anglers learned when they were beginners Before starting inspect your line for damage like cuts or abrasions Remove any damaged line Read on for instructions on how to properly tie an improved clinch knot How to tie an improved clinch knot

Step 1 Run the end of your line through the eye of the hook

Step 2 Twist the line around 5 or 6 times

Step 3 Run the end of the line through the loop above the eye of the hook but notice the new loop you are creating as you run the line through the loop

FISHING TACKLEKNOTS

Step 4 Now run the end of the line through the new loop you created in the previous step

Step 5 With the end of the line and hook in one hand gently pull the other end of the line away from the hook Remember you have a hook in your other hand so be care ful not to pull too hard or you could hook yourself

Step 6 Once your knot is pulled down tight you should have a series of tight coils If you have excess line hanging from the knot you can trim it close to the knot Donrsquot cut too close or the knot will come undone

Brook Trout

wwwanimatedknotscomHow to videos

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 5

Tip When using monofilament line it helps to wet your line before pulling it tight To wet your line dip your fingers in some water or spit then rub the line The moisture provides a lubricant to help the knot slide tight against the hook

Anglers are responsible for everything they do It is the individualrsquos responsibility to follow the rules and regulations and to make good ethical decisions when fishing

Ethical angling means doing what is right at all times even when no one is watching

Angler Responsibilities bull Always think of safety when around the water and dealing with tackle bull Follow the rules and regulations published in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guidebull Value the resource and treat it with respectbull Respect other anglers and be courteous to others on or near the water giving them the space to fishbull Practice proper fish handling techniques and release fish immediately back to the water if you decide not to keep thembull Take only the fish you intend to use bull Carry out more than you carry in (pick-up any garbage left behind by other anglers)

Angler Code of Ethics It is important as an angler to have a personal code of ethics Ethics are not always rules or regulations that we are required to follow by law but they are beneficial to the sport of fishing and its future

An Ethical Anglerbull Supports conservation effortsbull Does not pollute and disposes of trashbull Practices safe angling and boatingbull Obeys fishing laws and regulationsbull Respects other anglerrsquos rightsbull Respects property ownerrsquos rightsbull Shares fishing knowledge and skillbull Does not release live bait into watersbull Promotes ethical sport fishingbull Takes only the fish intended for use

Rock Bass

RESPONSIBLE AND ETHICAL ANGLERS

Catch and release fishing is the practice of returning fish unharmed immediately back to the water Some waters like Trout Management Areas require catch and release fish-ing Here are some tips to help ensure the fish are released unharmed

Consider barbless hooks or pinch down the barb to facili-tate a quick hook removal

Carry a pair of fine needle nose pliers or hemostats to help remove a deep set hook

Wet your hands before picking up the fish and handle as little as possible

If you plan on taking a photograph have your camera ready to go Avoid placing the fish on the ground (this is a good reason to fish with a buddy)

When holding the fish please support it horizontally by the tail and belly A large fish held vertically could experi-ence some internal organ damage and later die

For more information check out wwwTakemefishingorg specifically the link for ldquoCatch and Releaserdquo

Good catch and release technique will ensure little harm to the fish

Always carry out what you carry in and if others have left trash behind take theirs as well Loss of access can result when fishing trash is left behind

6 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGPreparing for a Successful Fishing Trip The definition of a successful fishing trip varies from one person to another For many people just having an opportunity to get away and enjoy the outdoors is enough Some may measure success of the trip by the number of fish caught or the size of fish caught Whatever your definition preparation is important if you want to come home with a great story to share and memories to last a lifetime

Tips for a successful fishing trip- Watch the weather- Know the regulations- Check your gear- Let someone know where you will be fishing and when you plan to return- Take a friend to share the experience

Where to fish One of the first things to do is decide where you want to go fishing Finding a new body of water close to home is more convenient but there are many places to go fishing all across the state The best resource for finding nearby places to fish is the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide or our web page at wwwctgovDEEPfishing There you can find a listing of

the publicly accessible and stocked bodies of water If trout is your fish of choice review our trout stocking maps also found on the DEEP fisheries web page

Where are the fishFish donrsquot just randomly swim around in the water There are places they prefer to be at specific times As an angler knowing where fish prefer to be is good information to have Finding ldquostructurerdquo in the water or changes in depth are key places to look for fish Structure can be anything that helps to hide the fish such as a log or rocks underwater aquatic plants and docks Downed trees or other objects hanging over the water can be a focal point for fish Fish will typical-ly congregate around these objects for cover or shelter A change in depth can also be a focal point for fish so fishing along a drop off or near a deep spot can be successfulMaps are a useful tool for any angler to find places where fish may be found Maps may show contours changes in depth or boat ramps A great resource is the book ldquoA Fisheries Guide to Lakes and Ponds of Connecticutrdquo avail-able from the DEEP book store at wwwctgovDEEPstore Bathymetric maps (maps of the depth) for many of Con-necticutrsquos public lakes are available in this book and on the fisheries web site at wwwctgovDEEPfishing

Largemouth Bass

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 7

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGWhere Fish Live in Lakes Rivers and Streams

Before you can catch fish you have to find where they live There are places in lakes rivers and streams where fish prefer to live The areas where fish find conditions suitable to their needs ndash food cover and enough oxygen in the water ndash is called habitat Fish often live where they are protected from natural enemies such as bigger fish birds and some mammals

Lakes

Streams

Hole -fish hang out in deep water to hide from their predators

Drop Off -the edge of a hole is called a drop off Fish often hang around the drop off

Hump -an uprising on the bottom fish swim up and down the sides of a hump in search of food

Riffles - shallow areas usually with rocks or gravel and the water flows swiftly

Pools - wide and deep areas where fish like to feed

Run - deeper slower water

Fish wait in deep waters but come up in to the shallower water to feed Usually fish will stay close to cover along weed beds under downed trees docks or lily pads Cover not only helps protect fish from predators it also gives them a hiding place to ambush their own prey

Upstream Downstream

Eddy - rocks logs or a finger of land which deflects the current

In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight the current

8 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Connecticut has over 50 common species of freshwater fish of these just over half are usually sought after by anglers Rules and regulations differ depending upon the species of fish and the waterbody You must be able to quickly identify the type of fish you have caught to deter-mine if you can keep or need to release the fish In general when viewed from the side fish can be divided into those with streamlined bodies (longer than it is tall) and those with more rounded bodies (almost as tall as long) Examples of fish with streamlined body forms are trout bass pike perch walleye and catfish Examples of fish with a rounded body shape are sunfish rock bass and crappie Being familiar with the basic parts of a fish will help you to understand the many differences between our different species of fish

ISBN 978-0-942085-15-0

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

Connecticut Department ofEnvironmental Protection

Bureau of Natural ResourcesInland Fisheries Division

wwwctgovdep

Freshwater Fishes of Connecticut

$1995

A hint to the identity of the fish can be the type of water you are fishing The majority of freshwater fish prefer to live either in flowing waters (brooks streams and rivers) still waters (ponds and lakes) or can be commonly found in both The Inland Fisheries Division stocks many waters with fish so reviewing the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide to see the list of species likely caught in the waters listed is good practice

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Rainbow Trout

Need information on a particular type of fish Go to wwwTakemefishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg the official web page of the Recreational Boating and Fishing Foundation These pages contain excellent resources about fish and fishing Visit the ldquofish-o-pediardquo section to get the fish habits fishing tactics and general information about many of the recreational fish you can catch in Connecticut

Caudal fin

For information specific to Connecticutrsquos freshwater fish get ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert Jacobs and Eileen OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP bookstore wwwctgovDEEPstore

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 9

FISH IDENTIFICATION Rainbow Trout

Not sure about your catch Subtle differences between fish include the shape of the body-long vs round whiskers shape of the mouth and if there is a small fleshy lobe-like fin on the back near the tail Determine which of these traits match your fish then look to the photos and specific details to make a positive identification If you would like a professional opinion email a clear photo of the entire fish to deepinlandfisheriesctgov

The approximate size of the fish pictured is provided

Brook Trout have a dark body with light spots and a worm-like pattern on back head and sides The lower fins are typically red-orange with a white leading edge Stocked Brook Trout are typically less colorful than wild Brook Trout

Largemouth Bass have a dark stripe along the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches past the eye

White Perch have a silver body and lack any spots or bands

Tiger Trout (hybrid) have worm-like markings covering the entire body They usually do not have spots Tiger Trout are a sterile cross between a male Brook Trout and a female Brown Trout

Striped Bass have a light body somewhat silver in color with a series of horizontal black bands along the side

Walleye generally have a greenish or brownish back fading to a white belly They may have irregular dark green blotches on the body They have very large and sharp teeth

Brown Trout have a light body with dark spots The lower fins are typically brown tan or nearly colorless and may have a white leading edge Wild Brown Trout may have bright red and orange spots and an orange adipose fin The tail is more rounded than forked Brown Trout and Atlantic Salmon look very similar

Smallmouth Bass may have vertical stripes on the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches to the center of the eye

Yellow Perch have a yellow body with dark vertical bands and orange lower fins

Kokanee Salmon are silver without spots until spawning season when they undergo significant changes and turn red Males often develop a large hooked jaw (kype) The Kokanee Salmon die after they spawn

Rainbow Trout have a light body with dark spots on the head and the tail There is usually a pink band along each side

Atlantic Salmon have a light body with dark spots The adipose fin is brown or dark brown The lower fins are brown with no color on the leading edge There may be spots on the head and tail Wild Atlantic Salmon recently entering freshwater typically are silver turning brown after being in freshwater for a while Small Atlantic Salmon will have a deeply-forked tail Atlantic Salmon are stocked as fry into many tributaries of the Connecticut River All Atlantic Salmon must be immediately released unless it is from one of the areas the Inland Fisheries Division stocks with surplus adult Atlantic Salmon

Trout

Salmon

Bass Perch amp Walleye

11

8

16

6

14

14

6

16

16

32

12

14

18

Adult

Male

Juvenile

Juvenile

Adult brown form

30

copy Joseph Tomelleri

Adult silver form

30

10 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Pumpkinseeds have turquoise markings on the face and have a red dot on the gill cover

Yellow Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are light colored Both the belly and chin are usually yellow

Bluegills do not have turquoise markings on the face and do not have a red spot on the gill cover

Redbreast sunfish have some turquoise markings on the face The gill cover has a long oval dark ldquoearrdquo The belly is usually a bright orange-red

Rock Bass have a very large red-colored eye The pattern on the side of the body resembles camou-flage print

Northern Pike have a dark colored body with light spots The entire cheek and only frac12 of the gill cover is covered in scales The mouth has large and sharp teeth

White Sucker has a streamlined body with a round mouth The body is usually dark brown on top and bronze color on the side

Chain Pickerel have a yellow colored body with a dark ldquochain-likerdquo pattern Both the cheek and gill cover are completely covered with scales Typically there is a dark vertical band below the eye The mouth has large and sharp teeth

Common Carp can be a very large fish (up to 40 pounds) and have large scales Carp have a small whisker on each side of the mouth

Calico Bass (crappie) have a distinct curved profile from the head to the dorsal fin The body is very thin when viewed looking from head on The body is silvery or brass colored with dark spots

For questions about fish or fishing in Connecticut please contact the Inland Fisheries Division at 860-424-Fish or email deepinlandfisheriesctgov or visit our web page at wwwctgovdeepfishing

This guide is intended to provide some general descriptive information and a photo typical of each species featured These represent fish that are most often caught in freshwaters of CT The approximate size of the pictured fish is listed For more detailed information please refer to the ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert P Jacobs and Eileen B OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP store wwwctgovDEEPStore

Sunfish amp Bass Bullhead amp Catfish

Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

Channel Catfish have a forked tail (pointed tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and dark chin whiskers Compared to the white catfish the channel catfish has a narrow head

White Catfish have a forked tail (rounded tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and light chin whiskers Compared to the channel catfish the white catfish has a broad head The eyes may have a light blue band around the iris

6

8

18

36 16

26 30

8

16

8

6

10

14

Brown Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are dark colored Both the belly and chin are light colored and usually white

All photographs by Robert P Jacobs CT DEEP IFD

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 11

To rig an earthworm gently thread the worm onto the hook starting near the head (the end of the worm closest to the thick band) and gently sliding the hook through the body Leave some of the tail end of the worm to wiggle free of the hook

BAITS AND LURESNatural Baits Connecticutrsquos fishing regulation defines bait as any animal or vegetable or their parts living or dead used with a hook for the purpose of attracting and catching a fish

Selecting the type of bait is one of the most important decisions an angler makes This decision depends upon the type of fish you are trying to catch When selecting your bait it is important to understand how the fish finds its food and what it prefers to eat Bait can be live such as worms crickets or minnows or things such as cut pieces of fish chicken livers and corn or dough balls Worms are the most common bait and can be used to catch just about any species of fish The CARE program recommends worms as the bait of choice for beginning anglers Your local bait and tackle shop has a wide selection of worms mealworms minnows and specialty baits to help you have a successful fishing trip A list of bait and tackle shops is found in the CT anglerrsquos guide and on our web site (wwwctgovDEEPfishing) Finding your own bait is another option Digging worms picking night crawlers or catching minnows with a seine net or minnow trap are viable options

Smallmouth bass

Baiting Your Hook

To rig a mealworm (which is ac-tually a beetle larva) gently thread the larva onto the hook starting with the head and gently sliding the hook through the body

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg Mealworm

When using live minnows as bait either insert the point of the hook just before or un-der the dorsal fins or gently through both lips

Minnows

Earthworm

The great night crawler hunt Gathering your own earth-worms is a fun activity for the whole family Earthworms (the large ones are commonly called night crawlers) often surface onto moist grassy surfaces during the spring and summer Using a flashlight slowly scan the ground for a night crawler stretched out from its hole Once you spot one quickly grab the worm near as close to the hole as possible apply gentle but firm pressure until you successful-ly pull the worm from the hole Place your collected worms into a container with some soil Keep the worms in a cool location until you are ready to use them

12 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

PumpkinseedFISHING TACKLE

Buzzbaits are similar to spinner baits They are used primarily for bass fishing as a topwater lure A buzz bait has a propeller like blade that creates a surface disturbance as it is pulled across the water The disturbance on the suface draws the fishrsquos attention just like a crankbait

BAITS AND LURES

PlugsCrankbaits have the shape and action of a baitfish or other aquatic food Some plugs are made to stay on top of the water some designed to swim just below the surface and some dive deep The depth they travel will depend upon the size of the bill or lip on the front of the lure The larger the bill or lip the deeper the lure will swim when pulled through the water Topwater crankbaits usually have a cup at the front to create more splashing and action in the water which draws the fishrsquos attention Crankbaits are usually made of plastic and sometimes contain small metal beads inside to create a vibration felt by the fish as it is pulled through the water Lures are designed to stimulate interest by the fish ultimately getting them to strike Plugs and crankbaits usually have at least 1 and up to 3 treble hooks

Spinnerbait with a skirt and two blades Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

A topwater buzzbait Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

Artificial Lures The choice of lures is almost unlimited The size color combinations and types are difficult choices the angler has to make when choosing which lure to use The purpose of a lure is to trick the fish into striking something that it thinks is good to eat An advantage of lures over bait is that lures can last many years

The selection of artifical lures is enormous Picking the right size type color and action (how the lure moves) can help increase your fishing success

Crankbait with lip Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

SpinnersSpinnerbaits are metal lures that have spinning blades that rotate through the water This metal blade imitates another fish swimming through the water Spinner-baits primarily used for bass fishing have a weighted head with a skirt to hide the hook

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 13

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

wwwctgovdeepfishing

Date

My First Fish I caught this fish on

while fishing at Waterbody name

with Who I was with

Insert your photo here Congratulations on your first fish from your friends at

Hook

Split shot weight

Line

Bobber

The basic fishing set up used by CARE

FISHING TACKLEGetting Started While many think of fishing from a boat the majority of anglers will start off fishing from a dock or from shore One of the simplest fishing rigs to use is a spincast rod and reel with a small hook (size 6-8) split shot weight and bobber (see below) When used with live bait typically a worm this method is guaranteed to bring success if fish are present and biting

To get started tie on a hook attach the bobber about 1-2 feet above the hook and then add the split shot directly be-low the bobber Once the tackle is set thread a worm on to the hook Following safe casting technique (chapter 7) cast your bait into the water and reel in any excess line Keep an eye on your bobber When it starts to bounce move or goes under the surface of the water set the hook by quickly and sharply lifting the rod tip up into the air Begin to reel in your fish Eventually you will see your fish coming to the waterrsquos surface Be careful not to jerk the fish out of the water but gently pull it up For larger fish using a dip net is recommended

My First Fish Congratulations Catching the first fish is a significant milestone you and your young angler will never forget Have your camera ready to capture the beaming smile and then preserve your memory by downloading this certificate from wwwctgovdeepyfp

