public purpose: how the tourist destination of tomorrow continues to dispossess the adivasis of...

8/9/2019 Public Purpose: How the Tourist Destination of Tomorrow continues to dispossess the Adivasis of Narmada today (Gujarati)

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LpiLEQUATIONS : Equitable Tourism Options

#415,2C-Cross, 4th Main, OMBR Layout, Banaswadi, Bangalore-560043

Ph : +91-80-25457607/25457659, Fax : +91-80-25457665

Email : [email protected] Url : www.equitabletourism.org

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k.k._.r_Nd_u fS|>Aps dpZ b _u _uQ_p hpl rhcpN spArskyvf lmhu p_Mf F>sy fphsy S>Ng, smphp, Oprkep S>du_p, S>mhplpA_ VLfuAp sd S> TfZpAp\u agpegp rhspf R>. ep_u \mpLrs_pcpNprgL gnZp hrhe |Z glfp kdp_ R>. s \m h_`rs_u A_Lrh^rsAp sdS> S>Ng_p ìyAp\u eps R>. A_ s\u Ap_vdpv A_ r_fpscfuApfpdvpeu hrAp dpV dpLmpi ps Lfhp_y Dd \m R>. Aphu ephfZ-

Lu hpk__u epS>_p Mp_Nu kplk_p klepN\u Mughhp `pR>m qrh^lsy R>. AL$, dye hpk_y \m sp rhL$kphhy S> A_ kp\ kp\ ApdlpL$pe b epS>_p rhj_u ep`L$ kdS>Z `Z ps L$fphu Ap`hu. kdNhpk_ epS>_pdp lpV$gp, L$pV$, Aepf ps r_hpk\p_p h^y KQuL$np_p b_phhp, L$`]N dpV$_p \mp, hmu Ap_v$dpv$ dpV$ hpV$f`pL$,Apfpdv$e `pL$, h_`rs kNlpge, èphfZ L$u `pL$, smph_p rhL$pk,èphfZ `\p, Npa L$pk, dygpL$psu L$, epN L$, kcp-kdg_ L$Apqv$ Mughhp_y ^pfhpdp Apey R>.

Qpf dpedp_p Alhpgp dyS>b 2003_u kpg\u NyS>fps kfLpf sdS>r_Nd pfp Ap hpk__u kL`_pdp S> LpC_ fk lpe shp Mp_Nu kplkp_AphLpfhp dpV_p e_p i Lfhpdp Apep lsp. 2004_u kpgdp S>Nscf_pd|Xu fpLpZLpfp_y S> kdg_ epS>hpdp Apey lsy sdp AL Ar^Ls fS|>Aps"cprh rhLpk _lfp_y hpk_'A _pd Lfhpdp Aphu lsu. r_Nd AL AefS|>Aps . 170 LfpX_p d| XufpLpZ pfp "èphfZ hpk_' \m dpV_u`Z L$fu lsu.


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_dvp Xd A_ s_p Apk`pk_p rhspfdp hpk_ hrAp epS>hpAN NyS>fps kfLpf devi A_ dlpfp_u kfLpfp_ sph Apep lsp.V$pBk Apa B[X$e$p_p 2003_p 11du ApV$pbf_p Alhpg dyS>b AL$Apsffpe hpk_ sph b `Xpiu fpep_ NyS>fps kfLpf dpLep lsp.devi_u kfLpf S>Zpey lsy L s AN s kfLpf LpC hp p ghp` R>_l], epf dlpfp_u kfLpf S>Zpey L Ap epS>_pdp AphL MQdp kdp_hlQZu_u ifs s AphLpfu iLpe. Ap rhss S>mkNl S> 150 qLgpduVf_p

rhspfdp agpegp R> A_ S>_p S>m_u KXpC 10 \u 100 duV$f S>V$guflgu R> A_ kffpi AL qLgpduVf S>Vgu `lpmpC ^fph R> shp S>mfpiudpsp Dd S>mAp^pqfs fdsNdsp, dpV$p S>lp_p y$T hpkp, lpX$L$p_uklgNpAp, Apk`pk_u VLfuAp `f cdZLnp D`fps ApMu _dvpOpVu_pS>Ng rhspfdp èphfZue hpk_ Mughu iL$pe sd R>. h^pfpdp AkdpQpfdp A `Z Ddfhpdp Aphgy R> L Ap epS>_pdp AL rhij gpc`Z dmhu iLpe shp R>. NyS>fps_p hpkOgp gpLp_ `Xpi_p b vpbûdys Ahp fpepdp hpk S>hp\u dys`Z ifpb ùhp_u kfmsp `Zdmhu Apù iLi. kVbf 2003dp vyr_epcf_p NrsL fpLpZLpfp dpVepegp "hpBb V NyS>fps'_p kdg_dp `Z Ap sph_p DgM LfhpdpApep R>.

k.k. _dv$p r_Nd pfp èphfZ ApepS>_ A_ V$L$_pgp L$(CEPT)_ AL$ dpV$f gp_ b_phhp_y 2004dp kp hpdp Aphgy. CEPTAArNepf ANp 170 L$fpX$ $rèp_p MQ sepf L$fhp_p sph d|ep lsp.r_Nd_p _peb d_S>f u d_uj hdpA ApNl`|hL$ S>Zpey lsy L$""L$pC`Z bfy rbX$fp Aphu_ aph shp bp^L$pdp Apqv$ Ecp L$f shy_ \hp v$hp dpV$ Ad Ap rhL$pkepS>_p_y ApepS>_ L$fpey R>. CEPT

pfp S> ApepS>_ A`pey R> s_y Qys`Z `pg_ L$fphhp_p ApNl Aprhspf_p rhL$pk dpV$ fpMhpdp Aphi. (13du kV$bf 2004_p TOI_pAlhpg)

""L$hqX$ep, AphsuL$pg_u vy$r_ep_y hpk_ \m'' _pd_u y[sL$pr_Nd NV$ L$fgu R>. sdp ArNepf ArNepf ANp_u rhNs sdS> sdph`fphpdp Aph_pf rhspf A_ MQ AN_u _p^ `|Z$` Ap`gu R>.

$d epS>__p ANp rhspf d|X$ufpL$pZ(lV $fdp ) rs v$i gpM

kcrhs

1. hp V$f`pL $ A_ lpV$gp 35 1002. NpaLpk A_ lpVgp 80 3003. hpV$f`pL$, NpaLpk, A_ lpV$gp 110 4004. h_ rs bpN; bNguAp; 20 40

L`]N dpV dvp_5. èphfZ`pL $, b NguAp A_ 40 50

afhp_p \m `N\uAp6. èphfZ`pL$ A_ bNguAp 20 407. b NguAp , he ìyAp dpV$ 70 700

kyfrns rhspf A_ L$`]NsdS> `N\uAp

8. bpV$]N dpV$_p Aphpfp 3 3

9. e \p_L$ p ; k| eps v$i_ \p_ 310. dygpLpsu L 1259 Qp.duV$f 1011 leps lpV$gp_u sf ky pfZp 7700 Qp.duV$f 40

Np u_Nf [\s r_Nd_p dyepgedp\u Ap AN_u dprlsu y[sLpMfuv_pf kcrhs fpLpZLpfp_ Z qvhk_u LhqXep b rhspf_u dygpLpsdpV gC S>hpdp Apep lsp (27du ApNV 2004_p C[Xe_ Akk).Ap hpk_p `qfZpd Mp_Nu fpL$pZL$pfpdp ApL$jZ Ecy \ey Ahp AZkpfps \pe R>. dybC_p ifbf_p v$asf_ BSEL - INFRA STRUCTURE

REALITY LTD. _pd_u L$`_uA S> L$pdp lp\ D`f ghp_u ZL$pfu |fu`pX$u sdp S>Zpey lsy L$, ""NyS>fps_p L$hqX$ep rhspfdp 2500 AL$fdpagpegp rhspfdp AL$ hN kdp_ epS>_pdp fpL$pZ L$fhp_p rhQpf L$fgpR>. Ap epS>_p pfp Vy$fuTd_u kNhX$ A_ s pfp klgpZuAp_u L`_pdyS>b_u sdpd A`npAp `|fu `pX$hp_p lsyR>. sdp Msu, dqv$f, ApfpeL$, fV$pfp, qX$L$p S>hu hrAp dpV$_u kyrh^pAp D`fps flZpL$_psdS> bf dpV$_p kLy$gp rhL$kphhp_p kdphi L$fhpdp Apep R>. Ap


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epS>_pdp Aphpkue ipmpAp, Apsffp$ue Aphpku ipmp, lpV$gp, fukpV$p,gbp, Ly$Vy$bp dpV$_p Ap_v$ dpv$_p L$p, h_`rs Dp_, hpVf`pL, `pVk_ukyrh^p Apqv `Z |fp `pXhp_u NZsfu fpMhpdp Aphu R>. Ap kdN epS>_psbphpf Mughhp ^pfuA R>uA. ( dybC VpL AkQS> : BSEL dpmMpLuehpsrhL$sp Ap^pqfs [BSEINF] by kf kv y $ bpky. http//content :icicidirect.com/pickofweek.asp?id=246

BgpXdp flsp AL Aphpku cpCA "smph afs_u V _ klgNpl'

i Lfhpdp fk R> Ad S>Zpey R>. Ap klgNpl pfp sdZ Ad `ZfS|>Aps Lfu R> L ""LhqXep_u Qpsfa S> lqfepmy hpsphfZ ps R> srhspf_ afsu V__u kaf Lfphhp_y NpWhu vhpi. (TOI_p 11du eyApfu2005_p Alhpg) u fpS>_ `Vg S>Ap lpg gX__p qLkbfu rhspfdpfl R> sdZ Ahp sph Apep R> L, ""LhqXep rhspfdp 22 qL.du._ufg gpC_ k_ lmhp hpk_u kNhX Ecu Lfu iLpe sd R>. Ap dpVcpfs[\s b hpk_ L _uAp, u_p\ Vphk A_ rihd Vphk sd_klpec|s \C iLi. Apd, ep lpVgp, cpS>_pgep A_ hpl_ehlpf_u,AVg L klgNpl dpV_u sdpd hrL Lnp_u kNhXp Mughu vhp dpV_pkdS|>su Lfpfp d NyS>fps kfLpf kp\ Lfu gu^p R>. Ap epS>_p dpV kfLpfAd_ 50 hj_p `V S>du_ Ap shu A np R>.'' lh, hpsrhL [\rsA R> L ep_u S>du_ 35 hj dpV S> `V Apù iLpe sd R>. shp `VAp gu S>du_ `f_p ehlpfdp d_pfS>_ Lf A_ hQpZhfp b_dp\u dy[sApù iLpe sd R>. u `Vg_u ^pfZp R> L sAp vi hj_p kdeNpmpdpAp V$_ AN_u epS>_p sepf L$fu v$C iL$i.

D`f S> LpC dprlsu ps \C R> s_u ApMu L`_pdp LpCL dpVpafbvg rhQpfpC fp lpe shp AvpS> Lfhp `X sd R>. Ap AN _uQ_p

dyp ep_ `f gCA. hpk_ AN_p c|s | h ATueyVuh A[S>r_ef uApf. hu. NS>f Ad S>Zpey L ""hpk_ AN_p dpVf gp_ sp hXpvfpilfu rhLpk r_Nd sdS> Np u_Nf_p ilfu rhLpk_p dye Ar^Lpfuu_pbQ pfp sepf Lfhpdp Apep R>. lh s epS>_p dpV hXpvfp ilfu rhLpkr_Nd A_ s_p A[S>r_efp pfp AL ApMfu dykp sepf Lfhpdp ApepR>. Ap dykp epS>_p_p Adg Lf_pfu dye LQfu kdn fS| > Lfhpdp ApepR> S>_ hlgu sL dS| >f Lfu vhpdp Aph_pf R>. epf bu sfa Ap epS>_p

A_ dpV$f gp_ AN L$pC afapf L$fhpdp Apep R> L$ L$d s AN r_NdfQgu hpk_ dpV$_u _hu krdrs_p DQ Ar^L$pfuAp dpY$ spmp dpfu_bW$p R>. sAp _ sp lf lfp rhj, L$ _ sp epS>_p rhL$kphhpdp fk^fph_pfu e[sAp_p _pdp Ap`hp AN dprlsu `|fu `pX$hp dpN R>.Aepf sp Arsd [\rs Ap hpk_ kL$`_p_u iu R> s Zhy AV$gpdpV$ ie fy _\u L$pfZ L$ Ap rhje_u dprlsu lf S>_sp_u ZL$pfublpf_u NZphu v$hpdp Aphu R>.

