psy220 2012f lecture 1
TRANSCRIPT
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INTRODUCTION TOSOCIAL PSYCHOLOGYPsychology 220
University of Toronto
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Instructor and TAs
Instructor:
Jennifer Fortune ([email protected])
Teaching Assistants:
Last Names A G: Lindsey Cary
Last Names H M: Susan Gillingham([email protected])
Last Names N Z: Marta Wnuczko
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Course Goals & Objectives
By the end of the course, students should be able to:
Explain how social psychologists think about and study
human behavior.
Discuss the body of knowledge and underlying principlesthat currently exist in the field.
Reflect upon the implications of social psychological
research for the situations we encounter in everyday life. Be a good consumer of research, and critically evaluate
scientific findings about social psychological issues.
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Course Information
Meeting Times:
Mondays, 6:10 - 9:00pm Meeting Location: PB B150
Midterms in special testing rooms (TBA)
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Textbook
Social Psychology Alive (1st
Canadian Edition) J. Olson, S.J. Breckler, & E.C.
Wiggins. (2008).
Used copies probablyavailable
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Course Format
Lectures, videos, demonstrations.
Text book and supplementary readings. Overlap between lectures and readings will vary; if
you want to do well, you must come to class.
Grades based on:
Two non-cumulative term tests
Cumulative final exam
Five reflection assignments
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Course Components
Components Content Date Weight
Term Test 1(75 multiple choice)Location: TBA
Material from lecture andreadings covered Sept 10- 24
Oct 1, 6:00 8:00pm
25%
Term Test 2
(75 multiple choice)Location: TBA
Material from lecture and
readings covered fromOct 15-29
Nov 5, 6:00
8:00pm
25%
Reflection Assignments*
(5)(worth 2% each)
Choice of 8 topics/formats Due by
midnight theThurs after they
are assigned
10%
Final Exam
(75 multiple choice)Location: TBA
Material from lecture and
readings covered fromSept 10 Dec 3
TBA
2 hours
40%
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Term Test 1 (25%) Oct 1
Assigned readings in text, lecture, supplementary
articles, and videos from Sept 10 24.
2 hours (6:00 8:00pm).
75 multiple choice questions.
Testing rooms TBA
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Term Test 2 (25%) Nov 5
Assigned readings in text, lecture, supplementary
articles, and videos from Oct 15 29.
2 hours (6:00 8:00pm).
75 multiple choice questions.
Testing rooms TBA
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Final Exam (40%)
Assigned readings in text, lecture, supplementary
articles and videos for the entire course (Sept 10 Dec 3).
2 hours
During Final Exam Period
75 multiple choice questions.
Testing rooms TBA.
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Reflection Assignments (2% each)
Allow for reflection upon and engagement with
course topics. May take various formats including:
500 word reflection papers
WorksheetsMini-labs
Will be introduced during each of the 8 lecture
days beginning on Sept 17. You are responsible for completing 5 of your choice
(for a total of 10%).
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Reflection Assignments (2% each)
Due by midnight 3 days after they are assigned via
the Assignment section on the Blackboard site. Eg. Assignment given on a Monday will be due
Thursday
It is your responsibility to keep track of how manyassignments you have submitted.
Max 5 assignments- we wont mark extras
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Reflection Assignments (2% each)
LATE ASSIGNMENTS WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED.
There will be no opportunity to make up missedassignments.
If I do poorly on a reflection assignment, can I do
an extra one to make up for it? Do you take the
best 5?No. We will only mark your first 5 assignments.
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Date Topic Readings
Sept 10 Introduction + Research Methods Olson Chap. 1 & 2
Sept 17Social CognitionReflection Assignment #1
Olson Chap. 3Supplementary Articles
Sept 24Social Perception + Person in SituationReflection Assignment #2
Olson Chap. 4 & 5Supplementary Articles
Oct 1 Test 1
Oct 8 No Class - Thanksgiving
Oct 15Attitudes & Attitude ChangeReflection Assignment #3
Olson Chap. 6 & 7Supplementary Articles
Oct 22 Stereotypes, Prejudice, and DiscriminationReflection Assignment #4
Olson Chap. 9Supplementary Articles
Oct 29Intra- & Inter-group RelationsReflection Assignment #5
Olson Chap. 10Supplementary Articles
Nov 5 Test 2
Nov 12 No Class Fall Break
Nov 19Conformity, Compliance and ObedienceReflection assignment #6
Olson Chap. 8Supplementary Articles
Nov 26Prosocial & Antisocial BehaviourReflection Assignment #7
Olson Chap. 11 & 12Supplementary Articles
Dec 3Emotion & Close RelationshipsReflection Assignment #8
Olson Chap. 13Supplementary Articles
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Course Website
UT Blackboard site (http://portal.utoronto.ca)
Includes: Lecture slides (posted with blanks - by midnight the
morning of the lecture)
Announcements
Supplementary articles
Course information (including syllabus) Assignment Uploader
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Communication
Use your UTORmail account ONLY
Include the course code and a concise statement of purposein the subject line
E.g., PSY220: question about term test 1.
