ptk fractionator toolkit users guide - honeywellprocess.com · about this publication 5/01...

Profit Toolkit

Fractionator ToolkitUser’s Guide

For Open Systems

5/01

Rev 2.0

AP13-101

ii Fractionator Toolkit User’s Guide 5/01

Honeywell Inc.

.

Profit Toolkit

Fractionator ToolkitUser’s Guide

For Open Systems

5/01

Rev 2.0

AP13-101

Copyright, Notices, and Trademarks

Copyright 2001 by Honeywell International Inc.

While this information is presented in good faith and believed to be accurate, Honeywelldisclaims the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose andmakes no express warranties except as may be stated in its written agreement with and for

its customer.In no event is Honeywell liable to anyone for any indirect, special or consequential

damages. The information and specifications in this document are subject to change withoutnotice.

Profit, TDC 3000, and TotalPlant are registered trademarks of Honeywell International Inc.

Other product names are trademarks of their respective owners.

HoneywellIndustrial Automation and Control

16404 N. Black Canyon HwyPhoenix, AZ 85053

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Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS........................................................................................................III

ABOUT THIS PUBLICATION ...............................................................................................VIStatement of Work.......................................................................................viRelease Information.....................................................................................viRMPCT Course Information ........................................................................viWriting Conventions Used in This Book ......................................................vii

REFERENCES ......................................................................................................................VIIIDocumentation.............................................................................................viiiOpen ............................................................................................................viiiTPS System.................................................................................................viiiEmbedded Uniformance..............................................................................viii

FOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE..........................................................................................IXIf You Need Assistance ...............................................................................ixInternational Customers...............................................................................ixCustomers Inside the United States ............................................................ixArizona Customers ......................................................................................ixServices Provided........................................................................................ixTime Saving Tip...........................................................................................ix

SECTION 1 - FRACTIONATOR TOOLKIT FUNCTIONS....................................................11.1 Overview..........................................................................................................1

In this Guide.................................................................................................1HSTool_Frac.DLL........................................................................................1General Description of Functions ................................................................1Input Values.................................................................................................1Arrays...........................................................................................................1Filtering ........................................................................................................1Last Good Value Holding.............................................................................2Biasing .........................................................................................................2A Caution about Bias Values .......................................................................2Engineering Unit Conversion .......................................................................3A Caution about Conversion Factors...........................................................3Function Order.............................................................................................5Using Outputs from Functions as Input to Other Functions ........................6Input Dependencies.....................................................................................7Error Messages Raised by Profit Toolkit .....................................................7Errors Raised by Utility Functions................................................................8

SECTION 2 - ASTM D86 AND EFV POINT (D86_EFV_PT) ..............................................92.1 Overview...........................................................................................................9

In This Section .............................................................................................92.2 Detail Description...............................................................................................10

Calculation Algorithm...................................................................................10

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Associated Functions .................................................................................. 11A Caution about Bias Values....................................................................... 11A Caution about Conversion Factors .......................................................... 11Output table................................................................................................. 13Return Status Table .................................................................................... 14Examples Table .......................................................................................... 16

SECTION 3 - FLASH POINT (FLASH_PT) ........................................................................ 173.1 Overview .......................................................................................................... 17

In This Section............................................................................................. 173.2 Detail Description .............................................................................................. 18

Calculation Algorithm .................................................................................. 18Associated Functions .................................................................................. 20A Caution about Bias Values....................................................................... 20A Caution about Conversion Factors .......................................................... 20Output table................................................................................................. 23Return Status Table .................................................................................... 25Examples Table .......................................................................................... 27

SECTION 4 - FREEZE AND POUR POINT (FREEZ_POUR_PT) ..................................... 314.1 Overview ......................................................................................................... 31


Calculation Algorithm .................................................................................. 32Associated Functions .................................................................................. 33A Caution about Bias Values....................................................................... 33A Caution about Conversion Factors .......................................................... 33Output table................................................................................................. 34Return Status Table .................................................................................... 35Examples Table .......................................................................................... 36

SECTION 5 INTERNAL LIQUID AND VAPOR (INT_LANDV) ........................................... 375.1 Overview .......................................................................................................... 37

In This Section............................................................................................. 375.2 Detail Description ............................................................................................. 38

Calculation Algorithm .................................................................................. 38Associated Functions .................................................................................. 40A Caution about Conversion Factors .......................................................... 40Output table................................................................................................. 44Return Status Table .................................................................................... 45Examples Table .......................................................................................... 47

SECTION 6 - MOLE FRACTION (MOLE_FRAC) .............................................................. 516.1 Overview ........................................................................................................... 51


Calculation Algorithm .................................................................................. 52Associated Functions .................................................................................. 52Output table................................................................................................. 53

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Return Status Table.....................................................................................54Examples Table...........................................................................................55Input/ .............................................................................................................55Output ............................................................................................................55

SECTION 7 - PRESSURE COMPENSATED TEMPERATURE (PCOMPT) ......................577.1 Overview............................................................................................................57

In This Section .............................................................................................577.2 Detail Description...............................................................................................58

Calculation Algorithm...................................................................................58Associated Functions...................................................................................58A Caution about Conversion Factors...........................................................58Input table ....................................................................................................58Output table .................................................................................................60Return Status Table.....................................................................................60Example Table.............................................................................................62

SECTION 8 - REID VAPOR PRESSURE (REID_VAP_PRESS) ........................................638.1 Overview...........................................................................................................63

In This Section .............................................................................................638.2 Detail Description..............................................................................................64

Calculation Algorithm...................................................................................64Associated Functions...................................................................................65A Caution about Bias Values .......................................................................65A Caution about Conversion Factors...........................................................65Output table .................................................................................................69Return Status Table.....................................................................................70

SECTION 9 - TOP INTERNAL LIQUID AND VAPOR (TOP_LANDV) ...............................759.1 Overview...........................................................................................................75

In This Section .............................................................................................759.2 Detail Description..............................................................................................76

Calculation Algorithm...................................................................................76Associated Functions...................................................................................77A Caution about Conversion Factors...........................................................78Output table .................................................................................................80Return Status Table.....................................................................................81

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About This PublicationStatement of Work The following table describes the audience, purpose, and scope of this book:

Purpose This book explains how to use the Fractionator functions. It describesthe inputs, outputs and error messages associated with each function.

Audience Process and control engineers

ReleaseInformation

This is document version 2.0 for Fractionator Toolkit Release 200.00.

RMPCT CourseInformation

Honeywell offers several courses that explain the math and conceptualunderpinnings of RMPCT as well as application implementation of the AdvancedProcess Control suite of products.

Engineers wanting a more technical exposure to RMPCT can contact:

Honeywell Automation College

2500 W. Union Hills Drive

Phoenix, AZ 85027

602-313-5669

About This Publication

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WritingConventions Usedin This Book

The following writing conventions have been used throughout this book and otherbooks in the Profit Suite library.

• Words in double quotation marks " " name sections or subsections in thispublication.

• Words in italics name book titles, add grammatical emphasis, introducewords that are being referenced or defined, or represent mathematical variables.The context makes the meaning and use clear.

• Words in bold type indicate paragraph topics or bring important phrases toyour attention.

• Shading brings paragraphs and table entries to your attention.

• Windows pull down menus and their options are separated by an anglebracket >. For example, Under Settings> Communications, set the baud rate.

• Messages and information that you type appear in Courier font.

• Acronyms, Scan parameters, point names, file names, and paths appear inUPPERCASE. The context makes the meaning and use clear.

• Command keys appear in UPPERCASE within angle brackets. For example,press <ENTER>.

• TPS user station touch-screen targets appear in rounded boxes. For example,touch MODIFY NODE .

• Graphic buttons appear in UPPERCASE within brackets [ ]. For example,touch [TAG].

• Point-dot-parameter means a point name and one of its parameters. Forexample, point-dot-SP means the SP parameter for the point.

• Zero as a value and when there is a chance for confusion with the letter O isgiven as Ø. In all other cases, zero as a numerical place holder is given as 0. Forexample, 1.0, 10, 101, CVØ1, parameter PØ.

• The terms screen and display are used inter changeably in discussing thegraphical interfaces. The verbs display a screen and call a screen are also usedinter changeably.

• These names, and may be used interchangeably.

Former Name Product Name

RMPCT Profit Controller

DQP Profit Optimizer

APC Development Environment or APCDE Profit Design Studio

RPID Profit PID

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References

The following comprise the Profit Suite library.Documentation Title Number

General

Profit Controller (RMPCT) Concepts Reference RM09-400Profit Controller (RMPCT) Designer’s Guide (Off-Line Design) RM11-410Profit Optimizer Designer’s Guide (Off-Line Design) PR11-400Profit Toolkit Designer’s Guide AP11-400APC Identifier User’s Guide AP09-200Profit-PID (RPID) RM11-100Profit Sensor User’s Guide PS09-100

Open

Profit Suite Installation Guide for Open Systems Viewer - Controller - Optimizer - Toolkit

RM20-501

Profit Controller (RMPCT) User’s Guide for Open Systems RM11-401Profit Optimizer User’s Guide for Open Systems PR11-421Profit Trender User’s Guide RM11 431Profit Toolkit User’s Guide for Open Systems AP11-401Profit Toolkit Function Reference AP11-410FCCU Toolkit User’s Guide for Open Systems AP13-201Fractionator Toolkit User’s Guide for Open Systems AP13-101Lab Update User’s Guide AP13-111Wrapper Builder User’s Guide AP11-411Profit Bridge User’s Guide AP20-401

TPS System

Profit Controller (RMPCT) Installation Reference for AM, AxM and Open LCN-Side RM20-400Profit Controller (RMPCT) Commissioning RM20-410Profit Controller (RMPCT) User’s Guide for AM, AxM and Open LCN-Side RM11-400Profit Optimizer Installation Reference for AM and Open LCN-Side PR20-400Profit Optimizer User’s Guide for AM and Open LCN-Side PR11-420Profit Suite ToolKit AP09-300TDC Data ConverterData CollectorStep Test Builder

Performance MonitorRMPCT CascadePV Validation

Simulation BackBuilderGain Scheduler

Fractionator Toolkit (LCN) AP13-100FCCU Toolkit (LCN) AP13-200Furnace Pass Balance Temperature Control User’s Guide AP13-600Non-Linear Level Control User’s Guide AP09-700

Embedded Uniformance

Excel Companion User’s Guide (Profit Embedded PHD) AP20-510Power Point Companion User’s Guide (Profit Embedded PHD) AP20-520Process Trend User’s Guide (Profit Embedded PHD) AP20-530

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For Technical Assistance

If You NeedAssistance

If you need technical assistance, contact your local Honeywell ServiceOrganization, as explained in the following paragraphs.

InternationalCustomers

Outside of the United States, contact your local Honeywell Service Organization.If you are not sure of the location or telephone number, call your Honeywellrepresentative for information.

Customers Insidethe United States

Within the United States, call the Technical Assistance Center (TAC) at the tollfree number 1-800-822-7673.

ArizonaCustomers

Within Arizona, the local number for TAC is 602-313-5558.

Services Provided Calls to TAC are answered by a dispatcher from 7:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M.,Mountain Standard Time (6:00 A.M. to 4:00 P.M. when daylight savings time isin effect).

Outside of these hours, emergency calls—those which affect your ability tocontrol or view a process—will be received by an answering service, andreturned within one hour. TAC maintains its own TPS network, and frequentlycan duplicate problems on this equipment.

Time Saving Tip It is a good idea to make specific notes about the problem before making the call.This helps to reduce delays and expedite answers.

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Section 1 - Fractionator Toolkit Functions

1.1 OverviewIn this Guide This guide describes the Open Fractionator Toolkit functions, how to use them,

and the possible error codes associated with their execution. The toolkitfunctions are as follows:

HSTool_Frac.DLL The following functions are located in HSTool_Frac DLL

Functions Description

D86_EFV_Pt Calculates ASTM D86 or the EFV point of a petroleum fraction

Flash_Pt Calculates flash point of a petroleum fraction

Freez_Pour_Pt Calculates freeze or pour point of a petroleum fraction

Int_LandV Internal liquid and vapor calculation

Mole_Frac Mole fraction calculation

PcompT Calculates pressure compensated temperature of a component mixture

Reid_Vap_Press Calculates Reid vapor pressure of a component mixture

Top_LandV Top tray internal liquid and vapor calculation

GeneralDescription ofFunctions

The toolkit functions are set up to have the function calculate an output valuebased on user supplied inputs. The resultant value is filtered to reduce noise,biased and converted to toolkit units. Last good value holding is available forevery function.

Input Values The user has to supply several inputs to ensure a function works properly. Theinputs may come from a variety of places.

• User entered value

• Input from a DCS or other external source via the DSS server

• Output from another function

Depending on the usage of the function, some parameters may not require input.The user can ignore these inputs.

Arrays There are two types of array parameters. Fixed size array parameters anddynamically sized parameters.

The size of a dynamic array is configured during offline configuration. The sizeof the array is dependent on the size of the associated input parameter.

Important Note: The array size for a dynamically sized array can bechanged only in the offline configuration environment.

Filtering Filtering is applied to reduce noise and to ramp a value from its previous value toits current value as smoothly as possible. Currently the filter types available are afirst order lag filter and a first order lag filter with deadtime. These filters areinvoked by selecting a filter type of 1 or 2 (several additional parameters alsohave to be filled in). Other filter types will be available in the future. If filtering is

Section 1 - Fractionator Toolkit Functions1.1 Overview

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not required for a specific function, then a filter type of 0 should be selected.Biasing and conversion are sequenced immediately after the filtering.