Watch the CARE basics of fishing video at

wwwctgovDEEPCARE

4 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Learn to tie knots the fun and easy way from the creators of the webrsquos 1 knot site Animated Knots by Grog is sim-ply the best most comprehensive teaching and reference tool for fishermen Watch knots tie themselves in simple step-by-step photo animations or go frame-by-frame as you learn each knot Tap the info button to get detailed descriptions about each knotrsquos correct use advantages and disadvantages and other information

Knots A good fishing knot designed specifically for monofil-ament line is critical to the success of any angler Tying a fishing knot takes practice to learn but will help reduce the chance of losing a fish because of the line breaking or the knot coming undone The purpose of a fishing knot is to pro-vide a strong connection between the hook and line without degrading the quality of the fishing line If you are using 12 pound-test line and tie a simple knot in the line the strength of the line at the knot will be much less than 12 pounds An improper knot will easily result in a broken line and loss of the fish bait or lure and much frustration and disappoint-ment An improved clinch knot is one of the easiest fishing knots to tie and is a knot many anglers learned when they were beginners Before starting inspect your line for damage like cuts or abrasions Remove any damaged line Read on for instructions on how to properly tie an improved clinch knot How to tie an improved clinch knot

Step 1 Run the end of your line through the eye of the hook

Step 2 Twist the line around 5 or 6 times

Step 3 Run the end of the line through the loop above the eye of the hook but notice the new loop you are creating as you run the line through the loop

FISHING TACKLEKNOTS

Step 4 Now run the end of the line through the new loop you created in the previous step

Step 5 With the end of the line and hook in one hand gently pull the other end of the line away from the hook Remember you have a hook in your other hand so be care ful not to pull too hard or you could hook yourself

Step 6 Once your knot is pulled down tight you should have a series of tight coils If you have excess line hanging from the knot you can trim it close to the knot Donrsquot cut too close or the knot will come undone

Brook Trout

wwwanimatedknotscomHow to videos

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 5

Tip When using monofilament line it helps to wet your line before pulling it tight To wet your line dip your fingers in some water or spit then rub the line The moisture provides a lubricant to help the knot slide tight against the hook

Anglers are responsible for everything they do It is the individualrsquos responsibility to follow the rules and regulations and to make good ethical decisions when fishing

Ethical angling means doing what is right at all times even when no one is watching

Angler Responsibilities bull Always think of safety when around the water and dealing with tackle bull Follow the rules and regulations published in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guidebull Value the resource and treat it with respectbull Respect other anglers and be courteous to others on or near the water giving them the space to fishbull Practice proper fish handling techniques and release fish immediately back to the water if you decide not to keep thembull Take only the fish you intend to use bull Carry out more than you carry in (pick-up any garbage left behind by other anglers)

Angler Code of Ethics It is important as an angler to have a personal code of ethics Ethics are not always rules or regulations that we are required to follow by law but they are beneficial to the sport of fishing and its future

An Ethical Anglerbull Supports conservation effortsbull Does not pollute and disposes of trashbull Practices safe angling and boatingbull Obeys fishing laws and regulationsbull Respects other anglerrsquos rightsbull Respects property ownerrsquos rightsbull Shares fishing knowledge and skillbull Does not release live bait into watersbull Promotes ethical sport fishingbull Takes only the fish intended for use

Rock Bass

RESPONSIBLE AND ETHICAL ANGLERS

Catch and release fishing is the practice of returning fish unharmed immediately back to the water Some waters like Trout Management Areas require catch and release fish-ing Here are some tips to help ensure the fish are released unharmed

Consider barbless hooks or pinch down the barb to facili-tate a quick hook removal

Carry a pair of fine needle nose pliers or hemostats to help remove a deep set hook

Wet your hands before picking up the fish and handle as little as possible

If you plan on taking a photograph have your camera ready to go Avoid placing the fish on the ground (this is a good reason to fish with a buddy)

When holding the fish please support it horizontally by the tail and belly A large fish held vertically could experi-ence some internal organ damage and later die

For more information check out wwwTakemefishingorg specifically the link for ldquoCatch and Releaserdquo

Good catch and release technique will ensure little harm to the fish

Always carry out what you carry in and if others have left trash behind take theirs as well Loss of access can result when fishing trash is left behind

6 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGPreparing for a Successful Fishing Trip The definition of a successful fishing trip varies from one person to another For many people just having an opportunity to get away and enjoy the outdoors is enough Some may measure success of the trip by the number of fish caught or the size of fish caught Whatever your definition preparation is important if you want to come home with a great story to share and memories to last a lifetime

Tips for a successful fishing trip- Watch the weather- Know the regulations- Check your gear- Let someone know where you will be fishing and when you plan to return- Take a friend to share the experience

Where to fish One of the first things to do is decide where you want to go fishing Finding a new body of water close to home is more convenient but there are many places to go fishing all across the state The best resource for finding nearby places to fish is the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide or our web page at wwwctgovDEEPfishing There you can find a listing of

the publicly accessible and stocked bodies of water If trout is your fish of choice review our trout stocking maps also found on the DEEP fisheries web page

Where are the fishFish donrsquot just randomly swim around in the water There are places they prefer to be at specific times As an angler knowing where fish prefer to be is good information to have Finding ldquostructurerdquo in the water or changes in depth are key places to look for fish Structure can be anything that helps to hide the fish such as a log or rocks underwater aquatic plants and docks Downed trees or other objects hanging over the water can be a focal point for fish Fish will typical-ly congregate around these objects for cover or shelter A change in depth can also be a focal point for fish so fishing along a drop off or near a deep spot can be successfulMaps are a useful tool for any angler to find places where fish may be found Maps may show contours changes in depth or boat ramps A great resource is the book ldquoA Fisheries Guide to Lakes and Ponds of Connecticutrdquo avail-able from the DEEP book store at wwwctgovDEEPstore Bathymetric maps (maps of the depth) for many of Con-necticutrsquos public lakes are available in this book and on the fisheries web site at wwwctgovDEEPfishing

Largemouth Bass

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 7

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGWhere Fish Live in Lakes Rivers and Streams

Before you can catch fish you have to find where they live There are places in lakes rivers and streams where fish prefer to live The areas where fish find conditions suitable to their needs ndash food cover and enough oxygen in the water ndash is called habitat Fish often live where they are protected from natural enemies such as bigger fish birds and some mammals

Lakes

Streams

Hole -fish hang out in deep water to hide from their predators

Drop Off -the edge of a hole is called a drop off Fish often hang around the drop off

Hump -an uprising on the bottom fish swim up and down the sides of a hump in search of food

Riffles - shallow areas usually with rocks or gravel and the water flows swiftly

Pools - wide and deep areas where fish like to feed

Run - deeper slower water

Fish wait in deep waters but come up in to the shallower water to feed Usually fish will stay close to cover along weed beds under downed trees docks or lily pads Cover not only helps protect fish from predators it also gives them a hiding place to ambush their own prey

Upstream Downstream

Eddy - rocks logs or a finger of land which deflects the current

In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight the current

8 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Connecticut has over 50 common species of freshwater fish of these just over half are usually sought after by anglers Rules and regulations differ depending upon the species of fish and the waterbody You must be able to quickly identify the type of fish you have caught to deter-mine if you can keep or need to release the fish In general when viewed from the side fish can be divided into those with streamlined bodies (longer than it is tall) and those with more rounded bodies (almost as tall as long) Examples of fish with streamlined body forms are trout bass pike perch walleye and catfish Examples of fish with a rounded body shape are sunfish rock bass and crappie Being familiar with the basic parts of a fish will help you to understand the many differences between our different species of fish

ISBN 978-0-942085-15-0

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

Connecticut Department ofEnvironmental Protection

Bureau of Natural ResourcesInland Fisheries Division

wwwctgovdep

Freshwater Fishes of Connecticut

$1995

A hint to the identity of the fish can be the type of water you are fishing The majority of freshwater fish prefer to live either in flowing waters (brooks streams and rivers) still waters (ponds and lakes) or can be commonly found in both The Inland Fisheries Division stocks many waters with fish so reviewing the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide to see the list of species likely caught in the waters listed is good practice

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Rainbow Trout

Need information on a particular type of fish Go to wwwTakemefishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg the official web page of the Recreational Boating and Fishing Foundation These pages contain excellent resources about fish and fishing Visit the ldquofish-o-pediardquo section to get the fish habits fishing tactics and general information about many of the recreational fish you can catch in Connecticut

Caudal fin

For information specific to Connecticutrsquos freshwater fish get ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert Jacobs and Eileen OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP bookstore wwwctgovDEEPstore

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 9

FISH IDENTIFICATION Rainbow Trout

Not sure about your catch Subtle differences between fish include the shape of the body-long vs round whiskers shape of the mouth and if there is a small fleshy lobe-like fin on the back near the tail Determine which of these traits match your fish then look to the photos and specific details to make a positive identification If you would like a professional opinion email a clear photo of the entire fish to deepinlandfisheriesctgov

The approximate size of the fish pictured is provided

Brook Trout have a dark body with light spots and a worm-like pattern on back head and sides The lower fins are typically red-orange with a white leading edge Stocked Brook Trout are typically less colorful than wild Brook Trout

Largemouth Bass have a dark stripe along the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches past the eye

White Perch have a silver body and lack any spots or bands

Tiger Trout (hybrid) have worm-like markings covering the entire body They usually do not have spots Tiger Trout are a sterile cross between a male Brook Trout and a female Brown Trout

Striped Bass have a light body somewhat silver in color with a series of horizontal black bands along the side

Walleye generally have a greenish or brownish back fading to a white belly They may have irregular dark green blotches on the body They have very large and sharp teeth

Brown Trout have a light body with dark spots The lower fins are typically brown tan or nearly colorless and may have a white leading edge Wild Brown Trout may have bright red and orange spots and an orange adipose fin The tail is more rounded than forked Brown Trout and Atlantic Salmon look very similar

Smallmouth Bass may have vertical stripes on the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches to the center of the eye

Yellow Perch have a yellow body with dark vertical bands and orange lower fins

Kokanee Salmon are silver without spots until spawning season when they undergo significant changes and turn red Males often develop a large hooked jaw (kype) The Kokanee Salmon die after they spawn

Rainbow Trout have a light body with dark spots on the head and the tail There is usually a pink band along each side

Atlantic Salmon have a light body with dark spots The adipose fin is brown or dark brown The lower fins are brown with no color on the leading edge There may be spots on the head and tail Wild Atlantic Salmon recently entering freshwater typically are silver turning brown after being in freshwater for a while Small Atlantic Salmon will have a deeply-forked tail Atlantic Salmon are stocked as fry into many tributaries of the Connecticut River All Atlantic Salmon must be immediately released unless it is from one of the areas the Inland Fisheries Division stocks with surplus adult Atlantic Salmon

Trout

Salmon

Bass Perch amp Walleye

11

8

16

6

14

14

6

16

16

32

12

14

18

Adult

Male

Juvenile

Juvenile

Adult brown form

30

copy Joseph Tomelleri

Adult silver form

30

10 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Pumpkinseeds have turquoise markings on the face and have a red dot on the gill cover

Yellow Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are light colored Both the belly and chin are usually yellow

Bluegills do not have turquoise markings on the face and do not have a red spot on the gill cover

Redbreast sunfish have some turquoise markings on the face The gill cover has a long oval dark ldquoearrdquo The belly is usually a bright orange-red

Rock Bass have a very large red-colored eye The pattern on the side of the body resembles camou-flage print

Northern Pike have a dark colored body with light spots The entire cheek and only frac12 of the gill cover is covered in scales The mouth has large and sharp teeth

White Sucker has a streamlined body with a round mouth The body is usually dark brown on top and bronze color on the side

Chain Pickerel have a yellow colored body with a dark ldquochain-likerdquo pattern Both the cheek and gill cover are completely covered with scales Typically there is a dark vertical band below the eye The mouth has large and sharp teeth

Common Carp can be a very large fish (up to 40 pounds) and have large scales Carp have a small whisker on each side of the mouth

Calico Bass (crappie) have a distinct curved profile from the head to the dorsal fin The body is very thin when viewed looking from head on The body is silvery or brass colored with dark spots

For questions about fish or fishing in Connecticut please contact the Inland Fisheries Division at 860-424-Fish or email deepinlandfisheriesctgov or visit our web page at wwwctgovdeepfishing

This guide is intended to provide some general descriptive information and a photo typical of each species featured These represent fish that are most often caught in freshwaters of CT The approximate size of the pictured fish is listed For more detailed information please refer to the ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert P Jacobs and Eileen B OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP store wwwctgovDEEPStore

Sunfish amp Bass Bullhead amp Catfish

Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

Channel Catfish have a forked tail (pointed tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and dark chin whiskers Compared to the white catfish the channel catfish has a narrow head

White Catfish have a forked tail (rounded tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and light chin whiskers Compared to the channel catfish the white catfish has a broad head The eyes may have a light blue band around the iris

6

8

18

36 16

26 30

8

16

8

6

10

14

Brown Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are dark colored Both the belly and chin are light colored and usually white

All photographs by Robert P Jacobs CT DEEP IFD

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 11

To rig an earthworm gently thread the worm onto the hook starting near the head (the end of the worm closest to the thick band) and gently sliding the hook through the body Leave some of the tail end of the worm to wiggle free of the hook

BAITS AND LURESNatural Baits Connecticutrsquos fishing regulation defines bait as any animal or vegetable or their parts living or dead used with a hook for the purpose of attracting and catching a fish

Selecting the type of bait is one of the most important decisions an angler makes This decision depends upon the type of fish you are trying to catch When selecting your bait it is important to understand how the fish finds its food and what it prefers to eat Bait can be live such as worms crickets or minnows or things such as cut pieces of fish chicken livers and corn or dough balls Worms are the most common bait and can be used to catch just about any species of fish The CARE program recommends worms as the bait of choice for beginning anglers Your local bait and tackle shop has a wide selection of worms mealworms minnows and specialty baits to help you have a successful fishing trip A list of bait and tackle shops is found in the CT anglerrsquos guide and on our web site (wwwctgovDEEPfishing) Finding your own bait is another option Digging worms picking night crawlers or catching minnows with a seine net or minnow trap are viable options

Smallmouth bass

Baiting Your Hook

To rig a mealworm (which is ac-tually a beetle larva) gently thread the larva onto the hook starting with the head and gently sliding the hook through the body

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg Mealworm

When using live minnows as bait either insert the point of the hook just before or un-der the dorsal fins or gently through both lips

Minnows

Earthworm

The great night crawler hunt Gathering your own earth-worms is a fun activity for the whole family Earthworms (the large ones are commonly called night crawlers) often surface onto moist grassy surfaces during the spring and summer Using a flashlight slowly scan the ground for a night crawler stretched out from its hole Once you spot one quickly grab the worm near as close to the hole as possible apply gentle but firm pressure until you successful-ly pull the worm from the hole Place your collected worms into a container with some soil Keep the worms in a cool location until you are ready to use them

12 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

PumpkinseedFISHING TACKLE

Buzzbaits are similar to spinner baits They are used primarily for bass fishing as a topwater lure A buzz bait has a propeller like blade that creates a surface disturbance as it is pulled across the water The disturbance on the suface draws the fishrsquos attention just like a crankbait

BAITS AND LURES

PlugsCrankbaits have the shape and action of a baitfish or other aquatic food Some plugs are made to stay on top of the water some designed to swim just below the surface and some dive deep The depth they travel will depend upon the size of the bill or lip on the front of the lure The larger the bill or lip the deeper the lure will swim when pulled through the water Topwater crankbaits usually have a cup at the front to create more splashing and action in the water which draws the fishrsquos attention Crankbaits are usually made of plastic and sometimes contain small metal beads inside to create a vibration felt by the fish as it is pulled through the water Lures are designed to stimulate interest by the fish ultimately getting them to strike Plugs and crankbaits usually have at least 1 and up to 3 treble hooks

Spinnerbait with a skirt and two blades Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

A topwater buzzbait Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

Artificial Lures The choice of lures is almost unlimited The size color combinations and types are difficult choices the angler has to make when choosing which lure to use The purpose of a lure is to trick the fish into striking something that it thinks is good to eat An advantage of lures over bait is that lures can last many years

The selection of artifical lures is enormous Picking the right size type color and action (how the lure moves) can help increase your fishing success

Crankbait with lip Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

SpinnersSpinnerbaits are metal lures that have spinning blades that rotate through the water This metal blade imitates another fish swimming through the water Spinner-baits primarily used for bass fishing have a weighted head with a skirt to hide the hook

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 13

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

Learn to tie knots the fun and easy way from the creators of the webrsquos 1 knot site Animated Knots by Grog is sim-ply the best most comprehensive teaching and reference tool for fishermen Watch knots tie themselves in simple step-by-step photo animations or go frame-by-frame as you learn each knot Tap the info button to get detailed descriptions about each knotrsquos correct use advantages and disadvantages and other information

