public understanding of science and ethics “ all different – all equal ” european youth event...
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PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Rosalia AZZARO - CERIS
Marina BALDI - IBIMET
CNR Rome
National Research Council
BIOETHICS, EDUCATION AND HUMAN RIGHTS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
This presentation is a summa of two communications at
different places:
European Youth Event “All different – All equal” (by
Conseil of Europe) in St Petersburg – Sept 2006, given by
Dr R. Azzaro
6th Conference of the European Meteorological Society in
Ljubljana – Sept 2006, given by Dr M. Baldi
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
All people know that in the present world it is important
the dissemination and understanding of scientific results,
not only by politicians and by decision makers, but also
by the general public at all levels of education.
Several initiatives of Public Understanding of Science,
are more often promoted by different Institutions.
although, in my opinion, there is a lack of adoption of
proven and successful methodologies.
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
The Committee on Bioethics played an important role in keeping the debate on Science , Ethics and Society.
By assessing different scientific questions - from experimentation on animals to the use of stem cells - both from a scientific and a moral point of view, a conviction emerged: that the study and elaboration of complex argumentations were nearly useless, if we couldn’t “transmit” the message.
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
I am a researcher of philosophy, but as member of this Committee for many years, I felt the responsibility to have a major role also in promoting Projects of Public Understanding of Science.
Two events have been organized in Rome by CNR/Ceris,
whose I was the coordinator: •CLISCET :Climate, Science and Ethics, 1thDecember 2004
•LEDER: Alterum non laedere?, 13th March 2006
http://www.ceris.cnr.it/Bioetica.html
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
These initiatives, started also from the consideration
that there is a lack not only of links between scientific
policy and science, with a subsequent lack of counseling
and advertising, but also a lack of trait-d’union
between the scientific community on one side and
media, society and institutions on the other side.
http://www.ceris.cnr.it/Bioetica.html CLISCET LEDER
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
But as a matter of fact, those meetings are the result of an idea
born during my studies in philosophy and ethics of research.
The ethic answer born from the aim at making the protagonists
of the debate: scientists, decision makers, as well as the public
opinion and particularly those representing the future of science,
i. e. young people, conscious of problems and possible solutions.
“Philosophia nos docet non solum verum et bonum,
sed etiam intelligentiam rerum utilium
ad vitam beatam”*
* SENECA
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Science and philosophy need one another:
• so that science shall be not only rational but also wise, fully human…
• and so that philosophy shall be alive and at service of life
That is what we are trying to do.
Do two cultures have inevitably to exist?
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
From the Italian Constitution:
• Art. 9: “Republic promote cultural development and scientific research and technology”
• Art. 33: “Arts and Science are free as well as their teaching”
•Art. 4 : “Every citizen has the duty, according to personal potential and individual choice, to perform an activity or a function that contributes to the material or
spiritual progress of society”.
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
• However, does the reference to the moral or “spiritual progress” of society belong to the
concept of “laicity” of State?
• The rule of law is in service of the total, not only material of human being, which is subsistent rightl*
* A. Rosmini, the best italian Philosopher of XIX century
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
progresso morale
No21%
I don't know11%
Yes68%
No
I don'tknow
Yes
3) Manhood’s moral progress stands behind in comparison with scientific achievements?
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
By means of an original but well-adopted model of PUS, our Project given young people the opportunity for transmitting scientific information and reflecting from an ethical point of view.
Because…“the cause of humanity is better served if science allies itself to conscience”, by using “the power of intellects and consciences” (speech of His Holiness Pope John Paul II at the UNESCO House, 1980).
The scientists of tomorrow need to become acquainted with a propositional idea of ethics in the scientific research, i.e. not only do not make all that is possible from a technical point of view, but also searching and doing all that is possible for the common well-being of the global community.
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Dissemination process is necessary in order not only to
supply to the lack of correct information, but also to help
to answer the question: “What can be done by the
Community and by the single citizen?”,
this question being the most urgent and requiring a global
approach, leading to the adoption of the more suitable
adaptation of research policies at national and
international levels.
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
A confirmation thereof arrived from the 6th Framework
Programme of EU (2002-2006), which included a specific
Action Plan on “Science and society”, with activities “to
encourage the development of harmonious relations between
science and society and the opening up of innovation in
Europe as a result of the establishment of an informed
dialogue between researchers, industrialists, political decision-
makers and citizens”.
