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ILICA WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

FINAL REPORT

AKDENIZ UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

JUNE 2007

E1147 V3

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1

ILICA WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

FINAL REPORT

PREPARED BY

PROF. DR. BÜLENT TOPKAYA PROF. DR. AY�E MUHAMMETO�LU

RESEARCH ASSISTANT ÖZGÜR BÜLENT YALÇIN RESEARCH ASSISTANT MUSTAFA YILDIRIM

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION I: GENERAL INFORMATION......................................................................... 3 1.1 Study Area .................................................................................................. 3 1.2 Existing Infrastructure Facilities ..................................................................... 4

1.2.1 Water Supply System .............................................................................. 4 1.2.2 Sanitation System................................................................................... 4 1.2.3 Storm Water Collection System................................................................. 6

1.3 Project Needs .............................................................................................. 6 SECTION 2: ILICA WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECT.................................... 9

2.1 Project Components ..................................................................................... 9 2.1.1 Service Reservoir .................................................................................... 9 2.1.2 Water Supply Network ............................................................................. 9 2.1.3 Sanitation System................................................................................... 9

SECTION III: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS of PLANNED WATER SUPPLY, WASTEWATER AND STORM WATER COLLECTION SYSTEMS............................................................... 14 3.1 Water Service Reservoir .............................................................................. 15

3.1.1 Construction Stage................................................................................ 15 3.1.2 Operation Stage.................................................................................... 18

3.2 Water Supply Network ................................................................................ 19 3.2.1 Construction Stage................................................................................ 19 3.2.2 Operation Stage.................................................................................... 21

3.3 Sanitation System ...................................................................................... 21 3.3.1 Construction Stage................................................................................ 21 3.3.2 Operation Stage.................................................................................... 22

3.4 Storm Water Collection Networks ................................................................. 23 3.4.1 Construction Stage................................................................................ 23 3.4.2 Operation Stage.................................................................................... 23

SECTION IV: MITIGATION MEASURES OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS................... 24 4.1 Study Approach ......................................................................................... 24 4.2 Mitigation Plan and Measures for Drinking Water Service Reservoir................... 24

4.2.1 Service Reservoir: Mitigation Plan and Measures for Construction Stage....... 24 4.2.2 Service Reservoir: Mitigation Plan and Measures for Operation Stage .......... 28

4.3 Mitigation Plan and Measures for Drinking Water Network ............................... 30 4.3.1 Drinking Water Network: Mitigation Plan and Measures for Construction

Stage ................................................................................................... 30 4.3.2 Drinking Water Network: Mitigation Plan and Measures for Operation Stage . 32

4.4 Mitigation Plan and Measures for Sanitation System ....................................... 34 4.4.1 Sanitation System: Mitigation Plan and Measures for Construction Stage ..... 34 4.4.2 Sanitation System: Mitigation Plan and Measures for Operation Stage ......... 35

4.5 Mitigation Plan and Measures for Storm water Collection System...................... 35 4.5.1 Storm water Collection System: Mitigation Plan and Measures for Construction

Stage ................................................................................................... 35 4.5.2 Storm Water Collection System: Mitigation Plan and Measures for Operation

Stage ................................................................................................... 36 SECTION V: REFERENCES...................................................................................... 37 APPENDIX I. MITIGATION AND MONITORING PLANS ................................................. 38 APPENDIX II. ILICA WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL

MANAGEMENT PLAN ......................................................................................... 43

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SECTION I: GENERAL INFORMATION

1.1 Study Area Municipality of Il�ca is within the boundaries of Manavgat district in Antalya Province. The municipality is 75 km away from Antalya and 7 km away from Manavgat District. The roads, which have connection to nearby residential centers and villages, are open during all seasons and the transportation is continuously provided (See Figure 1.1). Since Il�ca district is located along the Mediterranean Sea, typical climatological characteristics of Mediterranean Region can be observed. The air temperatures are high in summer seasons with no rain whereas winter seasons are warm and wet. Il�ca district is classified to be in a second degree earthquake zone.

Figure 1.1 Geographical Location of Il�ca Municipality Il�ca district has been founded in 1994 and its economy mainly depends on agricultural and tourism activities. Within the boundaries of Il�ca Municipality, there is Kumköy Tourism Area which is located along the southern part of Antalya - Alanya Highway. The recent population of Il�ca is 20 000 (official figures of population is 16 807 in 2000) and it has been subjected to high immigration rates particularly after the tourism development, which has started by 1985. As a result of the tourism activities, the summer population is recorded to be twice as much of winter population. According to forecasts, which are the basis of the feasibility studies prepared by Bank of Province, the population development is expected to be as shown in Table 1.1. It is estimated that the total population which should be served by the municipality will amount to more than 87000 by the year 2040. According to the Official Settlement Plan of Il�ca, prepared in 2003, the settlement area of Il�ca is about 477 ha and 177 ha of this area are allocated for residential construction.

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Table 1.1 Development of population and components in Il�ca

Residents (cap)

Tourist

population(cap)

Camping

(cap)

Daily visitors

(cap)

Total

Population (cap)

N2005 18731 18000 500 3000 40231

N2010 20875 20060 621 3343 44899

N2015 23265 22357 672 3726 50020

N2020 25928 24917 692 4153 55690

N2025 28897 27769 771 4628 62065

N2030 32205 30948 860 5158 69171

N2035 35892 34491 958 5748 77089

N2040 40000 40000 1100 6500 87600

1.2 Existing Infrastructure Facilities 1.2.1 Water Supply System No service has been provided by Bank of Provinces for the available water supply system of Il�ca before the year 2005. The available water infrastructure system before the year 2005 has been realized by Rural Services Organization. As the available water infrastructure system was both improper and old, Municipality of Il�ca has acted to find support from Bank of Provinces to improve the infrastructure system in 2005. The renewal project included water transmission line with 11020 m length and Ø 630 mm and Ø 800 mm diameter PE100 pipes for a flow rate of 210 l/s. Municipal water is pumped from TMY4, TMY5, TMY6, TMY7 deep wells which are in the western side of Manavgat River. These wells have been drilled in 2005 and the abstracted water is pumped to DM2 water reservoir which has 1000 m3 capacity and an elevation of 74.30 m above mean sea level. Three of these wells are operational where one spare pump is also reserved. The existing water infrastructure is supplied from DM2 service reservoir by gravity. Contrary to the development of the water transmission system, the water supply network of Il�ca needs development and improvement. The existing water network, on the northern side of Antalya-Alanya highway, was built by Rural Services Organization between the years 1980 – 1990. This network is unsystematic and rather old. The existing operation units, water transmission pipeline and water distribution network are shown in Figure 1.2. 1.2.2 Sanitation System There is sewerage system and wastewater treatment facility in the southern side of Antalya-Alanya highway in Il�ca. However, there is no sanitation infrastructure (wastewater collection system and wastewater treatment plant) for the northern part of Antalya-Alanya highway. There is no sewer system in Gömeçli and Il�ca districts which are in the center of the Municipality and the generated wastewater is disposed via percolating septic tanks.

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Figure 1.2 The existing water supply networks and transmission line

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As the soil structure in Il�ca is defined to be clay and impervious, septic tanks are occasionally spilled over which threatens public health and environment. The existing wastewater treatment plant, in the southern side of Antalya-Alanya highway, was built and improved in 2005 by MATAB (Association of Manavgat Tourism Infrastructure). This treatment plant, with a capacity of 50 000 m3/day, serves for the tourism facilities located on the southern part of Antalya-Alanya highway. After the completion of the wastewater collection system for the northern part of the Municipality, the collected wastewater will be directed to the existing wastewater treatment plant. The capacity of the wastewater treatment plant is enough to accept this additional wastewater inflow. 1.2.3 Storm Water Collection System There is no available infrastructure system for storm water collection and discharge in Il�ca. Storm water collection system is newly built only along the main road of Il�ca, which passes through the center. The collected storm water is directed to available canal systems in the south of the district and it is discharged to Il�ca Creek which flows into the Mediterranean Sea.

1.3 Project Needs

• There is a lack of sufficient water supply network in the residential area which lies along the northern side of Antalya-Alanya highway.

• The infrastructure system is aimed to be finalized for the whole residential area.

The future settlement areas are also included in the infrastructure system.

• Due to a lack of proper sanitation system in Il�ca, wastewater disposal is accomplished by percolating septic tanks. The collected septage is transferred to the nearby wastewater treatment plant via vacuum tankers. As a result of improper practices and impervious soil structure, wastewater can be flooded from the septic tanks and may cause serious health problems.

• Due to tourism development potential of Il�ca, environmental protection gains

particular importance. In this respect, any wastewater discharges that may cause marine pollution should be prevented.

In order to meet the above mentioned project needs, a project has been prepared by Il�ca Municipality for replacing the existing water supply network, renewal of some old pipes, construction of a high capacity service reservoir, construction of new sewage and storm water collection systems.

• The planned project is estimated to serve for 30 years and an additional 5 year period is taken for the completion of the project components. As the start of the project is 2005, the design year of the project is taken as 2040 (current time=2005 + 30 years of service + 5 years for construction and completion). Depending on this design information, the future water demands of Il�ca has been calculated and presented in Table 1.2. The potable water demand of Il�ca is estimated at 210 l/s for the design year of 2040. This value contains water demands of both humans and the animals where water demand of animals is taken as 0.17 l/s.