Knots A good fishing knot designed specifically for monofil-ament line is critical to the success of any angler Tying a fishing knot takes practice to learn but will help reduce the chance of losing a fish because of the line breaking or the knot coming undone The purpose of a fishing knot is to pro-vide a strong connection between the hook and line without degrading the quality of the fishing line If you are using 12 pound-test line and tie a simple knot in the line the strength of the line at the knot will be much less than 12 pounds An improper knot will easily result in a broken line and loss of the fish bait or lure and much frustration and disappoint-ment An improved clinch knot is one of the easiest fishing knots to tie and is a knot many anglers learned when they were beginners Before starting inspect your line for damage like cuts or abrasions Remove any damaged line Read on for instructions on how to properly tie an improved clinch knot How to tie an improved clinch knot

Step 1 Run the end of your line through the eye of the hook

Step 2 Twist the line around 5 or 6 times

Step 3 Run the end of the line through the loop above the eye of the hook but notice the new loop you are creating as you run the line through the loop

FISHING TACKLEKNOTS

Step 4 Now run the end of the line through the new loop you created in the previous step

Step 5 With the end of the line and hook in one hand gently pull the other end of the line away from the hook Remember you have a hook in your other hand so be care ful not to pull too hard or you could hook yourself

Step 6 Once your knot is pulled down tight you should have a series of tight coils If you have excess line hanging from the knot you can trim it close to the knot Donrsquot cut too close or the knot will come undone

Brook Trout

wwwanimatedknotscomHow to videos

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 5

Tip When using monofilament line it helps to wet your line before pulling it tight To wet your line dip your fingers in some water or spit then rub the line The moisture provides a lubricant to help the knot slide tight against the hook

Anglers are responsible for everything they do It is the individualrsquos responsibility to follow the rules and regulations and to make good ethical decisions when fishing

Ethical angling means doing what is right at all times even when no one is watching

Angler Responsibilities bull Always think of safety when around the water and dealing with tackle bull Follow the rules and regulations published in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guidebull Value the resource and treat it with respectbull Respect other anglers and be courteous to others on or near the water giving them the space to fishbull Practice proper fish handling techniques and release fish immediately back to the water if you decide not to keep thembull Take only the fish you intend to use bull Carry out more than you carry in (pick-up any garbage left behind by other anglers)

Angler Code of Ethics It is important as an angler to have a personal code of ethics Ethics are not always rules or regulations that we are required to follow by law but they are beneficial to the sport of fishing and its future

An Ethical Anglerbull Supports conservation effortsbull Does not pollute and disposes of trashbull Practices safe angling and boatingbull Obeys fishing laws and regulationsbull Respects other anglerrsquos rightsbull Respects property ownerrsquos rightsbull Shares fishing knowledge and skillbull Does not release live bait into watersbull Promotes ethical sport fishingbull Takes only the fish intended for use

Rock Bass

RESPONSIBLE AND ETHICAL ANGLERS

Catch and release fishing is the practice of returning fish unharmed immediately back to the water Some waters like Trout Management Areas require catch and release fish-ing Here are some tips to help ensure the fish are released unharmed

Consider barbless hooks or pinch down the barb to facili-tate a quick hook removal

Carry a pair of fine needle nose pliers or hemostats to help remove a deep set hook

Wet your hands before picking up the fish and handle as little as possible

If you plan on taking a photograph have your camera ready to go Avoid placing the fish on the ground (this is a good reason to fish with a buddy)

When holding the fish please support it horizontally by the tail and belly A large fish held vertically could experi-ence some internal organ damage and later die

For more information check out wwwTakemefishingorg specifically the link for ldquoCatch and Releaserdquo

Good catch and release technique will ensure little harm to the fish

Always carry out what you carry in and if others have left trash behind take theirs as well Loss of access can result when fishing trash is left behind

6 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGPreparing for a Successful Fishing Trip The definition of a successful fishing trip varies from one person to another For many people just having an opportunity to get away and enjoy the outdoors is enough Some may measure success of the trip by the number of fish caught or the size of fish caught Whatever your definition preparation is important if you want to come home with a great story to share and memories to last a lifetime

Tips for a successful fishing trip- Watch the weather- Know the regulations- Check your gear- Let someone know where you will be fishing and when you plan to return- Take a friend to share the experience

Where to fish One of the first things to do is decide where you want to go fishing Finding a new body of water close to home is more convenient but there are many places to go fishing all across the state The best resource for finding nearby places to fish is the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide or our web page at wwwctgovDEEPfishing There you can find a listing of

the publicly accessible and stocked bodies of water If trout is your fish of choice review our trout stocking maps also found on the DEEP fisheries web page

Where are the fishFish donrsquot just randomly swim around in the water There are places they prefer to be at specific times As an angler knowing where fish prefer to be is good information to have Finding ldquostructurerdquo in the water or changes in depth are key places to look for fish Structure can be anything that helps to hide the fish such as a log or rocks underwater aquatic plants and docks Downed trees or other objects hanging over the water can be a focal point for fish Fish will typical-ly congregate around these objects for cover or shelter A change in depth can also be a focal point for fish so fishing along a drop off or near a deep spot can be successfulMaps are a useful tool for any angler to find places where fish may be found Maps may show contours changes in depth or boat ramps A great resource is the book ldquoA Fisheries Guide to Lakes and Ponds of Connecticutrdquo avail-able from the DEEP book store at wwwctgovDEEPstore Bathymetric maps (maps of the depth) for many of Con-necticutrsquos public lakes are available in this book and on the fisheries web site at wwwctgovDEEPfishing

Largemouth Bass

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 7

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGWhere Fish Live in Lakes Rivers and Streams

Before you can catch fish you have to find where they live There are places in lakes rivers and streams where fish prefer to live The areas where fish find conditions suitable to their needs ndash food cover and enough oxygen in the water ndash is called habitat Fish often live where they are protected from natural enemies such as bigger fish birds and some mammals

Lakes

Streams

Hole -fish hang out in deep water to hide from their predators

Drop Off -the edge of a hole is called a drop off Fish often hang around the drop off

Hump -an uprising on the bottom fish swim up and down the sides of a hump in search of food

Riffles - shallow areas usually with rocks or gravel and the water flows swiftly

Pools - wide and deep areas where fish like to feed

Run - deeper slower water

Fish wait in deep waters but come up in to the shallower water to feed Usually fish will stay close to cover along weed beds under downed trees docks or lily pads Cover not only helps protect fish from predators it also gives them a hiding place to ambush their own prey

Upstream Downstream

Eddy - rocks logs or a finger of land which deflects the current

In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight the current

8 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Connecticut has over 50 common species of freshwater fish of these just over half are usually sought after by anglers Rules and regulations differ depending upon the species of fish and the waterbody You must be able to quickly identify the type of fish you have caught to deter-mine if you can keep or need to release the fish In general when viewed from the side fish can be divided into those with streamlined bodies (longer than it is tall) and those with more rounded bodies (almost as tall as long) Examples of fish with streamlined body forms are trout bass pike perch walleye and catfish Examples of fish with a rounded body shape are sunfish rock bass and crappie Being familiar with the basic parts of a fish will help you to understand the many differences between our different species of fish

ISBN 978-0-942085-15-0

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

Connecticut Department ofEnvironmental Protection

Bureau of Natural ResourcesInland Fisheries Division

wwwctgovdep

Freshwater Fishes of Connecticut

$1995

A hint to the identity of the fish can be the type of water you are fishing The majority of freshwater fish prefer to live either in flowing waters (brooks streams and rivers) still waters (ponds and lakes) or can be commonly found in both The Inland Fisheries Division stocks many waters with fish so reviewing the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide to see the list of species likely caught in the waters listed is good practice

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Rainbow Trout

Need information on a particular type of fish Go to wwwTakemefishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg the official web page of the Recreational Boating and Fishing Foundation These pages contain excellent resources about fish and fishing Visit the ldquofish-o-pediardquo section to get the fish habits fishing tactics and general information about many of the recreational fish you can catch in Connecticut

Caudal fin

For information specific to Connecticutrsquos freshwater fish get ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert Jacobs and Eileen OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP bookstore wwwctgovDEEPstore

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 9

FISH IDENTIFICATION Rainbow Trout

Not sure about your catch Subtle differences between fish include the shape of the body-long vs round whiskers shape of the mouth and if there is a small fleshy lobe-like fin on the back near the tail Determine which of these traits match your fish then look to the photos and specific details to make a positive identification If you would like a professional opinion email a clear photo of the entire fish to deepinlandfisheriesctgov

The approximate size of the fish pictured is provided

Brook Trout have a dark body with light spots and a worm-like pattern on back head and sides The lower fins are typically red-orange with a white leading edge Stocked Brook Trout are typically less colorful than wild Brook Trout

Largemouth Bass have a dark stripe along the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches past the eye

White Perch have a silver body and lack any spots or bands

Tiger Trout (hybrid) have worm-like markings covering the entire body They usually do not have spots Tiger Trout are a sterile cross between a male Brook Trout and a female Brown Trout

Striped Bass have a light body somewhat silver in color with a series of horizontal black bands along the side

Walleye generally have a greenish or brownish back fading to a white belly They may have irregular dark green blotches on the body They have very large and sharp teeth

Brown Trout have a light body with dark spots The lower fins are typically brown tan or nearly colorless and may have a white leading edge Wild Brown Trout may have bright red and orange spots and an orange adipose fin The tail is more rounded than forked Brown Trout and Atlantic Salmon look very similar

Smallmouth Bass may have vertical stripes on the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches to the center of the eye

Yellow Perch have a yellow body with dark vertical bands and orange lower fins

Kokanee Salmon are silver without spots until spawning season when they undergo significant changes and turn red Males often develop a large hooked jaw (kype) The Kokanee Salmon die after they spawn

Rainbow Trout have a light body with dark spots on the head and the tail There is usually a pink band along each side

Atlantic Salmon have a light body with dark spots The adipose fin is brown or dark brown The lower fins are brown with no color on the leading edge There may be spots on the head and tail Wild Atlantic Salmon recently entering freshwater typically are silver turning brown after being in freshwater for a while Small Atlantic Salmon will have a deeply-forked tail Atlantic Salmon are stocked as fry into many tributaries of the Connecticut River All Atlantic Salmon must be immediately released unless it is from one of the areas the Inland Fisheries Division stocks with surplus adult Atlantic Salmon

Trout

Salmon

Bass Perch amp Walleye

11

8

16

6

14

14

6

16

16

32

12

14

18

Adult

Male

Juvenile

Juvenile

Adult brown form

30

copy Joseph Tomelleri

Adult silver form

30

10 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Pumpkinseeds have turquoise markings on the face and have a red dot on the gill cover

Yellow Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are light colored Both the belly and chin are usually yellow

Bluegills do not have turquoise markings on the face and do not have a red spot on the gill cover

Redbreast sunfish have some turquoise markings on the face The gill cover has a long oval dark ldquoearrdquo The belly is usually a bright orange-red

Rock Bass have a very large red-colored eye The pattern on the side of the body resembles camou-flage print

Northern Pike have a dark colored body with light spots The entire cheek and only frac12 of the gill cover is covered in scales The mouth has large and sharp teeth

White Sucker has a streamlined body with a round mouth The body is usually dark brown on top and bronze color on the side

Chain Pickerel have a yellow colored body with a dark ldquochain-likerdquo pattern Both the cheek and gill cover are completely covered with scales Typically there is a dark vertical band below the eye The mouth has large and sharp teeth

Common Carp can be a very large fish (up to 40 pounds) and have large scales Carp have a small whisker on each side of the mouth

Calico Bass (crappie) have a distinct curved profile from the head to the dorsal fin The body is very thin when viewed looking from head on The body is silvery or brass colored with dark spots

For questions about fish or fishing in Connecticut please contact the Inland Fisheries Division at 860-424-Fish or email deepinlandfisheriesctgov or visit our web page at wwwctgovdeepfishing

This guide is intended to provide some general descriptive information and a photo typical of each species featured These represent fish that are most often caught in freshwaters of CT The approximate size of the pictured fish is listed For more detailed information please refer to the ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert P Jacobs and Eileen B OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP store wwwctgovDEEPStore

Sunfish amp Bass Bullhead amp Catfish

Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

Channel Catfish have a forked tail (pointed tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and dark chin whiskers Compared to the white catfish the channel catfish has a narrow head

White Catfish have a forked tail (rounded tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and light chin whiskers Compared to the channel catfish the white catfish has a broad head The eyes may have a light blue band around the iris

6

8

18

36 16

26 30

8

16

8

6

10

14

Brown Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are dark colored Both the belly and chin are light colored and usually white

All photographs by Robert P Jacobs CT DEEP IFD

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 11

To rig an earthworm gently thread the worm onto the hook starting near the head (the end of the worm closest to the thick band) and gently sliding the hook through the body Leave some of the tail end of the worm to wiggle free of the hook

BAITS AND LURESNatural Baits Connecticutrsquos fishing regulation defines bait as any animal or vegetable or their parts living or dead used with a hook for the purpose of attracting and catching a fish

Selecting the type of bait is one of the most important decisions an angler makes This decision depends upon the type of fish you are trying to catch When selecting your bait it is important to understand how the fish finds its food and what it prefers to eat Bait can be live such as worms crickets or minnows or things such as cut pieces of fish chicken livers and corn or dough balls Worms are the most common bait and can be used to catch just about any species of fish The CARE program recommends worms as the bait of choice for beginning anglers Your local bait and tackle shop has a wide selection of worms mealworms minnows and specialty baits to help you have a successful fishing trip A list of bait and tackle shops is found in the CT anglerrsquos guide and on our web site (wwwctgovDEEPfishing) Finding your own bait is another option Digging worms picking night crawlers or catching minnows with a seine net or minnow trap are viable options

Smallmouth bass

Baiting Your Hook

To rig a mealworm (which is ac-tually a beetle larva) gently thread the larva onto the hook starting with the head and gently sliding the hook through the body

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg Mealworm

When using live minnows as bait either insert the point of the hook just before or un-der the dorsal fins or gently through both lips

Minnows

Earthworm

The great night crawler hunt Gathering your own earth-worms is a fun activity for the whole family Earthworms (the large ones are commonly called night crawlers) often surface onto moist grassy surfaces during the spring and summer Using a flashlight slowly scan the ground for a night crawler stretched out from its hole Once you spot one quickly grab the worm near as close to the hole as possible apply gentle but firm pressure until you successful-ly pull the worm from the hole Place your collected worms into a container with some soil Keep the worms in a cool location until you are ready to use them

12 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

PumpkinseedFISHING TACKLE

Buzzbaits are similar to spinner baits They are used primarily for bass fishing as a topwater lure A buzz bait has a propeller like blade that creates a surface disturbance as it is pulled across the water The disturbance on the suface draws the fishrsquos attention just like a crankbait

BAITS AND LURES

PlugsCrankbaits have the shape and action of a baitfish or other aquatic food Some plugs are made to stay on top of the water some designed to swim just below the surface and some dive deep The depth they travel will depend upon the size of the bill or lip on the front of the lure The larger the bill or lip the deeper the lure will swim when pulled through the water Topwater crankbaits usually have a cup at the front to create more splashing and action in the water which draws the fishrsquos attention Crankbaits are usually made of plastic and sometimes contain small metal beads inside to create a vibration felt by the fish as it is pulled through the water Lures are designed to stimulate interest by the fish ultimately getting them to strike Plugs and crankbaits usually have at least 1 and up to 3 treble hooks

Spinnerbait with a skirt and two blades Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

A topwater buzzbait Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

Artificial Lures The choice of lures is almost unlimited The size color combinations and types are difficult choices the angler has to make when choosing which lure to use The purpose of a lure is to trick the fish into striking something that it thinks is good to eat An advantage of lures over bait is that lures can last many years

The selection of artifical lures is enormous Picking the right size type color and action (how the lure moves) can help increase your fishing success

Crankbait with lip Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

SpinnersSpinnerbaits are metal lures that have spinning blades that rotate through the water This metal blade imitates another fish swimming through the water Spinner-baits primarily used for bass fishing have a weighted head with a skirt to hide the hook

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 13

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

Anglers are responsible for everything they do It is the individualrsquos responsibility to follow the rules and regulations and to make good ethical decisions when fishing

Ethical angling means doing what is right at all times even when no one is watching

Angler Responsibilities bull Always think of safety when around the water and dealing with tackle bull Follow the rules and regulations published in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guidebull Value the resource and treat it with respectbull Respect other anglers and be courteous to others on or near the water giving them the space to fishbull Practice proper fish handling techniques and release fish immediately back to the water if you decide not to keep thembull Take only the fish you intend to use bull Carry out more than you carry in (pick-up any garbage left behind by other anglers)

Angler Code of Ethics It is important as an angler to have a personal code of ethics Ethics are not always rules or regulations that we are required to follow by law but they are beneficial to the sport of fishing and its future

An Ethical Anglerbull Supports conservation effortsbull Does not pollute and disposes of trashbull Practices safe angling and boatingbull Obeys fishing laws and regulationsbull Respects other anglerrsquos rightsbull Respects property ownerrsquos rightsbull Shares fishing knowledge and skillbull Does not release live bait into watersbull Promotes ethical sport fishingbull Takes only the fish intended for use