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
In the FP7th of UE (2007-2011), we find the chapter Science in society:
“With a view to building an effective and democratic European Knowledge society, the aim of this section of the FP7 proposal is to stimulate the harmonious integration of scientific and technological endeavour, and associated research policies in the European social structure, by encouraging a Europe-wide reflection and debate on science and technology, and their relation with society and culture”.
The initiative undertaken in this field will provide support to a number of actions, “for enhancing citizen trust in science”.
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
6th Framework Programme of UE (2002-2006) …to encourage the development of harmonious relations between science and society… …informed dialogue between researchers, industrialists, political decision-makers and citizens”.
FP7 of UE (2007-2011)… to stimulate the harmonious integration of scientific and technological endeavour, and associated research policies … by encouraging a reflection on … science and technology, and their relation with society and culture”.
But we notice that the general trend seems to have changed: this is no more a question of activating a virtuous circle of dialogue and constructive relationships between partners equal in dignity (science, institutions, society);but of a communication “in one sense”:
from the scientific world towards “the others”, who play a passive role of reflection, in order to understand the importance, and more than that, the necessity of scientific research for a “democratic European society”.
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
“Research on new renewable energies, solutions for world hunger and food security;
projects against environmental pollution; food and water for everybody, North and
South of the world; three big diseases to defeat (cancer, HIV, malaria) … All these
are realizable objectives; we must believe in them and give full power to science»”*.
This message is evident. But which relation has ethics to that?
Should we give full liberty to science?
*Umberto Veronesi, Corriere della Sera, 22nd September 2005.
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Many people think, as we do, that as to scientific issues of common interest, a real democratic participation is necessary.
Of course, scientific results cannot be submitted to citizens’ judgement!
However, at the same time it’s true that “the obligation to account to authorities and citizens for a correct use of resources and results obtained in the research has become mutual not only between science and politics, but also with regard to civil society”*.
When we say “obligation” and “to account for” (= “res pondere”, i.e. responsibility) we are speaking about morality and ETHICS. *Azzaro R., Questions of Ethics: Science and Society, in The El Dorado of the new Biology. Prometheus, Franco Angeli Ed., 2003, p. 134 .
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
But…as a matter of fact, people don’t trust politicians, scientists and mass media!
The FP7 of EU wants to promote“improved communication between the scientific
world and the wider audience of policy-makers, the media and the general public”.
Now, this is considered as a key point necessary for a retrieval of attention
and trust, from citizens: from a simple understanding of scientific facts,
to the necessity of an active participation and a conscious ethical debate.
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
CLISCET
Climate: Science and Ethics
LEDER
Libertà ed Etica Della Ricerca
Some more about our CNR/CERIS Projects of PUS
National Research Council
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
To experiment a methodology of Public Understanding of Science
(PUS) which helps:
1. To explain what are really scientific questions
2. To favour direct connection between scientists, institutions
and public
3. To favour personal meditation about ethical questions
4. To suggest and accept the better solution.
Common objectives
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
MethodologyThe adopted methodology has the following structure:
a) first contacts with italian and international high schools, through cultural attaché of interested Embassies, namely those of USA, UK, France, España;
b) Meetings and agreements with teachers of one class in each school;
c) dispensation via e-mail of a 1th Questionnaire, in order to evaluate scientific acknowledgment and personal opinions on bioethics topics, which will be treated;
d) scientific information on the same topics by means of telematic documentation;
e) activating on demand of discussion groups on the treated topics;
f) meeting and debate at the CNR headquarter between scientists and public with active participation of students;
g) dispensation via e-mail of a 2nd Questionnaire in order to survey the different steps of learning and possible variations of interest and opinions;
h) Data analysis and pubblication of results by CNR researchers.
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Society and Institutions have responsability to understand science and scientific results
Scientists have to explain to the Public and to the Institutions their results
It is necessary to disseminate correct information and understanding of results
Understanding of Science can help in the direction of a better society
What is Public Understanding of Science?
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
1.13 Con Public Understanding of Science si intende
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Società e istituzioni hanno la responsabilità dicomprendere la scienza
Sono necessarie divulgazione e comprensione deirisultati scientif ici
BUT the understanding of science, even if considered as an important factor for “being better citizens”, is seen as an “optional element” rather than a responsibility to be taken by society and institutions.
Public Understanding of Science
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
• To understand the problem and possibly what is necessary to do
• To activate relationship between science, society, institutions
• To favour meditation on responsible and common solutions to questions posed by the ethics
Specific Goals of CLISCET and LEDER
... why ethics?
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Why ethics?