ilfu rhL$pk_u _p Zu A_ rhL$pk_urs AN_p Ar^L$pfu L$ S>ApLhqXep hpk_ dpVf gp__p kepS>L `Z R> shp Ar^Lpfu u ù.hu.L.fpdf S> dpVf gp_ fS| > Lep R> s r_Nd_ bsphhp sepf AVgp dpV_\u L sd_y Llhy R> L, ""sd lf Lfhp\u Ad S> ifs\u Ap NplLkp\ b pep R>uA s_p cN \pe sd R>.'' u fpdf_p Llhp dyS>b r_NdAdpfu `pk S> A np Lfu R> s sp Ap epS>_p_p rhspf_ kpvecey-h vph_ NpX_ (dpekpf_p S>hy) sepf Lfhp | fsu S> hps R>. s\u AdApMu epS>_p rhrh^ `pkpAp_ ep_dp fpMu_ OXu R>. S>dp S>du__p Lpf,S>du_ ps \hp AN_u iepiesp, S>msf, Apr\L ApheLspAp A_hluhVu p Ap b^p Apepdp AN S> Lvdp cfhp `X s ep_dp gC_fS|>Aps Lfu R>. s \m `f_u S>du__u A_yL|msp_p kvc ep_dp fpMu_ep Lfhp AN_p bp Lpdp rhj dpNvi_ Apey R>. ep_u S>du_ sp bûr_Nd_p Lbdp R> s\u Mp_Nu kplk lf kplk kp\ keys fus cNpdmu_ S> Ap hpk_ epS>_p Mughhu CA sd k|Qey R>. Ap epS>_p(CEPT pfp) Ahu fus OXu R> L S> S>du_pdp LpC rhhpv _\u ep S>Mughhu A_ R> Npdp_u S> S>du_ AN_u Lp_| _u [\rs R> s_ nrs _`lpQpXhu. DpNp AN S> ps kdS>Z R> s_ _hsf r\u hp_p Ad

e_ L$ep R>. s\u s epS>_pdp awgp_u Msu Mughhu, h_ v$pip dpV$A_yL|mspAp Ecu Lfhu, Ap D`fps he pZuAp dpV Acepfe, frnsS>Ngp_u mhZu, sbyAp A_ L` dpV_p \mp_p fMfMph \pe shurhLpkqep_u Ad sfaZ Lfgu R>. r_kN _ kQhpe sp Ap hpk__uhps_ c|gu S>hu. A_ sdp\u kp Ldphp_u hps_p `Z As S> NZhp.''Aphp ivp kp\ u fpdf kdp`_ Ley lsy. Ap CEPT AS>ku_p blzrhss rhLpk epS>_p Lfhp_p A_ Lhm AL LpV V pfp Lpd `pf `pXhp


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rhj rhfp lsp. Ap ApMp dpVf gp_dp AL r_Nfp_u krdrs fpMhp_p`Z sph Lfhpdp Apep lsp. Ap gp_dp A\ue dlh_p dyp sp A`Z lsp L kdN kfQ_pdp lh `R>u S> LpC Lfhpdp Aph sdp \pr_LNpdS>_p_ kp\ ghp_u hps Z kdphhpdp Aphu lsu. hmu, CEPT AS>VpAepS>_p_ Adgdp gphhp dpV Ap AN kfLpfu lf_pdp pfp AL MpkAr^L$s rhL$pk pr^L$fZ fQhp_u cgpdZ L$fu lsu.

Ap dykp fS|> L$ep `R>u CEPT AS>V$pA b AL$ bW$L$p r_Nd

kp\ L$fu lsu. r_Nd_u Ar^L$s e[sAp_ u fpdf Ad S>Zpey lsyL$ lh `R>u Ap epS>_p AN S> L$pC rhQpfZp L$ r_Zep \pe s ANsAp_ ZL$pfu Ap`sp flhu S>\u Ap dpV$f gp_ dS|>f \pe A_ s_pAdg L$fhp_u blpgu dm epf sAp_ Aphsu S>hpbv$pfuAp `pf `pX$hp_epe `Ngp gC iL$. Ap rhje rhj CEPT _u kp\ b hj \ep `ZL$pC hps S>ZphpC _\u.

Ap AN r_Nd_p Aen u ù. L. gplufu_p Arcpe Zhp e_Lep epf LhqXep_u L\p_ sdZ Sy>vp S> hmpL Apep. Ap CEPT_ sp

AL dykp OXhp_y kp hpdp Apey lsy. sd_p k| Q_p L sph huLpfhpL _l] s_p r_Ze r_Nd Lfi. "Ad sp lh sdZ (CEPT) A dykpdpS> k|Q_p Apep R> A_ Vu`ZuAp Lfu R> s_ ep_dp gC_ S> ApNmhû fp R>uA. lh A dpV$f gp__ hX$pv$fp sdS> Np u_Nf_p ilfurhL$pk ApepS>L$p R>hV$_y h$` Apù fp R>.

Ap epS>_p_y ge LhqXep sd S> s_u Apk`pk_p rhspf_p kdNrhLpk Lfphhp_y R>. hmu, s rhLpk gpL-cpNuvpfu\u `Z Lfhp_u NZsfuR> Ahy u glfu_y Llhy lsy. Ap epS>_p knd li, kgpds li, Apfpdveuli A_ inrZL$ L$np_u li. ""Al] S> klgpZuAp Aphi sAp OZu

_hu ZLpfuAp sdS> d yfu epvNpf drsAp gC_ `pR>p afi.'' vf hjAp kfvpf kfphf b rhspf_u dygpLps ghp ApR>pdp ApR>p vpY gpMgpLp Aphsp lpe R>, s S> Ap epS>_p dpV_u Apr\L kamsp_p Ap^pfR> (2004_u dprlsu_p Ap^pf).

u glfu_p Ap r_hv$__ L$pfZ OZp b^p p | R>hp S>hp \peR>. gp CEPT A Lfgp gp__y iy \ey ? iy s gp_ LQfp_u Vp gudp

_pMhpdp Apep ? ip LpfZpkf 27 _hbf 2006_ qvhk epS>_p AN_pVXfp (bpguAp) Mpghp_u qep pfc Lfhp_p qvhk afu afu VpmhpdpAphu fp R> ?

S> S>du_p lf rls dpV Mpgkp Lfhpdp Aphu R> s S>du_p r_Nd LepAr^Lpf\u Mp_Nu kplkLpfp_ bpgu bpghp_/LpV V ghp_ Apdu iL ? L`R>u r_Nd Ap Lp_| _u b __y DgO_ Lfhp dpV LpC ey[s ip u LpYu R> ?

Al] L$hqX$ep AN_p h y flep Mygp `X$ R>.

L$hqX$ep rhspf pr^L$fZ

A hps_u ZLpfu OZp \pXp gpLp_ \egu R> L NyS>fps fpe_pipk__p ANp ilfu rhLpk A_ ilfu flZpL rhcpN_p dpL GH/V/112,2005/VDA-112004-8027-V qv_pL 29-1-2005_p lf_pdp\u LhqXeprhspf pr^LfZ_u \p`_p Lfhpdp Aphu R>. Ap LpXp(KADA) pr^LfZ_r_Nd_ lsL S> S>du_p d|Lhpdp Aphu R> s S>du_p AN D`fps lf_pdpAhe hluhV Lfhp_p sdS> ghpvu Lfhp_p Ar^Lpf kp hpdp Apep R>.27du qXkbf 2006_p bu lf_pdp dyS>b "LpXp'_p kep _u L fhp_pAr^Lpf r_Nd_ kp hpdp Apep A_ sd Lfu_ "LpXp' D`f r_Nd_p Lpb|mhhp_y NpWhu v$hpey . Ap AN_p lf_pdp d : GH/V/324, 2006/VDA-112004-8027-V\u _h kep_u r_dZ| L Lfu A_ r_Nd_p Aen_s_p dyM sfuL _udhpdp Apep. krdrs_p Aen rkhpe_p kepdp ^p_ilfrhLpk epS>L, hluhVu r_epdL, NyS>fps hpk_ Lp`pfi__p Lrd_f,kfvpf kfphf y_hk_ LQfu, _dvp rS>gp_p Qpes dyM, rgdXu A_Npfp Npd_p Qpes dyMp, A_y vh, Advphpv A_ LhqXep Lpgp_u_phluhVvpf Ap b^pe_u kep sfuL _udZ|L Lfhpdp Aphu R>. Aphu kfQ_pLfu_ "LpXp'_ S> S>du_p D`f Ar^Lpf kp pe s S>du_p AN Mpgkp Lfgulf rls_u S>du_p rhj S> rhhpv Ecp \C iL s vbphu vhp_p MgNpWep lpe sd kde R>. LpfZ "LpXp'_p dyM sfuL sp r_Nd_p Aen__udhpdp Apep R>, S>\u Ds S>du_p f_p r_Nd_p Ar^Lpf e\phskQhpepR> sd `Z NZu g$C iL$pe sd R>.

lh eyApfu 2005dp "L$pX$p'_u \p`_p L$fu AV$g L$hqX$ep,


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hpOpqXep, rgdXu, LpWu Npd_p gpLp_u S>du_p sd S> flZpLp Mpgkp Lfhp_u^dLuAp afu i Lfu vhpC. A_ NpdgpLp_ S>Zpey L S> LpC hmsf (_hysp !) Ap`hpdp Aph R> s gC_ Al]\u S>sp flp, _l] sp sd_ bmS>bfu\uDMXu_ cNpXu vhpdp Aphi. _VhfcpC cpC sXhu A_ QvycpC dN_cpCsXhu b OfdprgLp_p LhqXep[\s Ofp 5du d 2005_ qvhk ^pm vlpXbygXpTf\u Dvhs Lfhpdp Apep. Ap S> dLp_p spXu `pXhpdp Apepep Ahu vyLp_p lsu ep kfvpf kfphf epS>_pdp Lpd Lf_pfp Ar^LpfuAp

sdS> dS| >fp_ M`dp Aph shu hsyAp Apqv hQpsp lsp. A vyLp_p u_VhfcpC_u S>du_ D`f b pegu lsu. D`f S>Zphg b_ e[sAp LhqXep_pd|m hs_uAp R>. sd_p D`f 1961_u kpgdp _pqVk bhu_ sd_p Ecp`pL$ kp\ S>du_p Mpgkp L$fhpdp Aphu lsu.

r_Nd_p Aen sd S> hluhVu r_epdL u `u. L. glfu_p S>ZpepdyS>b, "" "LpXp' epS>_p_p rhspfdp _dvp _vu_p S>dZp LpWp_p ArNepfNpdp A_ Xpbp LpWp_p `pQ Npdp kdphhp_p R>.'' sd_u Ahu kdS>ZR> L r_Nd_u S>hpbvpfu Ap AkfNs kpm Npd_p gpLp_ dpmMpNseh\p sd S> fpS>Npf_u sLp |fu `pXhp_u lpC s S>hpbvpfu "LpXp' fQhp\u

|fu Lfu iLpi LpfZ, ep hpk_ epS>_p r_^pfu R>. r_Nd_u kdS>ZdyS>b Arg 2008dp "LpXp'_u rhr^hs \p`_p Lfhpdp Aph_pf R>. fpekfLpf_p ilfu rhLpk pr^LfZ . 25 gpM Ap Npdp_p kh Lfhp dpV r_Nd_Apep R>. u gplufuA Ddey lsy L, ""k| rQs rhspf klgpZuAp dpV OZpApLjL b_u S> Q| ep R> LpfZ, ldZp Adpfp _L Aphgy fpS> u`mpilf pv$riL$ qadp_p i|V$]N dpV $ O ApL$jL$ b_u Q|ey R> !''

Apd R>sp u glfuA S>Zpey L ss:`| fsy sp bpguAp bpgphhp_pLped fpLhpdp Apep R>. L Ahy `Z Ddfhp sAp Dsphmp \ep L

2007_u kpg_p As ky udp b y e\pepe `pf `pXu vhpdp Aphi. A`Z Mfy L$ AenuA S> kcrhs Mp_Nu kplkp S> rhL$pkq$ep dpV$`kvNu `pdu Q|ep R> sd_p _pdp Ap`hp `V _Lpf cep lsp. LhqXepNpd gpLpdp sp Apd R>sp MygApd Llhpsy lsy L dybC[\sBSEL bp LpdL _u Apdp XpC R>. s L _u pfp LhqXep_ hXpvfp kp\ X_pfp dyedpN D`f AL hchu lpVg bp^hp_y Qpgy Lfu `Z vhpey R>, S>_y _pd"_dv$p r_lpf' fMpey R>.

"_dv$p r_lpf'$

Ly$g S>du_ rhspf 6,03,000 Qp. awV$

b sb$p_p rhL$pk_y ApepS>_ : ep`pf-^^p A_ r_hpk.ep`pqfL$ rhcpNdp vy$L$p_p, Ap_v$dpv$ AN_u eh\pAp A_fV$pfp kdphpi. kdN epS>_p_p MQ : $. 25 L$fpX$_p.

kvc "LhqXep_p Apqvhpku rhspf_ ilfu fN' eyApfu 2008_y "B[Xe_Ank' http//www.expressindia.com/latest.news/kevadias-tribal-area-to-get-urban-colours/260664/

epS>_p pfp AphL$ = $. 50 L$fpX$

pfc : S|>_ 2006 A_ `|Z S|>_ 2007

Adpfu L _uA ep, sdpd kyrh^pAp ^fphsp flZpL_pA pVdV, KQu Lnp_u A_ hmu qLapes ^pfZ_u lpVgp, r_hpkAN_u eh\pAp, R|>VL hQpZ_u A_ MpZu`uZu_u kNhXp,

Ap_vdpv_p kp^_p hNf NpWhhp_y ApepS>_ Lfu vu^y R>. ApkNhXpdp Ahu hpsp `Z Ddfhp_u NZsfu R> L S>\u ep_u"c|rd'_ A_yL|m Ahp cpS>_pgep, BXpf fds_p r_es \p_p,sfZLy X, epepdipmp, qXpNZp, lsLmp dpV_y bf, \pr_L`f fpeys kp^_p - QuS>hsy_u vyLp_p, dpVf NpXuAp_u mhZu_p`pL, Xui AV_p, Bepqv A_L S>qfepsp |fu `pXhp_y NpWhhpdpAphi.