Rock Bass

RESPONSIBLE AND ETHICAL ANGLERS

Catch and release fishing is the practice of returning fish unharmed immediately back to the water Some waters like Trout Management Areas require catch and release fish-ing Here are some tips to help ensure the fish are released unharmed

Consider barbless hooks or pinch down the barb to facili-tate a quick hook removal

Carry a pair of fine needle nose pliers or hemostats to help remove a deep set hook

Wet your hands before picking up the fish and handle as little as possible

If you plan on taking a photograph have your camera ready to go Avoid placing the fish on the ground (this is a good reason to fish with a buddy)

When holding the fish please support it horizontally by the tail and belly A large fish held vertically could experi-ence some internal organ damage and later die

For more information check out wwwTakemefishingorg specifically the link for ldquoCatch and Releaserdquo

Good catch and release technique will ensure little harm to the fish

Always carry out what you carry in and if others have left trash behind take theirs as well Loss of access can result when fishing trash is left behind

6 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGPreparing for a Successful Fishing Trip The definition of a successful fishing trip varies from one person to another For many people just having an opportunity to get away and enjoy the outdoors is enough Some may measure success of the trip by the number of fish caught or the size of fish caught Whatever your definition preparation is important if you want to come home with a great story to share and memories to last a lifetime

Tips for a successful fishing trip- Watch the weather- Know the regulations- Check your gear- Let someone know where you will be fishing and when you plan to return- Take a friend to share the experience

Where to fish One of the first things to do is decide where you want to go fishing Finding a new body of water close to home is more convenient but there are many places to go fishing all across the state The best resource for finding nearby places to fish is the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide or our web page at wwwctgovDEEPfishing There you can find a listing of

the publicly accessible and stocked bodies of water If trout is your fish of choice review our trout stocking maps also found on the DEEP fisheries web page

Where are the fishFish donrsquot just randomly swim around in the water There are places they prefer to be at specific times As an angler knowing where fish prefer to be is good information to have Finding ldquostructurerdquo in the water or changes in depth are key places to look for fish Structure can be anything that helps to hide the fish such as a log or rocks underwater aquatic plants and docks Downed trees or other objects hanging over the water can be a focal point for fish Fish will typical-ly congregate around these objects for cover or shelter A change in depth can also be a focal point for fish so fishing along a drop off or near a deep spot can be successfulMaps are a useful tool for any angler to find places where fish may be found Maps may show contours changes in depth or boat ramps A great resource is the book ldquoA Fisheries Guide to Lakes and Ponds of Connecticutrdquo avail-able from the DEEP book store at wwwctgovDEEPstore Bathymetric maps (maps of the depth) for many of Con-necticutrsquos public lakes are available in this book and on the fisheries web site at wwwctgovDEEPfishing

Largemouth Bass

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 7

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGWhere Fish Live in Lakes Rivers and Streams

Before you can catch fish you have to find where they live There are places in lakes rivers and streams where fish prefer to live The areas where fish find conditions suitable to their needs ndash food cover and enough oxygen in the water ndash is called habitat Fish often live where they are protected from natural enemies such as bigger fish birds and some mammals

Lakes

Streams

Hole -fish hang out in deep water to hide from their predators

Drop Off -the edge of a hole is called a drop off Fish often hang around the drop off

Hump -an uprising on the bottom fish swim up and down the sides of a hump in search of food

Riffles - shallow areas usually with rocks or gravel and the water flows swiftly

Pools - wide and deep areas where fish like to feed

Run - deeper slower water

Fish wait in deep waters but come up in to the shallower water to feed Usually fish will stay close to cover along weed beds under downed trees docks or lily pads Cover not only helps protect fish from predators it also gives them a hiding place to ambush their own prey

Upstream Downstream

Eddy - rocks logs or a finger of land which deflects the current

In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight the current

8 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Connecticut has over 50 common species of freshwater fish of these just over half are usually sought after by anglers Rules and regulations differ depending upon the species of fish and the waterbody You must be able to quickly identify the type of fish you have caught to deter-mine if you can keep or need to release the fish In general when viewed from the side fish can be divided into those with streamlined bodies (longer than it is tall) and those with more rounded bodies (almost as tall as long) Examples of fish with streamlined body forms are trout bass pike perch walleye and catfish Examples of fish with a rounded body shape are sunfish rock bass and crappie Being familiar with the basic parts of a fish will help you to understand the many differences between our different species of fish

ISBN 978-0-942085-15-0

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

Connecticut Department ofEnvironmental Protection

Bureau of Natural ResourcesInland Fisheries Division

wwwctgovdep

Freshwater Fishes of Connecticut

$1995

A hint to the identity of the fish can be the type of water you are fishing The majority of freshwater fish prefer to live either in flowing waters (brooks streams and rivers) still waters (ponds and lakes) or can be commonly found in both The Inland Fisheries Division stocks many waters with fish so reviewing the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide to see the list of species likely caught in the waters listed is good practice

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Rainbow Trout

Need information on a particular type of fish Go to wwwTakemefishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg the official web page of the Recreational Boating and Fishing Foundation These pages contain excellent resources about fish and fishing Visit the ldquofish-o-pediardquo section to get the fish habits fishing tactics and general information about many of the recreational fish you can catch in Connecticut

Caudal fin

For information specific to Connecticutrsquos freshwater fish get ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert Jacobs and Eileen OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP bookstore wwwctgovDEEPstore

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 9

FISH IDENTIFICATION Rainbow Trout

Not sure about your catch Subtle differences between fish include the shape of the body-long vs round whiskers shape of the mouth and if there is a small fleshy lobe-like fin on the back near the tail Determine which of these traits match your fish then look to the photos and specific details to make a positive identification If you would like a professional opinion email a clear photo of the entire fish to deepinlandfisheriesctgov

The approximate size of the fish pictured is provided

Brook Trout have a dark body with light spots and a worm-like pattern on back head and sides The lower fins are typically red-orange with a white leading edge Stocked Brook Trout are typically less colorful than wild Brook Trout

Largemouth Bass have a dark stripe along the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches past the eye

White Perch have a silver body and lack any spots or bands

Tiger Trout (hybrid) have worm-like markings covering the entire body They usually do not have spots Tiger Trout are a sterile cross between a male Brook Trout and a female Brown Trout

Striped Bass have a light body somewhat silver in color with a series of horizontal black bands along the side

Walleye generally have a greenish or brownish back fading to a white belly They may have irregular dark green blotches on the body They have very large and sharp teeth

Brown Trout have a light body with dark spots The lower fins are typically brown tan or nearly colorless and may have a white leading edge Wild Brown Trout may have bright red and orange spots and an orange adipose fin The tail is more rounded than forked Brown Trout and Atlantic Salmon look very similar

Smallmouth Bass may have vertical stripes on the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches to the center of the eye

Yellow Perch have a yellow body with dark vertical bands and orange lower fins

Kokanee Salmon are silver without spots until spawning season when they undergo significant changes and turn red Males often develop a large hooked jaw (kype) The Kokanee Salmon die after they spawn

Rainbow Trout have a light body with dark spots on the head and the tail There is usually a pink band along each side

Atlantic Salmon have a light body with dark spots The adipose fin is brown or dark brown The lower fins are brown with no color on the leading edge There may be spots on the head and tail Wild Atlantic Salmon recently entering freshwater typically are silver turning brown after being in freshwater for a while Small Atlantic Salmon will have a deeply-forked tail Atlantic Salmon are stocked as fry into many tributaries of the Connecticut River All Atlantic Salmon must be immediately released unless it is from one of the areas the Inland Fisheries Division stocks with surplus adult Atlantic Salmon

Trout

Salmon

Bass Perch amp Walleye

11

8

16

6

14

14

6

16

16

32

12

14

18

Adult

Male

Juvenile

Juvenile

Adult brown form

30

copy Joseph Tomelleri

Adult silver form

30

10 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Pumpkinseeds have turquoise markings on the face and have a red dot on the gill cover

Yellow Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are light colored Both the belly and chin are usually yellow

Bluegills do not have turquoise markings on the face and do not have a red spot on the gill cover

Redbreast sunfish have some turquoise markings on the face The gill cover has a long oval dark ldquoearrdquo The belly is usually a bright orange-red

Rock Bass have a very large red-colored eye The pattern on the side of the body resembles camou-flage print

Northern Pike have a dark colored body with light spots The entire cheek and only frac12 of the gill cover is covered in scales The mouth has large and sharp teeth

White Sucker has a streamlined body with a round mouth The body is usually dark brown on top and bronze color on the side

Chain Pickerel have a yellow colored body with a dark ldquochain-likerdquo pattern Both the cheek and gill cover are completely covered with scales Typically there is a dark vertical band below the eye The mouth has large and sharp teeth

Common Carp can be a very large fish (up to 40 pounds) and have large scales Carp have a small whisker on each side of the mouth

Calico Bass (crappie) have a distinct curved profile from the head to the dorsal fin The body is very thin when viewed looking from head on The body is silvery or brass colored with dark spots

For questions about fish or fishing in Connecticut please contact the Inland Fisheries Division at 860-424-Fish or email deepinlandfisheriesctgov or visit our web page at wwwctgovdeepfishing

This guide is intended to provide some general descriptive information and a photo typical of each species featured These represent fish that are most often caught in freshwaters of CT The approximate size of the pictured fish is listed For more detailed information please refer to the ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert P Jacobs and Eileen B OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP store wwwctgovDEEPStore

Sunfish amp Bass Bullhead amp Catfish

Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

Channel Catfish have a forked tail (pointed tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and dark chin whiskers Compared to the white catfish the channel catfish has a narrow head

White Catfish have a forked tail (rounded tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and light chin whiskers Compared to the channel catfish the white catfish has a broad head The eyes may have a light blue band around the iris

6

8

18

36 16

26 30

8

16

8

6

10

14

Brown Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are dark colored Both the belly and chin are light colored and usually white

All photographs by Robert P Jacobs CT DEEP IFD

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 11

To rig an earthworm gently thread the worm onto the hook starting near the head (the end of the worm closest to the thick band) and gently sliding the hook through the body Leave some of the tail end of the worm to wiggle free of the hook

BAITS AND LURESNatural Baits Connecticutrsquos fishing regulation defines bait as any animal or vegetable or their parts living or dead used with a hook for the purpose of attracting and catching a fish

Selecting the type of bait is one of the most important decisions an angler makes This decision depends upon the type of fish you are trying to catch When selecting your bait it is important to understand how the fish finds its food and what it prefers to eat Bait can be live such as worms crickets or minnows or things such as cut pieces of fish chicken livers and corn or dough balls Worms are the most common bait and can be used to catch just about any species of fish The CARE program recommends worms as the bait of choice for beginning anglers Your local bait and tackle shop has a wide selection of worms mealworms minnows and specialty baits to help you have a successful fishing trip A list of bait and tackle shops is found in the CT anglerrsquos guide and on our web site (wwwctgovDEEPfishing) Finding your own bait is another option Digging worms picking night crawlers or catching minnows with a seine net or minnow trap are viable options

Smallmouth bass

Baiting Your Hook

To rig a mealworm (which is ac-tually a beetle larva) gently thread the larva onto the hook starting with the head and gently sliding the hook through the body

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg Mealworm

When using live minnows as bait either insert the point of the hook just before or un-der the dorsal fins or gently through both lips

Minnows

Earthworm

The great night crawler hunt Gathering your own earth-worms is a fun activity for the whole family Earthworms (the large ones are commonly called night crawlers) often surface onto moist grassy surfaces during the spring and summer Using a flashlight slowly scan the ground for a night crawler stretched out from its hole Once you spot one quickly grab the worm near as close to the hole as possible apply gentle but firm pressure until you successful-ly pull the worm from the hole Place your collected worms into a container with some soil Keep the worms in a cool location until you are ready to use them

12 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

PumpkinseedFISHING TACKLE

Buzzbaits are similar to spinner baits They are used primarily for bass fishing as a topwater lure A buzz bait has a propeller like blade that creates a surface disturbance as it is pulled across the water The disturbance on the suface draws the fishrsquos attention just like a crankbait

BAITS AND LURES

PlugsCrankbaits have the shape and action of a baitfish or other aquatic food Some plugs are made to stay on top of the water some designed to swim just below the surface and some dive deep The depth they travel will depend upon the size of the bill or lip on the front of the lure The larger the bill or lip the deeper the lure will swim when pulled through the water Topwater crankbaits usually have a cup at the front to create more splashing and action in the water which draws the fishrsquos attention Crankbaits are usually made of plastic and sometimes contain small metal beads inside to create a vibration felt by the fish as it is pulled through the water Lures are designed to stimulate interest by the fish ultimately getting them to strike Plugs and crankbaits usually have at least 1 and up to 3 treble hooks

Spinnerbait with a skirt and two blades Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

A topwater buzzbait Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

Artificial Lures The choice of lures is almost unlimited The size color combinations and types are difficult choices the angler has to make when choosing which lure to use The purpose of a lure is to trick the fish into striking something that it thinks is good to eat An advantage of lures over bait is that lures can last many years

The selection of artifical lures is enormous Picking the right size type color and action (how the lure moves) can help increase your fishing success

Crankbait with lip Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

SpinnersSpinnerbaits are metal lures that have spinning blades that rotate through the water This metal blade imitates another fish swimming through the water Spinner-baits primarily used for bass fishing have a weighted head with a skirt to hide the hook

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 13

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGPreparing for a Successful Fishing Trip The definition of a successful fishing trip varies from one person to another For many people just having an opportunity to get away and enjoy the outdoors is enough Some may measure success of the trip by the number of fish caught or the size of fish caught Whatever your definition preparation is important if you want to come home with a great story to share and memories to last a lifetime

Tips for a successful fishing trip- Watch the weather- Know the regulations- Check your gear- Let someone know where you will be fishing and when you plan to return- Take a friend to share the experience

Where to fish One of the first things to do is decide where you want to go fishing Finding a new body of water close to home is more convenient but there are many places to go fishing all across the state The best resource for finding nearby places to fish is the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide or our web page at wwwctgovDEEPfishing There you can find a listing of

the publicly accessible and stocked bodies of water If trout is your fish of choice review our trout stocking maps also found on the DEEP fisheries web page

Where are the fishFish donrsquot just randomly swim around in the water There are places they prefer to be at specific times As an angler knowing where fish prefer to be is good information to have Finding ldquostructurerdquo in the water or changes in depth are key places to look for fish Structure can be anything that helps to hide the fish such as a log or rocks underwater aquatic plants and docks Downed trees or other objects hanging over the water can be a focal point for fish Fish will typical-ly congregate around these objects for cover or shelter A change in depth can also be a focal point for fish so fishing along a drop off or near a deep spot can be successfulMaps are a useful tool for any angler to find places where fish may be found Maps may show contours changes in depth or boat ramps A great resource is the book ldquoA Fisheries Guide to Lakes and Ponds of Connecticutrdquo avail-able from the DEEP book store at wwwctgovDEEPstore Bathymetric maps (maps of the depth) for many of Con-necticutrsquos public lakes are available in this book and on the fisheries web site at wwwctgovDEEPfishing

Largemouth Bass

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 7

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGWhere Fish Live in Lakes Rivers and Streams

Before you can catch fish you have to find where they live There are places in lakes rivers and streams where fish prefer to live The areas where fish find conditions suitable to their needs ndash food cover and enough oxygen in the water ndash is called habitat Fish often live where they are protected from natural enemies such as bigger fish birds and some mammals

Lakes

Streams

Hole -fish hang out in deep water to hide from their predators

Drop Off -the edge of a hole is called a drop off Fish often hang around the drop off

Hump -an uprising on the bottom fish swim up and down the sides of a hump in search of food

Riffles - shallow areas usually with rocks or gravel and the water flows swiftly

Pools - wide and deep areas where fish like to feed

Run - deeper slower water

Fish wait in deep waters but come up in to the shallower water to feed Usually fish will stay close to cover along weed beds under downed trees docks or lily pads Cover not only helps protect fish from predators it also gives them a hiding place to ambush their own prey

Upstream Downstream

Eddy - rocks logs or a finger of land which deflects the current

In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight the current

8 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Connecticut has over 50 common species of freshwater fish of these just over half are usually sought after by anglers Rules and regulations differ depending upon the species of fish and the waterbody You must be able to quickly identify the type of fish you have caught to deter-mine if you can keep or need to release the fish In general when viewed from the side fish can be divided into those with streamlined bodies (longer than it is tall) and those with more rounded bodies (almost as tall as long) Examples of fish with streamlined body forms are trout bass pike perch walleye and catfish Examples of fish with a rounded body shape are sunfish rock bass and crappie Being familiar with the basic parts of a fish will help you to understand the many differences between our different species of fish