1. To explain the problem and what is necessary to do =
2. To activate direct and positive relationship =
3. To help towards responsible solutions =
They are all ethics issues
ethichs of information
to assume responsability
to work for common benefit
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
What is ethics (in relation to science)The word int-elligence, as knowledge, come from
“INTUS – LEGERE”
INTUS = INSIDE, LEGERE = TO READ
… it is to read inside (to understand): as the Science does
… it is to read inside in the human being: as moral philosophy
… to will the true/good which has been seen
Ethics is…“INTELLIGENCE WHICH LOVES” (Dante, Rosmini)
Because ethics desires the real good, for itself and for everybody.
Ethics is for human being. It is the first value for humans.
Ethics is a “friendly light” (Newman)
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Methodology adopted
Progetto diPublic Understanding of Science
CLISCET
IL CLIMA: SCIENZA ED ETICA
Presentazione degli aspetti scientifici ed eticiDibattito pubblico
Aula MarconiPiazzale Aldo Moro, 7
Roma, 1 Dicembre 2004Ore 9.00
Segreteria scientifica:Rosalia Azzaro, Cnr-Ceris, [email protected] Baldi, Cnr-Ibimet, [email protected] Claudio Rafanelli, Cnr-Isac, [email protected]
Con il patrocinio di:Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheComitato Nazionale per la Bioetica Ambasciata degli Stati Uniti d’AmericaAmbasciata di Spagna
Insegnanti e scuole in Roma:
Fiona Leckie, Marymount International School; Emma Perrelli, Liceo Cervantes: con los auspicios de la “Consejería de Educación y Ciencia” de la Embajada de España; Dominique Depriester, Lycée Chateaubriand;Olga Iannelli, Liceo Classico Dante Alighieri; Letizia Simeone, Liceo Scientifico J.F.Kennedy; Claudia Bolle, Istituto Statale G. CaetaniGiovanni Colella, Istituto Tecnico Aeronautico De Pinedo
Public
Event
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
4 italian high schools 3 international high schools
(US, France, Spain)
Participating Schools
0 5 10 15 20
Caetani
Cervantes
Chateaubriand
D.Alighieri
De Pinedo
J.F.Kennedy
Marymount
1st Questionnarie - Nr of participating students
f m
Total: 148 students (age 16-19) 69 males, 79 females
1st Questionnarie - Nr of participating students
69
79
f m
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Speakers at the public Event of CLISCET
Chair: Dr Mario Tozzi geologist, scientific writer
Mariano Barriendos Vallvé, Professor at the University of Barcelona, Spain
Vittorio Canuto, Professor at the Columbia University, New York
Franco Prodi, Professor at University of Ferrara and Director of ISAC-CNR
Mario Tassone, deputy Minister of Transportation and President of the Committee on Innovation and Development
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Three main GOALS
1 – To check the degree of knowledge on the
specific topic
2 – Sensibilization on Science and Ethics
3 - To promote participation of science,
society and institutions
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Objective 1To check the degree of knowledge on a specific topics
To inform correctly, and actively, i.e. not only through the media: this is the first step towards the solution of a problem.
Analysis of 2 questions: Information sources Kyoto protocol
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
1 TV 2 Newspapers 3 Magazines 4 Scientific Journals 5 Radio 6 Internet 7 Friends 8 Family 9 School 10 Museiums and library 11 Environmental associations 12 Associations of consumers
Information sources onSCIENCE and CLIMATE
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
frequency
TV InternetNewspapers Family School Radio Magazinessc.
Friends Scientificjournals
AssociationsMuseumsAssociationsof
consumers
Information sources
Questionnaire 1
Information sources
Questionnaire 2
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
frequency
TV SchoolNewspapersInternet Family Magazinessc.
Friends Scientificjournals
MuseumsAssociations Radio Associationsof
consumers
Information sources
-0,15
-0,10
-0,05
0,00
0,05
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,25
TV InternetNewspapersFamily School Radio Magazinessc.
Friends Scientificjournals
AssociationsMuseumsAssociationsof
consumers
Change of the information sources
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
True False Don’t
know
- An agreement on the reduction of GHG
- A specific law on climate
- A final resolution to eliminate the greenhouse effect
What is the Kyoto protocol?
