8. Arthropoda

Organization: _______________________ Symmetry ___________________________

Represent _____% of all animals on earth Most marine species are classified into subphylum ________________________. Three examples: ________________________/ ________________________/ ________________________.

B. General Characteristics= Segmented body into four segments

_________________________: _________________________: _________________________: _________________________: fusion of head & thorax

External skeleton called an ____________________ made of a complex sugar called _____________________ that they must shed, or ________________ in order to grow.

C. Subphylum Crustacea Marine adaptations: __________________________ and ___________________________________________________. Examples _____________________:(abundant in plankton)/ ________________________: attached to surface and

filter-feed/ ________________________________: ten-footed (include crabs, shrimp, lobster) Decapods

Cephalothorax protected by shell called ________________________________. 2 characteristics of true crabs: ___________________________ and __________________________________. Male Abdomen shape _________ / Female abdomen shape __________

Feeding: as planktonic larvae they ___________________. Benthic crustaceans have appendages ________________________________ to push food to mouth Nervous system:

simple brain ______________________________ eyes on stalks. Balance receptor called ____________________________________.

Reproduction Females carry eggs with specialized swimmerets called ______________________________. Fertilization must take place when female has ___________________________ and is a __________________ -

shelled crab Males transfer sperm packed called a ________________________________.

D. Other Marine Arthropods

________________________________ : Similar to species extinct for millions of years.

Class __________________________: rare in open ocean; include marine water strider

E. Economic Significance: _____ million crustaceans harvested yearly, mostly in ____________________.

9. Phylum EchinodermataA. Examples: ___________________________________/___________________________________/___________________________________/

_____________________________________/ Symmetry: ____________________________________________ meaning it can be sliced into five equal planes. Mouth: __________________ surface / Opposite of mouth: _____________________ surface What does the word “echinoderm” mean? ________________________________________________________________ Structure

Water vascular system: ___________________________________________ _____________________________________: internal skeleton. Composition of plates embedded in endoskeleton: _____________________________________________. Move and feed by _________________________, which are muscular extensions of canals that

_______________________ when filled with water and end in a __________________________________.

B. Class Asteroidea

Example: _____________________________________________

_____________________________________________: channels from which mouth & tube feet protrude.

2 examples of starfish prey: _________________________ / ______________________________________

C. Class Holothuroidea Example: ____________________________________

_____________________________________ feeders

Sudden pushing of guts out the mouth or anus: _____________________________________________, used as a ____________________________________ mechanism

D. 3. Class Echinoidea- sea urchins & sand dollars

Examples: _______________________________________ and ____________________________________________

Endoskeleton forms _________________________shape.

Unique mouth structure: jaws and muscles called ______________________________________________

E. Other Members

Brittle stars: ___________________________________ movement

Feather Stars & Sea Lillies

_________________________________ feeders-

Body plan- like an upside down __________________________________________

F. Feeding

_____________________________ (prey on other animals)

Starfish ___________________________stomach through mouth to consume prey

G. _____________________________ system: responsible for respiration and circulation

H. Ability to grow lost or damaged body parts = ______________________________________________________

Anatomical Features

Feeding Movement Example organism

1. Asteroidea

2. Holothuroidea3. Echinoidea