ISBN 978-0-942085-15-0

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

Connecticut Department ofEnvironmental Protection

Bureau of Natural ResourcesInland Fisheries Division

wwwctgovdep

Freshwater Fishes of Connecticut

$1995

A hint to the identity of the fish can be the type of water you are fishing The majority of freshwater fish prefer to live either in flowing waters (brooks streams and rivers) still waters (ponds and lakes) or can be commonly found in both The Inland Fisheries Division stocks many waters with fish so reviewing the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide to see the list of species likely caught in the waters listed is good practice

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Rainbow Trout

Need information on a particular type of fish Go to wwwTakemefishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg the official web page of the Recreational Boating and Fishing Foundation These pages contain excellent resources about fish and fishing Visit the ldquofish-o-pediardquo section to get the fish habits fishing tactics and general information about many of the recreational fish you can catch in Connecticut

Caudal fin

For information specific to Connecticutrsquos freshwater fish get ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert Jacobs and Eileen OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP bookstore wwwctgovDEEPstore

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 9

FISH IDENTIFICATION Rainbow Trout

Not sure about your catch Subtle differences between fish include the shape of the body-long vs round whiskers shape of the mouth and if there is a small fleshy lobe-like fin on the back near the tail Determine which of these traits match your fish then look to the photos and specific details to make a positive identification If you would like a professional opinion email a clear photo of the entire fish to deepinlandfisheriesctgov

The approximate size of the fish pictured is provided

Brook Trout have a dark body with light spots and a worm-like pattern on back head and sides The lower fins are typically red-orange with a white leading edge Stocked Brook Trout are typically less colorful than wild Brook Trout

Largemouth Bass have a dark stripe along the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches past the eye

White Perch have a silver body and lack any spots or bands

Tiger Trout (hybrid) have worm-like markings covering the entire body They usually do not have spots Tiger Trout are a sterile cross between a male Brook Trout and a female Brown Trout

Striped Bass have a light body somewhat silver in color with a series of horizontal black bands along the side

Walleye generally have a greenish or brownish back fading to a white belly They may have irregular dark green blotches on the body They have very large and sharp teeth

Brown Trout have a light body with dark spots The lower fins are typically brown tan or nearly colorless and may have a white leading edge Wild Brown Trout may have bright red and orange spots and an orange adipose fin The tail is more rounded than forked Brown Trout and Atlantic Salmon look very similar

Smallmouth Bass may have vertical stripes on the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches to the center of the eye

Yellow Perch have a yellow body with dark vertical bands and orange lower fins

Kokanee Salmon are silver without spots until spawning season when they undergo significant changes and turn red Males often develop a large hooked jaw (kype) The Kokanee Salmon die after they spawn

Rainbow Trout have a light body with dark spots on the head and the tail There is usually a pink band along each side

Atlantic Salmon have a light body with dark spots The adipose fin is brown or dark brown The lower fins are brown with no color on the leading edge There may be spots on the head and tail Wild Atlantic Salmon recently entering freshwater typically are silver turning brown after being in freshwater for a while Small Atlantic Salmon will have a deeply-forked tail Atlantic Salmon are stocked as fry into many tributaries of the Connecticut River All Atlantic Salmon must be immediately released unless it is from one of the areas the Inland Fisheries Division stocks with surplus adult Atlantic Salmon

Trout

Salmon

Bass Perch amp Walleye

11

8

16

6

14

14

6

16

16

32

12

14

18

Adult

Male

Juvenile

Juvenile

Adult brown form

30

copy Joseph Tomelleri

Adult silver form

30

10 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Pumpkinseeds have turquoise markings on the face and have a red dot on the gill cover

Yellow Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are light colored Both the belly and chin are usually yellow

Bluegills do not have turquoise markings on the face and do not have a red spot on the gill cover

Redbreast sunfish have some turquoise markings on the face The gill cover has a long oval dark ldquoearrdquo The belly is usually a bright orange-red

Rock Bass have a very large red-colored eye The pattern on the side of the body resembles camou-flage print

Northern Pike have a dark colored body with light spots The entire cheek and only frac12 of the gill cover is covered in scales The mouth has large and sharp teeth

White Sucker has a streamlined body with a round mouth The body is usually dark brown on top and bronze color on the side

Chain Pickerel have a yellow colored body with a dark ldquochain-likerdquo pattern Both the cheek and gill cover are completely covered with scales Typically there is a dark vertical band below the eye The mouth has large and sharp teeth

Common Carp can be a very large fish (up to 40 pounds) and have large scales Carp have a small whisker on each side of the mouth

Calico Bass (crappie) have a distinct curved profile from the head to the dorsal fin The body is very thin when viewed looking from head on The body is silvery or brass colored with dark spots

For questions about fish or fishing in Connecticut please contact the Inland Fisheries Division at 860-424-Fish or email deepinlandfisheriesctgov or visit our web page at wwwctgovdeepfishing

This guide is intended to provide some general descriptive information and a photo typical of each species featured These represent fish that are most often caught in freshwaters of CT The approximate size of the pictured fish is listed For more detailed information please refer to the ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert P Jacobs and Eileen B OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP store wwwctgovDEEPStore

Sunfish amp Bass Bullhead amp Catfish

Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

Channel Catfish have a forked tail (pointed tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and dark chin whiskers Compared to the white catfish the channel catfish has a narrow head

White Catfish have a forked tail (rounded tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and light chin whiskers Compared to the channel catfish the white catfish has a broad head The eyes may have a light blue band around the iris

6

8

18

36 16

26 30

8

16

8

6

10

14

Brown Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are dark colored Both the belly and chin are light colored and usually white

All photographs by Robert P Jacobs CT DEEP IFD

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 11

To rig an earthworm gently thread the worm onto the hook starting near the head (the end of the worm closest to the thick band) and gently sliding the hook through the body Leave some of the tail end of the worm to wiggle free of the hook

BAITS AND LURESNatural Baits Connecticutrsquos fishing regulation defines bait as any animal or vegetable or their parts living or dead used with a hook for the purpose of attracting and catching a fish

Selecting the type of bait is one of the most important decisions an angler makes This decision depends upon the type of fish you are trying to catch When selecting your bait it is important to understand how the fish finds its food and what it prefers to eat Bait can be live such as worms crickets or minnows or things such as cut pieces of fish chicken livers and corn or dough balls Worms are the most common bait and can be used to catch just about any species of fish The CARE program recommends worms as the bait of choice for beginning anglers Your local bait and tackle shop has a wide selection of worms mealworms minnows and specialty baits to help you have a successful fishing trip A list of bait and tackle shops is found in the CT anglerrsquos guide and on our web site (wwwctgovDEEPfishing) Finding your own bait is another option Digging worms picking night crawlers or catching minnows with a seine net or minnow trap are viable options

Smallmouth bass

Baiting Your Hook

To rig a mealworm (which is ac-tually a beetle larva) gently thread the larva onto the hook starting with the head and gently sliding the hook through the body

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg Mealworm

When using live minnows as bait either insert the point of the hook just before or un-der the dorsal fins or gently through both lips

Minnows

Earthworm

The great night crawler hunt Gathering your own earth-worms is a fun activity for the whole family Earthworms (the large ones are commonly called night crawlers) often surface onto moist grassy surfaces during the spring and summer Using a flashlight slowly scan the ground for a night crawler stretched out from its hole Once you spot one quickly grab the worm near as close to the hole as possible apply gentle but firm pressure until you successful-ly pull the worm from the hole Place your collected worms into a container with some soil Keep the worms in a cool location until you are ready to use them

12 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

PumpkinseedFISHING TACKLE

Buzzbaits are similar to spinner baits They are used primarily for bass fishing as a topwater lure A buzz bait has a propeller like blade that creates a surface disturbance as it is pulled across the water The disturbance on the suface draws the fishrsquos attention just like a crankbait

BAITS AND LURES

PlugsCrankbaits have the shape and action of a baitfish or other aquatic food Some plugs are made to stay on top of the water some designed to swim just below the surface and some dive deep The depth they travel will depend upon the size of the bill or lip on the front of the lure The larger the bill or lip the deeper the lure will swim when pulled through the water Topwater crankbaits usually have a cup at the front to create more splashing and action in the water which draws the fishrsquos attention Crankbaits are usually made of plastic and sometimes contain small metal beads inside to create a vibration felt by the fish as it is pulled through the water Lures are designed to stimulate interest by the fish ultimately getting them to strike Plugs and crankbaits usually have at least 1 and up to 3 treble hooks

Spinnerbait with a skirt and two blades Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

A topwater buzzbait Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

Artificial Lures The choice of lures is almost unlimited The size color combinations and types are difficult choices the angler has to make when choosing which lure to use The purpose of a lure is to trick the fish into striking something that it thinks is good to eat An advantage of lures over bait is that lures can last many years

The selection of artifical lures is enormous Picking the right size type color and action (how the lure moves) can help increase your fishing success

Crankbait with lip Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

SpinnersSpinnerbaits are metal lures that have spinning blades that rotate through the water This metal blade imitates another fish swimming through the water Spinner-baits primarily used for bass fishing have a weighted head with a skirt to hide the hook

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 13

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

FISHING TACKLEGOING FISHINGWhere Fish Live in Lakes Rivers and Streams

Before you can catch fish you have to find where they live There are places in lakes rivers and streams where fish prefer to live The areas where fish find conditions suitable to their needs ndash food cover and enough oxygen in the water ndash is called habitat Fish often live where they are protected from natural enemies such as bigger fish birds and some mammals

Lakes

Streams

Hole -fish hang out in deep water to hide from their predators

Drop Off -the edge of a hole is called a drop off Fish often hang around the drop off

Hump -an uprising on the bottom fish swim up and down the sides of a hump in search of food

Riffles - shallow areas usually with rocks or gravel and the water flows swiftly

Pools - wide and deep areas where fish like to feed

Run - deeper slower water

Fish wait in deep waters but come up in to the shallower water to feed Usually fish will stay close to cover along weed beds under downed trees docks or lily pads Cover not only helps protect fish from predators it also gives them a hiding place to ambush their own prey

Upstream Downstream

Eddy - rocks logs or a finger of land which deflects the current

In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight In streams and rivers fish seek out places where they donrsquot have to fight the current

8 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Connecticut has over 50 common species of freshwater fish of these just over half are usually sought after by anglers Rules and regulations differ depending upon the species of fish and the waterbody You must be able to quickly identify the type of fish you have caught to deter-mine if you can keep or need to release the fish In general when viewed from the side fish can be divided into those with streamlined bodies (longer than it is tall) and those with more rounded bodies (almost as tall as long) Examples of fish with streamlined body forms are trout bass pike perch walleye and catfish Examples of fish with a rounded body shape are sunfish rock bass and crappie Being familiar with the basic parts of a fish will help you to understand the many differences between our different species of fish

ISBN 978-0-942085-15-0

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

Connecticut Department ofEnvironmental Protection

Bureau of Natural ResourcesInland Fisheries Division

wwwctgovdep

Freshwater Fishes of Connecticut

$1995

A hint to the identity of the fish can be the type of water you are fishing The majority of freshwater fish prefer to live either in flowing waters (brooks streams and rivers) still waters (ponds and lakes) or can be commonly found in both The Inland Fisheries Division stocks many waters with fish so reviewing the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide to see the list of species likely caught in the waters listed is good practice

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Rainbow Trout

Need information on a particular type of fish Go to wwwTakemefishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg the official web page of the Recreational Boating and Fishing Foundation These pages contain excellent resources about fish and fishing Visit the ldquofish-o-pediardquo section to get the fish habits fishing tactics and general information about many of the recreational fish you can catch in Connecticut

Caudal fin

For information specific to Connecticutrsquos freshwater fish get ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert Jacobs and Eileen OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP bookstore wwwctgovDEEPstore

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 9

FISH IDENTIFICATION Rainbow Trout

Not sure about your catch Subtle differences between fish include the shape of the body-long vs round whiskers shape of the mouth and if there is a small fleshy lobe-like fin on the back near the tail Determine which of these traits match your fish then look to the photos and specific details to make a positive identification If you would like a professional opinion email a clear photo of the entire fish to deepinlandfisheriesctgov

The approximate size of the fish pictured is provided

Brook Trout have a dark body with light spots and a worm-like pattern on back head and sides The lower fins are typically red-orange with a white leading edge Stocked Brook Trout are typically less colorful than wild Brook Trout

Largemouth Bass have a dark stripe along the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches past the eye

White Perch have a silver body and lack any spots or bands

Tiger Trout (hybrid) have worm-like markings covering the entire body They usually do not have spots Tiger Trout are a sterile cross between a male Brook Trout and a female Brown Trout

Striped Bass have a light body somewhat silver in color with a series of horizontal black bands along the side

Walleye generally have a greenish or brownish back fading to a white belly They may have irregular dark green blotches on the body They have very large and sharp teeth

Brown Trout have a light body with dark spots The lower fins are typically brown tan or nearly colorless and may have a white leading edge Wild Brown Trout may have bright red and orange spots and an orange adipose fin The tail is more rounded than forked Brown Trout and Atlantic Salmon look very similar

Smallmouth Bass may have vertical stripes on the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches to the center of the eye

Yellow Perch have a yellow body with dark vertical bands and orange lower fins

Kokanee Salmon are silver without spots until spawning season when they undergo significant changes and turn red Males often develop a large hooked jaw (kype) The Kokanee Salmon die after they spawn

Rainbow Trout have a light body with dark spots on the head and the tail There is usually a pink band along each side

Atlantic Salmon have a light body with dark spots The adipose fin is brown or dark brown The lower fins are brown with no color on the leading edge There may be spots on the head and tail Wild Atlantic Salmon recently entering freshwater typically are silver turning brown after being in freshwater for a while Small Atlantic Salmon will have a deeply-forked tail Atlantic Salmon are stocked as fry into many tributaries of the Connecticut River All Atlantic Salmon must be immediately released unless it is from one of the areas the Inland Fisheries Division stocks with surplus adult Atlantic Salmon

Trout

Salmon

Bass Perch amp Walleye

11

8

16

6

14

14

6

16

16

32

12

14

18

Adult

Male

Juvenile

Juvenile

Adult brown form

30

copy Joseph Tomelleri

Adult silver form

30

10 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Pumpkinseeds have turquoise markings on the face and have a red dot on the gill cover

Yellow Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are light colored Both the belly and chin are usually yellow

Bluegills do not have turquoise markings on the face and do not have a red spot on the gill cover

Redbreast sunfish have some turquoise markings on the face The gill cover has a long oval dark ldquoearrdquo The belly is usually a bright orange-red

Rock Bass have a very large red-colored eye The pattern on the side of the body resembles camou-flage print

Northern Pike have a dark colored body with light spots The entire cheek and only frac12 of the gill cover is covered in scales The mouth has large and sharp teeth

White Sucker has a streamlined body with a round mouth The body is usually dark brown on top and bronze color on the side

Chain Pickerel have a yellow colored body with a dark ldquochain-likerdquo pattern Both the cheek and gill cover are completely covered with scales Typically there is a dark vertical band below the eye The mouth has large and sharp teeth

Common Carp can be a very large fish (up to 40 pounds) and have large scales Carp have a small whisker on each side of the mouth

Calico Bass (crappie) have a distinct curved profile from the head to the dorsal fin The body is very thin when viewed looking from head on The body is silvery or brass colored with dark spots

For questions about fish or fishing in Connecticut please contact the Inland Fisheries Division at 860-424-Fish or email deepinlandfisheriesctgov or visit our web page at wwwctgovdeepfishing

This guide is intended to provide some general descriptive information and a photo typical of each species featured These represent fish that are most often caught in freshwaters of CT The approximate size of the pictured fish is listed For more detailed information please refer to the ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert P Jacobs and Eileen B OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP store wwwctgovDEEPStore

Sunfish amp Bass Bullhead amp Catfish

Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

Channel Catfish have a forked tail (pointed tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and dark chin whiskers Compared to the white catfish the channel catfish has a narrow head

White Catfish have a forked tail (rounded tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and light chin whiskers Compared to the channel catfish the white catfish has a broad head The eyes may have a light blue band around the iris

6

8

18

36 16

26 30

8

16

8

6

10

14

Brown Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are dark colored Both the belly and chin are light colored and usually white

All photographs by Robert P Jacobs CT DEEP IFD

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 11

To rig an earthworm gently thread the worm onto the hook starting near the head (the end of the worm closest to the thick band) and gently sliding the hook through the body Leave some of the tail end of the worm to wiggle free of the hook

BAITS AND LURESNatural Baits Connecticutrsquos fishing regulation defines bait as any animal or vegetable or their parts living or dead used with a hook for the purpose of attracting and catching a fish

Selecting the type of bait is one of the most important decisions an angler makes This decision depends upon the type of fish you are trying to catch When selecting your bait it is important to understand how the fish finds its food and what it prefers to eat Bait can be live such as worms crickets or minnows or things such as cut pieces of fish chicken livers and corn or dough balls Worms are the most common bait and can be used to catch just about any species of fish The CARE program recommends worms as the bait of choice for beginning anglers Your local bait and tackle shop has a wide selection of worms mealworms minnows and specialty baits to help you have a successful fishing trip A list of bait and tackle shops is found in the CT anglerrsquos guide and on our web site (wwwctgovDEEPfishing) Finding your own bait is another option Digging worms picking night crawlers or catching minnows with a seine net or minnow trap are viable options