For the first order lag filter types, in order to filter from a previous value to thecurrent value, it is required to store the previous values. When the user sets up afunction, a storage parameter for the previous value is automatically created. Theuser does not need to manipulate this parameter, but should be aware of itsexistence. This parameter is an array named Filter_Shift.

For several functions, when an intermediate calculated value is being biased, thebias itself is filtered. This prevents a bumping the output value, when the userenters a new bias.

Last Good ValueHolding

Last good value holding is available for each function. This is invoked byentering a positive value in the number of intervals to hold the value(LGV_Num). Last good value is the last function to be invoked. Thus if a badvalue is processed or calculated by the function it will hold the value for thenumber of intervals specified by the user. The user can turn off last good valueholding by setting LGV_Num to 0, or alternately if the user requires the last goodvalue held for an infinite period the user can set LGV_Num to a negative value.

When the user configures a function, storage parameters for last good valueholding are automatically created. The user does not need to manipulate theseparameters, but should be aware of their existence. This parameter is usually anarray named LGV_Values.

Biasing Most Fractionator functions allow biasing of the final output value. The biasvalue is to be input in user units.

A Caution aboutBias Values

Caution

For the convenience of the user the bias is supplied in user units. Most otherinputs are expected in toolkit units.



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Engineering UnitConversion

The Fractionator functions conversion factors are required to convert outputparameters from toolkit units to user units. For the main output parameters thefunction will calculate the output in both user and toolkit units. When theconversion factor is a multiplier, the equation takes on the following form:

TK units = User units * Conv_FactImportant Note: Use the process functions to supply inputs to Fractionatorfunctions in toolkit units.

A Caution aboutConversionFactors

CautionGenerally, the conversion factors in the Fractionator function are not used toconvert input parameters to toolkit units, as the Fractionator functions expectthese values to be supplied in toolkit units.

Rather conversion factors Fractionator function are used to convert output valuesto user units.

The following table defines the engineering units handled by the functions:

Engineering Units in Functions

Value

ToolkitUnits

User SuppliedConversion

Factor or Flag

Comment Example Conversion Factor or

Flag

Pressure Psig Multiplier toconvert to Psig

Pounds per square inch – gauge

Gauge Pressure – Most functionsrequire input in these units

User requiresoutput in Kpa

0.14503774

Pressure Psi Multiplier toconvert to Psia

Pounds per square inch.

Local pressure (usually around 14.696psi) should be provided in these units.This allows functions to convert an inputpressure in psig to psia.

Temperature

Deg F Flag indicatingwhether uservalue is in Deg For Deg C

0 indicates Deg F

1 indicates Deg C

Does not support any other temperatureunits.

User requiresoutput inDegC

1 (Flag)

Gravity TK units

Spgr@60DegF/60DegF

Flag indicatingwhether uservalue is inspecific gravityor API

0 indicates Specific Gravity

1 indicates API Gravity

User requiresoutput in APIgravity

1 (Flag)

MassFlow

Mlb/hr Multiplier toconvert to Mlb/hr

If user must convert from volumetric flowto mass flow, then the user mustconsider specific gravity in theconversion.

See examplein Flow_Procroutine.



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Engineering Units in Functions

Value

ToolkitUnits

User SuppliedConversion

Factor or Flag

Comment Example Conversion Factor or

Flag

VolumetricFlow

Mbbl/day Multiplier toconvert toMbbl/day

If user must convert from mass flow tovolumetric flow, then the user mustconsider specific gravity in theconversion.

See examplein Flow_Procroutine.

Watson K N/a N/a

Viscosity Centistokes No conversionfactor provided.

User must supply viscosity inCentistokes

Enthalpy MBTU/lb Multiplier toconvert toMBTU/lb

Thousands of BTU per pound.

Heat MMBTU/hr Multiplier toconvert toMMBTU/hr

Millions of BTU per hour.

MoleFraction

N/a N/a



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Function Order Function calling order is extremely important in the Fractionator toolkit. Thefunctions are to be ordered/called according to the number shown to the right ofthe function boxes (see next page). When functions are grouped together in thesame row in the diagram, this means that the order relative to other functions inthe same row is not important.

As an example, the process (“_Proc”) functions must be called prior to theinternal liquid and vapor function. The internal liquid and vapor function shouldin turn be called before the top liquid and vapor function… and so on.

For the pressure compensated temperature, Reid vapor pressure and flash pointfunctions routines the main restriction is that they are called after the processfunctions.

See Process Functions User’sGuide for details on ordering of“_Proc” functions.

Top_LandV

Mole_Frac

1

3

4

2

Process Functions

5D86_EFV_Pt

6Freeze_Pour_Pt

Top_LandV

Mole_Frac

Int_LandV

PCompT

D86_EFV_Pt

Freeze_Pour_Pt

Reid_Vap_Press Flash_Pt

7



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Using Outputsfrom Functions asInput to OtherFunctions

The functions are designed to connect together. So for example, a user enteringthe input parameters for the Flash_pt function should use the output ofWatsonK_Proc function as the input for the Flash_pt function. This ensures thatthe input is conditioned properly and in the correct units.

The non-Proc functions (Proc functions are the functions named with “_Proc”)are generally designed requiring inputs in toolkit units. So all the user has to do isset up one Proc function for say each temperature, the temperature will then beprocessed (filtered, biased and converted to toolkit units), and ready to use by thenon-Proc functions. Remember to use the Proc output that is in toolkit units asinput to the non-Proc function, as both user and toolkit units are usually available.

The output from a Proc function may be used as input to several other functions.For example, the output gravity (in toolkit units) from the Gravity_Proc functioncan be used as input to the Top_LandV and also the Int_LandV functions.

Fractionator Functions

(Non-Proc functions)

Temperature_Proc

Pressure_Proc

Molwt_Proc

WatsonK_Proc

Gravity_Proc

Flash_pt

Process Functions

(Proc functions)

Mole_Frac

Flow_Proc



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The Input Tables below list the function outputs that are recommended for use asinput to another function.

InputDependencies

Input entry may not be required for some of the input parameters. The entryrequirements are determined based on the user entry of some key inputs. Forexample, in the D86_EFV_Pt function, the user is not required to enterparameters relating to the calculation of D86, if the user chooses to calculateEFV.

The Function Input Tables below list the key input parameter dependencies.

Error MessagesRaised by ProfitToolkit

Each function can raise multiple simultaneous error and/or warning messages.

All functions set an array of error statuses (RetStatus) indicating whether error(s)have occurred in a function. Message(s) corresponding to the error(s) are raisedand shown in two places:

• The function array parameter – RetMessage – that can be viewed on theProfit® Viewer Input/Output display.

• On the Profit® Viewer Status Messages display.

The errors can also be looked up in this user’s guide.

Errors are positive values. A status of zero indicates that no error has occurred. Anegative status is a warning. The most common warning is a last good valuewarning. This indicates that last good value holding is active (i.e. the output fromthe function is bad and the last good value is being used). There are several otherwarnings, which can be looked up in the Return Status Tables below.



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Errors Raised byUtility Functions

Errors can also be raised by Utility functions that are used by the Fractionatorfunctions. In this case, an error message preceded with the Utility function nameis displayed. For example

Filter – The filter type specified is out of range. Filter Type must be 0 or 1, 2, 3,4 or 5.

In the example shown above, the error was raised by the Filter function.

Utility errors can be looked up in the Profit ToolKit Functions Reference. The listof Utility functions is shown below.

Utility Function Error Status

(The status value returned for Utility functions is the Error Status Value plus100)

Error Status Utility Function1 - 4 Press_PC

5 - 8 Temp_PC

9 - 15 Corr_Grav

16 - 40 Flow_Corr

41 - 46 Filter_First_Ord_Lag

47 - 54 Filter_First_Ord_Lag_Deadtime

55 - 60 Filter

61 - 62 Last_Good_Value

63 - 70 WatK_MABP

71 - 78 WatK_Visc

79 - 82 Mol_WT

83 - 92 Enth_HC

93 - 97 Enth_Stm

98 - 105 Enth_Gas

106 - 111 EFV_Temp

112 - 121 EFV_To_D86


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Section 2 - ASTM D86 and EFV Point (D86_EFV_Pt)

2.1 OverviewIn This Section This toolkit function calculates the equilibrium flash vaporization point as well as

the ASTM D86 point at a specified volume percent. Prior to outputting the EFVor ASTM D86 temperature the value is filtered, converted to user units andbiased. Last good value holding is also available.

Section 2 - ASTM D86 and EFV Point (D86_EFV_Pt)2.2 Detail Description


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2.2 Detail DescriptionCalculationAlgorithm

The following table shows the algorithm used by D86_EFV_Pt to calculate eitherthe D86 or EFV point:

Calculation Algorithm

Step # Description

1. Filter the added bias. Use the first order lag filter.

Filter the multiplicative bias. Use the first order lag filter.

2. Convert pressure input to absolute units.

• Press_abs = Pressure + Local_Pressure

3. Bias the user supplied mole fraction by multiplying it with the filtered multiplicativebias. Output Biased_Mole_Fraction.

4. Calculate partial pressure in absolute units, psia, then convert to user absoluteunits.

• Partial_Press_TK_Units = press_abs * Biased_Mole_Fraction

• Use Press_Conv_Fact to convert to user absolute units. Output bothPartial_Press_TK_Units and Partial_Press_User_Units.

5. Call the EFV_Temp utility function to calculate the EFV. EFV is output in toolkitunits.

EFV = EFV_Temp (Temperature, Partial_Press_TK_Units, WatK)

6. If Calc_Type > 0 then calculate D86.

Call the EFV_To_D86 utility function to calculate the D86. D86 is output in toolkitunits.

D86 = EFV_To_D86 (EFV, Gravity, Calc_Type, CoeffA, CoeffB, CoeffC)

7. Convert EFV to user units. If Calc_Type > 0 then also convert D86 to user units.

8. Filter the EFV or D86 based on the supplied Filter_Type.

9. Bias the filtered EFV or D86 user value by adding the Bias.

10. Convert the bias user value back to toolkit units.

11. Call Last_Good_Value utility function to provide last good value processing. Afterthis function the EFV is stored in EFV_User_Units and EFV_TK_Units. If the D86calculation is selected then the D86 is stored in D86_User_Units andD86_TK_Units. EFV_TK_Units and D86_TK_Units can be used as input to otherfunctions.



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AssociatedFunctions

This function requires inputs from the following functions:

• Temperature_Proc

• Pressure_Proc

• Gravity_Proc

• WatsonK_Proc

• Mole_FracA Caution aboutBias Values

CautionFor the convenience of the user the bias (Added_Bias_Raw) is supplied in userunits. Most other inputs are expected in toolkit units.


CautionConversion factors (D86_EFV_Conv_Fact) are provided to convert output values touser units.

Input Table

Input[ ] denotes array

Source Entry onlyReq’d if

Eng. Units Description

Calc_Type Flag indicating whether to calculate EFVor D86 (0 = Calculate EFV, 1 = D86 0%,2 = D86 10%, 3 = D86 30%, 4 = D8650%, 5 = D86 70%, 6 = D86 90%, 7 =D86 100%, 8 = user supplied coefficientsfor D86 Calculation)

Temperature Temperature_Proc

TK units Deg F Stream temperature

Pressure Pressure_Proc TK units psig Stream pressure

Local_Pressure Psi Local atmospheric pressure

WatK WatK_Proc Watson K factor of the stream.

Mole_Fraction Mole_Frac Mole fraction of the stream material inequilibrium.

Multiply_Bias_Raw

Multiplicative bias applied to the molefraction

Multiply_Bias_Filt_Time

Minutes Filter time for the mole fractionmultiplicative bias

Gravity Gravity_Proc Calc_Type > 0 TK units Spgr@60DegF/60DegF

Specific gravity of the stream.

CoeffA Calc_Type = 8 User supplied A coefficient

CoeffB Calc_Type = 8 User supplied B coefficient



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Input Table




CoeffC Calc_Type = 8 User supplied C coefficient

Filter_Type Filter to be used (0 = none, 1 = First orderlag filter, 2 to 5 not yet supported). Detailsof how to use the filter functions can befound in Profit Toolkit FunctionsReference.

Filter_Coeff_Num

Number of filter coefficients being passed.Not required if Filter Type = 0. Details ofhow to use the filter functions can befound in Profit Toolkit FunctionsReference.

Filter_Coeff[ ] Filter coefficients being passed in. Notrequired if Filter Type = 0. Details of howto use the filter functions can be found inProfit Toolkit Functions Reference.

Filter_Shift_Num

Number of past values necessary for filter.Not required if Filter Type = 0. Details ofhow to use the filter functions can befound in Profit Toolkit FunctionsReference.

Etime Application\ETime Minutes Application execution time

Press_Conv_Fact

Multiplier to go from user units to psi.Used to output partial pressure in userabsolute units.

Added_Bias_Raw

User units Additive bias applied to the EFV or D86

Added_Bias_Filt_Time

Minutes Filter time for the additive bias

D86_EFV_Conv_Fact

Flag indicating D86 or EFV temperatureuser units (0 = Deg F; 1 = Deg C).



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Input Table




LGV_Num The number of intervals to hold the lastgood value.

If LGV_Num > 0, this indicates thenumber of intervals the last good valuewill be held.

If LGV_Num = 0, then last good valueprocessing is turned off.

