prozorov 1999 mo 05 2 unique manuscript

8/13/2019 Prozorov 1999 MO 05 2 Unique Manuscript

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S. M. ProzorovA UNIQUEMANUSCRIPTOFA BIOGRAPHICALDICTIONARYBY A KHOREZMIAN AUTHOR

The Russian rabistV.I. Beliayev 1902-1976)was hefirst to mention he manuscript f an unknownbiographicaldictionaryn the manuscript ollectionof the St.PetersburgBranchof the Instituteof OrientalStudies.While workingon the collection n 1953,he singledout this manuscript,acquired in 1939 from the Astrakhanbook collectorS.A. Alimov, as of "outstandinginterest".Thescholar lsodeterminedtsprovenancesKhoremrandsuggestedhat tis an autograph opy dating o the twelfth cenhrry]. Themanuscriptwas later examinedby A. I. Mikhaylova (indrawingup a catalogue f Arabic manuscriptsn the collec-tion) andB. Z. Khalidov,who drew from it a biography fthe famousscholaral-ZamakhsharTf2l.ut it is only twodecades fter V. L Beliaev's nst comments n the manu-script hat his pupil, A. B. Khalidov,published more de-taileddiscussionf it in his two articles3]. Apart rom ananalysis f the manuscript'sontents nd sources sed, heauthormade he description f themanuscript. ut what smore mportant,A. B. Khalidov was successfuln attribut-ing the work. However,at present,he resultsof his re-search eedsomecorrections nd additions nevitable ftermany earshadelapsedrom the appearancefhis articles.The presentarticlepresentsmy own observations n themanuscript, hich are basingcertainlyon the main resultsof Prof.Khalidov's ork.*The manuscript contains 193 large-format folios118.729.7 cm);29 linesper page,naskh.The text wascopied n black nk in a singlehand;headings ndempha-sisedwordsareunderlined. hereare corrections ndaddi-rions n the margins, swell as a numberof notesmadebya readertworeaders?)oonafter he copyingof themanu-script.Vowellingand diacriticalmarksare are.The custo-Jesbelongpartially o the copyist,partially o readers. ate{rabic paginationuns up to fol.31b in black nk and s;ontinued hereafter n blue pencil until the end of thenanuscript. The paper is of Samarqand rigin, thick,glossed, nd brownedwith age.The folios are worm-eaten:n places,agged, nd soiled.The manuscripts stitched o-sether ndheld n apaste-boardindingof laterproduction.Theorder f folioshasbeen isrupted.The manuscripts defective: t lacksboth a beginningrnd an end. The text starts with a continuationof the:iography of 'Abdallh b. al-Mubrak al-KhursnJ. l8ll797) and continues ith the biographies f indi-r idualswhose ames eginwith the etters ayn,ghayn,etc.

in the order of the Arabic alphabet o the letterya'. Thenthe biographies f people nownonly by kunya ollow.Thetext breaksoff on the biographyof the traditionalistAbiiBakrb. Ayysh(d. 1731789-90).Thus, he dictionary s constructedn alphabetical rderand most ikely consisted riginally of 28 chaptersas),one or each etterof the Arabicalphabet, nda concludingsection dhik ) listing those known only by kunya. Themanuscript ontains nly l0 incomplete haptersapproxi-matelyone hird of the work), presenting 77 biographies(somewith lacunae) f considerablyarying ength.Nearlyhalfof the manuscripts occupied y some ifteenextensivebiographies, hile the lengthof the others aries rom 2 or3 lines o halfof apage.Within chapters,he biographies re arrangedn alpha-betical-chronoloicalorder: he companionsf l\4rrltanrnad(sahdba)come first, then the "followers" (tabi'iln), etc.Within the large chapteron 'qynwe find subdivisionsorthe namesAbd al-Rahmn,Abd al-Mlik,etc.The namesof thosewhosebiographys presented re written n largelettersand underlined, ervingas he headings f the text'ssections ndsub-sectionsseey'gs. and2).After comparingmaterialsound n themanuscript ithdataprovided n K, Brockelman,A. B. Khalidov came othe conclusionhat he authorof thedictionarywas he ra-ditionalistAbii-l-KaramAbd al-Salm . Muhammad . al-$asanal-Hijj al-Firdaws l-Khwrimrlal-AndarasfnT.sthe scholarpointsout, the author efers o one of his ownworks entitledal-Mustaqsd"What WasStudied")dealingwith the earlyhistoryof Islam(thehistoryof Muhammad,the early Arab conquests,he first four caliphs,etc.). Awork of this title and content s listedby Brockelman, hogives he author's rmeas Abii-l-Karamal-Khwrizmlal-Andarasfn4]. Second, ike Brockelman's brl-l-Karam,the author of the dictionary ived in Khorezrn andmusthave also canied the nisba al-Khwrizm-r);ike him, hecould havehad another, pecificallyKhorezrnian isba, al-Hijj, instead f al-HAjjT. he time of the active iterary n-volvementof the dictionary's uthor s contemporary iththe lifetime of Brockelman's bii-l-Karam:his anotherex-tantwork waswritten n 564/1169.ts contents connectedwith Muslim tradition,which also nterestedhe authorofthe dictionary5]. Finally, the decisiveargumentwhichpermittedA. B. Khalidov o makehis attribution s that henative village of the dictionary'sauthor s shown n the

' At present,heauthor fthis article spreparinghemanuscriptfthe dictionaryor publication.