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Table 1.2 Development of future water demands in project area

Qtotal= Qresidential + Qanimals Q (l/sn)

QTOTAL (l/sn)

Q2005 69.85 + 0.17 70.02 ≅ 70.00

Q2010 77.95 + 0.17 78.12 ≅ 80.00

Q2015 115.79 + 0.17 116.56 ≅ 120.00

Q2020 128.91 + 0.17 129.07 ≅ 130.00

Q2025 143.66 + 0.17 143.83 ≅ 145.00

Q2030 160,12 + 0.17 160,29 ≅ 160.00

Q2035 178.45 + 0.17 178.62 ≅ 180.00

Q2040 202.77 + 0.17 202.94 ≅ 210.00

• There are three operational and one spare deep wells (namely TMY4, TMY5, TMY6 and TMY7) on the coast of Manavgat River in Sar�lar region which is on the western side of Il�ca. These wells provide a total of 210 l/s of water (70,00+70,00+70,00 l/s) and it is enough to meet the future water demand of the project area till the design year of 2040 as shown in Table 1.2. In the current situation, only one well is in operation and the second well is partially used in summer season when the water demand increases.

• In the year 2005, a total of 11020 m length water transmission line is completed

for a capacity to carry 210 l/s of water between the deep wells and the currently used water service reservoir DM2, with a capacity of 1000 m3, with the financial support of Bank of Provinces. The transmitted water is distributed to the currently available water supply network by gravity. Within the project components, a new service reservoir is planned to have a higher storage capacity of 5000 m3. When the new service reservoir is completed, the water abstracted from the deep wells in Sar�lar region will be directed to this new service reservoir and it will be supplied to the water distribution network.

• In the south part of Il�ca district (in the south of Alanya-Antalya highway) there

are hotels and resorts and the area is highly developed for tourism. There is wastewater collection system and treatment plant serving for the southern part of Il�ca district. The treatment plant is operated by MATAB (Association of Manavgat Tourism Infrastructure), a union of municipalities in Manavgat region, where Il�ca Municipality is also a member. In the northern side of Alanya-Antalya highway, there is no wastewater collection system and the watewater is disposed in septic tanks. Construction of wastewater collection system is planned within the components of the proposed project and the collected wastewater will be directed to the wastewater treatment plant, in the south of the region, which is operated by MATAB.

Despite the importance of the above mentioned project needs, the district lacks financial resources to realize the project components. During the accession period to European Union, Bank of Provinces has applied to World Bank within the context of “Municipality Services Project” to get IBRD Credit for the improvement of environmental infrastructure systems. Bank of Provinces has allocated an amount of 3.836.986 � of this credit to finance “Water and Sanitation Project” of Manavgat-Il�ca Municipality. Within this context, water supply and wastewater collection network projects of northern part of Il�ca have been designed and the projects were approved by Planning

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and Transportation Directorate of Bank of Provinces in February 2005. In this project, the existing infrastructure systems will be improved and also new networks will be constructed where needed. The main objectives of the project are as follows:

(a) To implement the prescribed infrastructure systems: Renewal of the existing water supply network, construction of new water supply, wastewater and storm water collection networks.

(b) With the completion of the wastewater collection system, environmental and public health conditions will be improved due to minimization of water pollution risks

(c) With the renewal of the existing water supply network and construction of new lines, both existing and planned tourism facilities will be supplied with sufficient water adequate in quantity and quality till 2040

(d) With the renewal of the existing water supply network and construction of new lines, efficient use of existing water resources will be achieved that minimizes water losses and also delays high costly water supply projects for a rapidly growing area

(e) Development of new institutional structures for the management of water and wastewater services

(f) Implementing appropriate cost-based policies to realize provision of all municipality services by Il�ca Municipality in a self-sufficient way.

The aim of this Environmental Management Plan study is to evaluate the environmental impacts of the planned project works according to Turkish Environmental Legislations and Operational Policies of World Bank OP 4.01 and also to propose mitigation measures to minimize the environmental impacts.

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SECTION 2: ILICA WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECT

2.1 Project Components 2.1.1 Service Reservoir Volume and location of the reservoir are explained in the Water Transmission Line Final Project approved on April 25, in 2005. Currently, municipal water is pumped from TMY4, TMY5, TMY6 and TMY7 deep wells, which are in the western side of Manavgat River, to DM2 service reservoir. This reservoir is located at an elevation of 74.30 m above mean sea level and has a capacity of 1000 m3. The new service reservoir DY1 will be constructed at an elevation of 78.30 m above mean sea level and it has a capacity of 5000 m3. When the new service reservoir is completed, the existing DM2 reservoir will be out of service. The total reservoir volume was calculated as 4896 m3 based on a flow rate of 210 l/s for the future design year of 2040 and the future population of 87600. This calculated value is rounded to 5000 m3. Disinfection of water will be accomplished by liquid chlorine as use of this chemical is common for small communities in Turkey due to safety reasons. The disinfection building is located beside the service reservoir. A junction pipe (Ø800 mm diameter PE100) has been laid recently between the existing (DM2) and the new (DY1) service reservoirs. 2.1.2 Water Supply Network Within the project conponents, the water supply network of the residential area, which has a length of 21 320 m, is to be replaced and/or constructed by using 100-200 mm HDPE pipes. Additionally, water supply network of the future settlement areas, which has a total length of 81 045 m are to be constructed during the implementation of the project. Figures 2.1(a) presents the planned water supply network components. 2.1.3 Sanitation System In Il�ca there is no wastewater collection system. Therefore new wastewater collection network and a pumping station will be constructed. The contents of the planned project are as follows:

• Construction of approximately 11.87 km length of pipes with a diameter of 200-300 mm HDPE and

• Construction of approximately 2.57 km length of collector pipes with a diameter of 500-600 mm HDPE and

• Construction of approximately 322 inspection manholes • Construction of TM-1 pumping station • Construction of approximately 767 parcel manholes

The collected wastewater of Il�ca will be directed to Kumköy Wastewater Treatment Plant with a capacity of 50 000 m3/day. The current amount of wastewater treated at this plant is about 17 000 m3/day and the maximum operational wastewater inflow is about 22 000 m3/day for the summer months. The remaining capacity is reserved for the nearby residential areas, including Il�ca, in which new sewers are planned for the future. The layout of the main collector pipeline which will be constructed along the northern part of Antalya-Alanya Highway is shown in Figure 2.1 (b).

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Figure 2.1 (a) Planned water supply system and its components

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Figure 2.1 (b) Planned wastewater collection system

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2.1.4 Storm water Collection System In the planned project of Il�ca Municipality, there are no storm water collection and discharge systems. However, a new project will be designed for storm water collection system which will serve for the whole area of Il�ca Municipality. Collected storm water is planned to be discharged to Il�ca Creek near Il�ca Bridge via main collector pipes, to be laid in parallel to the wastewater main collectors as presented in Figure 2.1 (c).

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Figure 2.1 (c) Planned storm water collection system

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SECTION III: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF PLANNED WATER SUPPLY, WASTEWATER AND STORM WATER COLLECTION SYSTEMS

Within the scope of the Environmental Management Plan (EMP), possible environmental risks and impacts are investigated in the impact area of the planned project. The main principles of EMP study were to evaluate project alternatives based on design, location, improvement of planning and application approaches, prevention of environmental adverse impacts, mitigation measures to minimize adverse impacts and to maximize the beneficial impacts. Some components of the project (water intake structures, transmission line, connection pipelines between reservoirs) have been already completed. Settlement plan of the new residential area is also ready. In this respect, it was not possible to evaluate different project alternatives for the completed parts. In the scope of the study, the existing water supply and wastewater collection systems, project area, the existing facilities and infrastructure systems were investigated thoroughly. The adverse and beneficial impacts of the project on the environment were investigated for implementation and operation stages. The possible environmental impacts during construction and operation of the water service reservoir and networks are shown in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1 Possible environmental impacts during construction and operation of the water service reservoir and networks

Possible Effects Construction Operation Traffic -- 0 Air Quality - -/++ Noise -- - Damage on land-use and landscape -- +++ Waste Producing -- +++ Water Quality and Supply - +++ Health and Safety for residents* - ++ Archeological, Cultural and Natural Heritages

- 0

Socio-economic - +++ +++ High level positive impact ++ Moderate level positive impact+ Low level positive impact 0 Uncertain effect * Health and Safety for operators involved in chlorination process will be discussed later.

- - - High level adverse impact - - Moderate level adverse impact - Low level adverse impact

Table 3.2 presents short and long term possible impacts on the environment during construction and operation stages of the project.

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Table 3.2 Classification of possible environmental impacts

Category Stage Time period (year)

Possible environmental impact parameter

Short term

Construction < 1 • Intensive traffic during transportation of excavation wastes.

• Transportation problems due to excavations • Air quality (dust and particulate production due to

excavations) • Noise (due to excavation and its transportation) • Damage on land-use and landscape • Waste production (excavation and construction site

wastes and others) • Water quality (surface and groundwater pollution

risks from excavation wastes, possible infiltration to water supply networks and water loss from network)

• Health and safety for residents and workers • Damage on archeological, cultural and natural

heritages (some damage risks on nature, damage on archeological and cultural heritages is not expected)

• Socioeconomic (adverse impacts can be reduced by public participation and briefing about benefits of the project)

Long term

Operation > 2 • Noise (noise in the pumping station) • Waste production (may occur during maintenance

and repair) • Water quality and supply (water quality and

hydraulic parameters should be monitored continuously in water supply network)

• Health and safety for consumers (attention should be given to chlorination, water quality should be monitored for recreational usage)

• Health and safety for the operators of service reservoir (attention should be given for handling of chlorine)

• Socioeconomic (the support for the project is expected to increase with the increase of living standards)

3.1 Water Service Reservoir 3.1.1 Construction Stage The planned areas for water service reservoir and the networks for water supply, wastewater collection and storm water collection are within officially approved settlement areas and they are partly occupied. No adverse impact is expected on the flora and fauna of the region. Additionally, there is no expected adverse impact on the cultural and ancient heritages. The possible wastes, to be generated during the construction stage, are listed below:

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• Excavation wastes: The principal environmental effect in the course of the construction of the reservoir is excavation wastes. It is important that these wastes will be transported to appropriate dumping areas which will be defined by Il�ca Municipality. For minimization and control of these wastes, the directions of Regulations on Control of Excavation Material, Construction and Demolition Wastes will be followed (Turkish Ministry of Environment and Forestry).