If LGV_Num < 0, then the last good valuewill be held indefinitely.

For more details see Profit ToolkitFunctions Reference.

RetNum The maximum number of simultaneouserror messages that can be raised for thisfunction.

Output table The output table provides a description of the function outputs.

Output Table

Output[ ] denotes array


Ret_Status Number of errors/warnings. Ret_Status is positive when the highest prioritymessage is an error. Ret_Status is negative when the highest priority messageis a warning. Ret_Status is zero, when there are no warnings or errors.

RetStatus[RetNum] Array of current function return statuses. See Return Status Table below fordetails.

RetMessage[RetNum] Array of current Error/Warning Messages.

RetFloat[RetNum] Array of float arguments for error messages. For internal use only.

RetString[RetNum] Array of string arguments for error messages. For internal use only.

Partial_Press_User_Units

User units Calculated partial pressure in absolute user units

Partial_Press_TK_Units

TK units psia Calculated partial pressure

Biased_Mole_Fraction Calculated biased Mole fraction used to determine the partial pressure

EFV_User_Units User units Calculated equilibrium flash vaporization point (EFV) point. This value iscalculated for EFV and D86 calculations.

EFV_TK_Units TK units DegF

Calculated equilibrium flash vaporization point (EFV) point. This value iscalculated for EFV and D86 calculations.



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Output Table



D86_User_Units User units Calculated ASTM D86 point. If Calc_Type is set to zero then the D86 value isnot calculated.

D86_TK_Units TK units DegF

Calculated ASTM D86 point. If Calc_Type is set to zero then the D86 value isnot calculated.

LGV_Count Counter of number of intervals last good value held

LGV_Values[2] Last good value storage array for key output variables

Filter_Shift[ ] Previous filtered value storage

Multiply_Bias_Shift Previous filtered mole fraction multiplicative bias storage

Added_Bias_Shift Previous filtered additive bias storage

Return StatusTable

Shows the error and warning messages associated with the function.

Return Status

Status value Description

0 No error occurred

1 The additive bias is a bad value.

2 The multiplicative bias is a bad value.

3 The pressure is a bad value.

4 The local pressure is a bad value.

5 The mole fraction is a bad value.

6 Pressure conversion factor is a bad value

7 Pressure conversion factor is less than or equal to zero.

8 Calculation type must be between 0 and 8.

9 The D86/EFV conversion factor is a bad value

10 The filtered additive bias is a bad value.

11 The multiplicative bias is less than or equal to zero.

12 Errors filtering the additive bias. See associated message from Filter function

13 Errors filtering the multiplicative bias. See associated message from Filter function

14 Errors calculating the EFV temperature. See associated message from EFV_Tempfunction

15 Errors calculating the D86 point. See associated message from EFV_To_D86function

16 Errors filtering the D86/EFV. See associated message from Filter function



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Return Status

Status value Description141 - 146 An error occurred in the Filter_First_Ord_Lag function. Details of the error can be

found by looking up the resulting status value in the Profit Toolkit FunctionsReference.

155 - 160 An error occurred in the Filter function. Details of the error can be found by lookingup the resulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference.

206 - 211 An error occurred in the EFV_Temp function. Details of the error can be found bylooking up the resulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

212 - 221 An error occurred in the EFV_to_D86 function. Details of the error can be found bylooking up the resulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference.

Negative errors Last good value holding is active. The error that is causing the bad value can bedetermined by looking up the positive of the error value



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Examples Table The following table shows example calculations (showing settings for the maininputs and outputs) for the D86_EFV_PT function.

Examples Table

Parameter Input /Output

Example 1 –EFV

Calculation

Example 2 –D86 30%

Calculation

Comment

Calc_Type I 0 3 Example 1 - Calculate EFV OnlyExample 2 – EFV & E86 30%

Temperature I 450.00 Deg F 528.00 Deg F Note that temperature must be provided intoolkit units

Pressure I 15.309 psig 1.1000 psig Note that pressure must be provided in toolkitunits

Gravity I 0.9260 Gravity not required for EFV only calculation

Local_Pressure I 14.696 psi 14.696 psi

WatK I 11.500 12.090

Mole_Fraction I 1 0.9

Multiply_Bias_Raw I 1 1.3

Multiply_Bias_Filt_Time I 0 0

CoeffA I

CoeffB I

CoeffC I

Filter_Type I 0 0

Added_Bias_ Raw I

Added_Bias_ Filt_Time I

Press_Conv_Fact I 1 1 Only required to output partial pressure inuser absolute units.

D86_EFV_Conv_Fact I 1 0 Only required to output EFV/D86 in user units.

Ret_Status O 0 0

Partial_Press_ User_Units O 30.005 18.481

Partial_Press_ TK_Units O 30.005 18.481

Biased_Mole_Fraction O 1.0000 1.1700

EFV_User_Units O 200.32 Deg C 508.68 Deg F

EFV_TK_Units O 392.57 Deg F 508.68 Deg F

D86_User_Units O -------- 480.95 Deg F In Example 1 – D86 is not calculated

D86_TK_Units O -------- 480.95 Deg F In Example 1 – D86 is not calculated


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Section 3 - Flash Point (Flash_Pt)

3.1 OverviewIn This Section This toolkit function calculates the flash point of a petroleum fraction after it has

exited a stripper. The stripper can either be stripper medium based or reboiledbased. The draw flow can either be supplied or calculated. Prior to outputting theflash temperature the value is filtered, converted to user units and biased. Lastgood value holding is also available.

Section 3 - Flash Point (Flash_Pt)3.2 Detail Description


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The following table shows the algorithm used by Flash _Pt to calculate the flashpoint:


Step # Description

1. Filter the added bias. Use the first order lag filter

Filter the multiplicative bias. Use the first order lag filter.

2. Sum the product flows to get total product flow.

Total_product_flow = Σ Product_Flow[i]

3. If a stripping medium is being used (i.e. Strip_Med_Type = 0) calculate the molefraction as follows:

Convert total product flow and unit feed flow to volume.

Product_Vol_Flow = Total_product_flow / Product_Gravity

Feed_Vol_Flow = Unit_Feed_Flow / Unit_Feed_Gravity

Calculate the Product Yield.

Product_Yield = Product_Vol_Flow / Feed_Vol_Flow

If Draw_Flow_Type = 0 then Draw_Flow is supplied by the user.

If Draw_Flow_Type = 1 then calculate Draw_Flow by first calculatingFraction_Stripped:

Fraction_Stripped = ƒ(deltaT, Fraction_Stripped_Nels_Const ,Fraction_Stripped_Coeff, Draw_Temperature , Strip_Med_Temperature,Strip_Med_Flow, Total_product_flow)

Calcd_Draw_Flow = ƒ(Fraction_Stripped, Total_product_flow)

Convert Calcd_Draw_Flow to user units for output purposes.

Now that all flow streams are known. Calculate moles for each stream.

Draw_Moles = Draw_Flow / Product_Molwt

Product_Moles = Total_product_flow / Draw_Molwt

Strip_Med_Moles = Strip_Med_Flow / Strip_Med_Molwt

Calculate the moles of the material stripped.

Stripped_moles = Draw_Moles - Product_Moles

Calculate the mole fraction for the stripping medium based stripper

Calcd_Mole_Fraction = stripped_moles / (stripped_moles + Strip_Med_Moles)



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Step # Description

5. For a reboiled stripper the mole fraction is supplied by the user in parameter

Mole_Fraction.

Calcd_Mole_Fraction = Mole_Fraction

6. Bias the mole fraction by multiplying it with the filtered multiplicative bias, store thisvalue in Biased_Mole_Fraction.

7. Calculate partial pressure, then convert to user units.

Convert pressure input to absolute units

press_abs = Pressure + Local_Pressure

Calculate the partial pressure in toolkit units

Partial_Press_TK_Units = press_abs * Biased_Mole_Fraction

Convert the partial pressure to user absolute units and output inPartial_Press_User_Units

8. Call the EFV_Temp utility function to calculate the EFV. EFV is output in toolkit units.

EFV = EFV_Temp (Product_Temperature, Partial_Press_TK_Units,Product_WatK)

9. If stripper medium is being used (i.e. Strip_med_type = 0 ) then bias the efv based onthe yield.

EFV = EFV - (Product_Yield * Product_Yield_Gain)

10. Call the EFV_To_D86 Utility function to calculate the D86 10%. D86 is output in toolkitunits.

D86 = EFV_To_D86 (EFV, Product_Gravity, D86_Type, CoeffA, CoeffB,CoeffC)

11. Convert the EFV, yield biased EFV and D86 to user units.

Output EFV_User_Units, Yield_Biased_EFV_User_Units andD86_User_Units.

12. Calculate the flash point based on the D86 10% point.

Flash_Pt = ƒ(D86 10%)

13. Convert the flash point to user units.

14. Filter the flash point based on the supplied Filter_Type.

15. Bias the filtered flash point user value by adding the filtered additive bias.

16. Convert the bias user value back to toolkit units.

17. Call Last_Good_Value utility function to provide last good value processing. After thisfunction the flash point is stored in Value_User_Units and Value_TK_Units.Value_TK_Units can be used as input to other functions.



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AssociatedFunctions



• Pressure_Proc

• Gravity_Proc

• WatsonK_Proc

• Molwt_ProcA Caution aboutBias Values



CautionConversion factors (Draw_Flow_Conv_Fact, Press_Conv_Fact, Flash_Conv_Fact) areprovided to convert output values to user units.

Input Table A Caution about Conversion Factors


Source Only Req’d if Eng. Units Description

Product_Num Number of streams that make up the totalproduct

Product_Flow[ ] Flow_Proc TK units Mlb/hr Array of product flows

Strip_Med_Type Stripping mechanism to use (0 = Strippingmedium stripper, 1 = Reboiled)

Mole_Fraction Strip_Med_Type = 1 Mole fraction of the material stripped

Multiply_Bias_

Raw

Multiplicative bias applied to thecalculated mole fraction

Multiply_Bias_

Filt_Time

Minutes Filter time for the calculated mole fractionmultiplicative bias

Product_

Temperature

Temperature_Proc

TK units Deg F Product temperature in

Product_Gravity Gravity_

Proc

TK units Spgr@60DegF/60DegF

Product specific gravity.

Product_WatK WatsonK_

Proc

Product Watson K factor.

Product_Molwt Molwt_Proc Strip_Med_Type = 0 Product molecular weight.



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Product_Yield_

Gain

Strip_Med_Type = 0 Multiplier applied to the calculated productyield

Strip_Med_Flow Molwt_Proc Strip_Med_Type = 0 TK units Mlb/hr Mass flow of Stripping medium enteringthe stripper

Strip_Med_Temperature

Temperature_Proc

Strip_Med_Type = 0

Draw_Flow_Type = 1

TK units Deg F Stripping medium temperature

Strip_Med_Molwt Molwt_Proc Strip_Med_Type = 0 TK units Stripping medium molecular weight

Unit_Feed_Flow Flow_Proc Strip_Med_Type = 0 TK units Mlb/hr Feed to the column

Unit_Feed_Gravity

Gravity_

Proc

Strip_Med_Type = 0 TK units Spgr@60DegF/60DegF

Specific gravity of the unit feed stream.

Draw_Temperature

Temperature_Proc

Strip_Med_Type = 0 TK units Deg F Draw flow temperature

Draw_Molwt Molwt_Proc Strip_Med_Type = 0 Draw flow molecular weight.

Draw_Flow_Type Strip_Med_Type = 0 Flag indicating whether to calculate thedraw flow or to use user supplied one (0 =user supplied, 1 =calculate)

Draw_Flow Flow_Proc Strip_Med_Type = 0

Draw_Flow_Type = 0

TK units Mlb/hr Draw mass flow entering the stripper

Draw_Flow_Conv_Fact

Strip_Med_Type = 0

Draw_Flow_Type = 1

Multiplier to go from user units to Mlb/hr.Used to output calculated draw flow inuser units.

Draw_Gravity Gravity_

Proc

Strip_Med_Type = 0

Draw_Flow_Type = 1


Draw flow specific gravity.

Fraction_Stripped_Nels_Const

Strip_Med_Type = 0

Draw_Flow_Type = 1

Nelson's constant used to calculate thepercent of material stripped

Fraction_Stripped_Coeff

Strip_Med_Type = 0

Draw_Flow_Type = 1

Constant used to calculate the percent ofmaterial stripped.

Stripper_Amb_DeltaT

Strip_Med_Type = 0 TK units Deg F Temperature drop across the stripper dueto ambient heat

Pressure Pressure_

Proc

TK units psig Process pressure

Local_Pressure psi Local atmospheric pressure

Press_Conv_Fact Multiplier to go from user units to psi.Used to output partial pressure in userabsolute units.



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D86_Type Calculation to perform (2= d86 10%,8=User supplied EFV to D86 coefficientsto calculate 10% point)

CoeffA D86_Type = 8 The A coefficient in the EFV to D86conversion

CoeffB D86_Type = 8 The B coefficient in the EFV to D86conversion

CoeffC D86_Type = 8 The C coefficient in the EFV to D86conversion

Filter_Type Filter to be used (0 = none, 1 = First orderlag filter, 2 to 5 not yet supported). Detailsof how to use the filter functions can befound in Profit Toolkit FunctionsReference.

Filter_Coeff_Num Number of filter coefficients being passed.Not required if Filter Type = 0. Details ofhow to use the filter functions can befound in Profit Toolkit FunctionsReference.