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t 0 tY1-anuscriPto ()vientolio, vol. sNo'2JUNEeeemanuscript sAndarasbn,ocatedn Khorezm,Thisformsthe basis for the nisba al-AndarasbnI Pers'a1-Andarasn).ll this leaves o doubt hat he attributionsuggesteds quitecorect.l{t .on...ns the dictionary'sitle KftAb urdiimal-rijal("Biographies f theTransmittersf theTradition"),as t isgiurn- in the catalogueof Arabic manuscriptsof ,the5t. Petersburg ranchof the Instituteof OrientalStudies(callnumber-C2387,o. 9454), ariants f similar itles nihir g"*. areusuallyntrmerous:romthe commonTa'rkh("Hiory") or Mu'iam ("Dictionary") to the individualnOoriginat (cf., for example,al-Sam'nsal-Ansaboral-Tahbr).Unfortunately, wasnot able o discoverany nforma-tion aboutAbii-l-Karam Abd al-Salmn other sources'However, uckily enough, he manuscript tself containsabundantmaterials n the scholar's iography, is teachersandacquaintances,swell as the titles andeven he con-tentsof someof hisworks.Thesematerialsn thetextgiveus an deaof his work on the dictionaryandon the corpusof sources e drewon in his work. The author requentlybetrays is presencen thebook' oftenspeakingn the firstpersonandrefening o his personalencounters'onversa-iions, and correspondence.e also reports hat he madenumerous otes maktilbat) andselectionsmunt khab t)from textsandwrotedownwhat he "heard"(masmfr'dtl)'Hementions ollections edrewup (majmil'ali), istscitieshe visited,andscholars nderwhosedirectionhe learnedhadths r copiedoutworks'He also nforms hereaderhatih. fu-our philologistand Qur'nic commentator bu-l-Qsim al-Zamakhshar l-KhwrimrT 467-5381 1075-t t++) studiedor a short imewith his maternal randfather.In turn, heauthorhimselfcameo al-Zamakhsharith theintentionof studyingwith him, but the latterdiscouragedhim from this,much o the youth'sdisappointment.bu-l-Karamdedicateso his would-be eachera heartfeltanddetailed icle whichcontainsactsabsentn othersources.We also earn hatn 54511150-51,while completingthe ftajj, Abii-l-Karam stayed n Ray with qd$-l-quddtMul.rammad. al-HasanAbii 'Abdallh al-AstrbdT.elearnedhadthsfrom him (haddathan)and visited thegraveof thenotedMu'tazilite heologian ndShaJ.tefaqht-qaa'Abd al-Jabbr. Ahmad d. 41511025)6]. Thegrave of this scholarwas located n the courtyardof al-strabdlshome. Ab[-l-Karam was "blessed"there bywaqf deeds ritten n thedeceasedcholar's wnhand.Thespeialespector this scholar emonstratedy the dictiol-ary's author testifiesto his Mu'tazilite sympathies;heMu'taziliteschoolwas firmly entrenchedn his homeland,Khoremr.On his way to Mecca,Abii-l-Karammadepil-grimageo severalombsof celebratedslamicpersonalitiesand'ulad's n Baghdad the tomb of the Shi'ire imdmMls b. Ja'faral-Kqimd. 183/799)and he tombof thecaliphal-Am-rnd. 193/309),n Jabal-Tabarak thetombof theHanafite mamMuhammad . al-flasanal-Shybanr(d. 189/804-5), in Medina the ombof theeponymousheadof the Malikites,Malik b. Anas(d' 1791795). ur-thermore,he authorvisitedAsadbd, herehe heardal'qafr Abn-l-Fadl l-Tam-rml7] and,on numerous ccasions,Hamadan,wherehe studiedwith Abii-l-'Ald' al-hdfiz al-Hamadn. rom the latterhe learnedmanyhadthswithvarious sndds,opiedbooks,andstudied,n particular' hebooksKitdb al-tamhdi ma'rifat al'tajwtd ("Introductionto the Studyof Qur'nicRecitation")8] andal-Sahfhbyal-