• Domestic solid wastes and wastewater: During the construction of the service reservoir, solid wastes and wastewater generated by the workers within the construction site should be taken into consideration. The municipal solid wastes and wastewater generated in the construction area should be collected. Some office wastes are to be produced at construction site.

• Waste oil: For the waste oil generated from heavy construction equipments, the directions of Regulations on Control of Waste Oil should be applied.

• Noise: Noise can be considered as an important environmental adverse impact during the construction stage. Particularly, excavation operations are expected to produce loud noise. Heavy construction equipments needed for the construction of the service reservoir can be identified as another important noise source. Noise levels of some heavy construction equipments are given in Table 3.3.

Table 3.3 Noise levels of some heavy construction equipments

Noise source Noise level (dB)

Trucks 85 Diesel scrapers and bulldozers (100-450 kW) 120 Diesel dozer shovels (40-60 kW) 110 Diesel vibrating rollers 110 Mixers 115 Concrete pumps 115 Tractor 120 Grader 120 Jackhammer 125 Fix compressor 115 Loaders 115 Gears 95 Electric engines 105 Pumps 120

In compliance with the Regulations on Assessment and Management of Environmental Noise in Turkey, article 20 (a) and article 28 defines the upper limit values for in-door noise levels for residential areas within the boundaries of official settlement areas and these limit values are presented in Table 3.4.

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Table 3.4 The limit values for in-door noise level

Area Usage Leq (dBA)

Duration (Hour)

Theater halls 30 Continuously Cinema halls 30 Continuously Concert halls 25 Continuously

Cultural facility areas

Conference halls 30 Continuously Hospitals, dispensers, policlinic, asylum for the aged and etc.

35 Continuously Health care facility areas

Resting and treatment rooms 25 Continuously Classrooms, preschool building interiors, laboratories, private education facilities, education buildings for handicapped people, etc.

35

During lecture

Gymnasiums and dining hall 55 Throughout the activity

Education facility areas

Preschool bedrooms 30 During sleeping Bedrooms of hotel, motel, holiday village, pension, etc.

30 During sleeping Tourism settling area

Restaurants in guests house 35 Throughout meal Protected area

Archeological, natural, urban, historical, etc. 55 Continuously

Large office 35 During construction

Meeting halls 35 During construction Big typewriter or computer rooms 60 During construction Game rooms 60 Throughout the game Private office (practical) 50 During construction General office (accounting and writing parts) 60 During construction Business centers, shops, etc. 60 During construction Commercial storing 45 During activity

Commercial areas

Restaurants 45 During construction Offices 45 During the construction Laboratories 45 During construction Meeting halls 35 During construction

Public organizations

Computer rooms 45 During construction Recreational ground

Gymnasium and swimming-pools 55 During activity

Bedrooms (in the city) 40 Throughout night Bedrooms (out of the city) 35 Throughout night Living rooms (in the city) 55 Throughout day-evening Living rooms (out of the city) 40 Throughout day-evening Living rooms (near the city) 45 Throughout day-evening

Housing spaces

Service parts (kitchen) (in,out and near the city) 60 During activity

In-door noise limit values, as presented in Table 3.4, are valid for closed window condition. Corrections are required for open window conditions and different time zones during the day. According to the prescribed information about noise levels, in-door noise levels are expected to be exceeded during construction activities. However the noise generated by the construction activities may not be continuous and the noise level will decrease as the distance from the source is increased. Table 3.5 presents the change of noise density with respect to distance for different heavy construction equipments. The nearby local residents are expected to be affected adversely by the noise generated during construction and excavation operations.

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Table 3.5 The change of noise intensity of heavy construction equipments with distance

Excavator Auger Truck BulldozerSand

Screen

Distance from source (m) Maximum Noise Density in Source (dBA) 5 90 82 63 74 91 10 84 76 57 68 85 20 78 70 51 62 79 30 74 66 47 58 75 40 72 64 45 56 73 50 70 62 43 54 71 70 67 59 40 51 68

100 64 56 37 48 65 150 60 52 33 44 61 200 58 50 31 42 59 300 54 46 27 38 55 400 52 44 25 36 53 900 45 37 18 29 46

• Dust Emission: Excavation activities and wastes may cause dust emission in the nearby area during construction of service reservoir.

• Health and safety: All precautions should be taken for the workers’ health

and safety in compliance with Labor Law number 4857 especially during the operation of heavy construction equipments and others. Additionally, residents and tourists should not be allowed to enter the construction site. Uncovered reservoir area and road excavation sites are dangerous during construction. Warning sings will be provided during day and nights to maintain a safer construction site for residents and visitors.

3.1.2 Operation Stage No adverse environmental impact is expected to occur during the operation of service reservoir. The preservation of high water quality within the water supply network should be aimed by realization of disinfection with chlorine. Water will be transferred from service reservoir to water supply network by gravity. An electric generator is needed in the reservoir building in case of electricity cut off. During the operation of the generator, the doors of the building should be kept closed to prevent noise pollution. As chlorine is a poisonous chemical, unauthorized access will lead to serious health impacts. Technical training should be given to the operators of service reservoir. The operators should use protective clothes (gloves, masks etc.) during handling and operation. Chlorine storage tanks will be continuously monitored against leakage and the storage area will be ventilated properly.

.

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3.2 Water Supply Network 3.2.1 Construction Stage

As explained in Stage 3.1.1, during the construction of all project components, the following wastes are expected to be generated.

• Excavation wastes

Water supply network study in Il�ca Municipality will be held in two stages and the total pipeline length is 102365 m. Due to excavation and filling of the pipe trenches along the whole pipeline, some amount of excavation wastes will be generated. Table 3.6 presents the expected excavation waste volumes during 1st and 2nd stages of network construction. Different excavation and filling materials are needed for different pipe diameters as presented in Table 3.6. An example of an excavation and filling system is illustrated in Figure 3.1. The amount of waste material is estimated as 9, 092 m3 during 1st stage of the construction and 30998 m3 during 2nd stage of the construction. For transportation of waste material, 450-500 transfers of trucks in 1st stage and 1500-1600 transfers of trucks in 2nd stage of the construction will be needed for a single truck carrying capacity of 20 m3. As the construction site is within the residential areas, transportation of the wastes should be arranged on an appropriate calendar and realized in appropriate time-intervals (06:00-22:00). The wastes are to be disposed in a proper location defined by Il�ca Municipality. A dumping area should be identified by the m�nicipality, before the start of the construction.

Figure 3.1 Illustration for excavation and filling (D = 160 mm)

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Table 3.6 Estimated amount of excavation and total waste material during excavation and filling

Pipe diameter

(mm) Pipe length

(m)

Unit excavation

area (m2)

Unit filling area (m2)

Unit excavation

waste amount (m3)

*

Total excavation

waste amount (m3) **

110 16,390 0.7560 0.420 0.3360 5507 140 2,117 0.7740 0.420 0.3540 749

160*** 520 0.7860 0.420 0.3660 190 225 161 0.8694 0.441 0.4284 69 280 0 0.9724 0.476 0.4964 0 355 354 1.1476 0.532 0.6156 218 450 1,620 2.1546 0.882 1.2726 2062 560 0 2.6226 0.987 1.6356 0

1VW S

TAG

E

710 158 2.9250 1.050 1.8750 296

Total Waste Amount in 1st Stage 9092 110 64,341 0.7560 0.420 0.3360 21619 140 9,949 0.7740 0.420 0.3540 3522 160 1,501 0.7860 0.420 0.3660 549 225 1,435 0.8694 0.441 0.4284 615 280 758 0.9724 0.476 0.4964 376 355 0 1.1476 0.532 0.6156 0 450 2,109 2.1546 0.882 1.2726 2684 560 635 2.6226 0.987 1.6356 1039

2QG S

TAG

E

710 317 2.9250 1.050 1.8750 594 Total Waste Amount in 2nd Stage 30998 * Unit Waste Material = Unit Excavation Area – Unit Filling Area ** Total Waste Material = Unit Waste Material * Pipe Length *** See Figure 3.1

• Domestic solid wastes and wastewater

The solid wastes to be generated during construction stage can be listed as wastes from machines (waste oils, tires, etc.) and domestic wastes and office wastes from construction sites. Office and domestic wastes should be collected according to Regulations on Solid Waste Management and transported to municipality landfill area. Based on a daily solid waste production rate of 1.2 kg per capita and a total number of 50 employees, daily solid waste production is estimated as 60 kg. The type of wastes, different from domestic and office wastes, should be collected separately and stored in impervious storage areas. These wastes should be directed to licensed facilities.

During construction, based on a water consumption rate of 50 L per capita per day and a total number of 50 employees in the site, daily wastewater production can be calculated as follows:

daymdayLcapitaxdaycapitaLQ /5.2/250050./50 3===

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The generated wastewater should be collected in impervious tanks and transported to wastewater treatment plant by vacuum tankers of the Municipality.

• Waste oil For the waste oil generated from heavy construction equipments, the directions of Regulations on Control of Waste Oil should be applied.

• Noise

Construction noise can be considered as an important adverse environmental impact for residents. Particularly, excavations during the construction stage will cause intensive noise due to operation of heavy construction equipments. Noise levels of some heavy construction equipments are given in Table 3.3.

3.2.2 Operation Stage No adverse environmental impacts are expected to occur during operation of water supply network. However, in case of any maintenance or service failure, drainage valves may be opened to drain the network system which may cause flushing of water into the streets. Some drainage pipes need to be supplied in order to direct flushing water into storm water collection system.