Smallmouth bass

Baiting Your Hook

To rig a mealworm (which is ac-tually a beetle larva) gently thread the larva onto the hook starting with the head and gently sliding the hook through the body

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg Mealworm

When using live minnows as bait either insert the point of the hook just before or un-der the dorsal fins or gently through both lips

Minnows

Earthworm

The great night crawler hunt Gathering your own earth-worms is a fun activity for the whole family Earthworms (the large ones are commonly called night crawlers) often surface onto moist grassy surfaces during the spring and summer Using a flashlight slowly scan the ground for a night crawler stretched out from its hole Once you spot one quickly grab the worm near as close to the hole as possible apply gentle but firm pressure until you successful-ly pull the worm from the hole Place your collected worms into a container with some soil Keep the worms in a cool location until you are ready to use them

12 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

PumpkinseedFISHING TACKLE

Buzzbaits are similar to spinner baits They are used primarily for bass fishing as a topwater lure A buzz bait has a propeller like blade that creates a surface disturbance as it is pulled across the water The disturbance on the suface draws the fishrsquos attention just like a crankbait

BAITS AND LURES

PlugsCrankbaits have the shape and action of a baitfish or other aquatic food Some plugs are made to stay on top of the water some designed to swim just below the surface and some dive deep The depth they travel will depend upon the size of the bill or lip on the front of the lure The larger the bill or lip the deeper the lure will swim when pulled through the water Topwater crankbaits usually have a cup at the front to create more splashing and action in the water which draws the fishrsquos attention Crankbaits are usually made of plastic and sometimes contain small metal beads inside to create a vibration felt by the fish as it is pulled through the water Lures are designed to stimulate interest by the fish ultimately getting them to strike Plugs and crankbaits usually have at least 1 and up to 3 treble hooks

Spinnerbait with a skirt and two blades Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

A topwater buzzbait Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

Artificial Lures The choice of lures is almost unlimited The size color combinations and types are difficult choices the angler has to make when choosing which lure to use The purpose of a lure is to trick the fish into striking something that it thinks is good to eat An advantage of lures over bait is that lures can last many years

The selection of artifical lures is enormous Picking the right size type color and action (how the lure moves) can help increase your fishing success

Crankbait with lip Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

SpinnersSpinnerbaits are metal lures that have spinning blades that rotate through the water This metal blade imitates another fish swimming through the water Spinner-baits primarily used for bass fishing have a weighted head with a skirt to hide the hook

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 13

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

Connecticut has over 50 common species of freshwater fish of these just over half are usually sought after by anglers Rules and regulations differ depending upon the species of fish and the waterbody You must be able to quickly identify the type of fish you have caught to deter-mine if you can keep or need to release the fish In general when viewed from the side fish can be divided into those with streamlined bodies (longer than it is tall) and those with more rounded bodies (almost as tall as long) Examples of fish with streamlined body forms are trout bass pike perch walleye and catfish Examples of fish with a rounded body shape are sunfish rock bass and crappie Being familiar with the basic parts of a fish will help you to understand the many differences between our different species of fish

ISBN 978-0-942085-15-0

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

Connecticut Department of Environmental ProtectionBulletin 42

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

A Pictorial Guide to

Freshwater Fishesof Connecticut

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

Robert P JacobsEileen B OrsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

A Pictorial Guide to Freshw

ater Fishes of Connecticut Jacobs amp O

rsquoDonnell

Connecticut Department ofEnvironmental Protection

Bureau of Natural ResourcesInland Fisheries Division

wwwctgovdep

Freshwater Fishes of Connecticut

$1995

A hint to the identity of the fish can be the type of water you are fishing The majority of freshwater fish prefer to live either in flowing waters (brooks streams and rivers) still waters (ponds and lakes) or can be commonly found in both The Inland Fisheries Division stocks many waters with fish so reviewing the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide to see the list of species likely caught in the waters listed is good practice

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Rainbow Trout

Need information on a particular type of fish Go to wwwTakemefishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg the official web page of the Recreational Boating and Fishing Foundation These pages contain excellent resources about fish and fishing Visit the ldquofish-o-pediardquo section to get the fish habits fishing tactics and general information about many of the recreational fish you can catch in Connecticut

Caudal fin

For information specific to Connecticutrsquos freshwater fish get ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert Jacobs and Eileen OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP bookstore wwwctgovDEEPstore

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 9

FISH IDENTIFICATION Rainbow Trout

Not sure about your catch Subtle differences between fish include the shape of the body-long vs round whiskers shape of the mouth and if there is a small fleshy lobe-like fin on the back near the tail Determine which of these traits match your fish then look to the photos and specific details to make a positive identification If you would like a professional opinion email a clear photo of the entire fish to deepinlandfisheriesctgov

The approximate size of the fish pictured is provided

Brook Trout have a dark body with light spots and a worm-like pattern on back head and sides The lower fins are typically red-orange with a white leading edge Stocked Brook Trout are typically less colorful than wild Brook Trout

Largemouth Bass have a dark stripe along the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches past the eye

White Perch have a silver body and lack any spots or bands

Tiger Trout (hybrid) have worm-like markings covering the entire body They usually do not have spots Tiger Trout are a sterile cross between a male Brook Trout and a female Brown Trout

Striped Bass have a light body somewhat silver in color with a series of horizontal black bands along the side

Walleye generally have a greenish or brownish back fading to a white belly They may have irregular dark green blotches on the body They have very large and sharp teeth

Brown Trout have a light body with dark spots The lower fins are typically brown tan or nearly colorless and may have a white leading edge Wild Brown Trout may have bright red and orange spots and an orange adipose fin The tail is more rounded than forked Brown Trout and Atlantic Salmon look very similar

Smallmouth Bass may have vertical stripes on the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches to the center of the eye

Yellow Perch have a yellow body with dark vertical bands and orange lower fins

Kokanee Salmon are silver without spots until spawning season when they undergo significant changes and turn red Males often develop a large hooked jaw (kype) The Kokanee Salmon die after they spawn

Rainbow Trout have a light body with dark spots on the head and the tail There is usually a pink band along each side

Atlantic Salmon have a light body with dark spots The adipose fin is brown or dark brown The lower fins are brown with no color on the leading edge There may be spots on the head and tail Wild Atlantic Salmon recently entering freshwater typically are silver turning brown after being in freshwater for a while Small Atlantic Salmon will have a deeply-forked tail Atlantic Salmon are stocked as fry into many tributaries of the Connecticut River All Atlantic Salmon must be immediately released unless it is from one of the areas the Inland Fisheries Division stocks with surplus adult Atlantic Salmon

Trout

Salmon

Bass Perch amp Walleye

11

8

16

6

14

14

6

16

16

32

12

14

18

Adult

Male

Juvenile

Juvenile

Adult brown form

30

copy Joseph Tomelleri

Adult silver form

30

10 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Pumpkinseeds have turquoise markings on the face and have a red dot on the gill cover

Yellow Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are light colored Both the belly and chin are usually yellow

Bluegills do not have turquoise markings on the face and do not have a red spot on the gill cover

Redbreast sunfish have some turquoise markings on the face The gill cover has a long oval dark ldquoearrdquo The belly is usually a bright orange-red

Rock Bass have a very large red-colored eye The pattern on the side of the body resembles camou-flage print

Northern Pike have a dark colored body with light spots The entire cheek and only frac12 of the gill cover is covered in scales The mouth has large and sharp teeth

White Sucker has a streamlined body with a round mouth The body is usually dark brown on top and bronze color on the side

Chain Pickerel have a yellow colored body with a dark ldquochain-likerdquo pattern Both the cheek and gill cover are completely covered with scales Typically there is a dark vertical band below the eye The mouth has large and sharp teeth

Common Carp can be a very large fish (up to 40 pounds) and have large scales Carp have a small whisker on each side of the mouth

Calico Bass (crappie) have a distinct curved profile from the head to the dorsal fin The body is very thin when viewed looking from head on The body is silvery or brass colored with dark spots

For questions about fish or fishing in Connecticut please contact the Inland Fisheries Division at 860-424-Fish or email deepinlandfisheriesctgov or visit our web page at wwwctgovdeepfishing

This guide is intended to provide some general descriptive information and a photo typical of each species featured These represent fish that are most often caught in freshwaters of CT The approximate size of the pictured fish is listed For more detailed information please refer to the ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert P Jacobs and Eileen B OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP store wwwctgovDEEPStore

Sunfish amp Bass Bullhead amp Catfish

Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

Channel Catfish have a forked tail (pointed tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and dark chin whiskers Compared to the white catfish the channel catfish has a narrow head

White Catfish have a forked tail (rounded tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and light chin whiskers Compared to the channel catfish the white catfish has a broad head The eyes may have a light blue band around the iris

6

8

18

36 16

26 30

8

16

8

6

10

14

Brown Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are dark colored Both the belly and chin are light colored and usually white

All photographs by Robert P Jacobs CT DEEP IFD

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 11

To rig an earthworm gently thread the worm onto the hook starting near the head (the end of the worm closest to the thick band) and gently sliding the hook through the body Leave some of the tail end of the worm to wiggle free of the hook

BAITS AND LURESNatural Baits Connecticutrsquos fishing regulation defines bait as any animal or vegetable or their parts living or dead used with a hook for the purpose of attracting and catching a fish

Selecting the type of bait is one of the most important decisions an angler makes This decision depends upon the type of fish you are trying to catch When selecting your bait it is important to understand how the fish finds its food and what it prefers to eat Bait can be live such as worms crickets or minnows or things such as cut pieces of fish chicken livers and corn or dough balls Worms are the most common bait and can be used to catch just about any species of fish The CARE program recommends worms as the bait of choice for beginning anglers Your local bait and tackle shop has a wide selection of worms mealworms minnows and specialty baits to help you have a successful fishing trip A list of bait and tackle shops is found in the CT anglerrsquos guide and on our web site (wwwctgovDEEPfishing) Finding your own bait is another option Digging worms picking night crawlers or catching minnows with a seine net or minnow trap are viable options

Smallmouth bass

Baiting Your Hook

To rig a mealworm (which is ac-tually a beetle larva) gently thread the larva onto the hook starting with the head and gently sliding the hook through the body

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg Mealworm

When using live minnows as bait either insert the point of the hook just before or un-der the dorsal fins or gently through both lips

Minnows

Earthworm

The great night crawler hunt Gathering your own earth-worms is a fun activity for the whole family Earthworms (the large ones are commonly called night crawlers) often surface onto moist grassy surfaces during the spring and summer Using a flashlight slowly scan the ground for a night crawler stretched out from its hole Once you spot one quickly grab the worm near as close to the hole as possible apply gentle but firm pressure until you successful-ly pull the worm from the hole Place your collected worms into a container with some soil Keep the worms in a cool location until you are ready to use them

12 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

PumpkinseedFISHING TACKLE

Buzzbaits are similar to spinner baits They are used primarily for bass fishing as a topwater lure A buzz bait has a propeller like blade that creates a surface disturbance as it is pulled across the water The disturbance on the suface draws the fishrsquos attention just like a crankbait

BAITS AND LURES

PlugsCrankbaits have the shape and action of a baitfish or other aquatic food Some plugs are made to stay on top of the water some designed to swim just below the surface and some dive deep The depth they travel will depend upon the size of the bill or lip on the front of the lure The larger the bill or lip the deeper the lure will swim when pulled through the water Topwater crankbaits usually have a cup at the front to create more splashing and action in the water which draws the fishrsquos attention Crankbaits are usually made of plastic and sometimes contain small metal beads inside to create a vibration felt by the fish as it is pulled through the water Lures are designed to stimulate interest by the fish ultimately getting them to strike Plugs and crankbaits usually have at least 1 and up to 3 treble hooks

Spinnerbait with a skirt and two blades Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

A topwater buzzbait Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

Artificial Lures The choice of lures is almost unlimited The size color combinations and types are difficult choices the angler has to make when choosing which lure to use The purpose of a lure is to trick the fish into striking something that it thinks is good to eat An advantage of lures over bait is that lures can last many years

The selection of artifical lures is enormous Picking the right size type color and action (how the lure moves) can help increase your fishing success

Crankbait with lip Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

SpinnersSpinnerbaits are metal lures that have spinning blades that rotate through the water This metal blade imitates another fish swimming through the water Spinner-baits primarily used for bass fishing have a weighted head with a skirt to hide the hook

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 13

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

FISH IDENTIFICATION Rainbow Trout

Not sure about your catch Subtle differences between fish include the shape of the body-long vs round whiskers shape of the mouth and if there is a small fleshy lobe-like fin on the back near the tail Determine which of these traits match your fish then look to the photos and specific details to make a positive identification If you would like a professional opinion email a clear photo of the entire fish to deepinlandfisheriesctgov

The approximate size of the fish pictured is provided

Brook Trout have a dark body with light spots and a worm-like pattern on back head and sides The lower fins are typically red-orange with a white leading edge Stocked Brook Trout are typically less colorful than wild Brook Trout

Largemouth Bass have a dark stripe along the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches past the eye

White Perch have a silver body and lack any spots or bands

Tiger Trout (hybrid) have worm-like markings covering the entire body They usually do not have spots Tiger Trout are a sterile cross between a male Brook Trout and a female Brown Trout

Striped Bass have a light body somewhat silver in color with a series of horizontal black bands along the side

Walleye generally have a greenish or brownish back fading to a white belly They may have irregular dark green blotches on the body They have very large and sharp teeth

Brown Trout have a light body with dark spots The lower fins are typically brown tan or nearly colorless and may have a white leading edge Wild Brown Trout may have bright red and orange spots and an orange adipose fin The tail is more rounded than forked Brown Trout and Atlantic Salmon look very similar

Smallmouth Bass may have vertical stripes on the side of the body The end of the jaw typically reaches to the center of the eye

Yellow Perch have a yellow body with dark vertical bands and orange lower fins

Kokanee Salmon are silver without spots until spawning season when they undergo significant changes and turn red Males often develop a large hooked jaw (kype) The Kokanee Salmon die after they spawn

Rainbow Trout have a light body with dark spots on the head and the tail There is usually a pink band along each side

Atlantic Salmon have a light body with dark spots The adipose fin is brown or dark brown The lower fins are brown with no color on the leading edge There may be spots on the head and tail Wild Atlantic Salmon recently entering freshwater typically are silver turning brown after being in freshwater for a while Small Atlantic Salmon will have a deeply-forked tail Atlantic Salmon are stocked as fry into many tributaries of the Connecticut River All Atlantic Salmon must be immediately released unless it is from one of the areas the Inland Fisheries Division stocks with surplus adult Atlantic Salmon

Trout

Salmon

Bass Perch amp Walleye

11

8

16

6

14

14

6

16

16

32

12

14

18

Adult

Male

Juvenile

Juvenile

Adult brown form

30

copy Joseph Tomelleri

Adult silver form

30

10 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Pumpkinseeds have turquoise markings on the face and have a red dot on the gill cover

Yellow Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are light colored Both the belly and chin are usually yellow

Bluegills do not have turquoise markings on the face and do not have a red spot on the gill cover

Redbreast sunfish have some turquoise markings on the face The gill cover has a long oval dark ldquoearrdquo The belly is usually a bright orange-red

Rock Bass have a very large red-colored eye The pattern on the side of the body resembles camou-flage print

Northern Pike have a dark colored body with light spots The entire cheek and only frac12 of the gill cover is covered in scales The mouth has large and sharp teeth

White Sucker has a streamlined body with a round mouth The body is usually dark brown on top and bronze color on the side

Chain Pickerel have a yellow colored body with a dark ldquochain-likerdquo pattern Both the cheek and gill cover are completely covered with scales Typically there is a dark vertical band below the eye The mouth has large and sharp teeth

Common Carp can be a very large fish (up to 40 pounds) and have large scales Carp have a small whisker on each side of the mouth

Calico Bass (crappie) have a distinct curved profile from the head to the dorsal fin The body is very thin when viewed looking from head on The body is silvery or brass colored with dark spots

For questions about fish or fishing in Connecticut please contact the Inland Fisheries Division at 860-424-Fish or email deepinlandfisheriesctgov or visit our web page at wwwctgovdeepfishing

This guide is intended to provide some general descriptive information and a photo typical of each species featured These represent fish that are most often caught in freshwaters of CT The approximate size of the pictured fish is listed For more detailed information please refer to the ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert P Jacobs and Eileen B OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP store wwwctgovDEEPStore

Sunfish amp Bass Bullhead amp Catfish

Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

Channel Catfish have a forked tail (pointed tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and dark chin whiskers Compared to the white catfish the channel catfish has a narrow head

White Catfish have a forked tail (rounded tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and light chin whiskers Compared to the channel catfish the white catfish has a broad head The eyes may have a light blue band around the iris