Bukhari.Also in Hamadan,e madea "selection"fromtheKitab al-nuzah ("Book of Delights") and copied an"excerpt" about a letter from the above-mentionedal-Shaybanient rom Kufa to Baghdado the frst safr-l-quddt n Islam,AbiYiisuf.The authorcompiled he dictionary n Gurganj themaincity in Khoremt- in closecontactwith thepupilsofal-Zamakhshar.s their titles shaykhal-quddt,s.adral-shar'a,qadral-a'imma,andothers how, heyoccupiedprominent ositions n society.t can be deducedrom thetext of the manuscripthat the authorunderstood horez-mian dialect.Oneof his mentors ustddhund, haykhuna)was Muwaffaq b. Ahmad AblJ-Mu'ayyad al-Makki(d. 568/1172),a favouredand devotedpupil of al-ZamakhsharT.eferenceso Muwaffaqb. Allmad in themanuscript reaccompaniedy suchhonorificsobriquetssql-sadral-khatb,akht b al-khut ba' ("headof thepreach-ers"), andsadr al-shar'a ("bastionof Ihe sharl'4")' Theauthoralso expresses is gratitude oward his deceasedteacherwith a specialormula in addition o the raditionalrahimahuAtlah) - iazahu Allah khayrare"May Allahgranthim prosperity!").Muwaffaqb. Al.rmadwas a famedrator, he authorof sermons t the localmosque, aqTh,aswell asa literary igureand a poet.A significant mountof the informationon the "pride of Khoremt" - as al-Zamakhsharrasreferred o - is given with referenceoMuwaffaqb. Alrmador takendirectly rom his workKildbal-arba'n ("Forty [!afiths]") [9]. This includeshis elegyfcr al-ZamaY.hsharl,is versesaboutAbii flanfa and wo ofhis companions,hebiography f an asceticzahid)writtenat hisrequest, tc.The authorhad close iesto anotheritled pupil of al-Zamakhshar 'Abd al-Rah-nn . 'Umar Ab[ Salih al-Tarjumn,who studiedwith al-Zamakhsharor sevenyears his well-known Mu'tazilite commentaryon theQur'n, al-Kashshaff01, and other subjects.The authoralsouses he erm"friend" (;afrqD in relation o 'Abdallhb. 'Al Ab[-l-Ma'l al-HkimT l-Zamakhshar,n whoseauthority e cites heverses f othersaboutAbii-l-Qsim l-Zamakhsharl, nd Muhammadal-Hjj, who accompaniedal-Zamakhsharhroughout is life and aterbecame neofthe author'spupils. Togetherwith shaykhal-Qadibl(?),Muhammad l-flajj learned rom him al-Firdawsll] andthe author's wnworks mu'allaJt).The author'samily evidentlymaintainedlose elationswith al-Zamakhsharlimself,whomthey hadknown sincechildhood.The authorreports hat after the death of hismaternal ncle,al-Zamakhshar,hen n elementary chool(kuttdb),wrotea letter o his grandfather ith condolencesand apologies hat he had been unable to come fromZamakhsharo Andarsbnecausef aphysicalailment hehad ost a leg n childhood).A spiritualauthorityor the authorof thedictionarywasAbii Sa'dal-Sam'nTd. 5621167),who descendedrom afamily of well-knownscholarsn Merv andwas he authorof dozensof works. Abii-l-Karamcalls him "crown ofIslam" UAj al-Islam) and frequentlycites from what he"heard"from him or his numerous ritings.He also notesa letter in which Abti Sa'd al-Sam'nI,ogetherwith histeacher,Muhammad . Abi Bakr Abii Tahir al-Sinj(d. inBukhara,555/1160), onveyed ecessarynformation stransmitted y Mrlrammadb. AhmadAbii-l-Muzaflaral-Buktarl. Abii Sa'dal-Sam'nwas he authorwhosewrit-ingsAbii-l-Karam itesabundantly seYen f his works


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S. PROZOROV. A Unique Manusuipt of a Biographical Dictionary by a Khorezmian Author 1 l

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t2 Wonuscripto ()eientalio' vol' 5No'2JUNEeeearecited, wo of them Unsal-shdt "sociabilityof OnepenAinghe Winter") andal-Nukha "Selections")notbeingattestedn othersources.he author'swork was foundedon the assiduousol-lectioi of fiadths,a thorough amiliarity with thehistorical'fjolt"prti.r, thelogical,and tegal iterature, rimarily ofMaarannahrandKhorasan, nda breadth f views amonghi, ,o*.., of informationareHanafites,Shaf ites,Sufis'andMu'tazilites).He refers he readerwho wisheso leamore aboutparticular ndividualsandeventsmentionednthedictionaryo his otherworksand istseight itles'TheyiL, ritaU siital-sdlihat a-'dddtal-'abiddt "Bookof theQualitiesi vi.ntout Women and Customsof Devoutorn.n";, FiQQat l-milnawa-kanzal-ghuna "The Silverof oesirs an ttte Treasure-Trove f Sufftciency"),a/'iuntakha fiJ-ghazdwal ("The Limit of the Desirable nMilitary iampaigns"), al-Mustaqsd("What Has BeenStu1."1,Unaqit Abt llanfu ("The.Virtues of Abiiuniru'f,' Manaqib Matik ("The Virtues of Maliki'u.a"u1"), andSiyaral-quQdt.("Biographies f Judges")'tte Siyr'afquddi comptised,n nartigu]a1,he biographyof Mulammab. 'Ali al-qadAbii -'Abdallhal-Marwaz' "*".rpt from this *ott ii copiedout in themarginsofthe manuscript nderdiscussion ere'Amonghis writingsAb[-l-Kararnmentions lso he Kitdb al-qand'This is theabbreviateditle of the works dedicatedo the historyofSamarqand.heirmorecommonitle wasKitab al-qandita'rkh' Samarqand,or Kitdb al-qand r dhikr 'ulama'Samarqand"*hat Is Sweetn theEnumerationf Samar-ounit'S.nofrs"). hat s the itle, or example,f theworkyAbuHafsal-Nasafid. 537 ll42-43), to whichhe also.Jr" trt. With the exceptionof the above-mentionedit-U"itoqta, whichsurvivei n a Persianranslation f thefifteenth entury, the works enumerated ave not comedown o us.This information rovidedby Abii-l-Karam eadsus totheconclusionhat hauthorofthe biographical ictionarywasa broadlyeducated horezrnian cholar'He wasmostlikelya followerof theHanafitemadhhab,which s evidentfrom the characterof the materialshe presentsn hisJi.tionury and, o a certaindegree, rom the fact that al-SubkT oesnot mentionhim as a Shaf ite' At the sameiim", tt" apparently eld o Mu'taziliteviews'One canalsoconude trateUu-t-faram drew up his biographical ic-tionaryafter56911173ndprobablydiedat the endof the6thll2th century.