3.3 Sanitation System 3.3.1 Construction Stage

• Excavation Wastes Wastewater collection networks study in Il�ca Municipality will be held in two stages. Since gravity flow of wastewater is preferred for the collection system, excavations will be more as compared to water supply network. Thus, more excavation wastes are expected to be generated during construction of wastewater collection system. Excavation wastes are the most important wastes expected to occur during construction. Estimated amount of waste excavation and total waste material during excavation and filling are presented in Table 3.7 during the 1st and 2nd construction stages. The amount of waste material is estimated as 13055 m3 during 1st stage of the construction and 41850 m3 during 2nd stage of the construction. For the transportation of generated waste material, 600-700 transfers of trucks in 1st stage and 2000 transfers of trucks in 2nd stage of the construction will be needed for a single truck carrying capacity of 20 m3. The wastes are to be disposed in a proper location defined by Il�ca Municipality. A dumping area should be identified before the start of the construction.

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Table 3.7 Estimated amount of waste excavation and total waste material during excavation and filling

STAGE Excavation (m3) Filling (m3) Total waste amount *

(m3) 1 44425 31370 13055 2 136000 94150 41850

*Total waste amount = Excavation – Filling




daymdayLcapitaxdaycapitaLQ /5.2/250050./50 3=== The generated wastewater should be collected in impervious tanks and transported to wastewater treatment plant by vacuum tankers of the Municipality.

• Waste oils

For the waste oil generated from heavy construction equipments, the directions of Waste Oil Control Regulations should be applied.

• Noise Construction noise can be considered as an important adverse environmental impact for residents. Particularly, excavations during the construction stage will cause intensive noise due to operation of heavy construction equipments. Noise levels of some heavy construction equipments are given in Table 3.3.

3.3.2 Operation Stage No adverse environmental impacts are expected to occur during operation of wastewater collection network. The operation of TM1 pumping station may cause some noise during operation. The pumps need to be operated when the doors of the pumping house are closed.

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3.4 Storm water Collection Networks 3.4.1 Construction Stage

• Excavation Wastes The wastes are to be disposed off in a proper location defined by Il�ca Municipality. A dumping area should be identified before the start of the construction.




daymdayLcapitaxdaycapitaLQ /5.2/250050./50 3=== The generated wastewater should be collected in impervious tanks and transported to wastewater treatment plant by vacuum tankers of the Municipality.

• Waste oils

For the waste oil generated from heavy construction equipments, the directions of Regulations on Control of Waste Oil should be applied.

• Noise

Construction noise can be considered as an important adverse environmental impact for residents. Particularly, excavations during the construction stage will cause intensive noise due to operation of heavy construction equipments. Noise levels of some heavy construction equipments are given in Table 3.3.

3.4.2 Operation Stage Upon completion of the storm water collection system, no adverse effect of rainfall runoff will be observed within the residential areas. Storm water collection system is planned to be constructed as a separate system and the discharge of the collected storm water will be directed to Il�ca Creek. As the drainage area is rather small and the volume of collected storm water amount is estimated to be low, no serious pollution is expected in Il�ca Creek and the Mediterranean Sea where Il�ca Creek discharges.

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SECTION IV: M�t�gat�on MEASURES OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

4.1 Study Approach Within the scope of this environmental management plan study, potential environmental risks and impacts have been analyzed.

In the preparation stage of the environmental management plan, project design, project location, planning and implementation alternatives of the project were analyzed to remediate the existing project, to reduce or eliminate the environmental impacts. Alternatives were considered to increase the positive effects. The project components are construction of water supply, sanitation, and storm water collection systems where some constituents of these systems have already been completed (water intake structures, transmission line, connection pipelines between the reservoirs). Additionally a settlement plan for a new development area (second stage) of the municipality already exists. Consequently, it is not feasible to consider the project alternatives on the development area. In the scope of the study, existing water distribution and wastewater collection systems, project site, existing plants and infrastructure have been analyzed. Mitigation measures have been defined and proposed to reduce the expected adverse environmental impacts of the project. The mitigation plan and measures have been defined for construction and operation stages of the project.

4.2 Mitigation Plan and Measures for Drinking Water Service Reservoir Mitigation plan and measures for the service reservoir are given in different titles below which covers both construction and operation stages. 4.2.1 Service Reservoir: Mitigation Plan and Measures for Construction Stage The purpose of a service reservoir is to constitute an extra volume of drinking water to meet the fluctuations of drinking water demand of consumers. The amount of the drinking water demand could vary in temporal scale and also with different environmental conditions. Furthermore, fire demand is also provided from the service reservoirs. The location of a reservoir directly affects water pressure in a water distribution network. Besides, service reservoirs are proper sites for disinfection (chlorination) of drinking water to maintain the bacteriological water quality. To meet the required chlorine residual in the water distribution network, chlorination system in the reservoir should operate continuously. Important environmental impacts and other important issues of the construction stage are listed below:

1. Project components which should be considered in early construction stage 2. Control and reduction of excavation wastes in construction stage 3. Control of solid and liquid wastes in construction stage 4. Control of waste oil in construction stage 5. Control or reduction of environmental noise in construction stage 6. Control and reduction of dust and air pollution in construction stage 7. Measures for health and safety in construction stage 8. Measures for control of traffic in construction stage 9. Measures for degradation of visual environment

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1. Project components which should be considered in early construction stage: Project components which should be considered in the early construction stage of the service reservoir are given below: - Manoeuvre Chamber: Manoeuvre chamber in a built-in reservoir should be able to

distribute the water stored in the reservoir to the network and provide drainage when required. Manoeuvre chamber should include inflow pipe from water transmission system, outflow pipe to the distribution network, bottom weir and spillway pipes, stairs, measurement devices and valves.

- Reservoir Inflow: In reservoirs which have volumes greater then 100 m3, inflow pipes should be located considering the slope and soil type of the terrain. For built-in reservoirs, direct inflow of the water to the reservoir is not desired and it should be through a maneuver chamber.

- Light: Direct light penetration to the reservoir should be avoided. - Aeration: Aeration manholes should be constructed to provide the aeration of the

reservoir water. For the reservoirs up to 1000 m3 capacity, a ventilation hall should be constructed for every 20 m3 capacity. For higher volumes, a ventilation hall should be maintained for every 40 m3 capacity.

- Drainage: Drainage systems should be considered to avoid infiltration from surface and groundwater to the reservoir.

2. Control and reduction of excavation wastes in construction stage: To control the environmental impacts of excavation wastes generated during construction of the water reservoir, compliance with Article 14 (Measures during Excavation Activities) of Regulations on Control of Excavation Material, Construction and Demolition Wastes (Ministry of Environment and Forestry) is required. According to Article 14, contractors who are responsible from excavation work are also responsible to take measures to reduce dust emissions, noise pollution and visual problems. It is also indicated in the article that, the responsible part is obliged to enclose the construction site. During excavation operations, the volume of excavated material should be planned to equalize the filling part and the excavated material should be used primarily in the construction site. Activity owners have the rights to store the excavation material in the construction site temporarily, if the activity covers an area of 2000 m2 excluding the construction site. Activity owner should preserve natural drainage systems and take measures against erosion. Activity owners are also responsible for protection of the buildings, natural drainage systems, energy and telecommunication lines, pavement and road cover near the construction site. Top soil and deep soil should be collected separately. The slope of the area where the top soil will be stored should not exceed a value of 5%. During collection and transportation of excavation wastes, compliance with Article 16 of Regulations on Control of Excavation Material, Construction and Demolition Wastes is required. According to Article 16, if the amount of the generated waste is greater than 2 tons, activity owners have to be certified by the municipality. Activity owner is responsible to provide temporary storage containers in construction site. Storage containers should be placed in construction sites by certified companies which have the required licenses to collect and store the municipal wastes. Hazardous and domestic wastes should be disposed off in separate containers. The container should be transferred to the disposal site by certified companies after completion of storage capacity of the container. It is required to comply with the Article 23 of Regulations on Control of Excavation Material, Construction and Demolition Wastes for the issue of “Waste Transport and Certification”. If the amount of the generated waste is greater than 2 tons, activity owners have to be certified according to the “Waste Transport and Certification” as

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described in the Article 23. Also compliance with the Articles 24 and 25 are required for certification and transportation purposes. 3. Control of solid and liquid wastes in construction stage of the reservoir: Measures to control and reduce solid and liquid wastes, generated by the workers in the construction stage, will be proposed individually. Solid wastes generated in the construction site should be stored in containers and disposed off on a daily basis. Impervious septic tanks should be constructed to dispose the domestic wastewater produced in the construction site. Septic tanks should be drawn off and the septage is to be transferred by vacuum tankers to the existing wastewater treatment plant. 4. Control of waste oil in construction stage of the reservoir: Directions in the context of Regulations on Control of Waste Oil (Ministry of Environment and Forestry) should be applied for waste oil, generated by heavy construction machines. Waste oil includes, oil utilized in vehicles (petrol engine, diesel engine, transmission and differential gear, two-cycle motor, hydraulic brake, antifreeze, grease and other vehicle oil), industrial waste oil (hydraulic system, turbine, compressor oil, industrial grease, etc.) and contaminated oil. Temporary on-site storage of waste oil is suggested and all the handling procedures should comply with the regulations in the Articles 19 and 20 of Regulations on Control of Waste Oil. The proposed containers should be equipped with volume gauges, mechanisms against excess loads and rain water protection. Waste oil containers should provide easy load and unload. 5. Control and reduction of environmental noise in construction stage of the reservoir: It is known that equipments used in construction work are serious noise pollution sources. Regulations on noise levels of construction equipments and noise criteria for the construction sites are given in context of Regulations on Evaluation and Management of Environmental Noise (Ministry of Environment and Forestry), with Articles 15 and 26 respectively. In addition, noise levels of construction equipments should also comply with the directions specified in Regulations on Noise Emissions of the Equipments Used in Outdoor Construction Sites (Ministry of Industry and Trade).

According to Regulations on Evaluation and Management of Environmental Noise, Article 26, noise levels according to activity type in the construction site should not exceed the noise level limits given in Table 4.1.

