publishing development research and adding value
DESCRIPTION
A presentation made at the UNESCO workshop on Open Access in Africa, Pretoria, 22-23 November 2010, co-sponsored by the Academy of Science of South Africa and EiFLTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Some rights reserved by spinning jenny
Access to Africa’s knowledge
Publishing development research and measuring value
![Page 2: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Eve Gray (2010): Access to Africa’s Knowledge: Publishing Development Research and Measuring Value.
The African Journal of Information and Communication Thematic Issue on A2K in Africa, Issue 10 2009/ 2010
http://link.wits.ac.za/journal/journal.html
![Page 3: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What does Africa seek to gain from its
investment in research?
![Page 4: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
ʻHow could the application of knowledge end poverty and hunger in Africa? How could higher education empower women and promote gender equity? How can knowledge be considered in the African context to address child mortality and improve maternal health?ʼ
Nahas Angula, Namibian Prime Minister, UNESCO 29th Conference on Higher Education, 2009
Photo: coda Damien du Toit http://www.flickr.com/photos/coda/Creative Commons Share-Alike
![Page 5: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Some rights reserved by mrhayata
![Page 7: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Higher education at a crossroads?
![Page 8: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Information and communication
technology offers new promise
![Page 9: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Higher access, higher quality, lower
cost
![Page 10: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
but we are still caught up with old paradigms...
![Page 11: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
“Over the last few decades, some things have not changed. There’s been no significant break in relations of knowledge production between the colonial and post-colonial eras. African universities are essentially consumers of knowledge produced in developed countries.”
Blade Nzimande, UNESCO World Conference on Higher Education 2009
![Page 12: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
there is a penalty...
![Page 13: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
In essence, what is being defined as ‘knowledge society’ means two different things to the developed world and the African continent. The former are the producers and the latter are the consumers of knowledge, which seriously undermines the fostering of the multicultural nature of Higher Education, as virtually all partnerships are one-sided. This is not only negative for the African continent, but it also deprives global higher education of access to the indigenous knowledge of Africa, and it deprives Africans of the opportunity to develop their indigenous knowledge system and strengthen their relationship to western and eastern knowledge systems. Blade Nzimande, Minister of Higher Education and Training, South Africa
![Page 14: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
National policies tend to favour what Sir John Daniel at
the UNESCO conference called ‘poles of superior quality’
rather than ‘the public good’
![Page 15: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
We measure impact factors and citations in a highly
competitive and exclusionary system
![Page 16: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
controlled by commercial companies...
![Page 18: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Science Research
http://www.worldmapper.org 2006 SASI Group (University of Sheffield) and Mark Newman (University of Michigan).
![Page 20: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
We ask for research to resolve development
challenges, help achieve the Millennium Goals...
![Page 21: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
... even as the policy-makers and international agencies require journal articles and
patents as a measure of success....
![Page 22: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Some rights reserved by AMagill
![Page 23: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
..and offer little support and recognition to the
publications that emerge from development-focused
research.
![Page 24: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Some rights reserved by stuartpilbrow
![Page 25: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Is the problem what is being produced, or what is being
measured?
![Page 26: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
It is not that our policy-makers do not see the
problem...
![Page 28: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Blade Nzimande, UNESCO World Conference on Higher Education 2009
Our universities, in particular, should be directing their research focus to address the development and social needs of our communities. The impact of their research should be measured by how much difference it makes to the needs of our communities, rather than by just how many international citations researchers receive in their publications.
![Page 29: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
But we are stuck in a free rider mentality...
![Page 30: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
in which higher education does not see
publication as its responsibility.
![Page 32: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
http://www.flickr.com/photos/adactio/ CC attribution licence
![Page 33: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
The result is tunnel vision
![Page 34: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
which ignores all but a small segment of the publishing ecosystem..
![Page 35: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
the formal publishing that does not work very well for us...
![Page 36: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Open access is an
answer
![Page 38: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Text• Builds on collaboration and a
tradition of collegiality
• Depends upon sharing rather than proprietorship, access rather than protection
• Efficiencies and economies of collaborative development
• Networked rather than hierarchical structures
The ethos of OA
![Page 39: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
overcoming distribution and access barriers
![Page 40: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
and working across the whole ecosystem
![Page 42: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Commercial publishing - journals
![Page 43: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
offers citation impact, global prestige, access,
reach...
![Page 44: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
and freedom to reuse content for ‘translation’
of research...
![Page 45: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Text
Books
![Page 46: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Cooperative publishing platforms
![Page 47: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
help reduce the South to North knowledge
gap
![Page 48: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
South African national open access initiative
![Page 49: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
and building the quality and accessibility of national journals...
![Page 50: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Repositories profile the whole range of scholarship
![Page 51: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
African research centres produce research that
addresses vital development needs
![Page 52: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
![Page 53: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
How do we develop value systems, rewards
and recognition to support development
![Page 54: Publishing Development Research and Adding Value](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051816/5461d78fb1af9f936c8b4bd4/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Eve GrayHonorary Research Associate
Centre for Educational TechnologyUniversity of Cape Town
http://www.gray-area.co.zahttp://www.http://www.sca2kafrica.org/
http://www.cet.uct.ac.za