6

8

18

36 16

26 30

8

16

8

6

10

14

Brown Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are dark colored Both the belly and chin are light colored and usually white

All photographs by Robert P Jacobs CT DEEP IFD

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 11

To rig an earthworm gently thread the worm onto the hook starting near the head (the end of the worm closest to the thick band) and gently sliding the hook through the body Leave some of the tail end of the worm to wiggle free of the hook

BAITS AND LURESNatural Baits Connecticutrsquos fishing regulation defines bait as any animal or vegetable or their parts living or dead used with a hook for the purpose of attracting and catching a fish

Selecting the type of bait is one of the most important decisions an angler makes This decision depends upon the type of fish you are trying to catch When selecting your bait it is important to understand how the fish finds its food and what it prefers to eat Bait can be live such as worms crickets or minnows or things such as cut pieces of fish chicken livers and corn or dough balls Worms are the most common bait and can be used to catch just about any species of fish The CARE program recommends worms as the bait of choice for beginning anglers Your local bait and tackle shop has a wide selection of worms mealworms minnows and specialty baits to help you have a successful fishing trip A list of bait and tackle shops is found in the CT anglerrsquos guide and on our web site (wwwctgovDEEPfishing) Finding your own bait is another option Digging worms picking night crawlers or catching minnows with a seine net or minnow trap are viable options

Smallmouth bass

Baiting Your Hook

To rig a mealworm (which is ac-tually a beetle larva) gently thread the larva onto the hook starting with the head and gently sliding the hook through the body

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg Mealworm

When using live minnows as bait either insert the point of the hook just before or un-der the dorsal fins or gently through both lips

Minnows

Earthworm

The great night crawler hunt Gathering your own earth-worms is a fun activity for the whole family Earthworms (the large ones are commonly called night crawlers) often surface onto moist grassy surfaces during the spring and summer Using a flashlight slowly scan the ground for a night crawler stretched out from its hole Once you spot one quickly grab the worm near as close to the hole as possible apply gentle but firm pressure until you successful-ly pull the worm from the hole Place your collected worms into a container with some soil Keep the worms in a cool location until you are ready to use them

12 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

PumpkinseedFISHING TACKLE

Buzzbaits are similar to spinner baits They are used primarily for bass fishing as a topwater lure A buzz bait has a propeller like blade that creates a surface disturbance as it is pulled across the water The disturbance on the suface draws the fishrsquos attention just like a crankbait

BAITS AND LURES

PlugsCrankbaits have the shape and action of a baitfish or other aquatic food Some plugs are made to stay on top of the water some designed to swim just below the surface and some dive deep The depth they travel will depend upon the size of the bill or lip on the front of the lure The larger the bill or lip the deeper the lure will swim when pulled through the water Topwater crankbaits usually have a cup at the front to create more splashing and action in the water which draws the fishrsquos attention Crankbaits are usually made of plastic and sometimes contain small metal beads inside to create a vibration felt by the fish as it is pulled through the water Lures are designed to stimulate interest by the fish ultimately getting them to strike Plugs and crankbaits usually have at least 1 and up to 3 treble hooks

Spinnerbait with a skirt and two blades Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

A topwater buzzbait Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

Artificial Lures The choice of lures is almost unlimited The size color combinations and types are difficult choices the angler has to make when choosing which lure to use The purpose of a lure is to trick the fish into striking something that it thinks is good to eat An advantage of lures over bait is that lures can last many years

The selection of artifical lures is enormous Picking the right size type color and action (how the lure moves) can help increase your fishing success

Crankbait with lip Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

SpinnersSpinnerbaits are metal lures that have spinning blades that rotate through the water This metal blade imitates another fish swimming through the water Spinner-baits primarily used for bass fishing have a weighted head with a skirt to hide the hook

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 13

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

FISH IDENTIFICATION

Pumpkinseeds have turquoise markings on the face and have a red dot on the gill cover

Yellow Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are light colored Both the belly and chin are usually yellow

Bluegills do not have turquoise markings on the face and do not have a red spot on the gill cover

Redbreast sunfish have some turquoise markings on the face The gill cover has a long oval dark ldquoearrdquo The belly is usually a bright orange-red

Rock Bass have a very large red-colored eye The pattern on the side of the body resembles camou-flage print

Northern Pike have a dark colored body with light spots The entire cheek and only frac12 of the gill cover is covered in scales The mouth has large and sharp teeth

White Sucker has a streamlined body with a round mouth The body is usually dark brown on top and bronze color on the side

Chain Pickerel have a yellow colored body with a dark ldquochain-likerdquo pattern Both the cheek and gill cover are completely covered with scales Typically there is a dark vertical band below the eye The mouth has large and sharp teeth

Common Carp can be a very large fish (up to 40 pounds) and have large scales Carp have a small whisker on each side of the mouth

Calico Bass (crappie) have a distinct curved profile from the head to the dorsal fin The body is very thin when viewed looking from head on The body is silvery or brass colored with dark spots

For questions about fish or fishing in Connecticut please contact the Inland Fisheries Division at 860-424-Fish or email deepinlandfisheriesctgov or visit our web page at wwwctgovdeepfishing

This guide is intended to provide some general descriptive information and a photo typical of each species featured These represent fish that are most often caught in freshwaters of CT The approximate size of the pictured fish is listed For more detailed information please refer to the ldquoA Pictorial Guide to Freshwater Fishes of Connecticutrdquo by Robert P Jacobs and Eileen B OrsquoDonnell Available at the DEEP store wwwctgovDEEPStore

Sunfish amp Bass Bullhead amp Catfish

Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

Channel Catfish have a forked tail (pointed tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and dark chin whiskers Compared to the white catfish the channel catfish has a narrow head

White Catfish have a forked tail (rounded tips) very long whiskers on the side of the mouth and light chin whiskers Compared to the channel catfish the white catfish has a broad head The eyes may have a light blue band around the iris

6

8

18

36 16

26 30

8

16

8

6

10

14

Brown Bullhead have a rounded tail and the chin whiskers are dark colored Both the belly and chin are light colored and usually white

All photographs by Robert P Jacobs CT DEEP IFD

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 11

To rig an earthworm gently thread the worm onto the hook starting near the head (the end of the worm closest to the thick band) and gently sliding the hook through the body Leave some of the tail end of the worm to wiggle free of the hook

BAITS AND LURESNatural Baits Connecticutrsquos fishing regulation defines bait as any animal or vegetable or their parts living or dead used with a hook for the purpose of attracting and catching a fish

Selecting the type of bait is one of the most important decisions an angler makes This decision depends upon the type of fish you are trying to catch When selecting your bait it is important to understand how the fish finds its food and what it prefers to eat Bait can be live such as worms crickets or minnows or things such as cut pieces of fish chicken livers and corn or dough balls Worms are the most common bait and can be used to catch just about any species of fish The CARE program recommends worms as the bait of choice for beginning anglers Your local bait and tackle shop has a wide selection of worms mealworms minnows and specialty baits to help you have a successful fishing trip A list of bait and tackle shops is found in the CT anglerrsquos guide and on our web site (wwwctgovDEEPfishing) Finding your own bait is another option Digging worms picking night crawlers or catching minnows with a seine net or minnow trap are viable options

Smallmouth bass

Baiting Your Hook

To rig a mealworm (which is ac-tually a beetle larva) gently thread the larva onto the hook starting with the head and gently sliding the hook through the body

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg Mealworm

When using live minnows as bait either insert the point of the hook just before or un-der the dorsal fins or gently through both lips

Minnows

Earthworm

The great night crawler hunt Gathering your own earth-worms is a fun activity for the whole family Earthworms (the large ones are commonly called night crawlers) often surface onto moist grassy surfaces during the spring and summer Using a flashlight slowly scan the ground for a night crawler stretched out from its hole Once you spot one quickly grab the worm near as close to the hole as possible apply gentle but firm pressure until you successful-ly pull the worm from the hole Place your collected worms into a container with some soil Keep the worms in a cool location until you are ready to use them

12 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

PumpkinseedFISHING TACKLE

Buzzbaits are similar to spinner baits They are used primarily for bass fishing as a topwater lure A buzz bait has a propeller like blade that creates a surface disturbance as it is pulled across the water The disturbance on the suface draws the fishrsquos attention just like a crankbait

BAITS AND LURES

PlugsCrankbaits have the shape and action of a baitfish or other aquatic food Some plugs are made to stay on top of the water some designed to swim just below the surface and some dive deep The depth they travel will depend upon the size of the bill or lip on the front of the lure The larger the bill or lip the deeper the lure will swim when pulled through the water Topwater crankbaits usually have a cup at the front to create more splashing and action in the water which draws the fishrsquos attention Crankbaits are usually made of plastic and sometimes contain small metal beads inside to create a vibration felt by the fish as it is pulled through the water Lures are designed to stimulate interest by the fish ultimately getting them to strike Plugs and crankbaits usually have at least 1 and up to 3 treble hooks

Spinnerbait with a skirt and two blades Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

A topwater buzzbait Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

Artificial Lures The choice of lures is almost unlimited The size color combinations and types are difficult choices the angler has to make when choosing which lure to use The purpose of a lure is to trick the fish into striking something that it thinks is good to eat An advantage of lures over bait is that lures can last many years

The selection of artifical lures is enormous Picking the right size type color and action (how the lure moves) can help increase your fishing success

Crankbait with lip Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

SpinnersSpinnerbaits are metal lures that have spinning blades that rotate through the water This metal blade imitates another fish swimming through the water Spinner-baits primarily used for bass fishing have a weighted head with a skirt to hide the hook

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 13

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

To rig an earthworm gently thread the worm onto the hook starting near the head (the end of the worm closest to the thick band) and gently sliding the hook through the body Leave some of the tail end of the worm to wiggle free of the hook

BAITS AND LURESNatural Baits Connecticutrsquos fishing regulation defines bait as any animal or vegetable or their parts living or dead used with a hook for the purpose of attracting and catching a fish

Selecting the type of bait is one of the most important decisions an angler makes This decision depends upon the type of fish you are trying to catch When selecting your bait it is important to understand how the fish finds its food and what it prefers to eat Bait can be live such as worms crickets or minnows or things such as cut pieces of fish chicken livers and corn or dough balls Worms are the most common bait and can be used to catch just about any species of fish The CARE program recommends worms as the bait of choice for beginning anglers Your local bait and tackle shop has a wide selection of worms mealworms minnows and specialty baits to help you have a successful fishing trip A list of bait and tackle shops is found in the CT anglerrsquos guide and on our web site (wwwctgovDEEPfishing) Finding your own bait is another option Digging worms picking night crawlers or catching minnows with a seine net or minnow trap are viable options

Smallmouth bass

Baiting Your Hook

To rig a mealworm (which is ac-tually a beetle larva) gently thread the larva onto the hook starting with the head and gently sliding the hook through the body

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or wwwvamosapescarorg Mealworm

When using live minnows as bait either insert the point of the hook just before or un-der the dorsal fins or gently through both lips

Minnows

Earthworm

The great night crawler hunt Gathering your own earth-worms is a fun activity for the whole family Earthworms (the large ones are commonly called night crawlers) often surface onto moist grassy surfaces during the spring and summer Using a flashlight slowly scan the ground for a night crawler stretched out from its hole Once you spot one quickly grab the worm near as close to the hole as possible apply gentle but firm pressure until you successful-ly pull the worm from the hole Place your collected worms into a container with some soil Keep the worms in a cool location until you are ready to use them

12 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

PumpkinseedFISHING TACKLE

Buzzbaits are similar to spinner baits They are used primarily for bass fishing as a topwater lure A buzz bait has a propeller like blade that creates a surface disturbance as it is pulled across the water The disturbance on the suface draws the fishrsquos attention just like a crankbait

BAITS AND LURES

PlugsCrankbaits have the shape and action of a baitfish or other aquatic food Some plugs are made to stay on top of the water some designed to swim just below the surface and some dive deep The depth they travel will depend upon the size of the bill or lip on the front of the lure The larger the bill or lip the deeper the lure will swim when pulled through the water Topwater crankbaits usually have a cup at the front to create more splashing and action in the water which draws the fishrsquos attention Crankbaits are usually made of plastic and sometimes contain small metal beads inside to create a vibration felt by the fish as it is pulled through the water Lures are designed to stimulate interest by the fish ultimately getting them to strike Plugs and crankbaits usually have at least 1 and up to 3 treble hooks

Spinnerbait with a skirt and two blades Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

A topwater buzzbait Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

Artificial Lures The choice of lures is almost unlimited The size color combinations and types are difficult choices the angler has to make when choosing which lure to use The purpose of a lure is to trick the fish into striking something that it thinks is good to eat An advantage of lures over bait is that lures can last many years

The selection of artifical lures is enormous Picking the right size type color and action (how the lure moves) can help increase your fishing success

Crankbait with lip Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

SpinnersSpinnerbaits are metal lures that have spinning blades that rotate through the water This metal blade imitates another fish swimming through the water Spinner-baits primarily used for bass fishing have a weighted head with a skirt to hide the hook

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 13

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

PumpkinseedFISHING TACKLE

Buzzbaits are similar to spinner baits They are used primarily for bass fishing as a topwater lure A buzz bait has a propeller like blade that creates a surface disturbance as it is pulled across the water The disturbance on the suface draws the fishrsquos attention just like a crankbait

BAITS AND LURES

PlugsCrankbaits have the shape and action of a baitfish or other aquatic food Some plugs are made to stay on top of the water some designed to swim just below the surface and some dive deep The depth they travel will depend upon the size of the bill or lip on the front of the lure The larger the bill or lip the deeper the lure will swim when pulled through the water Topwater crankbaits usually have a cup at the front to create more splashing and action in the water which draws the fishrsquos attention Crankbaits are usually made of plastic and sometimes contain small metal beads inside to create a vibration felt by the fish as it is pulled through the water Lures are designed to stimulate interest by the fish ultimately getting them to strike Plugs and crankbaits usually have at least 1 and up to 3 treble hooks

Spinnerbait with a skirt and two blades Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

A topwater buzzbait Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

Artificial Lures The choice of lures is almost unlimited The size color combinations and types are difficult choices the angler has to make when choosing which lure to use The purpose of a lure is to trick the fish into striking something that it thinks is good to eat An advantage of lures over bait is that lures can last many years

The selection of artifical lures is enormous Picking the right size type color and action (how the lure moves) can help increase your fishing success

Crankbait with lip Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Chain Pickerel and Northern Pike

SpinnersSpinnerbaits are metal lures that have spinning blades that rotate through the water This metal blade imitates another fish swimming through the water Spinner-baits primarily used for bass fishing have a weighted head with a skirt to hide the hook

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 13

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

PumpkinseedBAITS AND LURES

Soft Plastics come in many sizes and shapes They are designed to imitate a natural food for the fish Plastics require a little more work on the anglerrsquos part since they do not have the action of other artificial lures More skill and finesse are required to properly imitate the natural food source mimicked by the lure

Jigs are very simple lures Jigs consist of a hook with a weighted head and a soft plastic skirt over the hook Similar to soft plastic lures jigs do not have built in action so they require some additional skill on the anglerrsquos part to work the lure

A small jig with a plastic tail Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Walleye Panfish and Trout

A large jig with a skirt Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

Assorted soft plastic baits Targeted species Largemouth Bass Smallmouth Bass Crappie and Panfish

Small red tackle box

Flies and poppers are small lures commonly made from feathers thread fur wool and hair They are associated with fly fishing where the angler is using these small lures to imitate some sort of insect or other prey Fly fishing requires a specialized reel line and rod as well as different casting skills Fly fishing is a great way to enjoy fishing but requires additional skill and much practice

Bee and grasshopper flies and poppers Targeted species Sunfish Trout Largemouth Bass and Smallmouth Bass

The Tackle Box The tackle box is every anglerrsquos best friend It holds all of your tackle and helps to organize the fishing gear an angler acquires Tackle boxes and tackle bags come in a va-riety of shapes sizes colors and functions For the beginner something small and simple is all that is needed

14 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

CARE OF THE CATCH

While many people enjoy fishing for sport many others catch fish to use as food As part of a healthy diet fish provide a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids and are low in fat and cholesterol Being able to clean and cook a fish that you have caught is great especially for those who enjoy the taste of fish If you plan on keeping your fish be prepared to keep the fish cool by having a cooler with ice available Allowing a fish to be exposed to warm tempera-tures will probably cause the fish to spoil

Filleting a Fish Filleting means removing the meat of the fish from the bones Larger fish like bass catfish and walleye are usu-ally filleted A filleted fish has its skin and all of its bones removed before cooking Fillet knives have a long thin flexible blade that is very sharp and specifically designed for filleting fish To work properly the knife must be really sharp If you have any slime on your hands or the fillet knife handle wash it off to prevent the knife from slipping and causing an accident Steps to fillet a fish