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Answer n.1: An agreement on the reduction of GHG
16 10 8
41
6
49
81
0
20
40
60
80
100
%
No indication FALSE I don't know TRUE
What is Kyoto protocol?
questionnaire 1 questionnaire 2
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
What is your interest in:
Alto Medio Basso1. Science and technology 2. Politics of science 3. Climate change 4. Environmental Issues 5. Renewable energy sources 6.Relationship between institutions, science and society 7. Developing Coutries
Objective 2 - Sensibilization on science and ethics
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Questionnaire 2
Objective 2 - sensibilization on science and ethics
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
%
Developingcountries
Environmentalissues
Science andtechnology
Climatechange
Renewableenergy
Relationshipbetween
science andsociety
Politcs ofscience
Interest on different themes
high low
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
%
Developingcountries
Environmentalissues
Science andtechnology
Climatechange
Renewableenergy
Relationshipbetween
science andsociety
Politcs ofscience
Interest on different themes
high low
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
%
Developingcountries
Environmentalissues
Science andtechnology
Climatechange
Renewableenergy
Relationshipbetween
science andsociety
Politcs ofscience
An "high" level of interest
questionnaire 1 questionnaire 2
Questionnaire 1
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Q Values of Science (points: 1 to 5)- Autonomy - Credibility - Social usefulness - Generality of results - Respect of human beings - Assistance to developing Countries- Economic productivity - Security of applications - Cultural progress
Objective 3 To promote communication and participation
Science, society and Institutions have common VALUES
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Questionnaire 2
Values of science
1th (red) = more
important
Questionnaire 1
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
Credibility Respect ofhuman being
Socialusefulness
Economicproductivity
Truth ofresults
AssistancetoDeveloping
countries
Culturalprogress
Security ofapplications
Autonomy
1 2 3 4 5
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Themes to be treated in a future projectQuestionnaire 2
Preferences expressed by male and female
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Staminal cellsAnd clonation
Energy and consumption
Artificial insemination and quality of life
Food securityAnd emergency
Sustainable development
male female
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Some Considerations…….
+ Lot of work for students and cooperation of Professors
+ … a lot of work for us to:
1. Organize
2. Convince schools and Institutions
3. Fight with bureaucracy
Cost of each project Conference Room: offered free of charge by CNR
Coffee break: 5000 EUR Travel expenses for speakers 3500 EUR Consumables 500 EUR
Total 9000 EUR
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
XV Week of Scientific & Technologic Culture
Science at the top: excellent laboratories in extreme environment
Ministero dell’Istruzionedell’Università e della
Ricerca
CNR 2005
Another event……..
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Several Considerations…The experiment was succesfull. There was a positive and active answer. Students have learned that:
- it is important to get the correct information- scientists can give answer, however the answers are not final- it is necessary to focus on the relationship beteeen science and institutions.
This new method works, however it is necessary to work more on it OK: there are more elements to work on in order to improve it.
Another Project has been carried out in 2006: LEDERLEDER
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
LEDER – Alterum non ledere?
Responsabilità e futuro della scienza
Aula MarconiPiazzale Aldo Moro, 7Roma, 13 Marzo 2006
Ore 9.00
Responsabile scientificoRosalia Azzaro, Cnr-Ceristel. 06 4993 [email protected]
Con il patrocinio di:
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
Comitato Nazionale per la Bioetica
Istituzioni coinvolte
CNRIstituto sull’Impresa e lo Sviluppo (CERIS - Roma)Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche (ITB)Istituto di Biometeorologia (IBIMET)Istituto sull’Inquinamento Atmosferico (IIA)Istituto di Scienze dell’Atmosfera e del Clima (ISAC)
ISS Settore Documentazione, Unità di Bioetica
Scuole RomaLiceo Classico “Dante Alighieri”Liceo Scientifico “J.F. Kennedy” Liceo Scientifico “Einstein”Liceo Scientifico “E. Torricelli” Lycèe “Chateaubriand”Liceo “M. Cervantes”Istituto Tecnico Aeronautico “F. De Pinedo” Campobasso Istituto di Istruzione Superiore “S. Pertini”
LecceIstituto Tecnico Attività Sociali “G.Deledda”
RelatoriIvo Allegrini, Direttore IIA – CnrRosalia Azzaro, CERIS – CnrCaterina Casarano, Onlus Italia solidaleGiuseppe Cipolloni, già Min. Plen. MAERoberto De Mattei, vice Presidente CnrM.Luisa Di Pietro, Istit. Bioetica UCSCVittorio Mathieu, Univ. Torino e CNBLuca Pani, ITB – CnrCarlo Petrini, ISS - Unità di BioeticaBruno Silvestrini, CNBS.E. Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo, Cancelliere della Pontificia Accademia delle ScienzePaolo Vezzoni, ITB - Cnr
Public Event
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
8 italian high schools 4 international high schools
(US, UK, France, Spain)
Participating Schools
53%47% female
maleType of school
59%29%
12%
scientific
technical
classical
Total: 212 students (age 16-19) 99 males, 113 females
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Speakers at the public Event of LEDERIvo Allegrini, Direttore IIA – Cnr
Rosalia Azzaro, CERIS – Cnr
Caterina Casarano, Onlus Italia solidale
Giuseppe Cipolloni, già Min. Plen. MAE
Roberto De Mattei, vice Presidente Cnr
M.Luisa Di Pietro, Istit. Bioetica UCSC
Vittorio Mathieu, Univ. Torino e CNB
Luca Pani, ITB – Cnr
Carlo Petrini, ISS - Unità di Bioetica
Bruno Silvestrini, CNB
S.E. Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo, Cancelliere
della Pontificia Accademia delle Scienze
Paolo Vezzoni, ITB - Cnr
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Genome and new medicaments:
7. Pharmacogenomics seems to be an opportunity for providing personalized treatmets:is it possible to satisfy individual interests, collective benefits and profit for industries?