Check course documents first
Email the TA to which you have been assigned
Last Names A G: Lindsey Cary ([email protected]) Last Names H M: Susan Gillingham
Last Names N Z: Marta Wnuczko ([email protected])
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Find two buddies!
Exchange contact information with two classmates
Help each other out by sharing class notes.
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INTRODUCTION TOSOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
LECTURE 1
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What is Social Psychology?
The study of how individuals thoughts, feelings, andbehaviors are influenced by other people
4 key components of this definition:
Influenced by other people
Thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
Individuals perspective
Scientific study
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How Other People Affect Us
Other people affect how we interpret events
Other people affect how we feel about ourselves
Other people affect how we behave
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Social Psychology: Just Common Sense?
Social psychology is sometimes subjected to the I knewit all along phenomenon.
many social psychological findings confirm intuitions
many other findings, however, disconfirm intuition
science trumps intuition
Hindsight appears clearer than it is hindsight bias: the inclination to see events that have
already occurred as being more predictable than they werebefore they took place
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Contradictory proverbs
Birds of a feather flock together
Opposites attract
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy Idle hands are the devils playground
Absence makes the heart grow fonder
Out of sight, out of mind
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Social Psychology: Benefits
Being an informed citizen
using scientific findings to form strategies for dealingwith social problems and social issues
Applying social psychological knowledge health, business, politics, law, etc.
Understanding the influences on your own life
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Social Psychology: Its Everywhere!
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Brief History of Social Psychology
Earliest documented social psychology experiment:
social facilitation effect (Triplett, 1898)
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Brief History of Social Psychology
Earliest documented social psychology
experiment: social facilitation effect(Triplett, 1898)
Bike racers faster against others than alone
Children wound fishing reel faster whentogether than when alone
Floyd Allport (1920s) main proponent of
experimental social psychology andauthor of one of the 1st textbooks on
social psychology
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Brief History of Social Psychology
World War II:
European psychologists fleeing Nazioccupied Europe
Kurt Lewin
Known as the father of modernsocial psychology
Groundbreaking emphasis on the
role of individual AND environment
in producing behaviour
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Brief History of Social Psychology
World War II:
The Nazi phenomenon and Holocaust beggedexplanation
Sparked much research on conformity, obedience,
prejudice, and aggression Nazi propaganda sparked interest in research on
persuasion
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Video
The Power of the Situation
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THE METHODS OF SOCIAL
PSYCHOLOGY
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Competing Proverbs31
Birds of a feather flock together vs Opposites
attract. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy, vs
Idle hands are the devils playground.
Absence makes the heart grow fonder vs Out of
sight, out of mind.
Proverbs are often contradictory, but they may be a
good starting point for research.
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The Science of Social Psychology32
1. State problem
2. Formulate hypothesis3. Design study & collect data
4. Test hypothesis with the data5. Communicate study results
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Does absence make the heart grow
fonder? Hypothesis: romantic couples who are separated
will think more highly of one another than when theyare together.
Experiment:
Please write a description of yourboyfriend/girlfriend.
Independent variable: partner present or absent
Dependent variable: # of positive things written about
the partner.
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Does absence make the heart grow
fonder? Result
people who were separated from their partner duringthe experiment wrote more positive comments than
people who were not separated from their partner.
Communicate results: Submit article to scholarly journal
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The Science of Social Psychology35
Independent variable Dependent variable
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Research Design36
Experiments
Researcher controls procedures Random assignment to conditions
Allows for conclusions about cause & effect
Quasi-experiments No random assignment
2 IVs: together/apart & men/women
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Research Design37
Laboratory experiments
Field experiments
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Non-experimental studies38
Correlational research
Sacrifices the ability to draw conclusions aboutcausality.
Correlations Relationship between two variables
have magnitude (correlation coefficient) and direction
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Correlations39
Correlation coefficient
r = -.78
Direction ofthe correlation
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Correlations40
Equal magnitude Different directions
r = -.78 r = +.78
H i l d i
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How is temperature related to ice
cream sales?41 Two variables:
daily temperature Ice cream sales
What is the correlation between these two
variables? What does this mean?
.78
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Correlations42
What can we conclude from a correlation?
What is the correlation between drowning and ice
cream sales?
What would a positive correlation mean?
Limits of correlations
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Reflection Assignment
No reflection assignment this week- we will start
doing those next class.