Thosestudying he manuscript f Abii-l-Karam'sdic-tionaryare ace'dw:itha not easyproblem.o-fdentiffing he,our.t of theauthor'snformation'Thediffrculty s thatwehavehereonly the fural third of the writing in which theworks cited or mentioned, s well as the namesof theirauthors, re given n the abbreviatedorm' The full titleswere ikely piovided n thepreceding ections f thework'In thesurviving artof thework, he ull titlesof worksandthenames f theirauthors regivenonly when heyappearfor the first time. Most often the author imits himself oprovidingonly the first word of the title of the work hecites.Moreover, ames f authors lsoappearrequentlyntheir abbreviatedorm, with laqab,kunya,or nrsasolelymentioned. onetheless,t the present tageof investiga-tionwecanstatehat hebasicbodyofsources anbe den-tified with a certaindegreeof accuracy13]' The titles ofmore than 60 works employedby the authorhavebeenidentified.Themajorityof thesewritingswerecompiledby

scholars rom the Easternprovincesof the CaliphateKhorasanand MawarannahrNishapur,Khorezn, Merv,Bukhara,Baykhak, etc.). They are historianswho re-present ocal-literatureradition'Amongthem are aqrhs,muh dd hsof variousmadhhabs, d ts, literary igures, f-ficials,andpreachers.Theworkscitedbelong o diversegenres' hey ncludevariouscollectionsof Uuilim tradition,commentariesfthe Qur'n, works on hqdtths, aw, madhhas,slamicdogmics,polemics,and Siifism. Iistorical-biographical*ttittgt are-also umerous'Primarily, hesearechroniclesof citis,most requentlyTa'rkhsor workswith individualnames, hichpresnthbiographiesf famous eoplewhoeither ived in the city or visited t. The dictionarymakesuse of chronicles of Baghdad' Nishapur, Khorezm,Bukhara, ndothers in all, eightcitedworksbear he titleTa'rkh)'.To the samecategory elongbiographical-works.with inividual itles suchas al-Tahbtrandal-Mudhayyalby Abu Sa'dal-Sam'nt,ndspecialisedrrorksn Sifism,fr example,Hilyat al'awliya'by Abii Nu'aym al-Isfahnl(d.430/1039), n treMu'tazilites al'Tabaqdtby l-qad'Abd al-Jabbr. Ahmad,andothers.Anothergenreof biographical iteratureactivelyem-ployed by the author s the descriptionof the "virtues"imnaqit) of thefounders f themain our madhhabs" bn""rrn u-Shfi'I,Malik b. Anas' and Ahmadb' Hanbal'Workswith thetitle al-Mandqibarecited n the dictionaryeither with reference o their compilers(for example,al-Saymar, l-sijistdni,al-Zararyarl)r withoutsuch efer-.n"ti lfot example,heMandqibAb HanTfu oversdozensof works).The citation frequencyvaries' Ten works are citedabout10 to 40 times: he biographical ictionaryTa'nkhBaghddd "Historyof Baghdad") y al-Khatbal-Baghdd(d. 463ltbZt; - more than 40 times, and the Hilyatawliya'("Adornment f the Saints") y Abii Nu'aymal-Igfaani about20 times.Both of thesemulti-volumeworks are well-known o specialists nd havebeenpub-lished.About 15 citationsareaccordedhe Ta'rkhNaysdbur("History of Nishapur")by Muhammad ' 'Abdalldhal-lafia l$tr 'Abdallhal-Hkimal-Naystri, lsoknownasibn'al-nayyi' d. 405/1014-15).This enormous,ight-volume tritoryof the 'ulamd' of Nishapur is dividedchronologicaltynto six "sections" generations)'he finalsectionCoverspeople who transmittedha[tths between32}lg32 anO -eOlgSO.he majorityof the individualsmentioned theTq'rtkhNaysdbilrwereeitherstudieddi-rectlywith al-flakim al-Naysb[rlor wee teachers f histeachers.This writing was also used by Abti Sa'd al-Sam'nl,who borrowed rom it informationabout fiftyCentralAsianscholarswho visitedNishapur. ater, bn al-Bayyi"s workwas ranslatedntoPersian,n which versionit hs ome own o us publishedn Tehrann 1961)U4l'Of specialntereststhe Ta'rtkhKhwarizm"HistoryofKhoreznt")by Mahmudal-KhwrizrnT,hichAbti-l-Karamhearddirectly rom heauthorandwhichhe citeson severaloccasions. al.rmd' Muhammad l-'Abbsb' Arslnmadhhar (var. dhAhir) al-DIn Abu Muhammad al-Khwriznrl 492-56811099-1 172173) asa KhorezrnianShafi'ite aqh, muhaddith,histotian,and Sif' He-heardhadths in -Khorezrn,Merv, Bukhara' Samarqand, ndbaghdadand aughtat thefamedal-Nizamiyyamadras,annalirAaa.The honorary itle of al-fiafiaal-mutlaqhe bore