Table 4.1 Environmental noise level limits in the construction site

Type of activity (construction, demolition, reconstruction)

Ldaytime (dBA)

Building 70 Highway 75 Other sources 70

The maximum impulse noise (Lc-max) should not exceed the value of 100 dBA. In residential areas, project activity should be carried on in daytime (07:00-19:00) and activities should be prohibited outside the daytime. Activity owner should inform the schedule and plan of the construction activity to the public.

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The required measures to reduce and control environmental noise are listed below: - Enclosing the construction site - Planning appropriate time schedules for the activities which cause high levels of

noise - Informing public about the activities with high levels of noise before the activity

starts. - Maintenance of the roads to reduce noise that may arise from transportation

activities - To avoid high speeds of transportation vehicles which carry excavation material - Choosing equipments with low noise levels (using silencer or noise absorber

materials if possible) - Maintenance of the equipments and construction machines 6. Control and reduction of dust and air pollution in construction stage of the reservoir: Dust formation and air pollution are expected environmental impacts during the construction of the reservoir. Enclosing the construction site with a barrier would be useful to reduce the environmental impacts of dust and other pollutants. As the amount of excavation material is expected to be low, it is proposed that it will be transported immediately out of construction site. If covered vehicles are used for transportation of waste material, formation of dust and other pollutants could be avoided. Regulations and standards on “Dust Emissions” are specified in Article 21 of Regulations on Control of Excavation Material, Construction and Demolition Wastes. In this context, compliance with the contents of the above mentioned regulation is required. The required measures to reduce air pollution during the construction activities are listed below:

• Enclosing the construction site • Choosing roofed or covered zones for mixing operations • Careful operation during material unloading • Watering of the material to prevent dust formation during material storage • Reuse of the excavated material for backfilling • Reconstruction of the green areas in case of destruction during the project

works • Reconstruction of the road cover on the routes where transportation of

excavated material is carried out, keeping the routes clear • Increasing the number of truck transfers to reduce total period of noise

exposure • To avoid high speeds of transportation vehicles which carry excavation material • Maintenance of equipment and construction machines

7. Health and safety measures in construction stage of the reservoir: Health and safety measures should secure primarily the workers, residents of the area and operational staff of the network system against potential accidents and blasts in construction and operation stages. In this context, contractor should comply with the requirements and measures denoted in 4857 numbered Labor Law and its regulations. Labor Law is a very comprehensive law to manage all the legal, social, health and safety aspects and the objective of this Law is to regulate the rights and obligations regarding working conditions and work environment of employers and workers employed based on a labor contract. Part 4 "Arrangement of Work" of this law describes working conditions in terms of working period, starting and finishing times of daily working, night period and nighttime working. Part 5 "Labor Health and Safety" describes all related actions to maintain and regulate health and safety issues. As an example, obligations of employers and workers are described in Article 77 as follows:

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“The employers are obliged to take all measures, make available all equipment required to ensure labor health and safety at workplaces, and the workers to comply with such measures as taken for labor health and safety. The employers are obliged to check whether the measures taken for labor health and safety are complied with or not, to keep the workers informed of occupational risks they are exposed to, measures to be taken, and their legal rights and obligations, and to train them on issues relating to labor health and safety”. Additional directions for health and safety can be found in PART 5. The measures should include, protective equipments (clothing, mask, helmet etc.), and define work priorities for construction machines (working hours and conditions). Warning signs should be placed in the construction site to protect the residents and visitors. The roads to be closed and their duration should be announced earlier. Alternative access roads should be arranged. Prevention measures and warning signs should be arranged especially for the crowded regions around the main connection roads. The construction sites with open channels and routes should be indicated against accidents. Some of the required health and safety measures during the construction activities are listed below:

• Construction of pedestrian lanes • Locating appropriate signs and warnings • Using protective clothing and equipment (e.g. helmet, goggles, safety shoes

etc.) • Constituting security zones in risky construction sites

8. Measures for traffic in construction stage of the reservoir: The required measures to control traffic during the construction activities are given below:

• Informing public about the works especially on the arterial roads before the work begins

• Defining alternative routes for trucks and construction machines • Placing attention and warning signs at least 500 m ahead of the construction

site • Transportation of materials and machines in off-peak hours for regions of

heavy traffic 9. Measures against deterioration of land and visual environment in construction stage of the reservoir: The required measures against deterioration of land and visual environment during the construction activities are given below:

• Preventing deterioration of the natural environment as much as possible • Screening the visual effects by enclosing the construction site • Storing materials in roofed or covered zones • Reconstruction of the destructed roads, pavements, gardens etc.

4.2.2 Service Reservoir: Mitigation Plan and Measures for Operation Stage Drinking water service reservoirs are appropriate units for chlorination of water distributed in the water distribution network. Service reservoirs also provide extra storage of drinking water to meet the fluctuations in water demands. However, water reservoirs should not store the water for long periods of time and it is not proper to retain water in the reservoir for long periods of time. In this section, mitigation plan and measures will be presented along with the required monitoring program.

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- Disinfection of drinking water reservoir collection chambers: Debris and other construction wastes should be removed. Walls and water related equipments should be well cleaned. During disinfection of transmission line and water distribution network, chlorinated water should retain in the reservoir for 24 hours and the water samples collected from the reservoir after this period of time should contain 10 ppm of residual chlorine. - Chlorine dosage and handling: Sufficient amount of chlorine should be applied into the reservoir to provide 0.1-0.5 mg/l residual chlorine in the water distribution network. A dosage pump could be located in the reservoir with sufficient chlorine dosage capacity related to the water consumption rate of the network. A spare dosage pump would be useful against potential failure or maintenance. In this application liquid chlorine is preferred to gas chlorine due to safety reasons. The liquid chlorine is highly corrosive if it gets contaminated with moisture. Therefore, all piping and equipment for handling liquid chlorine must be designed with an adequate corrosion allowance. Protection must also be afforded to external surfaces to prevent corrosion. Chlorine piping must be dried before put into commission. It must also be degreased because chlorine reacts vigorously with grease and similar materials. Dry or wet chlorine should never be handled in polyvinyl chloride and polypropylene. Wet chlorine can be handled in equipment made up of glass or some special kind of plastics. Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP) is generally used for wet chlorine piping. Polyvinylidine Fluoride (PVDF) is suitable for both wet and dry chlorine. Precautions 1. Leaking chlorine cylinders should never be handled with water. Water will make chlorine react and wet chlorine is highly corrosive. 2. Pipelines and other equipment should be dried before introducing chlorine gas. The open end of any disconnected piping should be plugged to prevent entry of moisture. 3. When chlorine is being absorbed in a liquid, there is a danger of the liquid being drawn back into the empty container due to the creation of a partial vacuum. These situations can be avoided by using a barometric leg. The barometric leg will serve as a vacuum breaking device preventing the liquid from back flowing. The following precautions should be considered for the safe storage of chlorine:

• Chlorine containers should be stored in an indoor fire resistant building. • Chlorine containers (empty or full) should be stored in a dry, well ventilated

area and away from a heat source. • Containers should never be stored along with acids and other substances which

enhance corrosion. • Chlorine containers should never be kept alongside with inflammable

substances. • Safety and emergency kits should always be ready and accessible in a chlorine

storage area. • A suitable ventilation and air circulation system should be provided in a storage

area. • Chlorine gas is about 2.5 times as heavy as air, thus a spill of the gas will stay

close to the ground once released. Therefore, the suction from ventilation fans should be near the ground level. Fresh air inlets should be provided for cross ventilation and to prevent the development of a buildup of vapor in the storage area.

• Unobstructed access from two opposite entrances should be provided in a chlorine storage area.

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• A fire resistant storage area is recommended and subsurface area should be avoided.

• Chlorine cylinders should be in the vertical positions for emptying in the gas phase. The cylinders should be inclined at an angle 60° to the horizontal for discharging in the liquid phase. Further, the cylinders should be tightly clamped during inclined empting.

• The operators who are involved in handling and operation of chlorination should be technically trained and equipped with protective clothing (masks, goggles, etc.).

- Accessibility and Security of the Reservoir: Reservoir should be constructed close to the residential areas to avoid negative external effects; however, it should not be affected from dust or other pollutants. A proper road should be constructed to provide easy access to the reservoir. Reservoir area should be enclosed with a fence system and all types of activities including transportation, housing, farming, husbandry and etc. should be prohibited. Pollutant or contaminant transport to the reservoir area by the operational staff should be prevented. - Monitoring of the Reservoir: Water level should be continuously monitored in the reservoir. Measures should be adopted not to retain supplied water in the reservoir for long periods of time. A sampling tap should be located on the network outflow pipe to provide easy sampling of the water. Also a gauge should be located to determine the water consumption rates from the reservoir. Simultaneous monitoring of the reservoir water level and water pumps at the water intake can be realized by SCADA monitoring and management system. - Maintenance: It is suggested that, water reservoir will be constructed in two individual chambers. Consequently, at least one of the chambers will supply water to the drinking water network during maintenance or reconstruction.