no26%
abstained2%
yes43%
I don't know29% sì
no
non so
astenuti
…Genetic researches will offer us new methods of medical treatments. Which relation with environment and individual, collective and economic interests has this new approach, personalized to “gene as medicament”?
1. Genome and new medicaments:
SUBJECT 1
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event2. Genetics and procreation:
10. How could you describe a human embryo?
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
a human being who is worthy of respect
“one of us” in the first stages of development
a living substance available for a good purpose
a growing cell clot
other
…Why free scientific activity should keep itself within certain limits as regard to human embryo?And what’s the reason why people apply to artificial procreation:are there environmental and cultural reasons besides the genetic ones?
65% of young people expressed a great consideration for human embryo: 38% a human being who is worthy of respect 27% “one of us” in the first stages of development. On the contrary, for 31% of interviewed people, embryo is “a living substance available for a good purpose” (17%) or only “a growing cell clot “ (14%).
SUBJECT 2
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
3. Environment and development
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Natural catastrophesLack of natural resources
Agricultural protectionism of other countriesForeign debt
Cultural incomprehensionsInternal warsLack of help
Lack of safeguard of local resources and interestsEconomic stagnationStructural inferiorityLack of investments
Governmental incapacity and misusesDrought and inadequate water management
SUBJECT 3 16.“Many countries improved their economies, while Africa moves back: what stops its development?
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
ETHICS OF RESEARCH
- Knowledge cannot have borders (27%), liberty of science must be safeguarded firstly from economic and political influences (31%), and other kinds of conditioning (religion and public opinion) (10%): but limits must exist (21%), for instance with rules given by scientists to themselves (10%).
15) Which description corresponds to your idea of liberty of scientific research?
31
27
21
10
10no conditioning from pow er (political, economicetc.)
the w hole know ledge cannot have borders
science and technology should not have limits
no external conditioning (Church, public opinionetc.)
scientists should give themselves rules
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
16. La scienza moderna non può accentrarsi solo sul modello descrittivo, ma anche sulla comprensione del suo significato". Sei d'accordo?
si78%
no5%
non so17%
si
no
non so
16. "Modern science cannot focus on descriptive models, but also on the understanding of its significance”*: do you agree?
What is the meaning of science?
* Pavel Florenskij)
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Sacrum has been considered by ancient people what we must “separate” (= sacer) from the rest.
A laical state, on the contrary, means that in it different but not separated ways of feeling and points of view may coexist.
Different fields - policy and society, scuence and faith - may coexist in an open dialogue, which in a laical state is not seen as something unconciliative with prejudice.
SOME CONCLUSIONS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
In a civil, laical and democratic society, a real possibility is
a movement of interrelationships between quite different
subjects, which don’t substain private interests but “an
equal and solidary research of public welfare” (as it is
written in the Italian Constitution).
This reasearch gives a common “sense” to every acitivity,
including the cultural and scientific ones.
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS
“All different – All Equal”
European Youth Event
Results show how the main aim of the project, i.e. to
experiment a new methodology of dissemination,
communication, and, possibly, of meditation, on issues
related to the scientific findings in science, through the
establishment of relationships between scientist and cultural
institutions, schools, politicians, has been successfully
achieved, making the method a prototype to be adopted in
the future with a wider audience in order to communicate
research results on scientific issues of interest.
Main Results