publication no. fhwa-hrt-05-130 federal highway administration university course on bicycle and...

Publication No. FHWA-HRT-05-130

Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

International Approaches to Bicycle and Pedestrian Facility Design

Lesson 23

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Lesson Outline• Comparison of walking/biking levels.• What can U.S. learn from other

countries?• Examples of pedestrian facilities.• Examples of bicycle facilities.

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Bicycling and Walking Levels

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

Uni

ted

Stat

es

Can

ada

Engl

and

&W

ales

Fran

ce

Ital

y

Switze

rlan

d

Ger

man

y

Aus

tria

Swed

en

Den

mar

k

Net

herlan

ds

Walking Bicycling

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What Can the United States Borrow from Other Countries?• Better facilities for bicycling and walking.• Areawide traffic calming of neighborhoods.• Urban design oriented to people, not cars.• Restrictions on motor vehicle use.• Better traffic education and enforcement.

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Pedestrian Facilities• Pedestrian crossings:

– Zebra.– Pelican.– Toucan (bikes + pedestrians).– Puffin.

• Pavement messages.• Pedestrian signal displays.

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Pedestrian Crossing Treatments

Zebra crossing

Pelican crossingToucan crossingPuffin crossing

pedestriandetector

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Pavement Messages

• Used in London and Salt Lake City.

• Prompts tourists and other pedestrians to look in correct direction for traffic.

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Animated Eyes

• Used in Canada.• Now included in

2003 MUTCD.• Prompts

pedestrians to look for turning vehicle traffic.

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Pedestrian Zone/Mall• Used on downtown

streets.• Some U.S. examples

exist.• Restricts motor

vehicle traffic.• Permits bicycles,

buses, and taxis.(This picture shows a bicyclist not wearing a helmet.

FHWA strongly recommends that all bicyclists wear helmets.)

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Bicycle Lanes—The Netherlands

• Red pavement color.

• Wide enough for two bicyclists.

• Extensive network.

• Marked through intersections. (This picture shows bicyclists not wearing helmets.

FHWA strongly recommends that all bicyclists wear helmets.)

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Bicycle Signals— The Netherlands• Red, yellow,

green signal indications for bicyclists.

• Special signal phases for bicyclist turning movements.

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Shared Bus and Bicycle Lane—Germany

• Shared lanes are 4.5 meters (m) (15 feet (ft)) wide.

• Shared lane signing and marking.

(This picture shows a bicyclist not wearing a helmet.FHWA strongly recommends that all bicyclists wear helmets.)

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Bicycle Parking—Germany

• Common at transit stations.

• Sheltered parking.

• Bicycle rentals common at transit stations.

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Narrow/Contraflow Lanes—United Kingdom

• Narrower than AASHTO standards.

• Contraflow used on one-way streets for bicyclist convenience.

(This picture shows a bicyclist not wearing a helmet.FHWA strongly recommends that all bicyclists wear helmets.)

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Bicycle Trails and Sidepaths

• Used throughout Europe.

• Some on abandoned rail right-of-way.

• Used more along high-speed roadways.

• More crashes at road intersections.

(This picture shows bicyclists not wearing helmets. FHWA strongly recommends that all bicyclists wear

helmets.)

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Lesson Summary

• Some design concepts have migrated to the United States:– Institute of Transportation Engineers

(ITE) “Alternative Treatments for At-Grade Pedestrian Crossings.”

– ITE “Innovative Bicycle Facilities.”

• Policy and culture are more difficult to change; they take more time.

publication no. fhwa-hrt-05-130 federal highway administration university course on bicycle and...

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