4.3 Mitigation Plan and Measures for Drinking Water Network Mitigation plans and suggestions for the drinking water network will be presented for both construction and operation stages. Monitoring activities are important in operation stage of drinking water networks; therefore, in scope of the mitigation plan, monitoring and measurement plans are also proposed. 4.3.1 Drinking Water Network: Mitigation Plan and Measures for Construction

Stage The primary aim of drinking water distribution networks is to distribute the supplied water to the consumer without any degradation in water quality. In addition, the pollution risk between the resource and the consumers would be eliminated. In this respect, bacteriological water quality needs to be preserved in water distribution network by disinfection. Detailed information on the mentioned issue is given in the following sections:

1. Preserving water quality in water transmission line and water distribution network

2. Control and reduction of excavation wastes generated during construction and rehabilitation of water distribution network

3. Control and reduction of solid and liquid wastes generated during construction and rehalibitation of water distribution network

4. Control and reduction of waste oil generated during construction and rehabilitation of water distribution network

5. Control and reduction of environmental noise during construction and rehabilitation of water distribution network

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6. Control and reduction of dust and air pollution during construction and rehabilitation of water distribution network

7. Health and safety measures during construction and rehabilitation of water distribution network

8. Measures for control of traffic during construction and rehabilitation of water distribution network

9. Measures against deterioration of land and visual environment during construction and rehabilitation of water distribution network

1. Protecting drinking water quality within water transmission line and distribution network: i. Disinfection of water transmission line and distribution network: Disinfection of the whole system before operation is one of the major issues in Il�ca Water Supply Project. The regulations, related to disinfection of the system prior to operation, are published by Bank of Provinces (Regulations on Disinfection of Water Transmission Lines and Water Distribution Networks Before Operation, 1994). Within the contents of the regulations, the required procedure prior to operation is described below: ii. Construction Stage: - Pipes which will be used in drinking water distribution network should be kept clean. - After the construction stage, pipelines should be washed and disinfected with a strong disinfectant like chlorine (Bank of Provinces, 1994). - During installation of the pipes, ends of the pipes should be closed to prevent pollution of the pipes when the work day is over. During installation, if entrance of soil etc. material could not be prevented, pipe ends should be closed with temporary plugs. - Entrance of trench water into the network pipes should be avoided. For this purpose enough pumping capacity should be made available on site. - Materials used in joints of the pipes should be stored clean. The materials are to be installed in dry conditions and contamination of the material with tar, grease etc. should be avoided. iii. Cleaning and Disinfection of the Pipeline:

a. Initial cleaning: Pipeline should be cleaned with pressurized water after pressure tests and before disinfection process.

b. Cleaning of the valves: Valves and fire hydrants should be controlled after the initial cleaning. Any material like sand and gravel has to be removed during initial cleaning. c. Disinfection: Chlorinated water should retain in the pipeline and reservoir for 24 hours and residual chlorine concentration should be at least 10 ppm after 24 hours.

d. Appropriate locations to inject disinfectant in the pipeline: If joints are connected to an existing system, disinfectant should be injected between two valves of the new system. If the system is newly constructed, the best locations to apply the disinfectant could be pumping station of service reservoir. e. Injection velocity of the disinfectant into the pipeline: The pipe system which will be disinfected should be filled with chlorinated water. Chlorinated water should retain in the pipeline for 24 hours and the residual chlorine concentration should be at least 10 ppm after 24 hours. To obtain that concentration, a concentration of 25 ppm of chlorine could be applied. Table 4.2 presents the required chlorine dosages to disinfect the system with 25 ppm of chlorine for different diameter pipes for per 100 m (Bank of Provinces, 1994).

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Table 4.2 Chlorine dosage to disinfect the system with 25 ppm of chlorine for different diameter pipes for per 100 m (Bank of Provinces, 1994)

Pipe Diameter

(mm) Volume of the pipe for per

100 m pipe length (l) Chlorine quantity to provide 25 ppm chlorine concentration (g)

60 283 7075 75 442 1150 80 503 12575 100 785 19625 125 1227 30675 150 1767 44175 175 2405 60125 200 3142 78550 250 4909 122725 300 7069 176725 350 9621 240525 400 12566 314150

f. Duration of disinfection process: Chlorinated water should retain in the

pipeline and reservoir for 24 hours and the residual chlorine concentration should be at least 10 ppm after 24 hours. If retention of water for 24 hours is not possible, the chlorine dosage should be increased. For example, for a contact period of 1 hour, the chlorine concentration should be 100 ppm. However, application of high chlorine dosage has corrosion effect on pipes, valves and other equipment.

g. Disinfection of valves and fire hydrants: During disinfection of pipes, the

disinfection of valves and fire hydrants should be also provided. h. Final cleaning and tests: After disinfection process, the pipes should be

washed with reservoir water until no odor of chlorine remains in the water. Water samples taken from different locations of the system should meet the required characteristics two days after final cleaning. iv. Disinfection of the mechanical equipments: Pumps and other mechanical equipments should also be disinfected. Water related components of the equipments should be disinfected with lime or chlorine (20-25 ppm). During construction of a new network or rehabilitation of an existing network, the issues on;

• Control and reduction of excavation wastes • Control of solid and liquid wastes • Control of waste oil • Control and reduction of environmental noise • Control and reduction of dust and air pollution • Health and safety measures • Traffic measures • Measures against deterioration of land and visual environment are explained

in Section 4.2 Mitigation Plan and Measures for Drinking Water Service Reservoir. All suggestions given in that section are also valid for construction stage of the water network.

4.3.2 Drinking Water Network: Mitigation Plan and Measures for Operation

Stage The main goal for mitigation plan and measures of drinking water network operation is to protect water quality in the network.

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One of the major water quality problems in water distribution systems is bacteriological pollution. Therefore, residual chlorine concentration within the drinking water distribution networks should be between 0.1-0.5 ppm. To provide that concentration, adequate amount of disinfectant (chlorine) should be applied in service reservoir. In addition, measures should be adopted during maintenance and improvement activities to avoid pollution of drinking water. The existing drinking water resources of Il�ca Municipality are groundwater and it is classified as Class I according to TS266. Organoleptic, microbiological, chemical and indicator water quality parameters of Class I type of water resources are defined in TS266-Water for Human Consumption (Turkish Institute of Standardization, revised in 2005). Organoleptic, microbiological, chemical and indicator water quality parameters of the existing drinking water resources of Il�ca Municipality should comply with TS266. Water quality parameters of a new resource should comply with all parameters (organoleptic, microbiological and chemical) as given in Article 1.2. An existing water resource can be kept in service when the quality complies with indicator parameters as given in Article 1.2.4 (TS266, Turkish Institute of Standardization). In this respect, monitoring of water quality at the source is required to provide usage for human consumption. The water quality parameters which should be monitored at source and in the distribution network are presented in Table 4.3. Table 4.3 Water quality parameters for monitoring of water in the distribution network (TS266) Parameter Value for

groundwater sources

Unit Remark

Aluminum (max) 200 µg/L Ammonium, (max) 0.05 mg/L Chloride (max) 30 mg/L Clostridium perfringes

0 number/ 100 ml It is not required to comply with this standard if water is not taken from top or not affected from surface waters.

Color (max) 1 mg/L Pt-Co scale

No observable change in color.

Conductivity (at 20°C, max)

650 µS/cm

pH 6.5� pH � 9.5 pH unit Minimum pH value should be 4.5. Iron (max) 50 µg/L Manganese (max) 20 µg/L Odor No observable change in odor. Sulphate (max) 25 mg/L Sodium (max) 100 mg/L Taste No observable change in taste. Colony count (at 22°C) No observable change is required. Coliform bacteria 0 No/ 100 ml Total organic carbon No observable change is required. Turbidity, max 5 NTU If water is taken from surface

water resources, max allowable turbidity is 1.0 NTU.

Radioactivity, max - Tritium - Total indicator dose - Alpha activity - Beta activity

100 0,10 0,1 1

Bq/L

mSv/year Bq/L Bq/L

The standards for sample collection and analyses of all water quality parameters are defined and given in TS266. Il�ca Municipality is responsible for monitoring of water quality parameters described in TS266. To monitor water quality in the network, it is required to control and monitor the water quality at source, service reservoir, sampling points on the water

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distribution network and if necessary at consumers taps. All the water quality parameters given in Table 4.3 should be monitored in addition to residual chlorine in the distribution network. According to Regulations on Food Safety, Article 425-Part b. the residual chlorine should not exceed 0.5 mg/lt in the water distribution network. The minimum level of required residual chlorine is applied as 0.1 mg/lt in developed countries in Europe and United States of America. Within the project context, chlorination of water will be realized in a chlorination building built beside the newly constructed service reservoir DY2. The residual chlorine level should be kept between 0.1-0.5 mg/lt in the water distribution system. Another important issue that may affect water quality during network operation is frequent occurrences of electricity cut in the pressurized network where partial vacuum conditions can occur. As a result, infiltration of groundwater into the network is expected. When the pumps start to operate again, transport of contaminants to the users may happen.

4.4 Mitigation Plan and Measures for Sanitation System With respect to the sanitation network, mitigation plan is presented for both construction and operation stages. 4.4.1 Sanitation System: Mitigation Plan and Measures for Construction Stage A new wastewater collection system will be constructed for the northern part of Il�ca. The new sanitation system of Il�ca includes construction of a collection network and a pumping station for the whole settlement area. The elements of the project are as follows:

• Construction of pipes with 200-300 mm diameter HDPE and an approximate length of 11.87 km

• Construction of collector pipes with 500-600 mm diameter HDPE and an approximate length of 2.57 km

• Construction of approximately 322 inspection manholes • Construction of TM-1 pumping station • Construction of approximately 767 parcel manholes

Wastewater collected in Il�ca will be directed to Kumköy Wastewater Plant via main collector pipeline which will be constructed along the northern part of Antalya-Alanya Highway. Currently, wastewater disposal is achieved by use of septic tanks and the residents are not pleased with the use of septic tanks. With the construction of the sanitation system, a proper system will be available for collection of wastewater. This new system will provide important environmental benefits with respect to public health. Septic tank overflows may reach to roads, streets and gardens occasionally, causing environmental nuisance. The collected wastewater will be treated at Kumköy Wastewater Treatment Plant and discharged into the Mediterranean Sea by a sea outfall system. During construction of the sanitation system, attention should be given to the following issues:

• Control and reduction of excavation wastes • Control of solid and liquid wastes • Control of waste oil • Control and reduction of environmental noise • Control and reduction of dust and air pollution • Measures for health and security • Measures for control of traffic

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• Measures for deterioration of land and visual environment The details on the above issues have been previously described in Section 4.2. 4.4.2 Sanitation System: Mitigation Plan and Measures for Operation Stage During the operation of sanitation system, attention should be given to following issues. 1. Operation of Pumping Station: Generally, the domestic wastewater is preferred to be collected by gravity within the network to reduce operational costs. In case of Il�ca, the collection of wastewater will be realized by gravity and the collected wastewater will be conveyed to Kumköy Wastewater Treatment Plant through TM-1 pumping station which will be newly constructed. A spare pump is suggested for the pumping station and a pumping house should be constructed to control noise pollution. 2. Flushing manholes: Due to low wastewater flow rate in the upper ends of the pipes within the collection network, it is not possible to provide a minimum velocity of (0.5 m/s) in the pipeline. As a result, particulate materials may be settled in the pipes due to low velocities. To prevent this phenomenon, flushing with pressured water should be applied and particulate material should be dragged out at these locations. Construction of flushing manholes is suggested. The collected debris should be collected by a solid waste truck and transferred to the local sanitary landfill site in Manavgat to be buried.