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S' PRozoRov. A uniqueManuscriptof a BiographicalDictionarybya Khorezmian uthor l 3testifres o his profoundknowledgeof ,,the scienceofha[tth". Al-Sam'nwrote aboutMahmUdal_Khwriznsextensivenowledge f legalmethodology nddifferencespefv.vgenhe iqh schools.His work oLkafi fr-l_fiqh washeld n highesteem ot only by Shafi.itesui alio'bv therepresentativesf othermadhhqbs.Mahmiidal-Khwrimrs ,,Historyof Khorezn', con_sisted f eight argevolumes, r parts.Theautographf thisworkwasusedby ydqit al-Hamawd. 626/tt2), authorof a well-knowngeographical ictionary. n particular,hetook from it information n thefamedAsh.arite heologianand philosopher l-Shahrastnid. 54g/1153),on Ab_l-layn af-,'Umrnid. 60/1165), thepupil of bu_l_easimal-Zamakhsharl,tc. The ,,Historyof Khorezm"hasbeenpreservedn the abridged ersionof al-Dhahab. l-Subki,who wasacquainted ith the first volumeof the Ta,rftKhwarizm,cites in his own writing the ,,Introduction,,(al-muqaddima)o theTa,rTkh hwarzml5l.Severaltimes Abii-l-Karam cites lso the Ta,rkhBukhard "Historyof Bukhara',) y Gunjr,most ikely the

manuscriptrader andcopyist warrdq)whoseull amewasMutrammad. AhmadAbu .Abdallaiial_BukhrI. e is9o* by.the aqabCuljar @. 412/1021).Accordingo al-Sam'n, e inherited his sobriquet rom his teachir, thewell-knownBukharanmuhaddith,lsA . MusAAbii Ahmadal-Tam-rml hoseaqabwasGunjr d. 335/995). n tateof how he amedasceticaqth aid miuhaddith.Ia . Vtusa(!unja) resisteda postingas judge in Mawarannahrsgiven in the manuscript f the dictionarybut it doesnot.g{uil a biography f Gunjras heauthbrof the,.HistoryofBukhara".Al-Sam'nI escribes uhammad . Ahmadal_Bukhrasanexpertn had-tths ho ravelledwidely n thecitiesofMawarannahrndKhorasan ndhis work a'rlkh Bukhdrdas hebestbookeverwrittenon thehistoryof thatcity. Hecites he work when presentinghe biogrphies f sixteenBukharan cholarsrom the SamaniduIe.La.ter istoriansalso.heldGunjr's,Historyof Bukhara"n high esteem.GunjAr's rave n Bukharawaspreservedor manycentu_ries;at ttrgbgqinning f therweniieth entury, is tombstillstoodn heWesternection f theciry l6l.'Among individually itled works n he ta,rtkh genremost frequently cited in the dictionary we fin al_Mudhayyalandal-Tahbirby AbUSa,dal_S-am.n.he irstdoesnotappearwith this itle in othersources, lthoughweknow that al-Sam,nwrote a lengthycontinuation f al_$1.uU al-Baghddts,Historyof Bagirdad,, hichhe enti_tl?! f.,?b at-dlafl (,,Addition")or dhoyt Ta,rkhBaghdid("Addition o the .Historyof Baghdad'-").n tengtn t sur_passesby one hird) hesurvivinganapuUtistrediogrupH-cal dictio-nary y the sameauihor, he Kitab q_ansab('Book of Genealogies").trangely nough,he atterworkdoesnotappearn thedictionu.yof aUu_-*u-, althoughhe rvas--wellacquaintedwith l_Sam,n1nd his wors.Al-Mudhayyals anotheritle of theKftAbaLdhayl 171.Thesecondwork by al-Sam.Anlitedby Ab[_l_Karamin.his dictionary s Kitab at_tqhbfri-t_m jam al_kabr("Annotation o the Large Dictionary',). n the view ofF. Sezgin,his is but a reworkingof t-Uu am al_kabiriasmd'al-;al.tdba,,LargeDictionaryof the Namesof theCompanions") y the traditionalisiSulaymnb. AhmadAbii-l-Qasim al-Lakhmr. al-fabarnr (d in Ir;;;tf:ry1.) ,Lg:grd..e to.al-Subk,at_Tahbrwas equal nsrzeo theKifib al-anss y thesame uthor.Thewrkhas