BSEL : L$`_u_p Ly$g hluhV$/ep`pf :-

BSEL L$`_u dpmMpNs kyrh^pAp r_dpZ L$f_pfu AL$

Yu R>. (BSENIF) dNmhpf abyApfu 12du 2008_u kpS> 17.12cpfsue V$p.V $pCd dyS>b u kv y $ bky http://content.icicidirect.com/pickofweek.asp?id=246

BSEL

dpmMpNs kyrh^pAp r_dpZ Lf_pfu Yu_ 1995_u kpgdp"bg kpD\ kplk rgrdVX' sfuL \p`hpdp Aphu lsu. `R>u


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s Yu_y _pd 1998_u kpgdp BSEL Bapdi_ rkVuk sfuLafhu_ rhrh^ L$pf_u IT khpAp Ap`_pfu b_phhpdp Aphulsu. `R>u 2003_p ApNV dpkdp s_ afu ANpD_y _pdBSELApù_, dpmMpNs kyrh^pAp r_dpZ L$f_pfu lf L$fu_ ApdpmMpNs Lpdp rhLkphhp dpV_p Dihpmu b_phu vhpdp Aphu.cpfs kfLpf_u DvpfuLfZ_u _urs_p `qfZpd dysbf_u hpsppfp dpmMpNs rhLpk Lfhp_u hpsp_ bm dey. sdp ( kp)

fpLpZLpfp XpC_ `psp_p apmp Apù _hu rhLpk AN_u _urspfp gpcp ghp ApLjpep. Apd BSEL YuA Ap dpmMpNsrhL$pk_ `psp_u ep`pfu hr sfuL$ NpW$hu v$u^p.

sd_p ApepS>_ lW$m_u dye epS>_pAp

BSEL V$L$_pgp `pL$ hpiu, dybC (dlpfp$)Apsffp$ue Bapdi_ V$L$_p. `pL$, hpiu, _hu dybC

(dlpfp$)

L$hqX$ep pS>V$ NyS>fps *

`pdrbQ fX$pCT, _fyg Npa Lpk, _hu dy bC. (dlpfp$)* r_Nd sdS> NyS>fps kfL$pf pfp lf L$fpegp V$X$f pfpXd `R>u_p _vu_p sV Aphsu 1400 lVf S>du_ NrsL Lnp_uhpk_ kyrh^pAp Ecu Lfhp dpV ApNV 2004_u kpgdp fS|>Lfhpdp Aphu A_ s dpV fk ^fph_pfAp_ (EOI) dpNZuApd|L$hp_y k|Qhhpdp Apey.

shp A`rns rhL$pk L$fu Ap`hp_u S>hpbv$pfu ghp dpV$_uAf BSEL `Y$uA L$fu R>. Ap AN_u dprlsu `y[sL$p fS|>

\C A_ r_Nd kL$pfpdL$ rscph Apep AV$g Ap V$X$ffS|> L$fhp_u q$ep V| L$dp i$ \hp_y kpd Apey. Apd, L$hqX$ep(NyS>fps)dp r_Nd sdS> NyS>fps kfL$pf S> epS>_p sysL$fu R> sdp Dkpl`|hL$ X$php_p ApNl ep R>. Ds epS>_pdpr_hpku ipmpAp, Apsffp$ue L$np_u r_hpku ipmpAp, lpV$gp,fukpV$, L$gb lpDk, Ap_v$dpv$_p L$p, h_`rsS>s_ bpNp,S>mMgL|$v$ (Water) L$p Apqv$ hrAp r_dpZ L$fhp_y

kdphhpdp Apey R>. Ap L$pf_p A_L$rh^ ApL$jZp EcpL$fhp_y S> Qgphpey R> s pfp 2005-2006_p Npmpdp L$`_u_OZu dlh_u sL$p ps \i shu ^pfZp R> L$pfZ L$, sdL$fhp\u Ap AL$ rhri$ L$np_u dpmMpNs kyrh^pAp r_dpZL$f_pfu `Y$u sfuL$ \pr`s \hp_ ApNm hû S>i.

18du S|>_ 2006_p qv$hk BSEL dpmMpNs Y$u_ L$hqX$ep Npd_u

lv$dp_u 6 lV$f S>du_, "_dv$p r_lpf' _pd_u bpv$iplu Apfpdv$eulpV$g r_dpZ L$fhp dpV$ Apù v$hpdp Aphu. 1 L$fpX$ _ uk gpM$rèp `V$ 30 hj_p `V$ Ap S>du_ A`pC. epf `R>u s S>du__pL$b dmhhp dpV$ L$hqX$ep L$pgp_u_p hluhV$u Ar^L$pfuu AL$ dpV$p`pguk_p v$m_ gC_ ep_p AX$^p X$T_ r_hpku Apqv$hpku Ly$Vy $bp_S>bfS>su\u lV$phhp_ Aphu lpep S>\u s S>du_ f lpV$g_y bp^L$pdi$ L$fu iL$pe. NpdS>_pA rhfp^ L$ep A_ sd_u kp\ Apk`pk_pNpdS>_p `Z X$pep. Aphgp Ar^L$pfuAp_ kN_u Ncufsp kdCA_ v$Mpey L$ L$pev$p _ eh\p_p dpV$p p Ecp \C iL$ sd R>

s\u h^y `Ngp sp _ cep `fsy L$lsp Nep L$ Ap gpL$pA S>du__pL$b khmp s S> Apù v$hp rlsphl W$$fi L$pfZ L$ sd_u S>du_psp epf_ue Mpgkp L$fu v$hpegu S> R>.

Ap S> S>du_p LbS> ghp_u NZsfu R> s S>du_p sbphpf kfLpf_pDèpN dpV lsNs Lfhpdp Aphu lsu. ep AL ApprNL spgud L\p`hp, AL ded Lnp_u kfLpfu ipmp R>ppge krls_u Lfhp, kfLpfuLdQpfuAp_p flZpL_p dLp_p A_ Msu dpV DèpNdp ghp_u lsu. lh,DpN spgud L$, ipmp A_ LdQpfuAp_p r_hpkp dpV$_p dLp_p spXu

`pXu_ bp Lpd i Lfhpdp Apey. sd Lfhp S>sp iprsgpgcpC_y Of A_s_ afsu S>du_ Ap \m_p Ofphpdp k`XpC Nep. sAp l ep S> flR>. BSEL YuA sd_ AL Of bpû Ap`hp_y hQ_ Apey R>. `fsy NpdS>_pL _u_ S> S>du_p ghu R> s Apù vhp sepf _\u. ApS>qv_ ky u s AN_prhfp Qpgy S> fp R>. Ap Alhpg fS| > LfuA R>uA epf `Z NpdS>_p_pD`hpk Ap bpbs Qpgu S> fp R>, `fsy kpûip Ap rhfp _ vpv Ap`hpdpNsp _\u.


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b pfZ Ap gp Ar^L$pfp_ fyMkv\pr_L$ hfpS>_u k\pAp_p Ar^L$pfp_ L$pfp, ps

[\rs e\phs fpMhpdp\u dy[s

k_ 2006dp L$hqX$ep pr^L$fZ A[shdp Apey. `fsy L$hqX$epL$pgp_u sp NyS>fps fpe_p Qpesu fpS> Lpevp lWm 1991dp S> Qpes^pfp_p r_ed_ lW$m Aphu NC lsu.

1997_u kpgdp S> Ar^L$s lfps L$fu_ _dv$p rS>gp fQhpdpApep, s _dv$p rS>gp fQhp dpV$ c$Q sdS> bu rS>gpAp_p L$V$gpL$rlkp ghpdp Apep lsp. _pv$pv$ spgyL$p S> c$Q rS>gp_y AN lsy,s _dv$p rS>gp_y AN bey. L$hqX$ep L$pgp_u sp _pv$pv$ spgyL$pdp AphuR> s\u s `Z _dv$p rS>gp_p ANc|s rhspf_p cpN S> \ep. _pv$pv$spgyL$p sp cpfs_p b^pfZ_u A_yk|rQ-5 (`pQ)_p Ar^r_ed lW$mlf L$fu v$hpep lsp. s Ar^r_edp_ykpf L$hqX$ep L$pgp_u_p rhspf`Z L$gd-5_p Ar^L$pf ndp S> NZhp ApheL$ \pe. A_ s\u `Qpes

fpS> AN_p 1996_p ^pfp PESA (Extension & Scheduled Area)s_ `Z gpNy `X$ R>.

cpfs_p b^pfZ_u Ap A_yk|rQ-5dp dyL$ff L$fpep dyS>b sdp_p^Zu \egp r_rs rhspfpdp fl_pfp Apqv$hpkuAp_ hr_rZs fpecpNhhp_p Ar^L$pf kyfrns L$fhpdp Apep R>. s A_yk|rQ-5 \uPESApfp Apqv$hpkuAp_ `psp_p nue rhspf_p D`f_p Ar^L$pfp sd S>s rhspf_p rhL$pk AN_p sdpd epe gpN s r_Ze L$fhp_p Ar^L$pfAp` R>. hmu, s L$gd dyS>b s rhspfdp L$pC rb_Apqv$hpku_ L$L$pC L$p`pfi_ `Y$u_ S>du_ Ap`hp D`f rsb^ L$fhpdp Apep R>.

cpfs_p b^pfZ_p 73dp ky^pfp dyS>b Apqv$hpkuAp_ k`|Z hfpe_pAr^L$pfp Apù_ rhL$pk L$fhp_u sdS> Agpev$u hluhV$u kp `psp_prhspfpdp cpNhhp dpV$ Apù v$hpC R>. Ap PESA ^pfp S> 1996dp`kpf L$fhpdp Apep s pfp dyL$ff L$fg rhspfp_ s_u D`f Ar^L$pfpcpNhhp_y \pr`s \egy R>.

Apd, PESA AL khNplu sdS> h y kpveu Lpevp R>, S>_p pfp

Npddp fpS>bfpS>_u S> `qf[\rs Ecu \pe s dyS>b Npdkcp_ r_ZeLfhp_p Ar^Lpf Ap`hpdp Apep R>. Apd, kp_y rhLuLfZ Lfu_PESApfp \pr_L$ fus-qfhp_ Ap^pqfs r_Zep L$fhp_u A_ ghpv$u kdp^p_pdmhhp_u sd S> ep_p _krNL$ psp A_ kpdprS>L$ `f fpAp_ mhhp_pAr^L$pfp Npdkcp_ kp`hp_u q$ep Ecu L$fu v$hpdp Aphu R>. Al]A L$lhy `Z ApheL$ \pe R> L$ cpfs hs \ep `R>u ApV$gp cphipmuiv$pdp NpdkdpS>_ \pr_L$ fusqfhp A_ ps _krNL$ psp sdS>

sd_u `f`fpNs ZpguAp_ mhhp dpV$_p L$pev$p Ap `lgp OX$pep_lpsp.

Apd, PESA pfp Npdkcp_ S> kp Ap`hpdp Aphu R> s AhekpdprS>L A_ Apr\L rhLpk AN_u dS|>fu Ap`hp_p Ar^Lpf A`pep R>.sdS> Nfubu v|f Lfhp_p, Npd Qpes_p _pZp_p DèpN sd S> kpd| rlLpsp A_ rdgLsp_u mhZu, S>Ng_p NpZ D`pv_ `f_p Ar^LpfkrlsA_ NpdS>du_ Mpgkp Lfhp AN_p sdpd r_Zep Npdkcp_ Apr^_ d|LhpdpApep R>. LVgpL fpepA s Ar^Lpfp Npdkcp_ Apep R>, S> \peu

krdrs fQu_ hp`fhp_y NpWhhpdp Apey R>, sd Lfu_ Ahp _d| _p EcpL$ep R> L$ PESA_p Adg dpV$ s_y A_yL$fZ Ae \pe.

cpfs kfL$pf_p dprlsu Mpsp_u 2000_u kpg_u lfps dyS>bAp `Qpes Ar^L$pf_y rhssuL$fZ A_ dyL$ff L$fgp rhspfpdp PESA_pL$pev$p 24du qX$kbf 1996_p qv$hk\u gpNy `pX$u v$hpep R>. S>dp ApW$fpep_p Apqv$hpku npdp Ap ^pfp Adgu L$fhp_y NpW$ey R>. s ApW$fpep AV$g Ap^v$i, rblpf, NyS>fps, rldpQg v$i, dlpfp$, dev$i,Apqfkp A_ fpS>\p__p rhspfp sdp NZhpdp Apep R>. Apd L$fhp_plsy Apqv$hpkuAp `psp_p cprh D`f k`|Z r_b^ Ar L$pf cpNh

A_ sd_u `f`fpAp A_ ps _krNL$ kkp^_p_u B[R>s mhZuL$f shp R>. 23du qX$kbf 1997 kyûdp D`fps fpep_ s AN_pL$pev$p `kpf L$fhp_u S>hpbv$pfu kpù v$hpC lsu. rblpf rkhpe_p sdpdfpepdp PESAdp k|Qhpegp Ar^L$pfp Adgdp d|L$hp dpV $ L$pev$pAp`kpf L$fhpdp Apep R>.

Apd, PESA_p Ar^Lpfp NyS>fps fpedp 1998 \u NyS>fps Qpes^pfp


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`kpf \sp_u kp\ Adgdp Aphu Nep R>. A_ Ap Qpes^pfp kps rS>gp_p33 spgyL$pdp Aphgp 5055 Npdp_ gpNy `pX$hpdp Apep R>.

NyS>fps Qpes ^pfp dyS>b Npdkcp_ S> Abpr^s Ar^Lpfp kp pep R>sdp _uQ_p_p kdphi \pe R>.