Filter_Coeff[ ] Filter coefficients being passed in. Notrequired if Filter Type = 0. Details of howto use the filter functions can be found inProfit Toolkit Functions Reference.

Filter_Shift_Num Number of past values necessary for filter.Not required if Filter Type = 0. Details ofhow to use the filter functions can befound in Profit Toolkit FunctionsReference.

Etime Application\ETime

Minutes Application execution time

Added_Bias_Raw User units Additive bias applied to the flash pointtemperature


Minutes Filter time for the flash point temperatureadditive bias

Flash_Conv_Fact Flag indicating flash point temperatureuser units (0 = Deg F; 1 = Deg C). Usedto output flash in user units.



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LGV_Num The number of intervals to hold the lastgood value.

If LGV_Num > 0, this indicates thenumber of intervals the last good valuewill be held.




RetNum The maximum number of simultaneouserror messages that can be raised for thisfunction.


Output table








EFV_User_Units User units Calculated EFV of the stripped material

D86_User_Units Calculated D86 10% point of the stripped material

Yield_Biased_EFV_User_Units

User units EFV after biasing with yield

Fraction_Stripped Fraction of material stripped out of the draw

Calcd_Mole_

Fraction

Calculated mole fraction of the material stripped only calculated if theStrip_Med_Type = 0



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Output table



Biased_Mole_

Fraction

Mole fraction used to calculate the partial pressure

Partial_Press_

User_Units

User units Partial pressure of the stripped material in user absolute units

Partial_Press_TK_Units TK units psia Partial pressure of the stripped material

Calcd_Draw_Flow User units Calculated draw volumetric flow. If the draw flow is user supplied this value is notcalculated.

Draw_Moles lb-moles/hr Calculated moles of the draw

Product_Moles lb-moles/hr Calculated moles of the product

Strip_Med_Moles lb-Moles/hr Calculated moles of the stripping medium

Product_Yield Calculated yield of the product

Value_User_Units User units Calculated flash point temperature

Value_TK_Units TK units Deg F Calculated flash point temperature in

Prod_in_Error No longer used.




Multiply_Bias_Shift Previous filtered multiplicative bias storage




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Return StatusTable


Return Status Table


0 No error occurred



3 The number of product streams is a bad value.

4 The number of product streams is less than zero.

5 Product flow is a bad value. Product number %d is the product in error.

6 Stripper medium type must be either 0 or 1.

7 Draw temperature is a bad value

8 Product temperature is a bad value

9 Stripper ambient delta is a bad value

10 Product gravity is a bad value

11 Product gravity is less than or equal to zero.

12 Unit feed flow is a bad value

13 Unit feed flow is less than or equal to zero.

14 Unit feed gravity is a bad value

15 Unit feed gravity is less than or equal to zero.

16 Spare message.

17 Draw flow type must be either 0 or 1.

18 Fraction stripped Nelson constant is a bad value

19 Stripping medium temperature is a bad value

20 Fraction stripped coefficient is a bad value

21 The sum of all the product flow is less than or equal to zero.

22 The fraction stripped coefficient is negligible or zero.

23 The calculated fraction stripped must be between 0 and 1.

24 Draw flow conversion factor is a bad value

25 Draw flow conversion factor is less than or equal to zero.

26 Draw gravity is a bad value

27 Draw gravity is less than or equal to zero.

28 Draw flow is a bad value

29 Product molecular weight is a bad value



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Return Status Table


30 Product molecular weight is less than or equal to zero.

31 Draw molecular weight is a bad value

32 Draw molecular weight is less than or equal to zero.

33 Stripper medium weight is a bad value

34 Stripper medium molecular weight is less than or equal to zero.

35 Stripper medium flow is a bad value

36 Mole fraction is a bad value

37 Pressure is a bad value

38 Local pressure is a bad value

39 Pressure conversion factor is a bad value

40 Pressure conversion factor is less than or equal to zero.

41 Product yield gain is a bad value

42 The ASTM D86 10% calculation type must be either 2 or 8.

43 Flash point conversion factor is a bad value


45 The Draw_Moles – Product_Moles + Strip_Med_Moles is equal to zero. Can't calculateCalcd_Mole_Fraction



48 Errors calculating the EFV temperature. See associated message from EFV_Temp function

49 Errors calculating the D86 point. See associated message from EFV_To_D86 function

50 Errors filtering the flash point. See associated message from Filter function

141 - 146 An error occurred in the Filter_First_Ord_Lag function. Details of the error can be found by looking upthe resulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

155 - 160 An error occurred in the Filter function. Details of the error can be found by looking up the resultingstatus value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

206 - 211 An error occurred in the EFV_Temp function. Details of the error can be found by looking up theresulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

212 - 221 An error occurred in the EFV_To_D86 function. Details of the error can be found by looking up theresulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

Negative errors Last good value holding is active. The error that is causing the bad value can be determined bylooking up the positive of the error value.



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Examples Table The following table shows example calculations (showing settings for the maininputs and outputs) for the Flash_PT function.

Examples Table

Parameters

[ ] denotesarray

Input /Output

Example 1 – Calculatedraw flow, Strippermedium type stripper.Output flash, EFV andD86 in Deg C.

Example 2 – Usersupplied draw flow,Stripper medium typestripper. Output flash,EFV and D86 in Deg F.

Comment

Product_Num I 1 1

Product_Flow[ ] I 39613 Mlb/hr 39613 Mlb/hr Flow is mass flow in toolkitunits

Strip_Med_Type I 0 0

Mole_Fraction I 1 1

Multiply_Bias_

Raw

I 1 1

Multiply_Bias_

Filt_Time

I 0 0

Product_

Temperature

I 385.00 Deg F 385.00 Deg F

Product_Gravity I 0.8090 spgr 0.8090 spgr

Product_WatK I 11.866 11.866

Product_Molwt I 171.61 171.61

Product_Yield_

Gain

I 0.2600 0.2600

Strip_Med_Flow I 719.50 Mlb/hr 719.50 Mlb/hr

Strip_Med_Temperature

I 375.00 Deg F 375.00 Deg F

Strip_Med_Molwt I 18 18

Unit_Feed_Flow I 347012.35 Mlb/hr 347012.35 Mlb/hr

Unit_Feed_Gravity

I 0.8086 spgr 0.8086 spgr

Draw_Temperature

I 420.10 Deg F 420.10 Deg F

Draw_Molwt I 174.11 174.11

Draw_Flow_Type I 1 0 Draw flow is provided inexample 2 and iscalculated in example 1.



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Examples Table

Parameters

[ ] denotesarray

Input /Output



Comment

Draw_Flow I 42572.79 Mlb/hr Draw flow is provided inexample 2 and iscalculated in example 1.

Draw_Flow_Conv_Fact

I 1

Draw_Gravity I 0.8086 spgr

Fraction_Stripped_Nels_Const

I 0.8000

Fraction_Stripped_Coeff

I 5.0000

Pressure I 41.8 psig 41.8 psig

Local_Pressure I 14.696 psi 14.696 psi

Press_Conv_Fact I 1 0.1450 Example 2, multiplier toconvert from Kpa to psi.

D86_Type I 2 2

CoeffA I

CoeffB I

CoeffC I

Filter_Type I 0 0

Added_Bias_Raw I 1 1


I 0 0

Flash_Conv_Fact I 1 0 Example 1 temperatureoutputs are in Deg C.

Example 2 temperatureoutputs are in Deg F.

Ret_Status O 0 0

EFV_User_Units O 197.07 Deg C 386.74 Deg C

D86_User_Units O 175.77 Deg C 348.39 Deg C

Yield_Biased_EFV_User_Units

O 195.43 Deg C 383.77 Deg C

Fraction_Stripped O 0.0695 --------

Calcd_Mole_Fract O 0.2550 0.2550



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Examples Table

Parameters

[ ] denotesarray

Input /Output



Comment

ion

Biased_Mole_Fraction

O 0.2550 0.2550

Partial_Press_User_Units

O 14.408 psia 99.362 kpa Example 2 is output inKpa, see pressureconversion factor above

Partial_Press_TK_Units

O 14.408 psia 14.408 psig

Calcd_Draw_Flow O 52650. Mlb/hr -------- Draw flow output is involumetric flow units.

Draw_Moles O 244.52 244.52

Product_Moles O 230.83 230.83

Product_Yield O 11.410 11.410

Strip_Med_Moles O 39.972 39.972

Value_User_Units O 53.992 Deg C 129.19 Deg F

Value_TK_Units O 129.19 Deg F 129.19 Deg F

Prod_in_Error O 0 0



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Section 4 - Freeze and Pour Point (Freez_Pour_Pt)

4.1 OverviewIn This Section This toolkit function calculates the freeze point or pour point of a petroleum

fraction. The calculation requires the ASTM D86 50% point and the parafinicityto determine where within a high and low range the actual values exists. Prior tooutputting the freeze or pour point temperature the value is filtered, converted touser units and biased. Last good value holding is also available.

Section 4 - Freeze and Pour Point (Freez_Pour_Pt)4.2 Detail Description


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The following table shows the algorithm used by Freez_Pour_Pt to calculate thefreeze or pour point:


Step # Description

1. Filter the added bias. Use the first order lag filter.

2. Calculate the Temperature Boiling Point (TBP 50%) which is a function of D86 50%.

TBP_TK_Units = ƒ( D86_50)

3. Calculate the freeze point range (high and low) based on the TBP 50% point and Watson K.

Hi_Value_TK_Units = ƒ( TBP_TK_Units, WatK)

Lo_Value_TK_Units. = ƒ( TBP_TK_Units, WatK)

4. Calculate the Watson K ratio WatK_Ratio.

WatK_Ratio = ƒ(WatK)

5. Calculate the freeze point in toolkit units by interpolating between the high and low range using theWatson K ratio.

Freeze_Point = ƒ(Hi_Value_TK_Units, Lo_Value_TK_Units, WatK_Ratio)

6. If the user requires pour point to be calculated (i.e. Calc_Type = 1) then calculate the pour point as afunction of freeze point.

Pour_Point = ƒ( Freeze_Point)

7. Convert freeze or pour point to user units.

8. Filter the calculated freeze or pour point based on the supplied Filter_Type.

9. Bias the filtered freeze or pour point user value by adding the filtered additive Bias.

10. Convert the biased freeze or pour point back to toolkit units.

11. Call Last_Good_Value utility function to provide last good value processing. After this function thefreeze or pour point is stored in Value_User_Units and Value_TK_Units. Value_TK_Units can be usedas input to other functions.



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AssociatedFunctions


• D86_EFV_Pt

• WatsonK_Proc

A Caution aboutBias Values



CautionConversion factors (Conv_Fact) are provided to convert output values to userunits.



Source Only Req’dif


D86_50 D86_EFV_Pt TK unit Deg F ASTM D86 50% point

WatK WatsonK_Proc Watson K factor

Calc_Type Flag indicating whether to calculate freeze orpour point (0 = Freeze, 1 = Pour)

Filter_Type Filter to be used (0 = none, 1 = First orderlag filter, 2 to 5 not yet supported). Details ofhow to use the filter functions can be foundin Profit Toolkit Functions Reference.

Filter_Coeff_Num Number of filter coefficients being passed.Not required if Filter Type = 0. Details of howto use the filter functions can be found inProfit Toolkit Functions Reference.

Filter_Coeff[ ] Filter coefficients being passed in. Notrequired if Filter Type = 0. Details of how touse the filter functions can be found in ProfitToolkit Functions Reference.

Filter_Shift_Num Number of past values necessary for filter.Not required if Filter Type = 0. Details of howto use the filter functions can be found inProfit Toolkit Functions Reference.



Added_Bias_Raw User units Additive bias applied to the freeze or pourpoint


Minutes Filter time for the additive bias



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Source Only Req’dif


Conv_Fact Flag indicating freeze or pour point userunits (0 = Deg F; 1 = Deg C). Used to outputfreeze or pour point in user units.

LGV_Num The number of intervals to hold the last goodvalue.

If LGV_Num > 0, this indicates the numberof intervals the last good value will be held.



For more details see Profit Toolkit FunctionsReference.

RetNum The maximum number of simultaneous errormessages that can be raised for thisfunction.


Output table





RetMessage[RetNum]

Array of current Error/Warning Messages.



TBP_TK_Units TK units Deg F Calculated TPB point

Lo_Value_TK_Units TK units Deg F Low TPB range value

Hi_Value_TK_Units TK units Deg F High TPB range value

HiLo_Delta TK units Deg F Difference between hi and low TPB range



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Output table



WatK_Ratio Interpolation value used to determine location within the high and low value TPBrange

Value_User_Units User units Calculated temperature value

Value_TK_Units TK units Deg F Calculated temperature value




Added_Bias_Shift Previous additive bias

Return StatusTable


Return Status Table


0 No error occurred


2 The ASTM D86 50% point is a bad value.

3 The Watson K factor is a bad value.

4 The Watson K factor is less than 11.3

5 The Watson K is factor greater than 12.1

6 Calculation Type must be either 0 or 1.

7 Conversion Factor input is a bad value


9 Errors filtering the freeze/pour point. See associated message from Filterfunction

141 - 146 An error occurred in the Filter_First_Ord_Lag function. Details of the error canbe found by looking up the resulting status value in the Profit Toolkit FunctionsReference

155 - 160 An error occurred in the Filter function. Details of the error can be found bylooking up the resulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

Negative errors Last good value holding is active. The error that is causing the bad value canbe determined by looking up the positive of the error value



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Examples Table The following table shows example calculations (showing settings for the maininputs and outputs) for the Freez_Pour_Pt function.