survivedandhasbeenpublished Baghdad,1976)on thebasisof a singeextantmanuscriptn D-amascuslgf. To thes.am9_e9nref biographicaliterature elongs l_Tabaqatythe Mu'taziliteat-qdd.Abd al_Jabbarrelquentiyit"OUyourauthor.Abti-l-Karamalsodrewon diversematerialsrom bio_graphicalworks in the mandqibgenre.The focus n thiscase s on the virtuesof Abii HaniA andal_Shfi..Mostfrequently ited more \aylS times) s theMandqibby at_gaymarl.The eference-isikely to ttteMandqibOf nnt1aor Mandqibwa-musnqdb Hanfa,compiled qOqirc2.I *9:-r, [al]-flusaynb. ,h Abr: ,Abdallahal_Saymarr(C,.43611045), asa Shafi,iteaqh who sharedhe viewsof theMu'tazilites. e *us u pupil of a Baghdad hafi,itefaqh,Mtfiamrnadb. MiisAbUak at_rcrw:arizmite1.Anotherwork in the samegenreoftencited n ihe dic_l1:":ft j: the_Manaqibat-Shqi,t (,,Virruesof ut_Snadi;;by at-SUlstanI. he author,Mulrammadb. al_Husayn .Ibrhim Abii-l-Husayn_. (Abii_l_Hasan?)al-sijistani(d. 3631974), as ongmaly from the village f t a; ;4by) i" Sijistan,whichexplainshe secon'sobriquetefrd.T themanuscript aibiri (or al_buri).Acordingto al-Subki,al-SijistnsMandqib s the bestwork in thisgenre,-ontaininghe argest umber f chaptersabwab)75. The latter assertion, owever,conflitswith the de_s^9rfn^tio1e providesof the structureof the Manaqibal_y"rtl by a differentauthor, he Shafi.ite aqh sma.Tlb. Ibrhim AbU lfrrlrammad al_Sarakhsal_Harawl(!..41!/1022--23). Al-Subk saw this work in the al_Ashrafiyya_ibrary in Damascusin the Dar al_Had-rth).tconsistsof l.16 chapters ivided into two parts: he first(qq cnaprers) ontarns l_Shfi.fs enealogy, egiruringwith theProphet|_uhlqmaa; the furai forty c"hapter; th;second artprovide40 lladthsashansmiedby al_ShAfi.iwith isnddshatgoback o theprophet[20].A significant mount f theditionryo*." materialcomesfrom collectionsof Muslim trdition of variousstructwes ndorganisationalchemes.o thiscategory e_longs al-Masabth,which the authorcites more than 15times.Thecompiler's ames not given,butwe knowfromothersourceshat oneof the sevJn undamentalompila_tionsof Muslimtraditionwas he Kitdb maqabrh l_sinna("1-1gnjs..ojtleunna',),ts compilerwas hebhafi,itefaqh,muhaddith,Qur'niccommentatorndauthorof numerousyo$r,. al-flusaynb. Mas,iid Abti Muhammadal_Farr,al-Baghawtfrom the villageof Bagh,*fricf, Ies betweenHerat and Marwamrz).,H1staqa was Mubyi al_Sunna(Restorerf theSunna);edied ir uur*" rn 516/rr22.Eachchapterof the work classifies raditions n the ac_::tt:9 f:li" \:P: .(:."h!), o99Q1asn),strangegharb),anoweak 4a'ifl. At rhe imeof thedictiona.y,s riitg, tncollectionof traditionswas considered ne of the"mostauthoritative;n subsequententuries,t wasthe ob;e"i oinumerousommentariesnd eworkines,2ll.ATgng worksof vario-usenresit. Uy heauthor,wewereable o identifohe ollowing, '

. l.A :g*entary on the eur'n (tafsr)entirted /_:t:y y:-t-by|n.(,Revelation and Explanaiion,,),hichlt

.],:q 1as t-Kashflabout20 times.Theauthor AhmadD. MulammactAbii Is[q an_Naysbirll_Tha,labioral-Tha'libd. 427 1036l ftil tofr* i:u,,. *a copiedby al-Sam'n under the diretion of tfrc Shafi,iteMuhammad b. al-Muntasir al_Mutawaill known as