0 Npd_p rhL $pk dpV $_u ep S>_p L$ L$pe$d_ dS|>f L$fhp_p Ar^L$pf

0 Nfubu r_d|g__p Lped dpV e[sAp_u `kvNu, s AN_p Lpedp

epS>hp_p Ar^L$pf0 Qpes S> MQ Lep lpe s AN_y dpZ` `ps S> Apù iL shp

Ar^L$pf

rhLpkLpdp dpV S>du_p Mpgkp Lfhp AN_p r_Zep bpbs spgyLpQpes_ Ar^L$pfp A`pep R>. L$pC `Z ep`L$ rhL$pk_y ApepS>_ L$fhy

lpe sp spgyLp Qpes_ Ap bpbsp AN Ar_hpe Z |R>hp_y ApheLNZhpdp Apey R>. Ap bpbsp _uQ dyS>b R> :

0 rhLpk_u qfepS>_p dpV spgy Lpdp LpC `Z Lpf_u S>du_ k`pv_

L$fsp `lgp.

0 Aphu `qfepS>_p _ L$pfZ ES>X$_pfp gpL$p _p `y_hk_ bpbs.

Ap D`fps, Ap qLkpdp "kdsp'_p QyLpvp `Z gpNy X R>. Ap vidpLpd Lfsu "kdsp' k\pA Ap vi kfLpf kpd ApqvhpkuAp_u S>du_Mp_Nu L _u_ MpZLpd dpV guT `f Ap`hp bvg Lk Lfgp A_ "kdsp'k\p_u s \egu. Sy>gpC 1997dp kyud L$pV$ Ap gp Ap ArslprkL$QyLpvpdp Llhpdp Apey R> L ""kfLpf `Z AL "e[s' R>. A_ s\u Apqvhpkurhspfdp Mp_Nu L _uAp_ kfLpf Ap gu guT fv \egu NZhpdp Aph.

vi_p 8 LfpX ApqvhpkuAp dpV Ap QyLpvp OZp S> dlh_p Apr\L sdS> kpLrsL `qfZpdp ^fph_pfp lpC s_y ApNhy dlh R>. lh, Al] Ap`ZpqLkpdp `Z k.k._. r_Nd Lpevp_u A sp AL e[s S> NZpe A_s\u s LhqXep_p A_yk|rQ-5 lWm Aphsp rhspf_u S>du_p Mp_Nu L _uAp_Vy$qfTd dpV$ Apù iL$ _l].

Ar^L$s kp_u D`fhV$`kp (PESA) pfp ps \pr_L$ hfpe_u k\pAp_u b pfZue

kp_ L$hqX$ep rhL$pk pr^L$fZ (KADA)_ sbv$ug L$fu_ kp`pdZu.

Adpfu tQsp_p dye dypAp _uQ dyS>b R> :

0 cpfs_p fpr e b pfZ_p 73 A_ 74dp ky pfp dyS>b S> kp \pr_Lhfpe_u k\pAp_ kp hpdp Aphu R> s LpXp (KADA)A T|Vhu

guû R>. A kp NyS>fps fpe_p Qpes^pfp(PESA)\u `Z psrhspfdp gpNy `X$pC lsu. R>sp Apd \ey R>. Adpfp keip L$s`pk_p Alhpg, S> D`f fS| > Lep R> s D`f\u args \pe R> L$1998_p NyS>fps_p `Qpes ^pfp `Z L$pfpZ d|L$u_ sdS> 1993_pfpe_p `Qpes ^pfp S> Al] ps rhspfdp r_^pqfs ky^pfpkrls gpNy `pX$hpdp Apep lsp, s_u bû S> L$gdp "LpX$p'_prhspfdp _pL$pd b_phu v$hpC R>. LpX$p_p dye Di sp AL$hpk_ L$u rhL$pk-dpmMpNs afapfp, ep`pf A_ d|X$ufpL$pZpfp L$fphhp_p R>.

0 Apd, Ahp _d|_p_p Qpf L$fhp_u Ap hps R> L$ gpL$p_p L$peduflZpL$ \mp_ hpk__p ^pdpdp afhu v$C iL$pe.

0 S> kdN ApepS>__u qvip lsu s bvgu_ LpXp_ dlh Ap`hp_yR>. (S> kdN ApepS>_ sepf \ey lsy s pfp \pr_L hfpe_uk\pAp pfp Lfgp ApepS>__ 1998_p Qpes ^pfp lWm Ar^LsL$fpey lsy) s_p \p_ AL$ blv$ ApepS>_ lW$m hpk_ AN_urhLpkqep_ p^pe Apù_ A_ rhri kNhXp |fu `pXu_ hpk_-L$u L$pdp Mughhp_y epey R>.

Ap rhr^\u \pr_L$ hfpe_u k\pAp sdS> sd_p Q|V$pegprsr_rÂp S>d_ b^pfZue Apv$i L$ kp_p rhL$uL$fZ pfp AphukpAp_p Ar^L$pf Ap`pep lsp s hps_ MpV$L$phu_ `pV$p D`f\u Dspfuv$hpdp Aphu R>. Apd, Ap cpNprgL$ rhspf_p Ar^L$pfp M|Qhu ghpdpApep R>. L$pfZ L$ NyS>fps kfL$pf_u r$A Ap rhspf hpk_ DpNrhL$kphhp\u h^y _apL$pfL$ b_phu v$hpi. Ape `pdu S>hpe shp b


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dlh_p dyp Apdp kL$mpegp R>. `lgu hps A R> L$ kp_y rhL$uL$fZL$fhpdp Apey R> L$pfZ S>m A_ S>du_ D`f (S> b_ r_kNv kp^_p_phpk_ DpN_ Ar_hpe Ap^pf R>) L$b L$fu ghpep R> sd S> kp\pkp\kdN rhL$pk_u q$epdp Aphsp ANp_ bv$g hpk__ p^pe Apù_Ap rhspf_p L$kbp A_ ilfp AN_p L$p_|_\u S> q$ep lp\ ^fpC lsus_p R>v$ DX$pX$u_ L$hm hpk_L$u rhL$pk awgapg Ad NpW$hu v$u^y --- Ap Ahp _d|_p R> S> \pr_L$ gp L$p_ D`L pfL _ \C iL$. Apd L$fu_

L$pX$p pr^LfZ_ \pr_L$ rhL$pk_p A rns kpdpe dypAp_ v$bphu v$hp_pAr^L$pf Apù v$hpep R>.

Ap\u S> khpg Ecp \pe R> L$

fpe_p ApepS>_ dX$m_ fpecfdp Lep Lep _krNL$ kp^_p psR> s_p epk dmhhp_p R>. L$pC rhspfdp L$pC A_pheL$ kp^_D`g^ _\u sp s OV$ v|$f L$fhp_p D`pep L$fhp_p R>. Aphy L$fu_ fpe_psdpd rhspfp_p kdspg rhL$pk \pe shy ApepS>_ L$fhp_p R>. A `ZlL$uL$s R> L$ fp$_p b^pfZ dyS>b kp_p A_ Aphp ApepS>_dp `Z

rhL$uL$fZ_p Apv$i Ap`hpdp Apep R>. Aphp Apv$i_u rhfy S>C_L$pC n_p epe rhL$pk_ ep_dp gu^p hNf L$pC nrs |Z ApepS>_ fpe_yApepS>_ dX$m \pù iL$ Mfy ? S> kpdpes: ^pfgy ApepS>_ S>_ \pr_L$Npdp _ ilfpA ApepS>_ pfp dyS>b eh[\s r_$`Z L$ey lpe s q$ep_R>pX$u_ Ahy NpW$h L$ hpk__u sfaZ L$fu s_ rhri$ kNhX$p Apù_hpk_L$u ApepS>_ OykpX$u v$C hpk_ Mugh --- shp _d|_p \pr_L_ _ sp DèpNu L$ gpcv$peu R> bL$, s kpse | Z Qpgu iL$ sd`Z _\u.

Aphp \pr_L$ gpL$cpNuv$pfuhpmu k\pAp_p Ar^L$pfp L$pC rhL$pkdpV L gp pr^LfZ_ kp u vhp_p Ap S> Ops Qpgu fp R> s sp epfAp`Zp vi Nygpd lsp epf s hMs_p kp^pfuAp_u S> kdS>Z lsuL kfLpf (dpbp`)_ S> \pr_L Lfsp h y kpfu kdS>Zp ps R>,s kdS>Zp afu gpvhp_p e_ S> R>. Aphy Lfu_ _p rls_ _pd \pr_LgpL$iplueys k\pAp_p Ar^L$pfp T| V$hu ghp_p rkgrkgp fp R>. d|mS> kp_y rhLuLfZ Lfsp flu_ \pr_L _ h y Apdr_cf Lfhp_p

ArslprkL Lvdp cfhp sfa_p e_p\u Ahmu S> qvip_y Ap Lvd NZhy`X sd R>.

dpVcpN epf hpk__u epS>_p lf Lfhpdp Aph R> epf AhyfS|> Lfhpdp Aph R> L k|rQs epS>_p sp r_dm, r_kNeys lqfepmp h__ypsL b_u fl s dpV epS>hpdp Aphu R>. `fsy lLuLs sp Kû S> lpeR> A_ s_y hpsrhL op_ sp O S> ApRy> dpVp cpN_p_ lpe R>. Aphuhpk_ epS>_pAp_ `qfZpd \pr_L gpLp_p Ar^Lpfp_p cpN ghpdp Aph

R> A_ sd_u fpfpVu T|Vhu ghp_p ku^p L ApXLsfp e_ \sp lpeR>. hmu, \pr_L gpLp_y kpdprS>L h_ Dvhs Lfu_ sd_ rh\pr`sb_phu vhp_y S> `qfZpd Ap hpk_ epS>_p_ LpfZ \pe R>. Ap hpk_epS>_p pfp d| m flhpkuAp_ sNXu d| Lu_, sd_p hi`f fpNs ^pAp\ulpLu LpYu - S>d L dpR>udpfu Lf_pfpAp_ sd_p ldi_p flZpL$\u L$pY$u_- `R>u ""èphfZue hpk_ epS>_p'' S>dp kdysVu hpk_, Acepfehpk_, kplk hpk_ S>hp _pdp\u _hp_ gpLdp_ R>sfhpdp AphR>. NpfpC-1 d_pfudp kT (SEZ -- rhri Apr\L rhL pk rhspf) pfpS> hpk_ sdS> Ap_vdpv dpV rhLkphhp_u NZsfu Lfu R> s sp AL

lf lVf S>du_ M|Qhu ghp dpV fS|> Lfhpdp Apep R>. qvludp kOfpep_p(Commonwealth) S>gkp \hp_p R> s dpV 250 ALf S>du__u S>f R>.A_ lqfepZp_ "XuT_ugX' Ecy Lfhp dpV NyfNphdp blz ep`L dpZdpS>du_p Mpgkp Lfhp_p Cfpvp \ep R>, L LVgu S>du_ ghpi s_p Ar^LsApLXp lf _\u Lfhpdp Apep. Lpep (A \m ep by cNhp_ h__pArsd qvhkp Npep lsp) Lyiu_Nfdp cNhp_ by_u QX d| rs \pù_ep AL rhss hpk_ epS>_p, 700 LyVy bp_ rh\pr`s Lfu_ 600 ALfMsu_ gpeL DèpNu S>du_ Mpgkp Lfu_ LfpXp Xpgfp_p MQ Lfu_, fQhp_pBfpvp Lfhpdp Apep R>. Ap Lpf_u S> OgR>p\u kfvpf kfphf _dvp r_NdèphfZue hpk_ epS>_p OX$u R>. hps sp A R> L$ hpk_ DpNdpS> s Aphu R> s_p gpc ghp_ _pd èphfZ_ kyY Lfhp_u hps d| LuR>. bpLu, Ap R> sp D`f S>Zphgu epS>_pAp S>hu cpdL S>. k|rQs ephfZueepS>_p pfp b _u _L_p Npdp_p l h y gpLp_ rh\pr`s Lfhp_y S>`qfZpd Aphi.

0 iy Npd_u kpd| rlL c| rd D`f_p Lb A_ s S>du__p h`fpi_p


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Ar^Lpf, sd S> ps r_kNv D`g[Âp_p DèpN, sd_p kpdprS>LA_ kpLrsL h_ `f `X_pfu Akfp D`fps Ap sdpd rh\pr`s\_pfp LyVybp_ buSy> b y S> LpC Nydphhy `Xi, s_p | f |fp AvpS>dmhhpdp Apep R> ?

0 hpshdp, Aphu epS>_p_ `qfZpd èphfZue A_ kpdprS>L Akfpiu iu \i s_p Aepk sp epS>_p_ Adgdp d|L$sp `lgp S>L$fhp CA.

0 rhrh^ rhjep_p r_Zpsp_y AL hs S|>\ fQu_ Aphu èphfZueA_ kpdprS>L$ Akfp_u QpL$kpC | hL$_u NZsfu L$fphhu CA.