4.5 Mitigation Plan and Measures for Storm water Collection System There is no infrastructure system in Il�ca for storm water collection and disposal in Il�ca. A section of a storm water collection system has been recently completed only for the main road of the district. The collected storm water will be collected in canals in the south of Il�ca and discharged to sea via Il�ca Creek. There is no information about storm water collection and disposal system in the current project proposal of Il�ca Municipality. Nevertheless, a new project is to be proposed to collect and dispose storm water in Il�ca. The collected storm water will be discharged to Il�ca Creek around Il�ca Bridge through the main collector system which is planned to be constructed in parallel to wastewater main collector system. Mitigation plan and measures will be presented for both construction and operation stages. During the operation of storm water collection system, disposal of the collected storm water to an appropriate receiving media has a great importance. 4.5.1 Storm water Collection System: Mitigation Plan and Measures for

Construction Stage During the construction of storm water collection system, attention should be given to following issues:

• Control and reduction of excavation wastes • Control of solid and liquid wastes • Control of waste oil

36

• Control and reduction of environmental noise • Control and reduction of dust and air pollution • Measures for health and safety • Measures for control of traffic • Measures for deterioration of land and visual environment

The details on the above issues have been previously described in Section 4.2. 4.5.2 Storm water Collection System: Mitigation Plan and Measures for

Operation Stage During the storm water system operation, attention should be given to following issues: 1. Cleaning of storm water collection loopholes In order to realize proper collection of storm water, all of the loopholes should be regularly controlled and cleaned. Particularly, it is suggested that the loopholes be cleaned before rainy reasons. 2. Construction of detention basin before discharging into receiving environment In the current situation, the collected storm water in Il�ca is being discharged to Il�ca Creek near Il�ca Bridge. After the storm water collection system is constructed for the whole district, the collected water will be discharged to the same location. Construction of a detention basin is suggested to treat collected storm water before discharging into the receiving environment. In this way, direct transport of contaminants to the receiving environment can be avoided.

37

SECTION V: REFERENCES

1. Regulations on Control of Excavation Material, Construction and Demolition Wastes, Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Official Journal, 18.03.2004, 25406

2. Il�ca Municipality (Antalya) Sanitation Project Final Report, 2005. 3. Il�ca Municipality (Antalya) Drinking Water Project Final Report, Bank of

Provinces. 4. Il�ca Municipality (Antalya) Wastewater Collection Project Final Report, Bank of

Provinces. 5. Regulations on Disinfection of Water Supply Pipelines and Water Distribution

Networks Before Operation, Bank of Provinces, 1994 6. Water for Human Consumption, TS266 Turkish Standard, Turkish Institute of

Standards, 2005. 7. Regulations on Evaluation and Management of Environmental Noise, Ministry

of Environment and Forestry, (2002/49/EC). 8. Regulations on Water Pollution Control, Ministry of Environment and Forestry

Official Journal, 31.12.2004, 25687. 9. Regulations on Control of Waste Oil, Ministry of Environment and Forestry,

Official Journal, 21.01.2004, 25353. 10. Regulations on Bathing Water Quality (76/160/AB), Ministry of Environment

and Forestry, Official Journal 09.01.2006, 26048. 11. Samsunlu, A. (2005) Design of Water Supply and Sanitation Systems, Birsen

Press. 12. Regulations on Solid Waste Control, Ministry of Environment and Forestry,

Official Journal, 14.03.1991, 20814. 13. Anil K. Saroha, Safe handling of chlorine, Journal of Chemical Health and

Safety, Volume 13, Issue 2, March-April 2006, pp. 5-11. 14. Mukesh Kumar Tyagi, Tapas Dutta and Navin Gautam, Safety aspects of

chlorine handling in process industry, IPPTA 1 (1989), pp. 22–27.

38

Append�x I. MITIGATION AND MONITORING PLANs Table 1. Mitigation Plan for construction stage of water supply, wastewater and storm water collection systems Issue Mitigation Measures Institutional

Responsibility Traffic • Informing public about the work before the

construction works begin • Defining and announcement of alternative routes

for transportation of trucks and construction machines

• Placing warning signs 500 m ahead of the region where the construction work is in progress

• Transportation of materials and the machines in off-peak hours at the regions of heavy traffic

Municipality Consultant Contractor

Noise • Enclosing the construction site • Planning appropriate work hours for the

operations which cause high levels of noise • Informing public about the operations which

cause high levels of noise before the construction works begin

• Placing portable speed barriers at the start and end of the roads for the vehicles which transport excavation material


Air Quality • Enclosing the construction site • Choosing roofed or covered zones for material

mixing operations • Watering of material and road to prevent dust

formation while material transportation, unloading and storage

• Rehabilitation of road cover on the routes where transportation of excavation occur, keeping the routes clear

• Increasing the number of transfer of trucks to reduce total period of noise exposure

• Placing portable speed barriers at the start and end of the roads for the vehicles which transport excavation material

Consultant Contractor

Deterioration of land and visual environment

• Preventing deterioration of natural environment as much as possible

• Screening noise by enclosing construction site • Storing materials in roofed or covered zones • Reconstruction of destructed roads, pavements,

gardens etc.


Excavation wastes

• Covering vehicles with truck tarps to prevent scattering of material and dust formation

• Avoiding overloading of trucks • Cleaning wheels of trucks before joining traffic • Planning of transfer hours of construction vehicles

to prevent negative effects on city traffic • Reuse of excavation material in the construction

site


39

Issue Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibility

• Preserving natural drainage systems during excavation and taking measures against potential erosion

• The workers (e.g. excavator operator) will be advised to work carefully not to damage other infrastructure systems (such as telecommunication, electricity systems and natural drainage systems of the buildings) near the construction site. The workers will be provided with the plan of the existing infrastructure systems.

• Locating temporary storage containers to construction site

• Transportation of excavated material and rubble should be carried by authorized vehicles to authorized storage fields

Control of solid and liquid wastes

• Solid wastes generated by the workers at the construction site, which is mainly of domestic character, should be stored in containers located in the construction site and disposed off to the sanitary landfill area in Manavgat daily

• Suitable areas should be determined near the construction site where impervious septic tanks for liquid wastes will be constructed. The generated liquid waste will be transferred with vacuum tankers to existing wastewater treatment plant


Control of waste oil

• Collection of waste oil from construction machines and storing in impervious tanks which are constructed on impervious land

• Disposal of waste oil in temporarily constructed waste oil disposal units


Health and safety

• Construction of pedestrian lanes • Locating appropriate signs and warnings • Using protective clothing and equipment • Constituting security zones in construction sites • Complying with the Labor Law number 4857 and

its regulations


Water quality and water supply

• While construction of service reservoir, careful construction of man oeuvre chamber, reservoir entry, reservoir equipment and considering light and drainage characteristics

• Washout and disinfection of pipelines after construction stage, disinfection of fire hydrants, final washout and testing, disinfection of pumping engine and other equipments


40

Table 2. Mitigation Plan for operation stage Issue Mitigation Measures Institutional

Responsibility Water quality

• Disinfection of service reservoir and storage chamber (as described in section 4.2.2.)

• Adequate chlorination of drinking water in service reservoir in order to maintain 0.1-0.5 mg/l of residual chlorine in the water distribution network. This measure is also important for public health.

• Providing a spare pump for chlorination purposes • Continuous control of chlorination process to

maintain drinking water quality • Maintaining network repair teams with appropriate

equipment for discharge of network water when there is a need for repair. The required equipment includes pumps and piping material to deviate water into the storm water collection system

• To avoid settling of particles in wastewater collection network, establishing flushing manholes at upper ends of the network where wastewater flow rates are low

• Cleaning storm water collection system drain inlets • Retaining storm water in detention ponds prior to

discharge to the receiving environment

Municipality Provincial Directorate of Environment and Forestry

Noise • The pumping station should be roofed or covered and equipments with low noise levels would be preferred in pumping station to avoid high level of noise

• Systematic maintenance of equipments

Municipality Provincial Directorate of Environment and Forestry

Deterioration of land and visual environment

• Green belts, using local trees, will be formed especially around pumping stations to hide units

Municipality – Environmental Department

Health and safety

• Providing appropriate signs and cautions especially in pumping station

• Enclosing pumping station for safety and security • Provision of technical training for personnel who

are involved in handling and operation of chlorination of drinking water in service reservoir, compulsory use of protective clothing (masks, googles, etc.), provision of ventilation for storage and dosing units

• Complying with the Labor Law number 4857 and its regulations for all employees (see section 4.2.1, item 7)

Municipality Environmental Department

41

Table 3. Monitoring and Measurement Plan for construction stage

Parameter Where How When

Why Responsibility

Intensity of traffic

In areas of intensive construction

Site controls

Continuously To regulate the traffic

Municipality

Air quality (dust and particulate matter)