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t 4 i l lonuscripto ()aientalia, voL' 5No.2JLrNEe99Muhammad b. Abf Sa'd al-Tiiqn (Tuqan is a village intusid.53slrr4r)[221.2. Al-Zaw-ajtr,rom which the author ook "notes",iscitedabout 0 times.This is likely Kitab al-zawajirwal-ma,vq'iz ("Book of RestrainingElementsand Exhorta-tions") by al-Hasanb. 'AbdallhAbii Ahmadal-'AskarTQ0g3-3821906-992D3), heuncleand eacher f the ra-itionalistAb[ Hilal al-'AskarI d. 395/1005),authorofKitabal-awa'll "Bookof Predecessors").manuscriptftheKitdbal-zawdjirhassurvived23].3.KilAb tanbthal-ghafilir ("Gaining he Attentionofthe Carefree") y the Hanafiteaqh, Qur'niccommenta-tor, andSiifi Abi-l-Laythal-Samarqandid. 373l983).Thework consists f 94 chapters nd reatsquestions f moral-ity, piety,ethics,andother opicson the basisofutterancesby theProphetMuhammad24l.Thework wasalsoused yS'haf tes, in particular, he "devout ascetic"Ahmad b.Miis Abii-l-'Abbs al-Ashnahl ?) (450-515/1058-1121),who came o Baghdad nd here earnediqh fromthe Shaf ite imam Abi Sa'd al-shaykh al-Mutawalli27-47811036-1085),authorof the Kitab al-tatimma("Continuation")25].4. Kitab shu'ab al-Tmdn "Branches f Faith"), adogmaticworkknown n sources lsoby the itle al'Minhaifi ihu'ab al-lmdn,penned y the traditionalist l-Husayn .al-Hasan bii'Abdallh al-Hal-nni338-403 1949-50-1012).Originally rom Jurjan,he lived in Bukharabeforemovingo Nishapur. l-Hakimal-Naysbiird. 405/ 014)is consideredo havebeenoneof his pupils.The Kitdbshu'abal-manwasusedby Ahmadb' al-Husayn bBakral-Bayhaql3821.--458/894-1066)n his treatiseKitab al-asmd' wa-l-si/t ("Divne Namesand Athibutes"). Weshouldadd hata Kitdb shu'abal-man s alsocited asoneof al-Bayhaqls umerous orks.The authorof thediction-arywasalso amiliarwith hisworks n Khorezrn:he manu-scriptcontainseferenceso Ahmadal-Bayhaq26].5.Riyadatal-nafs "Training he Soul"),or Kitb al-riya(a. Theauthors lvftrl]ammad. 'Ali Abii 'Abdallhal-Hkimal-Tirmidhrd. after283/898), nextremelympor-tant figure n Khorasanmysticismand he authorof manyworks(around80) in whichhe developed is teachings nasceticism,mysticgnosis,he hierarchyof the saints,etc'His ideason the soul, its "states"and "movements",onmeansof self-perfection,xerteda powerful nfluenceonsubsequent iifi psychology.Riyddatol-nafshas survivedandhasbeenpublishedn Cairon 19471271.6.Kifib dhammal-maldht ("The Condemnation fMusicalEntertainments")ndKitdb al'muhtqdarn"ThosePossessedy Spirits").The authorof theseworks is theimdm 'Abdallah b. Mt'LrammadAbii Bakr al-Qurash,knownalso as Ibn Abl-Duny d. 2811894).The title ofthe secondwork couldnot be found n othersources.t ispossiblehat hesame uthors responsibleor thework onbanning hessKird uhrmal-sharqni)which s alsocitedin thedictionary281.7. Kftab sharh al-'uyin, or Shqrh kitdb al-'uyiln("Commentaryn the Sources"').The author s shaykhal-isldm al-Hkimal-Jushamas t standsn the manuscript).This s likely al-Mutrassin. KarrmaAbii Sa'd al-Bayhaqlal-Zamakhshar l-Hakim al-JushamI b. in Mecca in43111039,. heren494lll0l). The ull name f theworkis Sharh 'uyiln al-masA'il ilm al-uqil ("The Interpreta-tion of Theological Problems on the Basis of theQur'n") 29]. The itle (in bothvariants)ndicateshat his