0 Aphp s pkS|>\dp \pr_L$ _p rsr_rÂp_ kpdg L$fhp ApheL$NZphp CA.

0 èphfZue A_ kpdprS>L $ Akfp _u NZsfu S> _l] bL $, s_uL$pm ghp_y ApepS>_ S>$fu R> A_ S>du_p k`pv$_ L$fsp`lgp Ad `$ \pe L$ k|rQs epS>_p sdS> s_ gNsu AeepS>_p_ L$pfZ kpdprS>L$ Akfp rh`fus \i, sp epS>_p AV$L$phu

v$hu CA.2000_u kpgdp fp$ue `y_hk_ A_ \p`__u _urs AN_p

MfX$p, sd S> spS>sfdp 2006_u kpgdp y_hk_ A_ \p`__p L$pev$p_pdykp fS|> \ep R> s b_ rhj EQUATION (Chi_) k\pA OZudlh_u V$uL$pAp L$fu R>. sdp_u dye V$uL$p A R> L$ ^p_`Z S> Akfpkuû L$ ApX$L$sfu Aphp L$`pdp \pe R> s ep_dp ghpsu _\u. v$pMgpsfuL$ NpApdp `QspfL$ lpV$gp sdS> fukpV$p A[shdp Apep R>.(v$fL$ fukpV$ kdy sV$_u huk AL$f S>du_ L$bS> guû R>) bpNpdpV$p

buQ fukpV$, lpguX$ C_ buQ fukpV$, dpbpf sV$ gugp `gk A_ spS>ApNyX$p fukpV$, L$pgp_NyV$ sV$ A_ Aphp A_L$ fukpV$p kdy sV$ fQpCQ|ep R>. sdp spS> ApNyX$p fukpV$ klgpZuAp dpV$ kp\u h^y ApL$jZ_yL$ b_u Q|ey R>. Ap fukpV$ rhL$kphhp sZ gNcN 73 AL$f S>du_L$pgp_NyV$ kdy sV$_u L$bS> L$fgu R>. Ap fukpV$p rhL$kphhp\u, cgblz dpV$u kep_p gpL$p_y rh\p`_ \ey _p lpe, `fsy S>_kpdpe_kdysV$_p ldi dyS>b_p DèpN L$fhp D`f fyL$phV$p Aphu NC R>. A_

sd_p h_ep`_ dpV$_p ehkpep D`f Akf \egu R>. _p_p T|`X$p^fph_pfp A_ dpR>udpfu L$fu_ h_pfu L$pdp s b^pe_ Ap rhL$pk_pL$pe$dp _X$sf$` bep R>. cpfs kfL$pf_u fpr$e kgplL$pf krdrsAS> hps ApNl`|hL$ ep_ `f d|L$u R> sdp A `$ L$lhpey R> L$ AphuepS>_pAp_ L$pfZ L$hm gpL$p_p Ofbpf_y rh\p`_ S> _\u \sy `fsysd_p h_ep`_ A_ kpdprS>L$ sdS> kpL$rsL$ hpfkp-hpsphfZ_Dv$hs L$fhpdp Ap rhL$pk-epS>_pAp L$pfZc|s \pe R>.

dkdpV$u Mp_Nu L$`_uAp_y "hpk_'lf rls_y L$pd bey !!

S> S>du_p kfvpf kfphf `qfepS>_p dpV k`pqvs Lfhpdp Aphu lsu,s S>du_p BSEL S>hu Mp_Nu kplk_u Yu_ Lbdp Apù vhu A spd|m fS| >Aps\u rh`fus Ahu OV_p sfuL S> _p^hu `X sd R>. Nd sVguR|>V gC_ rhQpfuA sp `Z b _p r_dpZ dpV ghpegu S>du_ LpC Mp_Nu

Yu_ lpVg bp hp dpV A`pe s sp LpC `Z hpv lf rls NZphu iLpe

sd _\u. sd R>sp s lpVg dpV Apù vhpC R>. iy hpk_ DpN LpC`Z NZsfuA lf rls_y dp_u iL$pe ?

Ap `lgp `Z LhqXepdp S> S>du_p h`fpep hNf `Xsf flu shuS>du_p NyS>fps kfLpf Sy>vu Sy>vu k\pAp_, R|>V gC_ Apù sp vuû S>R>. S>d L hpdu_pfpeZ VV_ (gNcN 10 ALf LhqXep Npdsm_u S>du_),i|g`pZf dqvf VV_ (Npfp Npd_u gNcN vk ALf S>du_), S>Ng Mpsp_(40 ALf _hpNpd_u S>du_). A S>du_ D`f fpe_p kyfnp `pgukvm_pL` sdS> s_y vasf `Z \`pC Q|ep R>. Ap s_ NfLpevkf `NgpR>. s\u S> Ap AN NpdgpLpA sLfpf r_hpfZ pr^LfZGRA (Adv$phpv$)kdn 2000_u kpgdp aqfepv$ _p phu lsu A_ Ap fus Ae sf L$pdpdpS>du_p apmhhp bpbs fpL$ gNphhp dpV$ pr^L$fZ `pk\u lzL$d dmeplsp. s lzL$d dyS>b S> 200 AL$f k`pqvs \egu S>du_ hZh`fpeguR> s_ Ae hp`fhp rhfy GRAA r_Ze Apù_ kfL$pf_ e\phs[\rs fpMhp_p Apv$i Apep lsp. Ap D`fps Ap sL$fpf r_hpfZ pr^L$fZNpdgpL$p_ Ahy hQ_ Apey lsy L$ r_Nd sd S> kfv$pf kfphf y_hk_


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k\p_ Ap R>e Npd_p gpL$p_p y_hk__p AdguL$fZ dpV$ AL$ epS>_pgp_ b_phhp dpV$ afS> `pX$i. sd R>sp sdp_y L$iy S> \ey _\u. EgV$p_yAp hpk_ epS>_p dpV$ `X$sf flgu S>du_p Apù v$hp_u hps QgphpCflu R>. Ap_ L$pC fus lf rls NZu iL$pe sd _\u. ApMu hps_afhu_ spmpC flu R>.

Ap\u S> Aphp qLkpAp S>hp bu qLkpAp_ Ap^pf A S>qfeps` S> Ecfu Aph R> L "lf rls' Lp_ Llhy s_ AN_u QpMu epep

Lfhu S>fu R>. s epep Ahu lphu CA L S>dp LpC R>VLbpfu _p flA_ d_OX$s Ahp A\OV$_ Lfu_ s_p vy$fy epN Lfhp dpV$ LpC AhLpi_p fl. Aepf_u [\rs Ahu R> L (lf rls dpV S>du_ k`pv_ LfhpdpV 1894_p Lpevp dyS>b A_ sprhs 2007_p S>du_ k pv$_ L$fhpAN_p dykp A_ y_hk_ A_ \p`__p 2000_u kpg_p L$pev$p) Ap_pAp^pf kfL$pfp_ OZu dys Ahu R|>V$p (L$ R>V$L$ bpfuAp ?) S>du_ k pv_Lfhp dpV ps \egu R>. s\u S> S> Lpdp-gpLp_-Aphp MpVp A\OV_p_LpfZ vyNd cpf Tughp `Xp R> A_ rh\pr`s \hy `Xy R>, s b^pe_u

gpbp kde\u dpNZu R> L$ Ap "lf rls'_u QpMp iv$pdp epepL$fu v$hu CA.

fpre kgplLpf krdrs (cpfs kfLpf_u)A y_hk_ A_ y_:\p`_AN_p S> Alhpg sepf Lep sdp lf rls A_ lf Di\u Lfhp_pkfLpfu Lpdp rhj epep Lfu A_ s epep_p b^p `pkpAp_u kdS>ZpAp`hp dpV_u r_rs gpC_ vpfu Apù LpfZ L Ap lf rls-Di AN_pA\OV_p_p DèpN Lhm "rh\p`_' Lfhp_u qep_ Lpevkf_u NZhpdpV S> ghpsp fp R>.

A_yk|rQs rs A_ A_yk|rQs S>_rs_p L $epZ AN_u`pgpdV$fu L$rdVuA s_p 59 (ApNZkpW$)dp Alhpgdp ""dev$i_urhL$pk epS>_pAp_ `qfZpd S> Apqv$hpkuAp_ rh\pr`s L$fhpdp ApepR> sd_ S> Apqv$hpkuAp `pk\u S>du_ afrS>eps`Z k`pqvs L$fhpdpAphu R> A_ S> hZh`fpegu flu R> s S>du_p Mpgkp L$f_pf Ar^L$shluhV$ L$f_pfu k\pA S> Apqv$hpkuAp d|m S>du_^pfL$p lpe sd_`fs L$fhu CA'' Ahu `$ cgpdZ L$fgu R>.

lf rls_ _pd k pv_ Lfgu S>du_p Mp_Nu Yu, kplk_, rhLpkLpfp_hpk_ _urs_p _pd Apù vhp_y NfLp_|_u `Ngy cfhp_p Cfpvp NyS>fpskfLpf 2008_u kpg_p dedp lf Lfhp S>C flu R>. kfLpf sph AhpLfhp dpN R> L VyfuTd_u epS>_pAp_ dpV S>du_ k`pv_ Lfhp_y klgy b_,S>\u kfLpf_ S> dy[s `Xsf S>du_p DpNp_ Ap`hp_ dpV ps R> slpV$gp, fV$pfp, A pV$dV$hpmu lpV$gp Apqv$_y r_dpZ L$fphhpdp kfmsp\pe. Ap D`fps `Xsf S> _l], Mp_Nu S>du_p `Z S>du_ k`pv_ ^pfp

lWm Mpgkp Lfu_ rhrh^ hpk_ epS>_p pfp Lpevp\u _p^pegu L _uAp_Apù v$C iL$pe.

u bu. . hN}k, S>Ap dlpL$pe b p_p `p$p kd\L$ R> AhphN}kA S|>_ 2006dp _dv$p rh\p`_ A_ Apqv$hpkuAp AN epep_dpL$lgy, ""b^ \hp_ L$pfZ Apqv$hpkuAp_u S> Apr\L Akdp_spdp h^pfp\ep R>, Mpk Lfu_ cug gpLp S>Ap b _u D`fhpkdp fl R> sd_ kfLpfrhLpk dpV_u epe epS>_pAp Lfu_ S> S>du_p Mpgkp Lfu R> sdp_p cpNpsd_ Apù vhp_y NpWhhy CA'' (8du S| >_ 2006 IANS). `fsy NyS>fps

kfL$pf L$ r_Nd shy L$fhp_y rhQpfsu _\u.kdp__ue S>Vuk vpDv (r_h), S>dZ NyS>fps kfLpf \p gu

y_hk__u hkplsp_u dygpLps gu^p `R>u sApA rh\pr`sp kdn Lylsy L$ ""hR>p\u L$ v$bpZ\u rh\p`_ Lfhy `X$ epf rh\p`__p OfpApOps \pe S> A sp khdpe kdS>Z R>. `fsyAp _dvp epS>_p_ `qfZpdS>d_ rh\pr`s \hy `X$y R> sd_u sp A[_`funp S> \egu R>. `R>uAhu S>du_p kfv$pf kfphf dpV$ L$ _lfp dpV$ L$ L$pgp_u_p r_dpZ dpV$Mpgkp L$fhpdp Aphu lpe s b^pedp L$pC rh\pr`s A gpNZu\u dys_\u L$ sd_ R>sfhpdp Apep R>, g|V$u ghpdp Apep R> _ A`dpr_sL$fhpdp Apep R>. S> _hu hkplsp Ecu L$fhpdp Aphu R> ep Aph_h_dpV$_p fsp, _m pfp `pZu_u hps sp c|gu S> h; huS>mu, r_ipmL$ lp[`V$g, S>hu p\rdL$ ApheL$spAp\u e sd_ hrQs fpMhpdp ApepR>. S> ApR>u`psmu S>du_p sd_ apmhhpdp Aphu R> sdp A hps_y`Z ep_ fpMhpdp _\u Apey L$ S>du_p L$hp sf_u R>. A_ Ap gpL$pepf S>Ng_u _L$ flsp lsp epf sd_u _p_u dpV$u S>$qfepsp, r_kNv$


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kp^_p klS> dmhu iL$sp lsp s lh L$hu fus dmhu iL$i s_u L$pCL$pm ghpdp Aphu _\u.''

dp.S>Vuk vpDv h ydp _pey lsy L ""h^pf Ah\ Lf_pfu hpssp Ap sfR>pXpegp gpLp A_ sd_y kd\_ Lf_pfp gpLp D`f S> vd__pLpfXp thep R> s R>. Aphp rhfp^ Lf_pfp_ dpV S> qep A`_phpC R>A_ S> `Ngp cfhpdp Apep R> s\p QpLu `lfp_u LXLpC\u dpXu_ k |ZNyXpNufu ky u_u Lpehplu_p S> Apifp ghpep R>, s ApOpsS>_L R>. Aphp

rh\pr`sp_ Nd epf AVLdp ghpdp Aph R>. Ad_p Ofp D`f Adp_huefus Ap$dZ L$fhpdp Aph R>. sd_p bpmL$p A_ uAp_ Z Qpf lpes fus ^L$gu L$pY$hpdp Aph R>. bkdp gC S>C v|$f_p kyv|$f_p \mpAgC S>C epe S>Ngdp L$ Ahphfp \m aL$u v$hpdp Aph R>.... Ap b yS>, rbgLy$g NZsfu |hL$_u L$pehplu L$fu_ rhfp L$f_pfpAp_ v$bphu v$hp_ Ap sfR>pX$pegp sdS> sd_ klp_yc| rs v$iph_pfpAp_u bpgsu S> b^L$fhp dpV$ `ps S> kp ^fph R> s fpnku`Zp_p `fQp_ V$L$phhp_p e_L$fhpdp Aphu fp R> (NyS>fps_p rh\pr`sp_u `qf[\rs - cpfsue

S>_ kdpS>_p V$uey_g_p èphfZue A_ dp_h Ar^L$pf Alhpg - 6$pAlhpg; 1994, dybC).