Examples Table

Parameters Input /Output

Example 1 –Flash Point inDeg F

Example 2 –Flash Point inDeg C

Example 3 –Pour Point inDeg F

Example 4 –Pour Point inDeg C

D86_50 I 422 Deg F 422 Deg F 352.55 Deg F 352.55 Deg F

WatK I 12.0 12.0 11.300 11.300

Calc_Type I 0 0 1 1

Filter_Type I 0 0 0 0

Added_Bias_Raw I 0 0 0 0

Conv_Fact I 0 1 0 1

Ret_Status O 0 0 0 0

TBP_TK_Units O 426.48 Deg F 426.48 Deg F 355.50 Deg F 355.50 Deg F

Lo_Value_TK_Units O -42.178 Deg F -42.178 Deg F -95.702 Deg F -95.702 Deg F

Hi_Value_TK_Units O -4.3280 Deg F -4.3280 Deg F -71.520 Deg F -71.520 Deg F

HiLo_Delta O -37.850 Deg F -37.850 Deg F -24.182 Deg F -24.182 Deg F

WatK_Ratio O 0.7500 0.7500 0.0000 0.0000

Value_User_Units O -13.790 Deg F -25.439 Deg C -100.70 Deg F -73.723 Deg C

Value_TK_Units O -13.790 Deg F -13.790 Deg F -100.70 Deg F -100.70 Deg F


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Section 5 Internal Liquid and Vapor (Int_LandV)

5.1 OverviewIn This Section This toolkit function calculates the internal liquid and vapor flow inside a

distillation column. The calculation is based on a material and energy balancearound a user specified envelope. This function also calculates the enthalpy of theinternal liquid and vapors streams. Prior to outputting the internal liquid andinternal vapor the value is filtered, converted to user units and biased. Last goodvalue holding is also available.

Section 5 Internal Liquid and Vapor (Int_LandV)5.2 Detail Description


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The following table shows the algorithm used by Int_LandV to calculate theinternal liquid and vapor.


Step # Description1. Calculate the Qnet:

Calculate the heat contribution of each stream (do not include streams that are steam at the envelope).

If Stream_Qvap_Type != 4 then

Heat_Contribution[i] = Stream_Flow[i] * Stream_Enth[i] * Stream_In_or_Out[i]

Filter the Heat_Contribution for each stream. Use the first order lag filter.

Sum up the filtered Heat_Contribution’s of each stream. This provides the Qnet value.

Qnet = Σ Heat_Contribution[i]

2. Calculate Qvap for streams characterized as vapor or gas at the envelope.

Do the following for each stream:

If Stream_Qvap_Type = Vapor then call Utility function Enth_HC to calculate the enthalpy of the vaporstream at the envelope.

Stream_Vap_Enth[i] = Enth_HC(Vap_Temperature, Vap_Pressure, Stream_Gravity[i], Stream_WatK[i],STREAM_VAPOR, Local_Pressure)

If Stream_QVap_Type = Gas then call Utility function Enth_Gas to calculate the enthalpy of the gas streamat the envelope.

Stream_Vap_Enth[i] = Enth_Gas(Vap_Temperature, Stream_CoeffA[i], Stream_CoeffB[i],Stream_CoeffC[i], Stream_CoeffD[i], Stream_CoeffE[i], Stream_CoeffF[i])

If Stream_QVap_Type = Steam then call Utility function Enth_Stm to calculate the enthalpy of the steamstream at the envelope.

Stream_Vap_Enth[i] = Enth_Stm(Vap_Temperature, Vap_Pressure,Local_Pressure, sat_temp, sat_enth)

Calculate the heat contribution of each stream that is characterized as vapor or gas at the envelope.

Heat_Contribution[i] = Stream_Flow[i] * Stream_Vap_Enth[i] * Stream_In_or_Out[i]

If steam then:

Heat_Contribution[i] = Stream_Flow[i] * Stream_Vap_Enth[i] * Stream_In_or_Out[i] * -1

Note:

Sum up the Heat_Contribution’s of each stream. This provides the Qvap value.

Qvap = Σ Heat_Contribution[i]



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Step # Description3. Call the Utility function Enth_HC to calculate internal liquid and vapor enthalpy.

Liq_Enth_TK_Units = Enth_HC(Liq_Temperature, Liq_Pressure, Liq_Gravity, Liq_WatK, STREAM_LIQUID,Local_Pressure)

Vap_Enth_TK_Units = Enth_HC(Vap_Temperature, Vap_Pressure, Vap_Gravity, Vap_WatK,STREAM_VAPOR, Local_Pressure)

4. Convert internal liquid and vapor enthalpy to user units.Output the value in Liq_Enth_User_Units and Vap_Enth_User_Units.

5. Calculate internal liquid rate via a simultaneous material and energy balance. Incorporate Qloss into thecalculation.Liq = (Qnet + Qloss – Qvap) / (Vap_Enth_TK_Units - Liq_Enth_TK_Units)

6. If the Calc_Direction is bottom->up then set the internal liquid value negative.

7. CALCULATE INTERNAL VAPOR RATECalculate the sum of the mass flows for the streams that are characterized as vapor, gas or steam at theenvelope. Note: These are the same streams that the form Qvap.If Stream_Vap_Type = 2, 3 or 4 thenVap = ΣStream_Flow[I] * Stream_In_or_Out[i]Calculate the internal vapor rateVap = Vap + Liq

8. If the user requires the internal liquid to be output as a volumetric-flow (i.e. User_V_or_M = 0) then convertfrom mass-flow to volumetric-flow.Liq = Liq / Liq_Gravity.Vap = Vap / Vap_Gravity.

9. Call Utility function Mol_WT to calculate the molecular weight of the liquid and vapor for output purposesonly.Liq_Molwt = Mol_WT(Liq_Gravity, Liq_WatK)Vap_Molwt. = Mol_WT(Vap _Gravity, Vap _WatK)

10. Filter the internal liquid and internal vapor based on the supplied Filter_Type.

11. Convert the internal liquid and vapor to user units.

12. Call Last_Good_Value utility function to provide last good value processing. After this function the internalliquid is stored in Liq_Value_User_Units and Liq_Value_TK_Units and the vapor liquid is stored inVap_Value_User_Units and Vap_Value_TK_Units Liq_Value_TK_Units and Vap_Value_TK_Units can beused as input to other functions.



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Step # DescriptionAssociatedFunctions


• Flow_Proc

• WatsonK_Proc

• Enth_Proc


• Pressure_Proc

• Gravity_ProcA Caution aboutConversionFactors

CautionConversion factors (Enth_Conv_Fact, Flow_Conv_Fact) are provided to convert outputvalues to user units.




Stream_Num Number of streams in the envelope(do not include internal Liquid andVapor streams).

Stream_Flow[ ] Flow_Proc Stream_Num > 0 TK units Mlb/hr Mass Flow of each stream

Stream_In_or_Out[ ] Stream_Num > 0 Defines the orientation of eachstream relative to the envelope (-1= in, 1 = out)

Stream_QVap_Type[]

Stream_Num > 0 Characteristic of the stream asvapor at the envelope (0 = Not inQVAP calculation, 2 = vapor, 3 =gas, 4=Steam).

Stream_Gravity[ ] Gravity_Proc Stream_Num > 0

Stream_Qvap_Type= 2


Gravity of the stream which ischaracterized as vapor at theenvelope.

Stream_WatK[ ] WatsonK_Proc Stream_Num > 0

Stream_Qvap_Type= 2

Watson K factor of the streamwhich is characterized as vapor atthe envelope.

Stream_Enth[ ] Enth_Proc Stream_Num > 0Stream_Qvap_Type!= 4

TK units MBTU/lb Enthalpy of each stream. Used incalculating Qnet.

Note: The enthalpy is not requiredfor streams that are steam atenvelope.



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Stream_HcHold[ ] Stream_Num > 0 Saved hydrocarbon correctionvalue for stream enthalpy.

Note: The user is not required toenter this value

Enth_Conv_Fact Multiplier to convert from user unitsto toolkit units MBTU/lb. Used tooutput enthalpy in user units.

Stream_CoeffA[ ] Stream_QVap_Type = 3

Gas enthalpy A coefficient. Usedby Enth_Gas utility routine.Entered as listed in API.

Stream_CoeffB[ ] Stream_QVap_Type = 3

Gas enthalpy B coefficient. Usedby Enth_Gas utility routine.Entered as listed in API

Stream_CoeffC[ ] Stream_QVap_Type = 3

Gas enthalpy C coefficient. Usedby Enth_Gas utility routine.Entered as listed in API. EnterC*103

Stream_CoeffD[ ] Stream_QVap_Type = 3

Gas enthalpy D coefficient. Usedby Enth_Gas utility routine.Entered as listed in API. EnterD*106

Stream_CoeffE[ ] Stream_QVap_Type = 3

Gas enthalpy E coefficient. Usedby Enth_Gas utility routine.Entered as listed in API. EnterE*1010

Stream_CoeffF[ ] Stream_QVap_Type = 3

Gas enthalpy F coefficient. Usedby Enth_Gas utility routine.Entered as listed in API. EnterF*1015

Stream_Lag_Time[ ] Minutes Lag time for the streams QNETcontribution

Liq_Temperature Temperature_Proc

TK units Deg F Temperature of liquid at theenvelope

Liq_Pressure Pressure_Proc TK units psig Pressure of the liquid at theenvelope

Liq_Gravity Gravity_Proc TK units Spgr@60DegF/60DegF

Gravity of the liquid at theenvelope in specific gravity units.

Liq_WatK WatsonK_Proc Watson K factor of the liquid at theenvelop.



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Liq_HcHold Saved hydrocarbon correctionvalue for liquid enthalpy


Vap_Temperature Temperature_Proc

TK units Deg F Temperature of vapor at theenvelop

Vap_Pressure Pressure_Proc TK units psig Pressure of the vapor at theenvelope

Vap_Gravity Gravity_Proc TK units Spgr@60DegF/60DegF

Gravity of the vapor at the envelop

Vap_WatK WatsonK_Proc Watson K factor of the vapor at theenvelop.

Vap_HcHold Saved hydrocarbon correctionvalue for vapor enthalpy


Qloss MMBTU Envelope’s heat lost to theambient

Calc_Direction Envelope direction (1 = top->down,-1 = bottom->up)


Filter_Type Filter to be used (0 = none, 1 =First order lag filter, 2 to 5 not yetsupported). Details of how to usethe filter functions can be found inProfit Toolkit Functions Reference.

Filter_Coeff_Num Number of filter coefficients beingpassed. Not required if Filter Type= 0. Details of how to use the filterfunctions can be found in ProfitToolkit Functions Reference.

Filter_Coeff[ ] Filter coefficients being passed in.Not required if Filter Type = 0.Details of how to use the filterfunctions can be found in ProfitToolkit Functions Reference.



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Filter_Shift_Num Number of past values necessaryfor filter. Not required if Filter Type= 0. Details of how to use the filterfunctions can be found in ProfitToolkit Functions Reference.



Flow_Conv_Fact Multiplier to go from user flow unitsto toolkit units (Mlb/hr). Used tooutput internal liquid and vaporvalues in user units.

User_V_or_M Certain flow values are output inuser units. This Flag indicateswhether these outputs should bevolumetric or mass flow. (0 =volumetric flow, 1 = mass flow)

LGV_Num The number of intervals to hold thelast good value.

If LGV_Num > 0, this indicates thenumber of intervals the last goodvalue will be held.

If LGV_Num = 0, then last goodvalue processing is turned off.

If LGV_Num < 0, then the lastgood value will be held indefinitely.


RetNum The maximum number ofsimultaneous error messages thatcan be raised for this function.



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Output table








Liq_Value_User_Units User units Calculated internal liquid value. Depending on the setting of User_V_or_M, thisvalue is either output in volumetric or mass flow.

Liq_Value_TK_Units TK units Mlb/hr Calculated internal liquid value (mass flow)

Vap_Value_User_Units User units Calculated internal vapor value. Depending on the setting of User_V_or_M, thisvalue is either output in volumetric or mass flow.

Vap_Value_TK_Units TK units Mlb/hr Calculated internal vapor value (mass flow)

Liq_Enth_User_Units User units Enthalpy of the internal liquid

Liq_Enth_TK_Units TK unitsMBTU/lb

Enthalpy of the internal liquid

Vap_Enth_User_Units User units Enthalpy of the internal vapor

Vap_Enth_TK_Units TK unitsMBTU/lb

Enthalpy of the internal vapor

Liq_Molwt Molecular weight of the internal liquid

Vap_Molwt Molecular weight of the internal liquid

Qnet TK unitsMMBTU/hr

Heat duty of the input streams to the envelope

Qvap TK unitsMMBTU/hr

Heat duty of the input streams as vapor at the envelope

Stream_in_Error No longer used.

Liq_LGV_Count Number of intervals liquid last good value held.

Vap_LGV_Count Number of intervals vapor last good value held.

Liq_LGV_Values[5] Last good values storage array for key internal liquid output variables

Vap_LGV_Values[5] Last good values storage array for key internal vapor output variables




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Output table



Stream_Vap_Enth[ ] TK unitsMBTU/lb

Calculated enthalpy of each input stream as vapor at the envelope

Stream_Qnet[ ] Previous lagged stream QNET value

Stream_HcHold[ ] Saved hydrocarbon correction value for stream enthalpy.