Removing the meat from the bones1 Place the fish on its side on a flat surface2 Cut the fish behind its gills and pectoral fin down to but not through the backbone 3 Turn the fish so that its back (dorsal fin) is facing you Make a long slice along the back of the fish from the cut you just made behind the head all the way to the tail 4 Repeat this slicing motion until you can lift the meat part way away from the back bone with your thumb5 Once you can lift the meat partially away continue to run the tip of the knife along the ribs of the fish until you lift the fillet most of the way off of the carcass 6 Push the blade of your fillet knife all the way through the body of the fish from the dorsal side through to the belly at the anal vent and pull the knife towards the tail to separate the fillet from the rest of the fish7 Flip the fish over and repeat steps 1-6 Removing the skin from the fillet 1 Put the fillet knife on the table with the skin side down Insert the knife blade about a half-inch from the tail gripping the skin firmly and put the blade between the meat and the skin at an angle 2 Using gentle pressure and a sawing motion cut against but not through the skin3 Remove the fillet from the skin4 Feel for and remove any small bones5 Rinse each fillet in cold water6 Pat dry with a paper towel The fillets are ready to cook or freeze

Yellow perch

Watch videos on cleaning filleting and cooking your catch

Go to ldquoFishopediardquo on the Recreational Boating and Fishing

Foundation web page at wwwTakeMeFishingorg or

wwwvamosapescarorg

Filleting a Bluegill Sunfish

Tip When learning how to fillet a fish you can also wear metal-mesh or rubber-mesh fish cleaning gloves to protect your hands from an accidental cut

Cary

n Fu

rbus

h

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 15

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

FISHING TACKLECARE OF THE CATCH

Step 3 Coat the fillet with bread crumbs

Step 4 Heat some cooking oil in a skillet Test heat by drop-ping a small piece of fish into the skillet If it sizzles the oil is hot enough to cook the fish

Step 5 Add your fish to the skillet cooking on each side for 3 or 4 minutes or until the coating is brown

Step 6 Enjoy your fish with fellow anglers or family and friends

Fish CookingCooking is the next-to-last step in finishing a great fishing trip Below is a simple recipe for cooking your fish fillet

Pan Frying FishPan frying is a popular way to cook a variety of fish and it is the quickest and easiest way to cook your catch at a camp-site at a picnic area or on the shoreline Here are the basic steps

Step 1 Coat the fish fillet with flour Feel free to add your favorite spices to the flour before coating

Step 2 Dredge the flour-covered fillet into a beaten egg

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

16 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

FISHING TACKLENow using a spincast rod and reel repeat the same motion

1 Hold the rod pointed out in front of you and be sure your feet and toes are pointed in the direction you wish to cast

2 Push and hold the button on the back of the reel slowly bring the rod over your shoulder (Notice how your elbow should remain pointed down and at your side)

CASTINGCasting Knowing how to properly cast is important There are many different ways to cast but the simplest and easiest to do is the overhand technique using a spincast reel The key thing to remember when casting is safety Remember you have a sharp hook swinging from the other end of the line Always make sure nobody is in the way to avoid hooking them and the potential for a serious injury Also be aware of objects like trees branches or shrubs that could be hooked and cause you to lose your gear Anyone who can drink a cup of water can cast Before casting practice the simple motion of drinking from a cup

Just like picking up a cup from a table your elbow should be at your side and bent at a 90-degree angle

Keep your elbow pointed down at your side then bring the cup to your mouth

Bluegill

Learning to CastDa

niel

Griffi

n

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 17

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

FISHING TACKLECASTING

3 Look behind you to see if the area is clear of people and or objects When you are sure the area behind you is clear bring the tip of the rod backwards to almost level

4 To cast Swing the rod forward while keeping your elbow down and release the button right after the rod tip passes vertical

Release ButtonArea

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

Dani

el G

riffin

18 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

FISHING TACKL

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionrsquos Bureau of Natural Resources is responsible for fisheries in the state Fisheries biologists determine when to stock sample and collect data on our fish populations in waters across the state These data are used to help manage the fisheries by creating rules and regulations that improve angling for everyone

Data collection methods

ElectrofishingSometimes referred to as electroshocking electrofishing is a quick and efficient way for biologists to collect a sample of fish This can be performed using a variety of gear types from an entire boat to an electrofisher carried like a backpack The voltage and amperage are controlled to ensure the fish being collected are not harmed Fish of all sizes are collected allowing the biologists to evaluate the fish commu-nity of the particular water being sampled

Nets Fisheries biologist commonly use nets when trying to catch fish The three most popular types of nets used are the trap net hoop net and gill net

Trap net This net is a rectangular shaped box having a fence or lead on the front The net is set perpendicular to the shoreline on a preferred 30-degree slope to a depth no greater than 20 feet Anchors are attached to both ends to hold it in place As a fish swims into the fence or lead it is

directed into a retangular box This trap is most often used in CT for catching large adult Northern Pike and Kokanee Salmon

Hoop Net Similar to the trap net but lacking a fence or lead the hoop net is a funnel-shaped trap Hoop nets are usually set in shallow water and a bait bag is inserted into com-partments to attract the fish The hoop net is most commonly used to catch catfish

Gill net This is a net made out of monofilament line (fishing line) Gill nets have varying size mesh depending upon the size of fish the biologists need to capture The net is set in the water with weights on the bottom and floats at the top When set properly it forms an invisible wall in the water As fish swim into the net (if they are of the right size) they become tangled Gill nets can be used to catch a variety of species

FISHERIESMANAGEMENTBrown Trout

Backpack electroshocking

Boat electroshocking

Hoop net

Fisheries biologist measuring length of captured fish

Trap netting kokanee or pike

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 19

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

Pumpkinseed

FISHERIESMANAGEMENT

Angler surveys Another way fisheries biologists can measure the quality of the angling in a particular body of water is to interview the anglers Fisheries staff develop a short list of questions to help determine how long the person has been fishing and the numbers sizes and species caughtAngler surveys provide a direct measure of the success of the fisheries management programs and angler attitudes towards fisheries management and regulations If you happen to be interviewed one day feel honored that you are helping to improve fishing for everyone

Careers related to fish and fisheries managementIf studying fish sparks your interest there are many types of career opportunities Each requires different levels of education and offer different experiences All will require a passion and desire to work with fish

Fisheries biologist ndash a person who uses fish population data to make decisions on how to conserve and protect fish while also enhancing recreational fishing Employment can be found within state or federal government or by private environmental consulting companies Major topics of study include biology ecology statistics and computers

Fish culturist- a person who raises fish Fish culture can be to support state and federal government stocking efforts be a business selling fish to people for bait or for stocking their waters or can be to grow fish for people to eat Employ-ment can be found within state or federal governments or at privately owned businesses

Law enforcement (environmental) - An Environmental Conservation (ENCON) police officer is a person whose job is to enforce the fish and game rules and regulations of the state ENCON police officers keep a look out for those who may be violating the laws making sure everyone has fair access to the natural resources of the state Employment can be found within state or federal government

Fishing Guide ndash a person who is very knowledgeable about the types of fish how and when they feed and where they are likely to be found in a particular area Fishing guides are hired by anglers who desire to catch a particular type of fish or may not be familiar with the fishing in an area Guides are usually privately employed

Fisheries biologists collect data about fish populations to help

manage fisheries

Good fisheries management leads to lots of fish for people to catch

Angler interviews are an important tool to evaluate fishing success

20 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

ICE FISHING

Watch the CARE basics of ice fishing video at wwwctgovDEEPCARE

Yellow Perch

Fishing in Connecticut is a year-round activity especially once our lakes and ponds freeze over with a safe thickness of ice Many anglers continue to fish all winter long by drill-ing holes through the ice Ice fishing is a great family activity and a perfect way to enjoy the out of doors during winter Ice fishing does have some special requirements to ensure a safe and successful trip

Ice Thickness Ice fishing is extremely safe and rewarding provided that before heading out onto the ice you are con-fident the ice is safe You can check with your local bait and tackle shops to find areas where safe ice thickness exists Check the thickness of the ice starting from shore and as you make your way out onto the ice

Clothing Dress warm Dress in layers avoiding cotton The outermost layer should be wind proof Waterproof insu-lated boots and thick wool socks will keep your feet warm and dry Mittens are warmer than gloves and be sure to wear sunglasses to dampen the sunrsquos glare off of the ice and snow Depending upon the conditions slip on traction devices like creepers can help you walk on the ice without slipping and falling

Safety Gear It is good practice to carry safety gear while ice fishing so that you can either help yourself or another angler should the need arise Basic safety gear includes hand spikes (pictured on right) a whistle throw line spiked footware and a cell phone

Ice Fishing Equipment Fishing on top of the water requires some specialized gear and gadgets We recommend starting simple and as your appetite for ice fishing grows you can increase your invest-ment and sophistication Making a hole An ice chisel or an auger (manual or powered) are used to make a hole through the ice A variety of different types exist find one that will match your needs Once the hole has been drilled a skimmer like a ladle with holes is used to scoop out the little chunks of ice and helps to keep the hole ice free

Power augurs quickly drill through the ice but nothing beats the workout of drilling your holes under your own power

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 21

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

Hooks lines and sinkers Two main types of gear used for ice fishing are Tip-Ups and Jigging Rods Tip ups are simply a spool of line with a flag The bait is set to the desired depth then the flag is set (like a mousetrap) To help find the depth of the water a ldquosounderrdquo a lead weight with a spring is a handy piece of equipment

Tip-ups can either lay flat on the ice (top) or have a pivoting base to support the flag Either type are sure to get you excited when the flag pops up

Jigging rods look like a mini spinning rod as they are about 2 feet in length The bait or jig is dropped to the desired depth and the angler bounces the rod tip up and down (jig-ging) to attract fish

ICE FISHINGBait Live bait such as insect larva (moussie and waxworms) and minnows are commonly used when ice fishing A vari-ety of specially designed artificial jigs are also available to diversify your ice fishing tackle box

So come winter when many of Connecticutrsquos lakes and ponds freeze solid seize the opportunity to enjoy winter and fishing at the same time With some simple gear and appropriate clothing you can begin to see why so many anglers claim ldquonothing beats fishing on the waterrdquo

Kier

ran

Broa

tch

22 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

Pumpkinseed

These sites offer good shore based summer flounder andor scup fishing opportunities in at least 18 different communi-ties distributed from Stonington to Westport At these sites summer flounder may be taken at 16 inches (compared to 18 inches otherwise) and scup may be taken at 9 inches (versus 105 inches)

Connecticut is fortunate to have excellent access to both freshwater fish species as well as saltwater species found in the Long Island Sound and our major tidal rivers Salt-water fishing usually involves similar reels rod and tackle but at a larger size as many of the saltwater fish are much

SALTWATER FISHINGStriped Bass

bigger and stronger than the typical trout bass or sunfish Most saltwater fishing tends to occur from a boat however CT has a network of shoreline points that are open to the public For a complete listing see the CT Anglerrsquos Guide or visit our web page wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfishing

HOW TO CATCH FISHContact your local bait and tackle shop for updated fishing information See page ltgt for a list of bait and tackle shops or go

to wwwctgovdeepbaitandtackle

STRIPED BASS

Habitatbull Large rivers in Spring and Fallbull Estuaries and bays in Summer

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with live baitbull Jigging and trollingbull Bottom fi shing with baitbull Casting to fi sh

Baits amp Luresbull Live bait menhaden eels shad

and sand wormsbull All types of swimming lures

plastic and rubber baits

BLACK SEA BASS

Habitatbull Estuaries and Soundbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structure reefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Fishing with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Sand worms conch shrimp

mummichogs silversides musselsclams and baited jigs or jigs with plasticrubber bodies or trailer

FLUKE

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Lower sections of riversbull Hard bottom and channels

preferred

Fishing Methodbull Drift ing with baitbull Jigging up and downbull Casting and slowly moving jig

with bait

Baits amp Luresbull Livedead bait (bunker mum-

michogs shiners amp silver-sides) cut squid strips baited jigs and plastic baits

SCUP

Habitatbull Estuaries and baysbull Rock pilesreefsbull Oyster and mussel bedsbull Pilings and jetties

Fishing Methodbull Anchored over structurereefsbull Bottom fi shingbull Live or dead bait

Baits amp Luresbull Squid or conch strips

sand worms shrimp and musselsclams

Looking for a place to sh launch a boat a bait and tackle shop or a partycharter vessel to go shing on Check out the Saltwater Fishing Resource Map at wwwctgovdeepsaltwaterfi shingresourcemap

STRIPED BASS BLACK FISH (Tautog) FLUKE (Summer Flounder) SCUP (Porgy)

Jim M

urta

gh

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 23

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

6 Responsible anglers know all of the rules and regulations associated with fishing You plan on taking a friend bass fishing but canrsquot remember how many fish you are allowed to keep Based on Connecticutrsquos rules and regulations found in the Connecticut Anglerrsquos Guide how many bass can you keep per day ________ Is there a minimum size_________ If yes what is it _________

7 Name the types of methods used by fisheries biologist to capture fish

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

8 This manual describes how to tie the improved clinch knot Visit wwwanimatedknotscomand find 3 other commonly used fishing knots and write the names below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

1 What is the name of the agency responsible for conserving and enhancing Connecticutrsquos fisheries

2 Identify each type of reel pictured below

A_____________

B_____________

C_____________

D_____________

3 What do you add to your line to allow it to cast further

4 Which baits or lures could be used to catch Largemouth Bass Circle one or more

5 Who is responsible for an anglerrsquos behavior and actions

ACTIVITY GUIDE

C D

BA

A

B

C

24 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

15 Name the 3 species of trout or charr commonly stocked by CT DEEP

16 What is the state fish of Connecticut

17 Which fish is most often found in fast moving streams and rivers

18 What is one thing you learned from the CARE fishing class that you did not know about fish or fishing before

19 What is the address for CT DEEPrsquos fishing web site

20 When is the opening day for trout season

a Thanksgiving

b 4th of July

c 2nd Saturday of April

d Memorial Day

e All of the above

9 What is the sequence for a successful and safe cast

a Cast

b Look behind you

c Press and hold the button

d Pick up your rod

1_____ 2_____ 3______ 4______

10 What piece of tackle is used to help sus-pend your bait in the water

a Hook

b Reel

c BobberFloat

d Bait

11 What is the closest body of water to your home that is listed in the CT Anglerrsquos guide

12 The whiskers (barbels) on the catfish are used for what

13 Which sunfish species is identified by a red spot on the gill cover

14 True or False You are allowed to keep 5 trout when fishing at a CT trout park

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 25

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

26 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

ACTIVITY GUIDE

1 When looking at the fish from the side is the body of the fish rounded or elongated Elongate or elongated means the body is much longer that it is high An example of elongate object is a paper towel tube

a Has a rounded body bull____________________________________

b Has an elongate body bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

2 Does the fish have many whiskers (barbels) on its chin

a Yes __________________

b No

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

bull_________________________________

3 Does the fish have an adipose fin An adipose fin is a small fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and the tail

a Yes

bull____________________________________ bull____________________________________ Go to 3-1

b No bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

bull____________________________________

Go to 4

3-1 This type of fish has a forked tail

a Yes has a forked tail ______________________________

b No tail is not forked ______________________________

Being able to tell what type of fish you have caught is important to make sure you are following fishing regulations and can keep the fish if you desire Using the photos on pages 10 and 11 and the names of types of fish in the box below write the type of fish into the correct spaces to complete this identifica-tion guide

Trout Salmon Bass Perch amp Walleye Sunfish amp Bass

Bullhead amp Catfish Pike amp Pickerel Carp amp Sucker

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 27

4 Does the mouth look like a duck bill

a Yes ______________________________

b No bull___________________________________ bull____________________________________

Answers 1a- Sunfish amp Bass 1b ndash Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Bullhead amp Catfish) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 2a- (Bullhead amp Catfish) 2b- Trout Salmon (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike and Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3a- Trout Salmon 3b- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Pike amp Pickerel) (Carp amp Sucker) 3-1-a- Salmon 3-1-b- Trout 4a- (Pike and Pickerel) 4b- Bass Perch amp Walleye) (Carp amp Sucker) 5a- (Bass Perch amp Walleye) 5b- (Carp amp Sucker)

5 Is the mouth at the front of the head or under the head a Mouth is at the front of head bull____________________________________ b Mouth is under the head bull____________________________________

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

BECOME A CARE INSTRUCTOROnce certified you can

bull Organize classes on your schedulebull Work in your hometownbull Share your passion for fishingbull Create the next generation of anglersbull Be responsible for unlimited smiles and grateful studentsbull Be a part of the ldquoFirst Fishrdquobull Become a local fishing hero

Fishing Pass it on

28 Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection Letrsquos Go Fishing

Join CARE They need YOU We need YOUBecoming a State Certified CARE Fishing Instructor is simple

1) Contact us (860) 663-16562) Register for training held twice annually3) Complete the training4) Start teaching

Must pass a state police background check

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation

wwwCTGOVDEEPFISHING Department of Energy amp Environmental Protection 29

  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • _GoBack
  • _GoBack
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation
  • httptakemefishingorgfishingfishopediafishing-and-conservation