L$rhX$ep, Npfp, rgdX$u, hpOpqX$ep, _hpNpd A_ L$pW$u, Ap R>e NpdpApS> k`|Z`Z _s_pb|v$ \C Nep R>. Ap NpdS>_pA sd_u gX$s QpgyfpMu R> Mfu. `fsy sd_u spL$ps A_ kL$ì[s OV$u fp R>. _dv$pbQph Apv$pg__p L$hqX$ep Npd_p S> L$diug eyhp_ qv$_i OZu NdNu_uA_ gpNZu`|hL$ L$l R>, ""fpS> fpS> L$pC _ L$pC blpf\u Aphu_ Aphpk_ epS>_p_p gpc DW$phu fp R>. Adpfu bû S>du_p sp S>su S>flu R>. Adpf dpV$ Al] _cphhp_ dpV$ L$pC kp^_ L$ ehkpe ps_\u. Adpfu `pk d|X$u LC S> _\u. Ap blpf\u Aphsp ep`pfuAp_u`^pdp L$pC fus Esfu iL$uA sd _\u. Ad_ _p_u vy$L$p_ Mpghp_pAr^L$pf `Z ps _\u.'' Apd, kfv$pf kfphf_p b R>gp 47 hjdpS> rk _\u L$ey s Ap hpk_ epS>_p_u b|Nu `pL$pfu_ 900 Apqv$hpkuLy$Vy$bp_ sd_p hi`f fpNs \mpA\u lpL$u L$pY$hp_y L$pd Ap`Zu kfL$pf`pf `pX$u flu R>.

sd_u ApipAp D`f `pZu afu hey R>, epf, sAp d|m epS>_p\uAkfNs \ep R> shp huLpf \pe shu hps rk Lfhp_ Ap NpdS>_pBR> R>, sd S> S> dpZ X|bdp S>_pfpAp_ S> s_y hmsf A`pey shyhmsf kfL$pf Ap sd BR> R>. ApS>_y L$hqX$ep blz S>gv$u\u _pdij\C S>hp_y R>. gudXu L Npfp, lkpbl_ L iprscpC, ^dp L grgspb_L _pftkNcpC b^pe, sdpd Agp \C S>i. Al] sp li Lhm cevi_dpV_p `pBVk 1, 2, 3; L smphp, 2, 3, 4, Npa fdhp dpV_y rhipm

dvp_, L hpVf`pL A_ Agb, gy Apqvhpku kLrs_y kNlpge A_gp A\lu_ b . Ap b y Apqv$hpkuAp_y \p_ gi !


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`qfri$ 1hpk_ AN_p S> dypAp b pfZ_p 73dp A_ 74dp ky pfp pfp

hpk_ DpN_u S>qfepsp sd S> Qpesp A_ eyr_rk`prgVuAp_p Ar^LpfpA_ S>hpbv$pfuAp AN L$fhpdp Aphgu `$spAp_p ApgM :

Ap sdpd Ar^L$pfp A_ S>hpbv$pfuAp A_yk|rQ X1 (ScheduleS> Qpesp_u kp A_ Ar^L$pf rhj R>.) A_ A_yk|rQX11th (ScheduleS> eyr_rk`prgV$u_u kp A_ Ar^L$pfp rhi R>) s b_ b^pfZdpS> fus ApdS> L$fhpdp Apep R>, s dyS>b _uQ_p L$pW$p sepf L$fhpdpApep R>.$$ $ $

`Qpesp A_ hpk_ DpN_u _p eyr_r k prgV uAp_p ApheLspApAr^Lpfp sdS> kpAp

S>du_ ky pfZp, S>du_p_u lpVgp, gp, fukpV , S> S>du_p `Qpes LhlQZu/apmhZu_p sfZLy Xp, L rk_p , eyr_rk`prgVu_u ky pfp_p Adg (X1dp NpaLpk Apqv dpV lv_u Avf Aphsu

Schedule _u epv$u S>du__u ApheL sp lpe s dpV Ap \pr_L dyS>b) S>du_p_p epe hfpe_u k\pAp_uh`fpi, A_ dLp_p_u dS|>fu\u hpk__p Zu L ilfuLfZ dpV Apù iLpe. S>d_AN(X11dpSchedule)_u Ar^Lpf lpe s Ap`.epvu dyS>b

ilfu h_rhcpN, r_kNv kp^_p_p ps r_kNv kp^_pèphfZ_y kfnZ h`fpi S> Qpes_u L(ScXII dpZ) S>du_ ey r_._u _Ldp lphp\uALuLfZ A_ S>du_ s_p DèpN_p klS>

^phpZ Apqv kpd Ar^Lpf ps R>. s\ukfnZ Schedule XI s ep_p gpLp_pdpZ Ar^Lpf b_ R>.

LpC rhLpk_p Lpd dpV lpVgp, gp, fukpV , \pr_L k\pAp_uS>du_ k pv_ Lfhu lpe sfZLy Xp, L rk_p , dS|>fu dmhhusp S> rhspfp D`f NpaLpk hNf A_ S>fu R>.dpZ_u epvudp kdprh hpk_ kbr^s

lpe s_ Npdkcp L epS>_p dpV S>du_p_u`Qpes_u dS|>fu pfp ApheLsp Aphp rhLpk_u S> gpLp_Akf \hp_u R> sd_p`y_hk_ A_ \p__pr_Ze Lfhp_p fli.(S>\u Ap dyLff LfgpApqvhpku rhspf_p

Apqv$hpku gpL$p_ AeL$pC Ar^L$pf ^fphsulsu_ Aphp S>du__pDèpN AN_p Arsdlh_p rhje A_S>du_\u sfR>pXpC S>hpAN LpC Lf s_u hpVhp_u _ fl. b pfZpfp A_ `kp pfp S>`qfR>vdp Ar^Lpfp R>s Ahe)

_p_u tkQpC, `pZu_p lpVg DpN, sfZLyX, \pr_L k \pAp_uhluhV, S>mph n NpaLpk A_ lpVgp dS|>fu ghu S>fu R>.(watershed)_p sdS> fukpVdp Aph_pfprhLpk(Sch X dpZ) klgpZuAp_u ldi_uOfh`fpi, ep`pf S>$q fepsp dpV $ `pZu_udpV A_ DpNp_ ApheLsp R>.Ap`hp AN(Sch XII dpZ)

(`kp_p Ar^r_ed r_erds `pZu dm s \pr_L k\pAp_udyS>b) _p_p-dpVp dpV _vuAp, smphp dS|>fu ghu S>fu R>.`pZu_p psp_p hluhV$ A_ TfZpAp `f Ap^pfA_ ApepS>_ Lfhp_pAr^Lpf

Of h`fpi, ep`pf lpVgdp rhrh^ S>qfepsp `Qpes_u dS| >fu_pA_ DpN dpV (_lphp, uhp_p pZu_u; `fhp_p dmhhp


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`pZu_p DèpN L`Xp ^php_u; sfhp_u; ApheL R>.(Sch XII)dyS>b_p hR>sp AN_u) dpVAr^Lpf `pZu Csy lpe R>.

fspAp, Nf_pmp, ygp, VyfuTd_u Ap sp dpmMpNs `Qpes_u dS|>fu_p`pZu f_p bpV$p S>qfeps R> LpfZ L `fhp_p dmhhpApqv_p ehlpf S>hu epe Apfpe_u eh\p, ApheL R>.S>qfepsp_ kpdprS>L hpe fnp; LQfp_psdS> Apr\L r_Lpg_u eh\p; bmsZ,rhLpk_u rA Ar Lpf r_erds `pZu_p hpl;(b_Sch.dpZ) NV$f, bf, dmp Apqv$

dpV_u ApheLsp

S>Ng_u ApXk r A_ klgpZuAp dpV Qpes_p `fhp_pLpd_u kdq_u (kpd|rlL S>Ngdp lfhp-afhp_u dmhhp ApheL R>.kkp^_p_u) mhZu R| >V; S>Ng de fukpV

fQhp_u R| >V, S>Ng_ppZuAp_p vi_ A_ MyguS>epdp ApN NVphu

(lpmu) dpZhp_u R| >VNpduZ huS>muLfZ, sdpd fs huS>mu_p Qpes_p `fhp_phuS>mu h`fpi_u v$u $hpAp , bk V $p f dmhhp ApheL R>.hlQZu krls klgpZuAp_u sdpd(Sch XI dyS>b) kNhXp_p \mlf fsp D`f_u huS>mu_p M`.gpCV; bk-Vp A_kp^_ \mpA (XII)

O_ LQfp_p r_Lpg kgpds A_ ky epe hpk_ DpN ey r_. Ap

L Qfp_u eh\p_u eh\pAp `|fu `pXS>$qfeps shu A`np fpM R>.

Apfpe; A_ hpe NVfp_u kyeh\p hpk_ DpN eyr_.kyfnp-lp[`Vgp, ApheL; ANd-Qsu_u A\hp Qpesp AphuvhpMp_p A_ Apfpe Apfpe eh\p; khpAp `| fu `pX$ shuLp (Sch XI)lWm Qù fpNp\u bQph; A np fpM R>.A_ lf Apfpe vhpAp_p R>VLph

sdS> hpe kyfnp(Sch XII) lWm

kpLrsL hrAp d| m hpguAp A_ `Qpes/eyr_.(Sch XIlWm) Nyfy Ap_p dmp; Dkhp; Ap |fp `pX$A_ inrZL; kpve_ A_ khp kpLrsL Lpedp shu A`np fpM R>.gNsp A_ sdS> kfLk _ BsfkpL rsL rhLpk Ap_v dpv_u eh\p

_bmp hNp_y L epZ hpk_ DpN_ Ap rhjedp hpk_Mpk Lfu_ A_yk|rQs Apdp LpC S>qfeps DpN k`|ZrsAp sd S> _\u sd S> LpC fus Dvpku_ R>.A_yk|rQs S>_rsAp_y fk ^fphsp _\u. Ap

DpNdp L$pC kyfnpcepehlpf L$ L$pe$dhuLpep _\u. dyehS>_rsAp_p DèpNep`pfuL$fZ L$fu apev$p

DWphhp dpV Lf R>.drlgpAp A_ LpC Ncuf rhQpf hpk_bpmrhLpk DpN_ ps _\u.

ilfu eh\p kdp_ lf fspAp hp`f S> Ap kp^_p_u mhZubNuQp, fds-Nds_p R>. fsp `f_u gpCVp_p ` Qpesp A_ eyr_. Lf\mp Apqv (Sch XII) gpc g R>. A_ `pL _p shu A`np fpM R>.lWm kpd| rlL kkp^_p_u hpk_ dpV M` R> .mhZu

bfp A_ dmpAp \pr_L lpV p (frhhpfue Qpesp Ap_u eh\p

L kpldp AL qvhk A_ mhZu Lf shuepf NpWhsp lpe) A np R>. \pr_LdpR>gp dpV_y bf; gpLp_ Apdp Apr\Lamawg, ipLcp, \pr_L gpc _l]hsdmsplsDpN, OfZp, `yfhpf \egp R>.dpsu Apqv vMpXpdpV ApheL NZ R>.


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D`f_p LpWpdp 73 A_ 74dp b pfZue ky pfp dyS>b Qpesp A_eyr_rk`prgVuAp_ Ar^Lpfp A`pep R> s `lgp Mp_pdp viphpep R>. A_AL kfMpdZu_p Aepk fS|> Lep R>. Ap LpW$p\u A sp `$ S> \peR> L Ap hpk_ DpN Qpesp A_ eyr_rk`prgVu_p kkp^_p_p DèpNLfhp dpV sd_p D`f S> Ap^pf fpM R>. Ap\u S> A dlh_y \pe R>L hpk__p S> LpC Lped epe s_u Qpesp A_ eyr_rk`prgVuAp_Z Lfhu ApheL R>. \pr_L r_kNv kp^_p_p rhss DèpN S> hpk_DpN Lfhp dpN R> A_ S>_ dpV s_u A np/Ap^pf Qpesp A_ _Nf-`prgLpAp R> sd_ S> depvpdp Aphp rhLpk Lfhp_u R| >V Apù iLpe s_ep_dp gC_ S> dS|>fu Ap`hp_y NpWhhy CA.

Ahu vgug OZu hpf fS|> Lfpsu lpe R> L (dyeh S> gpLp rhLuLfZ_prhfp Lf_pfp R> sd_u Ahu vgug \su lpe R> L) b pfZ_p 73dp A_74dp ky pfp _ ArNepf A_ bpfdp_u dyff _p p_ kp\ fpMu_ CAsp Qpesp_ ephlpqfL Ar^Lpf ` \sp _\u. Ap _p p Lhm rhLpk_pANp_y hZ_ Lf R>. \pr_L hfpe_u k\pAp_ Apr\L rhLpkdp A_kpdprS>L$ epe_u bpbsdp cpN cS>hhp_p lpC iL$ Mfp.

Apd R>sp 73dp A_ 74dp ky pfp_p MfXp_p Dipdp S> Llhpey R>s ep_ `f ghy S>fu R>. `pep_p gpbp Npmp_p A_ychp_p Ap^pf A_ ApepS>_AN_p epe b pfZue dp`vXp sepf Lfhp_u rA \pr_L hfpe_u k\pAp_S> kp A_ kpde Ap`hp_u S>f ep_ `f ghpdp Aphu R> s_u | rsLfhp dpV Ap ky pfpAp Lfhpdp Apep R>. s\u Ap dypAp Lp_|_u Ar^LpfpA_ S>hpbvpfuAp b_ R>, s_u D np Lfu iLpe _l]. fpe kfLpfp_ Ab _Lsp R> L S> s fpe_p Qpes^pfp A_ykpf \pr_L kfLpfp_ S> Ar^Lpfp_u_p Zu Lfhpdp Aphu R> s vfL fpe Adgdp d|Lhu CA. S>\u S> s rhspf_yApepS>_ \pr_L gpLp_u BR>pAp_ ep_dp fpMu_ Lfpe.