Return StatusTable


Return Status Table

Statusvalue

Description

0 No error occurred

1 The user-entered number of streams is either a bad value or less than zero.

2 Stream flow is a bad value. Stream number ____ is the stream in error.

3 Stream enthalpy is a bad value. Stream number ____ is the stream in error.

4 Stream In or Out is a bad value. Stream number ____ is the stream in error.

5 Stream In or Out must be either –1 or 1. Stream number ____ is the stream in error.

6 Stream type must be 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. Stream number ____ is the stream in error.

7 Enthalpy conversion factor is a bad value.

8 Enthalpy conversion factor is less than or equal to zero.

9 Qloss (the envelope’s heat lost to the ambient) is a bad value

10 The difference between the calculated vapor enthalpy and liquid enthalpy is negligible or zero.

11 Calculation direction is a bad value.

12 Calculation direction must be either -1 or 1.

13 The selected volumetric or mass output type (User_VorM) must be either 0 or 1.

14 Liquid gravity is a bad value

15 Liquid gravity is a negligible or zero.

16 Internal liquid and vapor conversion (flow) factor is a bad value

17 Internal liquid and vapor conversion (flow) factor is less than or equal to zero.

18 Vapor gravity is a bad value

19 Vapor gravity is a negligible or zero.

20 Errors filtering Stream QNET for stream number %d. See associated message from Filter function

21 Errors calculating hydrocarbon enthalpy for stream number %d. See associated message from Enth_Hc



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Return Status Table

Statusvalue

Description

function

22 Errors calculating gas enthalpy for stream number %d. See associated message from Enth_Gas function

23 Errors calculating steam enthalpy for stream number %d. See associated message from Enth_Gas function

24 Errors calculating liquid enthalpy. See associated message from Enth_Hc function

25 Errors calculating vapor enthalpy. See associated message from Enth_Hc function

26 Errors filtering internal liquid. See associated message from Filter function

27 Errors calculating liquid molecular weight. See associated message from Mol_Wt function

28 Errors calculating vapor molecular weight. See associated message from Mol_Wt function

101 - 104 An error occurred in the Press_PC function. Details of the error can be found by looking up the resultingstatus value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

105 - 108 An error occurred in the Temp_PC function. Details of the error can be found by looking up the resultingstatus value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

141 - 146 An error occurred in the Filter_First_Ord_Lag function. Details of the error can be found by looking up theresulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

155 - 160 An error occurred in the Filter function. Details of the error can be found by looking up the resulting statusvalue in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

179 - 182 An error occurred in the Mol_WT function. Details of the error can be found by looking up the resulting statusvalue in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

183 - 192 An error occurred in the Enth_HC function. Details of the error can be found by looking up the resulting statusvalue in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

193 - 197 An error occurred in the Enth_Stm function. Details of the error can be found by looking up the resultingstatus value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

198 - 205 An error occurred in the Enth_Gas function. Details of the error can be found by looking up the resultingstatus value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

Negativeerrors

Last good value holding is active. The error that is causing the bad value can be determined by looking upthe positive of the error value.



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Examples Table The following table shows example calculations (showing settings for the maininputs and outputs) for the Int_LandV function.

Examples Table

Parameters

[ ] denotes array

Input /Output

Example

(Note that commas separate each of the 15 inputs)

Stream_Num I 15

Stream_Flow[1..15] I 38.45166, 28.70702, 2.663225, 26.127883, 147.46615, 93.01587,13.100425, 500.135687, 500.135687, 45.932883, 495.2436, 495.2436,151.0788, 108.87714, 393.6856

Stream_In_or_Out[1..15] I 1, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, -1, 1

Stream_QVap_Type[1..15] I 3, 0, 0, 4, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2

Stream_Gravity[1..15] I 0, 0, 0.7303, 0.869, 0.76, 0.869, 0.8836, 0.8099, 0.8099, 0.8484, 0.8821,0.8821, 0.9378, 0.9378, 0.933

Stream_WatK[1..15] I 0, 0, 12.5474, 11.9245, 11.9057, 11.9245, 11.1935, 12.4546, 12.4546,12.0729, 12.0251, 12.0251, 11.9521, 11.9521, 11.6001

Stream_Enth[1..15] I 1.33615, 1.16995, 1.37367, 0, 0.339196, 0.261147, 0.385018229,0.195141196, 0.230502442, 0.277441949, 0.214917243, 0.340237767,0.328458905, 0.418759108, 0.426987052

Stream_CoeffA[1..15] I 120.092, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0

Stream_CoeffB[1..15] I 0.863233, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0

Stream_CoeffC[1..15] I 0.22007, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0

Stream_CoeffD[1..15] I 0.0079603, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0

Stream_CoeffE[1..15] I 0.163615, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0

Stream_CoeffF[1..15] I 0.287534, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0

Stream_Lag_Time[1..15] I 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0

Stream_Qnet[ ] I 3, 4, 4, 0, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1

Liq_Temperature I 647.123

Liq_Pressure I 0.242384

Liq_Gravity I 0.933

Liq_WatK I 11.6001

Liq_HcHold I 0

Vap_Temperature I 679.9784

Vap_Pressure I 0.242384

Vap_Gravity I 0.933

Vap_WatK I 11.6001



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Examples Table

Parameters

[ ] denotes array

Input /Output

Example


Vap_HcHold I 0

Qloss I 0.6

Calc_Direction I 1

Enth_Conv_Fact I 1

Local_Pressure I 14.696

Filter_Type I 0

Filter_Coeff_Num I 1

Filter_Coeff\1 I 6

Filter_Shift_Num I 1

Filter_Shift\1 I 0

Etime I 1

Flow_Conv_Fact I 1

User_V_or_M I 1

LGV_Num I 0

RetNum I 10

Ret_Status O 0

Liq_Value_User_Units O 211.8202209

Liq_Value_TK_Units O 211.8202209

Vap_Value_User_Units O 591.651123

Vap_Value_TK_Units O 591.651123

Liq_Enth_User_Units O 0.426987052

Liq_Enth_TK_Units O 0.426987052

Vap_Enth_User_Units O 0.537580788

Vap_Enth_TK_Units O 0.537580788

Liq_Molwt O 375.997406

Vap_Molwt O 375.997406

Liq_HcHold O ----

Vap_HcHold O -0.032461792

Qnet O 300.5473022

Qvap O 277.7213135

Stream_in_Error O 0

Stream_Vap_Enth[1..15] 1.379411101, ----, ----, 1.373252153, 0.587197959, 0.557193041,0.537536323, ----, ----, 0.564419389, ----, ----, 0.54768312, 0.54768312,0.537580788



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Examples Table

Parameters

[ ] denotes array

Input /Output

Example


Stream_Qnet[1..15] 51.37718582, 33.58577728, -3.658392191, ----, 50.01992798,24.29081535, 5.043902397, -97.59707642, 115.2824936, -12.74370861, -106.4363861, 168.5005798, -49.62317657, -45.59329224, 168.0986633

Stream_HcHold[1..15] ----, ----, ----, ----, 0.043954659, 0.018291477, 0.051843423, ----, ----,0.024502385, ----, ----, -0.222201854, -0. 222201854, -0.032461792



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Section 6 - Mole Fraction (Mole_Frac)

6.1 OverviewIn This Section This toolkit function calculates the mole fraction of a component mixture. The

mole fraction calculated represents the portion of the mixture that is inequilibrium at the process conditions (i.e. temperature and pressure). This is thenused to determine the portion of the pressure the material at equilibrium exerts onthe system. The calculated mole fraction is then filtered. Last good value holdingis also available.

Section 6 - Mole Fraction (Mole_Frac)6.2 Detail Description


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The following table shows the algorithm used by Mole_Frac to calculate the molefraction:


Step # Description

1. Calculate the moles in the numerator and denominator by summing up the moles for eachstream.

• Stream_Moles[I] = Stream_Flow[i] / Stream_Molwt[i]

• Moles_Numerator = Σ Stream_Moles[i] (for streams where Stream_Numerator[i] = 1)

• Moles_Denominator = Σ Stream_Moles[i] (in effect total moles)

2. Calculate the mole fraction

Mole_Frac = Moles_Numerator / Moles_Denominator

3. Filter the mole fraction based on the supplied Filter_Type.

4. Call Last_Good_Value utility function to provide last good value processing. After thisfunction the mole fraction is stored in Value_TK_Units. Value_TK_Units can be used asinput to other functions.

AssociatedFunctions


• Flow_Proc

• Molwt_Proc

Associated Functions



Stream_Num Number of streams included in calculation

Stream_Flow[ ] Flow_Proc Stream_Num > 0 TK unitsMlb/hr

Mass Flow of each stream.

Stream_Numerator[ ] Stream_Num > 0 Flag indicating whether to include the streamin the numerator of calculation (0 = no, 1 =yes). One flag per stream.

Stream_Molwt[ ] Molwt_Proc Stream_Num > 0 Molecular weight of each stream.

Filter_Type Filter to be used (0 = none, 1 = First order lagfilter, 2 to 5 not yet supported). Details of howto use the filter functions can be found inProfit Toolkit Functions Reference.



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Associated Functions



Filter_Coeff_Num Number of filter coefficients being passed. Notrequired if Filter Type = 0. Details of how touse the filter functions can be found in ProfitToolkit Functions Reference.

Filter_Coeff[ ] Filter coefficients being passed in. Notrequired if Filter Type = 0. Details of how touse the filter functions can be found in ProfitToolkit Functions Reference.

Filter_Shift_Num Number of past values necessary for filter. Notrequired if Filter Type = 0. Details of how touse the filter functions can be found in ProfitToolkit Functions Reference.




If LGV_Num > 0, this indicates the number ofintervals the last good value will be held.


If LGV_Num < 0, then the last good value willbe held indefinitely.


RetNum The maximum number of simultaneous errormessages that can be raised for this function.


Output table





RetMessage[RetNum]




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Output table





Moles_Numerator Moles Total moles in the numerator

Moles_Denominator Moles Total moles in the denominator

Stream_Moles[ ] lb-moles/hr Moles of each stream


Value_TK_Units Calculated mole fraction




Return StatusTable


Return Status Table

Statusvalue

Description

0 No error occurred

1 Number of streams is a bad value.

2 Number of streams is less than zero.


4 Stream molecular weight is a bad value. Stream number ____ is the stream in error.

5 Stream molecular weight is less than or equal to zero. Stream number ____ is the stream in error.

6 Stream numerator is a bad value. Stream number ____ is the stream in error.

7 Stream numerator must be either 0 or 1. Stream number ____ is the stream in error.

8 The calculated Moles_Denominator is zero or negligible.

9 Errors filtering mole fraction. See associated message from Filter function

141 -146

An error occurred in the Filter_First_Ord_Lag function. Details of the error can be found by looking up theresulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

155 -160

An error occurred in the Filter function. Details of the error can be found by looking up the resulting statusvalue in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

Negativeerrors

Last good value holding is active. The error that is causing the bad value can be determined by looking up thepositive of the error value



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Examples Table The following table shows example calculations (showing settings for the maininputs and outputs) for the Mole_Frac function.

Parameters Input/

Output

Example 1 – MoleFrac= 1 Example 2 – MoleFrac= 0.5

Stream_Num I 5 5

Stream_Flow\1 I 100 200





Stream_Numerator\1 I 1 1





Stream_Molwt\1 I 180 180





Filter_Type I 0 0

Ret_Status O 0 0

Moles_Numerator O 3.308922 1.666667

Moles_Denominator O 3.308922 3.333333

Stream_Moles\1 O 0.555556 1.111111

Stream_Moles\2 O 0.604396 0.555556

Stream_Moles\3 O 0.652174 0.555556

Stream_Moles\4 O 0.698925 0.555556

Stream_Moles\5 O 0.797872 0.555556

Stream_in_Error O 0 0

Value_TK_Units O 1 0.5



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Section 7 - Pressure Compensated Temperature (PcompT)7.1 OverviewIn This Section This toolkit function pressure compensates a temperature based on Antoine’s

equation. Prior to outputting the pressure compensated temperature the value isfiltered and converted to user units. Last good value holding is also available.

Section 7 - Pressure Compensated Temperature (PcompT)7.2 Detail Description


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The following table shows the algorithm used by PCompT to calculate thepressure compensated temperature:


Step # Description

1. Currently only Antoine_Type = 0 is supported.

2. Convert temperature, pressure and reference pressure to proper units for Antoine equation. Referencepressure is provided in user gauge units, and is converted to psia as follows:

(Ref_Pressure + Local_Pressure) * Ref_Press_Conv_Fact

Note that Ref_Press_Conv_Fact is only used to convert from user gauge units to psig.

3. Pressure compensate the temperature using Antoine’s equation.

PcompT = ƒ (pressure, reference pressure, AntoineA and AntoineB).

4. Convert pressure compensated temperature to user units.

5. Filter the pressure compensated temperature based on the supplied Filter_Type.

6. Call Last_Good_Value utility function to provide last good value processing. After this function the pressurecompensated temperature is stored in Value_User_Units and Value_TK_Units. Value_TK_Units can be usedas input to other functions.

AssociatedFunctions



• Pressure_ProcA Caution aboutConversionFactors

CautionConversion factors (Conv_Fact) is provided to convert output values to userunits.

The Ref_Press_Conv_Fact is an exception as it is used to convert the inputreference pressure to toolkit units.

Input table The input table provides a description of the function inputs.

