public health issues of interest seasonal influenza seasonal norovirus middle east respiratory...
TRANSCRIPT
Public Health Issues of InterestSeasonal InfluenzaSeasonal NorovirusMiddle East Respiratory Syndrome
CoronavirusNovel Influenza (A/H7N9)
David H. Trump, MD, MPHState Epidemiologist & Director, Office of Epidemiology
December 16, 2013
Seasonal influenza
• Influenza comes to Virginia every year• Season is October – May• Usually peaks December – February
• This year, we can expect to see multiple flu viruses circulating• Influenza A/H3N2, 2009 Influenza A/H1N1,
Influenza B• Influenza can have a large impact, especially in
group residential settings
Flu outbreaks reported last season
Influenza activity this season
VDH’s flu-related activities
• Deliver public messages about covering cough, staying home while sick, washing hands and getting the flu vaccine• Commissioner’s “Dear Colleague” letter
• Monitor flu activity based on outbreaks, laboratory findings, and visits for influenza-like illness (ILI)
• Give advice on outbreak control to facilities, facilitate specimen collection for testing at state lab (DCLS)
• Encourage and provide vaccine
Influenza vaccine coverage in VirginiaPersons ≥ 6 months of age
Source: CDC’s FluVaxView, http://www.cdc.gov/flu/fluvaxview/
Virginia flu vaccine coverage estimates, by age group and flu season
Source: CDC’s FluVaxView, http://www.cdc.gov/flu/fluvaxview/
59% of Virginia women who delivered during 2010-2011 flu season had received flu vaccine (CDC, PRAMS)
Source: Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Health-Care Personnel — United States, 2012–13 Influenza Season. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2013;62(38);781-786
Source: Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Health-Care Personnel — United States, 2012–13 Influenza Season. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2013;62(38);781-786
Seasonal norovirus
• At the same time influenza is circulating, we also see a seasonal increase in the activity of norovirus, a gastrointestinal virus, in the community.
• Norovirus causes vomiting and/or diarrhea.• It spreads easily from person-to-person.• It can have a large impact in group settings, such
as schools, daycare facilities, long-term care facilities, and social gatherings.
Norovirus outbreaks reported last season
Norovirus activity
VDH’s norovirus-related activities
• Investigate and seek laboratory confirmation of many outbreaks
• Monitor trends in outbreaks and outpatient visits for gastrointestinal illness
• Give advice to facilities experiencing an outbreak• Make available information on the disease and
disease prevention and control measures• Press release• Commissioner’s “Dear Colleague” letter• Guidelines for managing outbreaks in facilities
MERS-CoV – Update
• 163 cases reported (CDC, 12/5/2013)
• 71 deaths (44% fatality rate)• Cases in 10 countries: 80% in Saudi Arabia
• No cases in United States• No sustained person-to-person transmission, but
can spread person-to-person during close contact• Family caregivers• Healthcare settings
• VDH and DCLS collaborated to test 4 people for MERS-CoV• All met screening criteria for testing• All tested negative
Novel influenza – Update Influenza A H7N9• All cases to date have been in China
• 137 cases (45 deaths) reported (WHO, as of 10/25/2013)
• China reporting a few cases this autumn• 1 case in Taiwan and 2 cases in Hong Kong, all
associated with travel to mainland China• VDH and DCLS collaborated to test 6 people for
H7N9• All met screening criteria for testing• All tested negative
Tracking and responding to seasonal and emerging
infections keeps VDH and DCLS staff busy and
challenged.
Any questions?