\pr_L$ hfpe_u k\pAp_ S> \p_ b^pfZ pfp Ap`hpdpApey R> s sp Ap v$idp Ap yr_L$ kyipk_ r_dpZ L$fhp_ $prsL$pfu`qfhs__u iesp ps R>. A epv$ fpMhy `Z S>fu R> L$ sdp L$hmipk_ L$fhpdp cpNuv$pfu L$fhp_p S> khpg _\u. `Z S> Nfub R>, R>hpX$p_pL$fu v$hpep R>, S>d_ v$bphu v$hpdp Apep R> A_ S>d_ AgN `pX$uA`dpr_s L$fpC fp R> sd_ `Z kpcmhp ApheL$ R>. Ap AL$ fpS>Lueki[sL$fZ_u Mpsfu Ap`_pfy `Ngy R>.

`qfri$ 2NyS>fps fpedp PESA_p L$pev$p

bpk _. 2.1 NyS>fpsdp Apqv$hpku rhspfp

$d rS>gp spgy L$p

1. kpbfLpWp MXb p, rhS>e_Nf, rcgp Xp, dOfS>.

2. Qdlpg v plpv , Tpgpv, ksfpd yf, rgdMXp, vhNYbpqfep.

3. hXpvfp R>pVpDv y f, _khpXu, rsgLhpXp, S>s yf.4. c$Q X$qX$ep`pX$p, kpNbpfp, hprgep, _pv$pv$, TOqX$ep.

5. kyfs kp_NY, DR>g, epfp, hpgpX, r_Tf, dpXhu, dlzhp,dpNfpm, bpfXpgu.

6. hgkpX hpkvp, ^fd yf, rQMgu, `pfXu, DdfNpd.

7. XpN Aplhp.

_p^ : NyS>fps `Qpes ky^pfp ^pfp-1998_u \pr_L$ rhspf_uepep L$_p " kp' A_ykpf_u S> R>. Ap \pr_L$ rhspf S> Npd b_

R>, `Z sd R>sp s_u kphpf lfps_y L$pd fpe`pg `f R>pX$hpdpApey R>.

L_p "`kp'_p `pep_p rkpsp A_ykpf Ap`Zp fpe lh Lpevppfp A huLpey R> L$ Npdkcp ApV$gu bpbsp_y S>s_ A_ fnZ LfhpdpV$_p `Ngp ghp_p epk L$fi :

0 Ap`Zu `f`fpAp s\p fusqfhp. 0 Ap`Zu kpLrs ApmM.0 Ap`Zp kpdyv$preL$ kkp^_p. 0 rhhpv$ r_hpfZ_u `f fpNs `rs.

_p : Lue " kp' D`fps bpbsp_p S>s_ A_ fnZ dpV_u Npd-

kcp_u kndsp_u hps Lf R>. Ap`Zp fpe_p Lpevp Ap "kndsp' iv_pDgM Lfsp _\u. A_p A\ A R> L Npdkcp Ad Lfhp_p epk Lfi.

Ap`Zu kpAp ! `Z s_p DèpN Ap`Z L$hu fus L$fuiy ?

Npdkcp A_ epe sf_u `Qpes_ S> kpAp L$dp Ap`hpdpAphu R> s_u epv$u bpkdp Ap`hpdp Aphu R>. Adp_u L$V$guL$ kpApdp Npdkcp_ S> R> A_ L$V$guL$ dp epe sf_u `Qpesp_ R> A_


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Al] A _p hy S>fu R> L NyS>fps_p QpesufpS> ^pfp 1993dp blz` fus S>Zphhpdp Apey R> L ApMp fpedp Qhj}e epS>_p AsNsAphsu A\hp/A_ bu `qfepS>_pAp S>hu L fpX b_phhp, `pZu yfhWphNf bpbsp AN_p ApepS>_ sd S> AdguL$fZ_u kp fpe `pk S>

fli. shu S> fus L$pC`Z rS>gpdp L$pC`Z L$pe$d L$ `qfepS>_p AN_usdpd kp fpe `pk fl Ahu `Z NhpC R>. Aphu `qfepS>_pAp_L$pfZ S> rhspfpdp \pr_L$ gpL$p_p h_ `f Akf \hp_u R>, A_Mpk L$fu_ S> rhspfp A_yk|rQ-5dp Aph R> s rhspfp_u Npdkcp_ukgpl/ds Ap AN fpekfL$pf gi shu L$pC `$sp Ap L$pev$pdpL$fhpdp Aphu _\u.

Qpesu fpS> `rsdp A_ sdp `Z Mpk Lfu_ PESA L$pev$p_pAdguLfZ AN NyS>fps kfLpf_u BR>p sd S> vp_s LVgu QpMu R> s

D`f_u rhNsp\u Ap`Z kd iLuA R>uA. NyS>fpsdp Qpesu fpS>_uk\pAp_ Apr\L sdS> hluhVu kpAp Ap`hpdp Aphu _\u Ahy LVgpLkdpgpQLp_y dp_hy R>. D.vp. ApfpeMpsp_y dp_hy R> L s_p Lpd_y r_funZsdS> eh\p_u mhZu_u S>hpbvpfu Qpesp_ kp hu CA _l]. NyS>fpsfpedp hjp\u Qpesu fpS> k\pAp A[shdp Aphgu lphp R>sp Qpes_pkep A_ kfLpfu Ar^LpfuAp hQ Lpd sd S> klLpf_p ksy b php_plSy> bpLu S> R>.

d kp L_p NyS>fps fpe_pPESA Lpevp PESA Lpevp

1. rhLpkgnu qfepS>_pAp dpV N pdkcp L e pe spgy Lp `QpesS>du_ k pv_ sdS> s_p LpfZ sf_u QpesAkf `pdsp AkfNs gpLp_y`y_hk_

2. - NpZ M_u dpV MpZL pd_p Npdkcp L epe Lpevp Ap rhicpX p`p L `fhp_p Ap`hp dpV sf_u Qpes Liy Llsp _\u.cgpdZ Lfhu.- lfp pfp NpZ M_u_pD`epN dpV fpls Ap`hu

3. gOy S>mpiep_y ApepS>_ A_ epe sf_u Npd `QpeskQpg_ Qpes

4. _ipb u_p Adg, dpvL ep_p Npdkcp A_ Npd QpeshQpZ A_ h`fpi `f r_ed_ ep e sf_u A_ ALyi Qpes

5. NpZ h_`vpip_u dprgLu '' ''

6. r^fpZ `f ALyi '' ''

7. kpdprS>L n_u k\pAp A_ '' ''LdQpfuAp `f ALyi

8. Apqvhpku `Vp epS>_p krls_u '' spgy Lp `Qpes\pr_L epS>_pAp A_ kkp^_p`f ALyi

9. S>du_\u AgNph fp Lhp '' rS>gp Qpes

10. Npd_p bf_y kQpg_ '' -

11. kpdprS>L A_ Apr\L rhLpk Npd `Qpes Npd QpesdpV_u rhLpkgnu `qfepS>_pAp_dS|>fu

12. Nfubu r_hpfZ sd S> Ae '' ''Lpedp dpV_p gpcp\}Ap_u`kvNu_y Lpd

13. `Qpes pfp Adgdp gphhpdp '' ''Aphsp Lpedp sd S> `qf-epS>_pAp dpV_p aX sd S>ApepS>_ dpV kqVqaLV Ap`hp

L$V$guL$ kpAp b__ R>. A _p^hp epe R> L$ NyS>fpsdp Npdkcps\p epe sf_u `Qpes_ S> R> kpAp keys fus Ap`hpdp AphuR> sd_u NflpS>fu R>. lh Ap`Z A CA L$ NyS> fpsdp \pr_L$ kfL$pf_prhrh^ sfp hQ kp_u hlQZu L$hu fus L$fhpdp Aphu R>.

L$ A_ fpe_p L$pev$pA Ap`gu kp_u kfMpdZu L$fsy L$p$L$ :


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lh A Ecp \pe R> L$ Aphu `qf[\rsdp, epf rhspfrhL$pk pr^L$fZ_u \p`_p L$fhpdp Aph epf PESA gpNy `X$ R> shprhspfpdp \pr_L$ hfpe_u k\pAp_p L$pev$pL$ue Ar^L$pfp, S>hpbv$pfuApsd S> L$pdL$pS>_y iy \i ?

Qpdpkpdp awVu _uLmsp rbgpXu_p Vp _u S>d vicfdp Aphu rhLpkpr^LfZ k\pAp Ecu Lfhpdp Aphu flu R>. Mpk Lfu_ ep dpmMpLuerhLpk sdS> hpk__u bpbs R> shp rhspfpdp S> Qpgu fy R> s `f\u

Ahy S> Llu iLpe L bû S> kpAp, LpdLpS> sd S> Ap rhspf AN_pr_Ze_p b^p Ar^Lpfp Aphu k\pAp_ kp u vhpi. PESA gpNy `X R>shp rhspfpdp Npdkcp krls_u \pr_L hfpe_u k\pAp `psp_y A[shS> Nydphu bki. AL Ldiug Ly R> s dpZ kpQ S> Qpesp A "hfpe_uk\pAp' R> AVgy S> _l], gpLiplu_u kp\u dlh_u k\pAp sd S>kp^_p R>. gpLiplu_u Ap k\pAp_p `pep _bmp A_ A\ hNf_p lisp s vi_u gpLiplu_ _bmu sd S> khlu_ b_phu vi. Al] A `Z_p hy CA L kkp^_p D`f kp sd S> s_ AN_p r_Ze gpLp_p _flsp s L$[s b_u e R>, s_y `Z Ap jX$e R>.

Apr\L sd S> kpdprS>L rhLpk dpV hpk_ A AL blz dlh_ykp^_ dp_hpdp Aph R>. `fsy, A_ych LCL Sy>vp S> R>. hpk_\u \pr_LgpLp_u S>qfepsp, ApLpnpAp L rhLpk \sp cpe S> hp dm R>. D.vp.Lfm_p hbp_pX rhspfdp hpk_ DpN_p iApsdp gpLpA Dkpl\uhuLpf Lfgp. `fsy, S>dS>d kde hussp Nep sdsd \pr_L gpLp D`fAp DpN_y vbpZ h^sy sdZ A_ycey. hbp_pXdp S>du__u qLdsp M|bS> hû NC, sd_p dpR>gu `LXhp_p sd S> R>u`gp cNp Lfhp_p rhspfpdpsAp R|>V\u S>C iLsp _ lsp, LpfZ L A rhspfpdp dR>udpfu_u S>eplh klgpZuAp dpV_u "ùXbpV', dpVfbpV A_ lpDkbpV gC guû lsu.AVgy S> _l], Ap hrAp_ `qfZpd dpR>udpfp_u mp s|Vu S>hu hNfb_php `Z h^sp Nep. hpk__ LpfZ S> fpS>Npfu_u sLp Ecu \C sdpdpVp _ap dmh_pfp p \pr_L gpLp_ _ dmsp blpf_p gpLp_ S> dep.\pr_L$ gpL$p_ cpN sp Apey L$pV$V$ dS| >f b_hp_y !

`qfri$ 3NyS>fps Qpes ky pfp ^pfp, 1998

(1998_p ^pfp _. 5)

NyS>fps Qpes ^pfp-1993dp h y ky pfp L$fhp_p ^pfp. cpfs_pkpL$_p 49dp hjdp Ap L$pev$p L$fhpdp Aph R>.

1. (1) Ap ^pfp NyS>fps `Qpes (ky pfp) ^pfp -1998 L$lhpi.

2. Ny S>fps Qpes ^pfp-1993dp Lgd-278 `R>u Ap dyS>b_u LgdpDdfhpdp Aphu R> :

278 A :Ap ^pfp cpfs_p b pfZ_u Lgd-244_u Vp Lgd (1)dpS>Zphpegp fpe_p A_yk|rQs rhspfp_ A_yk|rQ-4dp r_qv$$ky^pfp_ Aû_ flu_ gpNy `X$i.

278 A A : A_yk|rQ-5dp r_qv$$ L$pev$pAp fpe_p A_yk|rQsrhspfp_ gpNy `pXhp A A_yk|rQ_u Lpgd-3dp r_qv bpbs dyS>bky pfhpdp Aph R>.

3. dye L pev pdp A_yk|rQ-2 `R>u _uQ dyS>b_u A_yk|rQAp DdfhpdpAphi :

A_yk|rQ 4(Sy>Ap L$gd 278-L$)

(S> afapfp_ Aû_ flu_ Ap Ar^r_ed, fpe_p A_yk|rQs rhspfp_gpNy `Xi s afapfp)

1. L$gd 2dp, MX$(19) `R>u, _uQ_p MX$ v$pMg L$fhp :

""(19-L)'' ""A_yk|rQs rhspfp'' AVg cpfs_p krh^p__u Lgd244_p MX$ (1)dp DgMg ""fpe_p A_yk|rQs rhspfp.''

2. L$gd-4_ bv$g, _uQ_u L$gd d|L$hu :Npdkcp :

4 (1) Ap Ar r_ed\u A\hp s lWm NhpC Lfu lpe shp LpepL$fhp dpV$ Npd dpV$ AL$ Npdkcp lphu Ci.


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(2) Npdkcp, s Npd_p dsv$pf rhcpNp_p dsv$pfp_u epv$udpS>d_p _pdp kdprh$ L$ep lpe shu e[sAp_u b_i.

(3) Npdkcp _uQ_p h^pfp_p L$pep L$fi:

L$. NpdkcpA Npd_p flhpkuAp_u ZpguAp A_ qfhp,sd_u kpL$rsL$ ApmM, kpd|rlL$ kp^_p A_ sL$fpf_u`sphV$_u $qY$Ns fus kpQhu fpMhp_p A_ mhhp_pe_ L$fhp.