In areas of intensive excavation

Visual Continuously To protect workers and public health

Municipality

Water drainage In areas of intensive excavation

Site investigation

Continuously To avoid improper water discharges while excavation

Municipality

Control of waste oil

In areas of heavy construction machines

Site investigation

Daily To avoid improper discharge of waste oil

Municipality

Control of solid and liquid wastes

In areas of intensive construction

Site investigation

Twice a week To avoid improper discharge of solid and liquid wastes

Municipality

Excavation wastes In areas of excavation and construction

Routine site observation and visual monitoring

Daily To avoid improper transfer and storage of excavated material

Municipality

Noise In areas of excavation

Sound level meter

Daily To protect workers and public health

Municipality

Working place health and safety

Within the project site

Random site visits

Continuously To maintain adequate and safe working place conditions for workers

Municipality

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Table 4. Monitoring and Measurement Plan for operation stage

Parameter Where How When Why Responsibility

Water level Reservoir Water level meter and SCADA system

Continuously Management of water distribution system


Water quality (residual chlorine)

Within drinking water network

Manual measurements

Daily and in case of complaint

Management of drinking water supply system


Water quality (drinking water quality parameters as given in Table 4.3)

Within drinking water network

Sampling and analysis

Every six months and/or in case of complaint

Management of drinking water supply system


Noise Pumping station

Sound level meter

Periodically Protecting public health and workers of the project


Health and safety Within the project area

Routine controls and observation

Continuously Preventing negative effects of project infrastructure for public


43

APPENDIX II. ILICA WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

PUBLIC MEETING Agenda of meeting:

1. Opening speech of Il�ca Mayor Mr. Rafet ÜNAL 2. A presentation on description of the project and the expected environmental

impacts by Prof. Dr. Bülent TOPKAYA from Akdeniz University, Environmental Engineering Department

3. Discussion session 4. Closing speech of Il�ca Mayor Mr. Rafet ÜNAL

The Public Meeting was held on January 23, 2007 at 14:00 at Il�ca Center Hüsnü Karamanc� Municipality Park as planned and advertised before. The Mayor of Il�ca Mr. Rafet ÜNAL, the representatives of municipality and academic staff from Environmental Engineering Department of Akdeniz University, who have conducted Environmental Management Plan study, have participated the meeting. There was a big interest of public in the project. A short questionnaire has been distributed to 50 participants at the start of the meeting to get their feed backs about the proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Il�ca. All the participants have answered the questionnaires. The evaluation results of this study are presented below with figures. As can be observed from the below figures, all participants of the meeting are residents of Il�ca. A major part of the participants has prior information about the project. All the participants agree on the need of the project and a major part of them support the project. Most of the participants expect positive impacts on the environment and the region by the completion of the project.

44

Evaluation of the questionnaire results

Interes t on the project

100%

0%0%0%0%

R es ident in the region Owner of a s econdary hous e

Owner of a touris m facility Owner of a firm

Others

Do you have information about the project?

78%

22%

Y es No

Is there a need for the project?

100%

0%0%

Y es No No comment

What is your opinion about the project?

83%

4%

11%2%

I agree I partially agree No comment I do not agree

What are the pos s ible impacts of the project on the environment?

100%

0%0%0%0%

P os itive B oth pos itive and negative

Negative No effect

No comment

What are the pos s ible impacts of the project on places of your work?

97%

0%

3%0%

P os itive effect No pos itive or negative effect

Negative effects No comment

45

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Date of meeting: 23 January 2007 Place of meeting: Il�ca Center Hüsnü Karamanc� Park, Village Café. Time of meeting: 14:00

No Name-Surname Concern with the project Age/Gender Occupation Phone Number

1 Necip Özu�urlu Resident 48/male Tourism 902427476023 2 Adem Gökçe Resident 47/male Officer 902427476129 3 Remzi Kösten Resident 70/male N/A N/A 4 Muzaffer Gömeç Resident 68/male Self employment 902427476102 5 Mehmet Uluk Resident 58/male Farmer 902427476052 6 �lhami Sivri Resident 39/male Self employment 902427476362 7 Kerim Çeker Resident 56/male N/A 902427476075 8 Mustafa Okudan N/A 47/male Contractor 905322711569 9 Ramazan Gümü� Resident 50/male Chauffeur 902427476551

10 �brahim Karamanc� Resident 50/male Chauffeur N/A

11 Hasan Topal Resident 34/male Security officer N/A 12 Ahmet Manav Resident 63/male Self employment N/A 13 Kemal Özden Resident 47/male Self employment N/A 14 M. Nafiz Çapa N/A 52/male N/A N/A 15 Abdullah Alt�n Resident 53/male Self employment 902427476510 16 Ali Uçar Resident 66/male Retired 902427476131 17 �inasi Alagöz Resident 42/male Chauffeur 902427476002 18 Ahmet Sert Resident 50/male Grocer 902427476503 19 Mehmet Ali Ak�n Resident 30/male Tourism 905335701828 20 Veli Tanr�verdi Resident 40/male Unemployed 905054169573 21 Ali K�y�c� N/A 53/male Chauffeur 902427476311 22 Mehmet Erdo�an Resident 53/male Retired 902427476358 23 Ahmet Dal�c� Resident 47/male Chauffeur 905422742543 24 Bilal Ak�n Resident 28/male Tourism 905362891547 25 Dursun A�k�n Resident 30/male Tradesman 905326419393

26 Abdullah Karamanc� Resident 47/male Self employment 905354401582

27 Fahri Gömeç Resident 35/male Metal worker N/A 28 Kemal Kurt Resident 39/male Tourism 905054121452 29 �smail Erdo�an Resident 69/male Farmer 902427476138 30 Emin Uysal Resident 47/male Worker 902427476487 31 Yusuf Kara Resident 36/male N/A 902427476218 32 Erdo�an �a�maz Resident 42/male N/A 902427476237 33 Hasan Keser Resident 64/male Retired 905356959361 34 Mustafa Uçar Resident 70/male Farmer 902427476036 35 Ramazan Y�lmaz Resident 67/male Chauffeur 902427476049 36 �smail �ahin Resident 31/male Worker N/A 37 Süleyman Uslu Resident 52/male Tourism 902427645872 38 Memi� Ayd�n Resident 71/male N/A 902427476334 39 Recep Berber Resident 44/male Tradesman 905337200811 40 Ramazan Keskin Resident 51/male Public servant 902427476003 41 Mustafa �ener Resident N/A Retired N/A 42 Mehmet A��k Resident 60/male Retired 902427476340 43 Pakize Özcan Resident 32/female Secretary N/A

46

No Name-Surname Concern with the project Age/Gender Occupation Phone Number

44 Raziye Akkuzu Resident 32/female Officer N/A 45 Tülay Çetin Resident 30/female Worker 902427476310 46 �. Nurgül Alemdar Resident 26/female Worker 902427464763 47 Ay�egül Ak�n Resident 22/female Worker 902427476254 48 Naz�m Gülmez Resident 52/male Officer 902427476079 49 Tolga Çapa Resident 27/male Officer 902427476143 50 Mehmet Ali Ak�n Resident 21/male Student 905557147667

47

DISCUSSION SESSION

1. Necip ÖZURLU asked: What will happen to the septic tanks after completion of wastewater collection network? Mayor of Il�ca Mr. Rafet ÜNAL replied: The septic tanks will be emptied, cleaned and then filled out.

2. Abdullah KARAMANCI asked: What about the settlement plan of Il�ca?

Mayor of Il�ca Mr. Rafet ÜNAL replied: There are cadastral ways at the time being and a new settlement plan will be prepared for the upper section of Il�ca

3. Mehmet Ali AKIN asked: If the delegate form Ankara has not visited Il�ca, when could the infrastructure problem be solved?

Mayor of Il�ca Mr. Rafet ÜNAL replied: There are 3217 municipalities in turkey and Il�ca Municipality is in a good condition in respect of infrastructure. The benefits of the Municipality are considered at this stage. The infrastructure problem would be solved even if no delegate has visited Il�ca. The population of Il�ca has increased to 17000 from a population value of 3200 in recent years and the summer population is estimated to be between 50000-100000 capita. The high population increase rate is important for finding solutions.

4. Ahmet KORKUSUZ asked: The road plans should be finalized before the infrastructure system. The roads are not suitable for storm water collection. Is it possible to finalize road plans before the start of infrastructure work?

Mayor of Il�ca Mr. Rafet ÜNAL replied: There is no problem in road plans for the residential area in the north of Antalya-Manavgat D400 highway and also in Gömeçli region. The road plans and cadastral plans are ready. The roads will not be destructed during the works.

5. Ahmet KORKUSUZ asked: In Municipality road plans, the width of roads is defined as 10 metres. In the current situation, the roads are only 3 meter wide. How would you start infrastructure works before widening the roads? Mayor of Il�ca Mr. Rafet ÜNAL replied: the roads will be widened according to the plans and there will be no area without settlement plan. The infrastructure will be ready for the whole Municipality district.

6. Ali KIYICI asked: Will the houses be demolished when the roads are widened?

Mayor of Il�ca Mr. Rafet ÜNAL replied: There is no worry about that, there will be no area without road and water supply.

7. Abdullah ELMAS asked: Would we pay for the new infrastructure works?

Mayor of Il�ca Mr. Rafet ÜNAL replied: We do not ask for contribution of public for the infrastructure works. We try to minimize the environmental impacts.

48

8. Süleyman USLU asked: Will the collected wastewater be treated? Does the

existing wastewater treatment plant have enough capacity for treatment of collected wastewater? Mayor of Il�ca Mr. Rafet ÜNAL replied: The current capacity of wastewater treatment plant is 50000 m3/day and a sea outfall system will be designed with a length of 2600 m. The existing wastewater treatment plant has enough capacity for the next 15 years. If modifications and extensions are needed, there is an allocated land of 30 000 meter square. In the second stage of treatment plant extensions, 50000 m3/day flow rate increase will be realized. I am also a member in the Decision Board of MATAB. In case of need, the collected wastewater can be transmitted to Manavgat, Kumköy and Titreyengöl Wastewater Treatment Plants.

The discussion session ended as there were no more questions and comments. The public conveyed their support for the success of the project and public meeting ended.

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