Input table


Source OnlyReq’d if


Temperature Temperature_Proc TK units Deg F Process temperature

Pressure Pressure_Proc TK units psig Process pressure




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Input table




Ref_Pressure User units(gauge)

Reference pressure in user gauge units

Ref_Press_Conv_Fact

Reference pressure multiplier to go from usergauge units to psig

Antoine_Type The basis of the Antoine coefficients (0 =natural logarithm). Currently only Antoine_Typetypes of zero are supported.

AntoineA Antoine_Type = 0

Antoine A coefficient of the component mixture

AntoineB Antoine_Type = 0

Antoine B coefficient of the component mixture

Filter_Type Filter to be used (0 = none, 1 = First order lagfilter, 2 to 5 not yet supported). Details of howto use the filter functions can be found in ProfitToolkit Functions Reference.

Filter_Coeff_Num Number of filter coefficients being passed. Notrequired if Filter Type = 0. Details of how to usethe filter functions can be found in Profit ToolkitFunctions Reference.

Filter_Coeff[ ] Filter coefficients being passed in. Not requiredif Filter Type = 0. Details of how to use the filterfunctions can be found in Profit ToolkitFunctions Reference.

Filter_Shift_Num Number of past values necessary for filter. Notrequired if Filter Type = 0. Details of how to usethe filter functions can be found in Profit ToolkitFunctions Reference.


Conv_Fact Flag indicating temperature user units (0 = DegF; 1 = Deg C). Used to output the compensatedtemperature in user units.



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Input table





If LGV_Num > 0, this indicates the number ofintervals the last good value will be held.


If LGV_Num < 0, then the last good value willbe held indefinitely.


RetNum The maximum number of simultaneous errormessages that can be raised for this function.


Output table




RetStatus[RetNum]

Array of current function return statuses. See Return Status Table below fordetails.

RetMessage[RetNum]




Value_User_Units User units Calculated pressure compensated temperature value

Value_TK_Units Toolkit units DegF

Calculated pressure compensated temperature value




Return StatusTable




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Return Status Table


0 No error occurred

1 The temperature is a bad value.



4 The reference pressure is a bad value.

5 The reference pressure conversion factor is a bad value.

6 Antoine type must be zero. Currently this is the only Antoine Type supported.

7 The calculated absolute pressure (in mmHG absolute units) is less than or equal to zero.

8 The calculated absolute reference pressure (in mmHG absolute units) is less than or equal to zero.

9 The logarithm of the calculated absolute pressure minus the Antoine A coefficient is less than or equal tozero.

10 The logarithm of the calculated absolute reference pressure minus the Antoine A coefficient is less than orequal to zero.

11 The pressure compensated temperature conversion factor is a bad value.

12 The Antoine A coefficient is a bad value.

13 The Antoine B coefficient is a bad value.

14 Errors filtering pressure compensated temperature. See associated message from Filter function

141 - 146 An error occurred in the Filter_First_Ord_Lag function. Details of the error can be found by looking up theresulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

155 - 160 An error occurred in the Filter function. Details of the error can be found by looking up the resulting statusvalue in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

Negative errors Last good value holding is active. The error that is causing the bad value can be determined by looking upthe positive of the error value.



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Example Table

Examples Table

Parameters Input /Output

Example 1 –Output in Deg C

Description

Temperature I 150.52 Deg F

Pressure I 22.110 psig

Local_Pressure I 14.6961705 psi

Ref_Pressure I 38.290 psig Gauge units in

Ref_Press_Conv_Fact I 1.0

Antoine_Type I 0

AntoineA I 15.7723

AntoineB I 2153.100

Filter_Type I 0

Conv_Fact I 1 Output User units in Celcius

Output I

Ret_Status O 0

Value_User_Units O 77.991 Deg C

Value_TK_Units O 172.38 Deg F


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Section 8 - Reid Vapor Pressure (Reid_Vap_Press)8.1 OverviewIn This Section This toolkit function calculates the Reid vapor pressure of a petroleum fraction or

other hydrocarbon based component mixture. Prior to outputting the Reid vaporpressure the value is filtered converted to user units and biased. Last good valueholding is also available.

Section 8 - Reid Vapor Pressure (Reid_Vap_Press)8.2 Detail Description


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The following table shows the algorithm used by Reid_Vap_Press to calculate theReid Vapor Pressure:


Step # Description

1. Filter the RVP added bias. Use the first order lag filter.

Filter the absolute pressure multiplicative bias. Use the first order lag filter.

Filter the slope additive bias. Use the first order lag filter.

2. Calculate absolute pressure, compensate with steam pressure if required:

Calculate absolute pressure

Press_abs = Pressure + Local_Pressure

If Steam_Press_Conv_Fact is not equal to -1 compensate with steam pressure. Prior tocompensating convert steam pressure in user units to psia

press_abs = press_abs - (Steam_Pressure * Steam_Press_Conv_Fact)

3. Bias the absolute pressure by multiplying it with the multiplicative bias.

4. If slope is user supplied (i.e. Slope_Type = 0)

Output as Slope_User_Units.

Otherwise calculate the slope (i.e. Slope_Type = 1).

Call the EFV_Temp Utility function to convert from process temperature to EFVtemperature.

EFV = EFV_Temp(Temperature, Press_abs, WatK)

Call the EFV_To_D86 Utility function Calculate the D86 10% point.

D86_10_TK_Units = EFV_To_D86(EFV, Gravity, D86_10_Type, D86_10_CoeffA,D86_10_CoeffB, D86_10_CoeffC)

Call the EFV_To_D86 Utility function Calculate the D86 30% point.

D86_30_TK_Units = EFV_To_D86(EFV, Gravity, D86_30_Type, D86_30_CoeffA,D86_30_CoeffB, D86_30_CoeffC)

For output purposes convert the EFV and D86 to user units.

Output to EFV_User_Units, D86_10_User_Units and D86_30_User_Units.

Calculate the D86 10% point slope:

Slope = (D86_30_TK_Units - D86_10_TK_Units) / (30 – 10)

5. Bias the slope by adding the filtered slope bias and convert it to user units.

Output as Slope_User_Units.



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Step # Description

6. Calculate RVP using the Newton Raphson iterative technique. This technique is used toback-calculate RVP. The user should supply a reasonable value in Init_RVP as the initialRVP value used in the first iteration of the calculation.

Fn_Value = ƒ(RVP, Slope), note that Fn_Value is pressure.

Fn_Derivative = ƒ’(RVP, Slope)

Fn_RVP is the RVP on the final iteration in toolkit units.

7. Convert RVP to user units.

8. Filter the RVP based on the supplied Filter_Type.

9. Bias the filtered RVP user value by adding the additive bias.

10. Convert the biased RVP back to toolkit units.

11. Call Last_Good_Value utility function to provide last good value processing. After thisfunction the RVP is stored in Value_User_Units and Value_TK_Units. Value_TK_Units canbe used as input to other functions.

AssociatedFunctions



• Pressure_Proc

• Gravity_Proc

• WatsonK_ProcA Caution aboutBias Values

CautionFor the convenience of the user the bias (Added_Bias_Raw, Slope_Bias_Raw) issupplied in user units. Most other inputs are expected in toolkit units.


CautionConversion factors (Temp_Conv_Fact, Slope_Conv_Fact, Conv_Factor) are provided toconvert output values to user units.



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A Caution about Conversion Factors

Input Source ONLY REQ’D IF Eng. Units Description

Temperature Temperature_Proc

TK units Deg F System temperature

Temp_Conv_Fact Flag indicating temperature outputunits (0 = Deg F; 1 = Deg C). Usedto output efv temperature in userunits.

Pressure Pressure_Proc TK units psig System pressure

Local_Pressure psi Local atmospheric pressure

Multiply_Bias_Raw

Multiplicative bias applied to theabsolute pressure


Minutes Filter time for the absolute pressuremultiplicative bias

Gravity Gravity_Proc Slope_Type = 1 TK units

Spgr@60DegF/60DegF

System Specific gravity.

WatK WatsonK_Proc Slope_Type = 1 System Watson K factor.

Steam_Press_Conv_Fact

Multiplier that converts from userunits to toolkit units (psi)

Set to -1 (negative one) if no steamis present in the system

Steam_Pressure Pressure_Proc Steam_Press_Conv_

Fact = -1

User units Pressure of the system steam inuser absolute units

Slope_Type Flag which indicates whether theD86 slope is to be calculated or userentered (0 = user entered, 1 =calculated)

Slope_Raw Slope_Type = 0 User units D86 slope

Slope_Conv_Fact Flag indicating slope output userunits (0 = Deg F; 1 = Deg C)

Slope_Bias_Raw User units Additive bias applied to the D86slope

Slope_Bias_Filt_Time

Minutes Filter time for the D86 slope bias

D86_10_Type Slope_Type = 1 Calculation to perform (2 = 10%, 8= User supplied EFV to D86coefficients to calculate 10% point)

D86_10_CoeffA if Slope_Type = 1 andD86_10_Type = 8

The A coefficient in the EFV to D86conversion.



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D86_10_CoeffB if Slope_Type = 1 andD86_10_Type = 8

The B coefficient in the EFV to D86conversion.

D86_10_CoeffC if Slope_Type = 1 andD86_10_Type = 8

The C coefficient in the EFV to D86conversion.

D86_30_Type Slope_Type = 1 Calculation to perform (3 = 30%, 8= User supplied EFV to D86coefficients to calculate 30% point)

D86_30_CoeffA if Slope_Type = 1 andD86_30_Type = 8)

The A coefficient in the EFV to D86conversion.

D86_30_CoeffB if Slope_Type = 1 andD86_30_Type = 8)

The B coefficient in the EFV to D86conversion.

D86_30_CoeffC if Slope_Type = 1 andD86_30_Type = 8)

The C coefficient in the EFV to D86conversion.

Init_RVP User units Starting point for RVP iteration

Iterations Maximum iterations allowed. If abad value is input for Iterations thenit defaults to 15.

Tolerance Convergence tolerance for NewtonRaphson. If a bad value is input forIterations then it defaults to 0.01.

Filter_Type Filter to be used (0 = none, 1 = Firstorder lag filter, 2 to 5 not yetsupported). Details of how to usethe filter functions can be found inProfit Toolkit Functions Reference.

Filter_Coeff_Num Number of filter coefficients beingpassed. Not required if Filter Type =0. Details of how to use the filterfunctions can be found in ProfitToolkit Functions Reference.


Filter_Shift_Num Number of past values necessaryfor filter. Not required if Filter Type =0. Details of how to use the filterfunctions can be found in ProfitToolkit Functions Reference.

Etime Application\Etime Minutes Application execution time



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Added_Bias_Raw User Units Additive bias applied to the RVP inuser units


Minutes Filter time for the RVP additive bias

Conv_Factor Multiplier that converts RVP fromuser units to toolkit units (psig)




If LGV_Num < 0, then the last goodvalue will be held indefinitely.





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Output table








EFV_User_Units Calculated EFV of the system material

D86_10_User_Units User units Calculated D86 10% point

D86_30_User_Units User units Calculated D86 30% point

Slope_User_Units User units Calculated D86 10% slope

Fn_Value Value of the function on the final iteration. In toolkit units, prior to filtering, biasingand conversion.

Fn_Derivative Derivative of the function on the final iteration. In toolkit units, prior to filtering,biasing and conversion.

Fn_Pressure Pressure of the function on the final iteration. In toolkit units, prior to filtering,biasing and conversion.

Fn_RVP TK units psia RVP on the final iteration

Value_User_Units User units Calculated RVP

Value_TK_Units TK units psia Calculated RVP




Multiply_Bias_Shift Previous filtered multiplicative bias storage


Slope_Bias_Shift Previous filtered slope bias value storage



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Return StatusTable


Return Status Table

Statusvalue

Description

0 No error occurred



3 The slope bias is a bad value.

4 The steam pressure conversion factor is a bad value.



7 Slope type must be either 0 or 1.

8 Slope conversion factor is a bad value

9 Slope raw is a bad value



12 Temperature conversion factor is a bad value

13 The calculated Slope User Units is a bad value.

14 RVP conversion factor is a bad value

15 RVP conversion factor is less than or equal to zero.

16 The number of iterations cannot be less than zero.

-17 The specified number of iterations is greater than 10000. This is only a warning, thefunction uses 10000 as the maximum number of iterations.

18 The calculated fn_RVP is miniscule or zero.

19 The calculated fn_Derivative is miniscule or zero.

20 The calculated RVP did not converge within the specified maximum number ofiterations.




24 Errors filtering the slope bias. See associated message from Filter function

25 Errors calculating the EFV temperature. See associated message from EFV_Tempfunction

26 Errors calculating the D86 10 percent point. See associated message fromEFV_To_D86 function



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Return Status Table

Statusvalue

Description

27 Errors calculating the D86 30 percent point. See associated message fromEFV_To_D86 function

28 Errors filtering RVP. See associated message from Filter function

141 - 46 An error occurred in the Filter_First_Ord_Lag function. Details of the error can be foundby looking up the resulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

155 - 160 An error occurred in the Filter function. Details of the error can be found by looking upthe resulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

206 - 211 An error occurred in the EFV_Temp function. Details of the error can be found bylooking up the resulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

212 - 221 An error occurred in the EFV_To_D86 function. Details of the error can be found bylooking up the resulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

OtherNegativeerrors

Last good value holding is active. The error that is causing the bad value can bedetermined by looking up the positive of the error value.