M. NpdkcpA-

1. kpdprS>L$ A_ Apr\L$ rhL$pk dpV$_u epS>_pAp, L$pe$dpA_ `qfepS>_pAp_p Npd`Qpes Adg lp\ ^f s `lgp,Ahu epS>_pAp, L$pe$dp A_ `qfepS>_pAp dS|>f L$fhuCi.

2. Npddp Nfubur_hpfZ A_ bu Lpedp lWm rlspr^LpfusfuL e[sAp_u ApmM A\hp `kvNu dpV s S>hpbvpf

fli.3. L$gd-7dp, `V$p-L$gd-(1)dp _uQ_p f sy "L$' Ddfhp :

""`fsy A_yk|rQs rhspfpdp_p \pr_L rhspf_p kb dp cgpdZLfsu hMs, Ahu Mpsfu Lfhu Ci L s \pr_L rhspf kpdpe fusflhpku A\hp flhpkuAp_p kd| l A\hp _p_p Npd A\hp _p_p Npdp_pkd|l_p b_gp R> A_ ZpguAp A_ qfhp A_ykpf `psp_p LpdLpS>_ueh\p L$f R>.''

4. L$gd-9dp, `V$p-L$gd (5)dp, MX$ (L$)dp `V$p-MX$ (1) `R>u, _uQ_p

`V$p-MX$ v$pMg L$fhp :

""(1-L) kdN \pr_L rhspf, LpC `Z A_yk|qQs rhspfp_p b_gplpe shu Npd Qpes_u bpbsdp, V$p-MX$ (1) lW$m A_yk| rQs Apqv$rsAp dpV$ A_pds fpMgu bW$L$p_u kep Ahu fus h^pfhu Ci L$S>\u Lfu_ Aphu kep Npd Qpesdp_u bWLp_u Lyg kep_p AX^p LfspApR>u \pe _rl.''

(Ap L$gddp NyS>fps kfL$pf_p sp. 23-11-2001_p _pqV$qaL$i_pfp S> ky^pfp L$fhpdp Apep R> s_p L$pfZ Apqv$hpku n_u S> Npd-`Qpespdp Apqv$hpku hksu 25 V$L$p A\hp s\u h^pf li ep S>Apqv$hpkuAp_u A_pds bW$L$p Ly$g kep_p AX$^p L$fsp ApR>u _rllpe.)

5. L$gd 10dp, `V$p-L$gd (5)dp MX$ (L$)dp `V$p-MX$ (1) `R>u,_uQ_p `V$p-MX$ v$pMg L$fhp :

""(1-L) kdN \pr_L rhspf, LpC `Z A_yk|rQs rhspfp_p b_gplpe shu spgyLp `Qpes_u bpbsdp, MX (1) lWm A_yk|rQs Apqv rsdpV A_pds fpMgu bWLp_u kep Ahu fus h^pfhu Ci L, S>\u Lfu_Aphu kep spgyLp `Qpesdp_u bWLp_u Lyg kep_p AX^p Lfsp ApR>u\pe _rl.''

6. L$gd 11dp, `V$p-L$gd (5)dp, MX$ (L$)dp `V$p-MX$ (1) `R>u,_uQ_p `V$p-MX$ v$pMg L$fhp :

""(1-L) kdN \pr_L rhspf, LpC `Z A_yk|rQs rhspfp_p b_glpe shu rS>gp `Qpes_u bpbsdp, MX$ (1) lW$m A_yk|rQs Apqv$rsAp dpV$ A_pds fpMgu bW$L$p_u kep Ahu fus h^pfhu CiL$ S>\u L$fu_ Aphu kep, rS>gp `Qpesdp_u bW$L$pdp_u Ly$g kep_pAX$^p L$fsp ApR>u \pe _rl.''

7. L$gd 11 `R>u, _uQ_u L$gd v $pMg L$fhu :A_yk|rQs Apqv$ rs_p kep r_eys L$fhp bpbs :

""11-L$. L$pC L$pfZpkf, Q|V$Zudp spgyL$p `Qpes A\hp rS>gp

`Qpesdp A_yk|rQs Apqv$ rs_p L$pC ke Q|V$pe _rl sp, fpe kfL$pf,Q|V$php dpV$ epe lpe shu A_yk|rQs Apqv$ rs_p kepdp\u s `QpesdpQ|V$pegp Ly$g kep_p AL$ v$ipi L$fsp h^ _rl sV$gu kep_p kepr_eys L$fu iL$i.''

8. L$gd 51dp , V$p-L$gd (2)dp , :

(1) MX$ (L$)_ bv$g, _uQ_p dS>L|$f d|L$hp -


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""(L) fpe_u Npd Qpesp_p kf Q_p lpp, A_yk|rQs Apqv rsApdpV$ fpe kfL$pf A_pds fpMhp Ci.''

`$uL$fZ : Ap MX$_p lsyAp dpV$, "Npd Qpes' AV$g Npd Qpes,S>_p kdN \pr_L$ rhspf A_yk| rQs rhspfp_p b_gp lpe.

(2) MX$ (M)dp,

(L$) `V$p-MX$ (1)dp, ""A_'' iv$ L$du L$fhp;

(M) V$p-MX$ (2) L$du L$fhp.

(Ap Lgddp NyS>fps kfLpf_p sp. 23-11-2001_p _pqVqaLi_ pfp S>ky pfp Lfhpdp Apep R> s_p LpfZ S> Npd Qpesdp rb_ApqvhpkuAp_uhksu_p 75 VLp L h^pf li s Npd Qpesdp kf Q_p lpp ApqvhpkuApdpV$ A_pds fMpi _rl.

9. L$gd 63dp, V$p-L$gd (2)dp,

(1) MX$ (L$)_ bv$g, _uQ_p dS>Ly$f d|L$hp.

""(L) fpe_u sdpd spgyLp `Qpes_p dyM_p sdpd lpp, A_yk|rQsApqv$rsAp dpV$ fpe kfL$pf A_pds fpMhp Ci.''

`$uL$fZ : Ap MX_p lsyAp dpV, "spgyLp `Qpes' AVg spgyLp `Qpes,S>_p kdN \pr_L$ rhspf A_yk| rQs rhspfp_p b_gp lpe.

(2) MX$ (M)dp,

(L$) `V$p-MX$ (1)dp, ""A_'' iv$ L$du L$fhp;


10. L$gd 77dp, `V$p-L$gd (2)dp,

(1) MX$ (L$)_ bv$g, _uQ_p dS>Ly$f d|L$hp.

""(L$) fpe_u sdpd rS>gp Qpes_p dyM_p lpp, A_yk|rQsApqv$rsAp dpV$ fpe kfL$pf A_pds fpMhp Ci.''

`$uL$fZ : Ap MX$_p lsyAp dpV$, "rS>gp `Qpes' AV$g rS>gp

Qpes, S>_p kdN \pr_L$ rhspf A_yk| rQs rhspfp_p b_gp lpe.

(2) MX$ (M)dp,

(L$) V$p-MX$ (1)dp, ""A_'' iv$ L$du L$fhp;


11. L$gd 108dp `V$p-L$gd (4) `R>u, _uQ_u `V$p-L$gd Ddfhu :

""(5) (L) Ap Ar^r_ed_p lsyAp dpV, s Npd_u lL|dsdp Aphglpe shp (fp$ue D`h_p A\hp Acepfep_p rhspfdp\u dmuAphg lpe s rkhpe_p) h_ rhspfdp\u dmu Aphg NpZ h_ vpiNpd Qpesdp r_rls \i.''

(M) NpZ h_ vpi_u hQpZ E`S>, Npd_p aXdp cfhu Ci A_s s_p cpN b_i.

(N) MX$ (L$)dp_p L$pC `Z dS>L| $f_p A\, MX$ (L$)dp DgMgh_rhspf_u S>du_ A_ s_p `f_p TpX A_ R>pX Npd Qpesdp

r_rls \pe R>, shp L$fu iL$i _rl.`$uL$fZ :

Ap V$p-L$gd lsyAp dpV$,

""NpZ h_ vpi'' A ivepN_p A\, NyS>fps NpZ h_ vpi ep`pffpueLfZ Ar^r_ed, 1979_u Lgd 2_p MX (9)dp s_p S> A\Apep R> s S> \i.

12. L$gd 112dp ` V$p-L$gd (1) `R>u, _uQ_u `V$p-L$gd v$pMg L$fhu:

""(1-L$) Qpes, L$gd 4_u V$p-L$gd (3)_p MX$ (M)_p V$p-MX (1)dp DgMg epS>_pAp, Lpedp A_ `qfepS>_pAp dpV, Qpespfp aX$_p D`epN dpV$_y dpZ` Npdkcp `pk\u dmhhy Ci.''

13. L$gd 132 `R>u, _uQ_u L$gd Ddfhu :

S>du_ k pv_ A_ Akf `pdg e[sAp_p y_hkhpV `lgp spgyLpQpes kp\ rhQpf-rhr_de L$fhp bpbs :


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""132-L$. spgyL$p Qpes kp\ -

(L$) LpC Z rhLpk qfepS>_p dpV spgyLpdp Aphgu LpC Z S>du__y,S>du_ k pv_ Ar^r_ed, 1894 lWm k pv_ Lfsp `lgp,

(M) Aphu qfepS>_p\u Akf `pdgu e[sAp_p y_:\p`_ A\hpy_hkhpV$ L$fsp `lgp; rhQpf-rhr_de L$fhp Ci.''

14. A_yk|rQ 1dp ,

(1) _p^ 1dp, `V$p-_p^ (V$) `R>u, _uQ_u _hu `V$p-_p^Ddfhu :

""(V-L) Lau `vp\p_p hQpZ A_ h`fpi D`f rsb d|LhpA_ s_y r_ed_ A\hp r_eZ L$fhp bpbs.''

(2) _p 7dp Vp-_p ) (X) `R>u, _uQ_u _hu Vp-_p Ddfhu.

""(X-1) S>mk\pAp_y ApepS>_ A_ eh\p`_ bpbs.''

(3) _p 10 `R>u, _uQ_u _p^ Ddfhu :

""11. kpdprS>L n_p Lpeddp, sdpd kpdprS>L npdp_uk\pAp A_ LdQpfuAp D`f r_eZ Lfhp_u kp bpbs.''

15. A_y k|rQ 2dp, cpN 1dp, _p 5dp `V$p-_p (O) `R>u, _uQ_u_hu `V$p-_p^ Ddfhu :

""(Q) \pr_L epS>_pAp A_ Apqv rs Vp-epS>_pAp krls AphuepS>_pAp_p kp^_p D`f r_eZ.''

spgyL$p Qpes_u af bpbs_u L$gd 130 lW$m_u A_yk| rQ-2dp_uQ_u afS> Ddfhpdp Aphu R>. \pr_L epS>_pAp A_ Apqvrs Vp-epS>_pAp krls Aphu epS>_pAp_p kp^_p D`f r_eZ.

D`f_u NhpCAp Qpes ^pfp_u L$gd 278-L$ lW$m_u R>.

_uQ_u NhpCAp Qpes ^pfpdp _hu Ddfgu Lgd-278-LL AheR>. Ap Lgd\u A_k| rQ-5dp _uQ_p b Ar^r_edpdp eL_u AL Lgdky pfhpdp Aphu R>. s_u V| $Lu rhNsp _uQ dyS>b R>.

(1) dybC S>du_ dlk|g Ar^r_ed, 1879 (V|Ldp gX fhey LpX)_uLgd 73 LLdp ky pfp Lfu_ LpC Apqvhpku_u S>du_ bu LpC_sbvug Lfhu lpe sp sZ LgVf_u |hdS|>fu dmhhp_ bvgS> s Apqvhpku n_u rS>gp Qpes_u |hdS|>fu dmhhu Ci,Ahu NhpC LfpC R>.

(2) dybC _pZp_u ûf^pf Lf_pfpAp bpbs_p Ar^r_ed, 1946_uky pfgu Lgd 17-4 Ahe LpC `Z _pZp_u ûf^pf Lf_pf,

A_yk|rQs rhspfdp flsp A_yk|rQs Apqvrs_p LpC Ckd_s Npd_u Npd Qpes_u | hdS|>fu rkhpe LC`Z _pZp ûfuiL$i _rl, Ahu NhpC L$fhpdp Aphu R>.

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BhikAN \pXy$L$

EQUATIONS A kip ^_ L$f_pfu A_ rldpes(ADVOCACY) sdS> kOj L$f_pfu k\p R>. dyeh s_yL$pd hpk_ AN_u `qfepS>_pAp\u \pr_L$ gpL$p_p Ar^L$pfp`f \su Akfp sd S> sd_p gpcpgpc AN_u dprlsu psL$fhp_y R>. Bhik_p v$i_ dpZ$ hpk_ epS>_p Ahu lpeL$ S>dp L$pC_ye ipjZ _ \pe sd S> hpk__p gpc A_ sL$pkp_ kdp_$` ps lpe s\p> s_ gNsp b^p r_Zep gpL$iplu`rs\u ghpe.

p[s \p_ :

(1) fprls `rs37, `L$pf L$pgp_u, spv$m fpX$, hX$pv$fp-390 020.

(2) gM_ d ykp qafdy. Ddfhp, `p.Npfp L$pgp_u - 393155.

sys y[sLpdp Ap g rhss s`pk_p Alhpg ky Zp

gplufu (NFFPFW National Forum of Forest People

and Forest Workers) A_ Aqv$rs QQp_u (Equations)A

kip^_ L$fu_ sepf L$ep R>. dpQ 2007dp sdZ L$hqX$epsd S> hX$pv$fp_u dygpL$ps gu^p `R>u Ap Alhpg sepf L$ep

lsp. sd_p Alhpgdp DdfZ A_ Ae klpe A_ep

v$pkNysp (Equations)A L$fu R>.

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