Examples Table

Parameters Example 1 –Slope

provided byuser, output in

Deg F

Example 2 – Slopecalculated.

Temperaturesoutput in Deg F

Example 3 – Slopecalculated. Other

temperaturesoutput in Deg C

Example 4 –Slope calculated

and output in

Deg C/%/ distilled

Description

Temperature 225.0 Deg F 225.0 Deg F 225.0 Deg F 225.0 Deg F

Temp_Conv_Fact 0 0 1 1 Examples 1 and 2Temperaturesoutput in Deg F

Examples 3 and 4Temperaturesoutput in Deg C

Pressure 45.304 psig 45.304 psig 45.304 psig 45.304 psig

Local_Pressure 14.696 psi 14.696 psi 14.696 psi 14.696 psi

Multiply_Bias_Raw

1 1 1 1


0 0 0 0

Gravity 0.6000 spgr 0.6000 spgr 0.6000 spgr

WatK 12.000 12.000 12.000



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Examples Table



Deg F






and output in

Deg C/%/ distilled

Description

Steam_Press_Conv_Fact

Steam_Pressure User absolute units

Slope_Type 0 1 1 1 Examples 1 slopeprovided by user.

Examples 2, 3 and4 slope calculated.

Slope_Raw 1 Examples 1 slopeprovided by user.

Examples 2, 3 and4 slope calculated.

Slope_Conv_Fact 0 0 0 1 Example 4 slopeoutput in Deg C/%distilled

Slope_Bias_Raw 0 0 0 0

Slope_Bias_Filt_Time

0 0 0 0

D86_10_Type 2 2 2

D86_10_CoeffA

D86_10_CoeffB

D86_10_CoeffC

D86_30_Type 3 3 3

D86_30_CoeffA

D86_30_CoeffB

D86_30_CoeffC

Init_RVP 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 Provide areasonable startingpoint for theiteration.

Iterations 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000

Tolerance 0.0100 0.0100 0.0100 0.0100

Temp_Conv_Fact 0 0 1 0

Filter_Type 0 0 0 0

Added_Bias_Raw 0 0 0 0



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Examples Table



Deg F






and output in

Deg C/%/ distilled

Description


0 0 0 0

Conv_Factor 1 1 1 1

Output

Ret_Status 0 0 0 0

EFV_User_Units ------ 132.05 Deg F 55.581 Deg C 55.581 Deg C Example 3 and 4,note the output inDeg C.

D86_10_User_Units

------ 119.96 Deg F 48.867 Deg C 48.867 Deg C

D86_30_User_Units

------ 144.21 Deg F 62.340 Deg C 62.340 Deg C

Slope_User_Units 1.0000 DegF/% distilled

1.2126 Deg F/%distilled

1.2126 Deg F/%distilled

0.6736 Deg C/%distilled

Example 4 note theoutput in Deg C/%distilled

Fn_Value 60.000 60.000 60.000 60.000

Fn_Derivative 5.3009 5.2686 5.2686 5.2686

Fn_Pressure -0.0003 -0.0001 -0.0001 -0.0001

Fn_RVP 9.1048 psia 9.2067 psia 9.2067 psia 9.2067 psia

Value_User_Units 9.1048 psia 9.2067 psia 9.2068 psia 9.2068 psia

Value_TK_Units 9.1048 psia 9.2067 psia 9.2068 psia 9.2068 psia



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Section 9 - Top Internal Liquid and Vapor (Top_LandV)

9.1 OverviewIn This Section This toolkit function calculates the internal liquid and vapor flow from the top tray

of a distillation column. It assumes that the overhead vapor and internal reflux arethe same material and can be characterized by single molecular weight and heatproperties. Additionally, this function returns the molecular weight, the gravity,and the Watson K of the internal vapor and liquid (all in toolkit units). Prior tooutputting the internal liquid and internal vapor the value is filtered and convertedto user units. Last good value holding is also available.

Section 9 - Top Internal Liquid and Vapor (Top_LandV)9.2 Detail Description


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The following table shows the algorithm used by Top_LandV to calculate the flashpoint.


Step # Description

1. Calculate the reflux flow

Reflux = Σ Stream_Flow[i] (if Stream_In_or_Out[i] = IN)

2. Calculate the overhead flow (sum of all the flows)

Overhead = Σ Stream_Flow[i]

3. Calculate the average value for the molecular weight.

Liq_Molwt = Σ (Stream_Molwt[i] * Stream_Flow[i]) / Σ (Stream_Flow[i])

4. Calculate the average value for the gravity.

Liq_Gravity = Σ (Stream_Gravity[i] * Stream_Flow[i]) / Σ (Stream_Flow[i])

5. Calculate the average value for the watson k.

Liq_WatK= Σ (Stream_WatK[I] * Stream_Flow[i]) / Σ (Stream_Flow[i])

6. For simple envelopes like this one, we assume that the liquid and vapor are the same material, just in differentstates. Thus, their properties are the same.

Vap_Molwt = Liq_Molwt

Vap_Gravity = Liq_Gravity

Vap_WatK = Liq_WatK

7. Calculate the exponent if Expon_Type = 1, otherwise use 0.38. The exponent is used later in the latent heat ofvaporization calculation. Calculate the exponent as follows:

Expon = ƒ( Latent_Ht_Norm_Boil_Pt, Liq_Molwt, Norm_Boil_Pt_Temperature)

8. Calculate the latent heat of vaporization.

Latent_Heat_Vaporization = ƒ (Latent_Ht_Norm_Boil_Pt , Critical_Temperature OVHD_Temperature,Norm_Boil_Pt_Temperature, Expon)

Note that critical_temperature should be greater than ovhd_temperature and norm_boil_pt_temperature.

9. Calculate internal liquid rate via a simultaneous material and energy balance.

Liq = (reflux * (1.0 + (Heat_Capacity / Latent_Heat_Vaporization) *(OVHD_Temperature - Reflux_Temperature))

Note that OVHD_Temperature should be greater than Reflux _Temperature

10. Calculate internal vapor rate

Vap = overhead + Liq



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Step # Description

13. If the user requires the internal liquid and vapor to be output as a volumetric-flow then convert from mass-flow tovolumetric-flow.

Liq = Liq / Liq_Gravity.

Vap = Vap / Vap_Gravity.

14. Filter the internal liquid and internal vapor based on the supplied Filter_Type.

15. Convert the internal liquid and vapor to toolkit units.

16. Call Last_Good_Value utility function to provide last good value processing. After this function the internal liquid isstored in Liq_Value_User_Units and Liq_Value_TK_Units and the vapor liquid is stored in Vap_Value_User_Unitsand Vap_Value_TK_Units Liq_Value_TK_Units and Vap_Value_TK_Units can be used as input to other functions.

AssociatedFunctions


• Flow_Proc


• Gravity_Proc

• WatsonK_Proc



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CautionConversion factors (Flow_Conv_Fact) are provided to convert output values to userunits.




Stream_Num Number of streams in the envelope(do not include internal Liquid andVapor streams)

Stream_Flow[ ] Flow_Proc Stream_Num > 0 TK units Mlb/hr Mass Flow of each stream.

Stream_In_or_Out[]

Stream_Num > 0 Defines the orientation of the streamrelative to the envelope (-1 = in, 1 =out).

Reflux streams should be set as IN(-1) streams.

Product streams should be set toOUT (+1).

Stream_Gravity[ ] Gravity_Proc Stream_Num > 0 TK units Spgr@60DegF/60DegF

Gravity of the stream in toolkit units.

Stream_WatK[ ] WatsonK_Proc Stream_Num > 0 Watson K factor of the stream.

Stream_Molwt[ ] Molwt_Proc Stream_Num > 0 Molecular weight of the stream.

Expon_Type Flag indicating if Watson’s exponentof 0.38 is to be used or if theexponent is to be calculated as afunction of molecular weight (0 =0.38, 1 = function of molecularweight)

Norm_Boil_Pt_Temperature

Expon_Type = 1 TK units Deg F Normal boiling point temperature

Latent_Ht_Norm_Boil_Pt

Expon_Type = 1 TK units BTU/lb Latent heat of at the normal boilingpoint

Critical_Temperature

Temperature_Proc Expon_Type = 1 TK units Deg F Critical temperature of the materialat the envelope

OVHD_Temperature

Temperature_Proc TK units Deg F Temperature of the vapor leavingthe envelop.

Reflux_Temperature

Temperature_Proc TK units Deg F Temperature of the reflux enteringthe envelop

Heat_Capacity TK units BTU/lbDeg F

Heat capacity of the internal liquid atthe envelope



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Filter_Type Filter to be used (0 = none, 1 = Firstorder lag filter, 2 to 5 not yetsupported). Details of how to usethe filter functions can be found inProfit Toolkit Functions Reference.

Filter_Coeff_Num Number of filter coefficients beingpassed. Not required if Filter Type =0. Details of how to use the filterfunctions can be found in ProfitToolkit Functions Reference.


Filter_Shift_Num Number of past values necessaryfor filter. Not required if Filter Type =0. Details of how to use the filterfunctions can be found in ProfitToolkit Functions Reference.


Flow_Conv_Fact Multiplier to go from user flow unitsto toolkit units (Mlb/hr). Used tooutput internal liquid and vaporvalues in user units.

User_V_or_M Flag indicating user flow output (0 =volumetric flow, 1 = mass flow)




If LGV_Num < 0, then the last goodvalue will be held indefinitely.





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Output table



Ret_Status Number of errors/warnings. Ret_Status is positive when the highest prioritymessage is an error. Ret_Status is negative when the highest prioritymessage is a warning. Ret_Status is zero, when there are no warnings orerrors.





Liq_Value_User_Units User units Calculated internal liquid value. Depending on the setting of User_V_or_M,this value is either output in volumetirc or mass flow.

Liq_Value_TK_Units TK units Mlb/hr Calculated internal liquid value (mass flow)

Vap_Value_User_Units

User units Calculated internal vapor value. Depending on the setting of User_V_or_M,this value is either output in volumetirc or mass flow.

Vap_Value_TK_Units TK units Mlb/hr Calculated internal vapor value (mass flow)

Liq_Molwt Molecular weight of the internal liquid

Vap_Molwt Molecular weight of the internal vapor

Liq_Gravity TK units

Spgr@60DegF/60DegF

Specific gravity of the internal liquid

Vap_Gravity TK units

Spgr@60DegF/60DegF

Specific gravity of the internal vapor

Liq_WatK Watson K factor of the internal liquid

Vap_WatK Watson K factor of the internal vapor

Expon Exponent used in Watson’s equation

Latent_Heat_Vaporization

BTU/lb Latent heat of vaporization at envelope conditions


Liq_LGV_Count Number of intervals liquid last good value held

Vap_LGV_Count Number of intervals vapor last good value held

Liq_LGV_Values[5] Last good value storage array for key internal liquid output variables



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Output table



Vap_LGV_Values[5] Last good value storage array for key internal vapor output variables


Return StatusTable


Return Status Table

Statusvalue

Description

0 No error occurred

1 The user-entered number of streams is either a bad value or less than zero.


3 Stream In or Out is a bad value. Stream number ____ is the stream in error.

4 Normal boiling point temperature is a bad value

5 Latent heat normal boiling point temperature is a bad value

6 Exponent type must be either –1 or 1.

7 Normal boiling point temperature cannot be –459.67.

8 Liquid molecular weight is a bad value

9 Critical temperature is a bad value

10 Overhead temperature is a bad value

11 The critical temperature must be greater than the overhead temperature.

12 The difference between the critical temperature must and the overhead temperature isnegligible or zero.

13 Heat capacity is a bad value.

14 Reflux temperature is a bad value.

15 Latent heat of vaporization is a bad value.

16 The overhead temperature must be greater than the reflux temperature.

17 The selected volumetric or mass output type (User_VorM) must be either 0 or 1.

18 Liquid gravity is a bad value

19 Liquid gravity is a negligible or zero.

20 Internal liquid and vapor conversion (flow) factor is a bad value

21 Internal liquid and vapor conversion (flow) factor is less than or equal to zero.



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Return Status Table

Statusvalue

Description

22 Vapor gravity is a bad value

23 Vapor gravity is a negligible or zero.

24 Stream Molecular Weight – for stream %0.d - is a bad value

25 Stream gravity - for stream %0.d - is a bad value.

26 Stream Watson K - for stream %0.d - is a bad value.

27 Liquid Molecular Weight is a bad value.

28 Liquid gravity is a bad value.

29 Liquid Watson K is a bad value.

30 Errors filtering internal liquid. See associated message from Filter function

101 - 104 An error occurred in the Press_PC function. Details of the error can be found by looking upthe resulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

105 - 108 An error occurred in the Temp_PC function. Details of the error can be found by looking upthe resulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

141 - 146 An error occurred in the Filter_First_Ord_Lag function. Details of the error can be found bylooking up the resulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

155 - 160 An error occurred in the Filter function. Details of the error can be found by looking up theresulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

179 - 182 An error occurred in the Mol_WT function. Details of the error can be found by looking up theresulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

183 - 192 An error occurred in the Enth_HC function. Details of the error can be found by looking upthe resulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

193 - 197 An error occurred in the Enth_Stm function. Details of the error can be found by looking upthe resulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

198 - 205 An error occurred in the Enth_Gas function. Details of the error can be found by looking upthe resulting status value in the Profit Toolkit Functions Reference

Negativeerrors

Last good value holding is active. The error that is causing the bad value can be determinedby looking up the positive of the error value.



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