is a commentarynKitab 'uyilnal-masq'il,but e knowofvarious uthors howroteworksby thisname'Theyare heHanafiteAbi-l-Layth al-samarqandd. 3731983)whocompiledhls 'Uyiln ql-mqsd'il i'l-furil'[30], al-NawawI(d.47611053) ithhis Kitdb 'uyunal-masd'il31];andal-Hkim al-Jusham imself who wrote Kit 'uyun al-masd'il.The latter work hasbeen dentifiedas Kitab al-'uyunfiJ-radd 'ald qhl al-bida' ("Sourcesor the Refuta-tion of ThoseWho Introducempermissible ovelties")bythesame uthor 32]. In thiscase,he itle cited n the workmay be interpreted s he author's ommentaryn his ownwork.8.Ma'rifat al-sahdba "Informationon the Compan-ions [of the Prophet]")by the above-mentionediifi tradi-tionalist bii Nu'aymal-Isfahnd.430/1039)33].9.Al-Majmu' ("Collection") by the Hanaffie aqthand ascetic Makbul b. al-Fa{l Abii Mut' al-Nasaff(d. 318/930). l-Majmf is not mentionedn othersourcesknown o me 34].lO.Kitab al-'uzla "Solitude"), r al-I'tiqdmbi-l-'uzla("Searchor Refugen Solitude").The author s Ahmadb.Muhammad bi Sulaymnl-Khattbl l-Bust d' in Bostain 388/998), neof the eachersf al-Hkim l-Naysb[rl.A muhaddith, e wrotemanyworks on had-tthsaside romtheKitdbal-'uzla,Gharbal-hadrth,Ma'alim al-sunan, ndothers).He was an asceticwho turned o mysticismn oldageandentered $iif cloister.The Kitab al-'uzlahassur-vivedandbeen ublishedn Cairo n 1937 35].ll. An-nasa'ihal-kibar ("Main Exhortations") y theabove-mentionedb0-l-Qsimal-Zamakhshar.he workwaswrittenn 5l2llll8 and consisted,ccordingo theauthorof the dictionary,of 50 maqams whencets othertitle- al-Mqqamat)36].12.Al-QasrdaiJ+awhd wa-'adl ("Qa;(a on Mono-theismandDivine Justice")by Abu Sa'dal-Ab.The titleseemso be a descriptive. he full nameof the author sMansiirb. al-Husayn bii Sa'd al-bi (d. 42111030),hewell-knownBuwayhidwazrMajdal-Dawlan Ray.A liter-ary figure,poet, and historian,he was the author of theTa'rkhRay("Historyof Ray"),Nuzhatql-qdb "Pleasureof OneWell-Educated"),ndpoeticworks.His anthologyin verse ndprose assurvived37].

In addition o the works mentioned bove, he manu-scriptcitesanother10works whichcould not be identifiedat present.Among them are Futilh Nasaf, MaJdrrdahlMarw, al-Majdlis,andothers.The question f whatwas he criterionby which heseor thoseMuslim authorswere selectedor inclusionn thedictionary emainsunclear.We can only statewith suretythat hemajorityof these uthors, xcludinghe companionsoftheProphet ere esidentsfthe eastemrovincesftheCaliphateIraq,Khorasan,Mawarannahr). omeare inkedto Mecca and Medina, and only a handful o Syia andEgypt. Chronologically,he dictionarydealswith all gen-erations of Muslims, including contemporaries f theauthor,however,igures rom the first two centuries f theHijrapredominate.Most numerousn the dictionaryareMuslim scholarswho wrote on a vast angeof religiousmatters, ut alsoonotherbranches f humanitarian uslim science. hey werefaqhs, muhaddiths,Qur'n commentators,mutakallims,preachers,philologists, literary figures, and historians.However,he predominancef qd[ts, ncluding thosewho


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S. PROZOROV. A UniqueManuscript of a Biographical Dictionary by a KhorezmianAuthor l )combined cholarlypursuitswith the performancef legalduties, s evident.Thedictionarycontains lsobiographiesof thecaliph Umarb. 'Abd al:Atrz (anextensive iogra-phy,running o 17pages f text), he seventhShi,ite mamMUsA l-KAzim, ndothers.The theologicaland legal affinity of scholars epre-sented n the dictionary s shown mpartialand fully. Wefind in the dictionary the biographiesof Hanafites,Shaf ites,Mu'tazilites,Sufrs,andothers.Detailedandex-tensive iographies f Abri $anfa (one enthof themanu-script)andhis notable ollowers AbUyiisuf (approx.16pages) nd yftrbammadl-ShaybnIapprox.13 pages)reflect heir greatauthorityand popularity n the asternprovinces f the Caliphate.The author avisheshe sameattentionon the eponymous ounder of the Shafi,itemadhhab ffi,rllammad , Idrs al-Shfi, approx.17pages). he Mu'tazilite heological chool s alsobroadlyrepresented,eginningwith its founders,Wsilb. ,At' and'Amr b. 'Ubayd, and closing with Mu,tazilites fromKhorezm.But what s noticeables thatalmostall individu-als included in the dictionary were ascetic (zuhhad)andpiousmen 'ubbad).Theauthor ecountswith careandreverenceheir asceticism,marvelsof selabnegation,e-straintandselfless evotion,piousutterances,nddreams.As A.-8.Khalidov aspointed ut,manyof thebiographiesresemble agiographies. guidingprinciple n theauihor'sselection f subjectswaspietyto serveasan example f apiouswayof life.The dictionarymakesuseof information rom a widearrayof Arabic sources,ncluding hosewhichhavesincebeen ostor which odaysurvive n abridged ersions r inlaterPersianranslations. f especialnterestare he biog-raphiesof men connectedwith the religiousand culturlcentres f CentralAsia - Khorezm,Merw, Bukhara.Sa-marqand, tc. Such biographieseflect local historical-biographicalraditions,actual ife andmores, slamicwor-

ship, he formationof a classof local religiousauthorities,theirrole in the disseminationndnansmiJsionf relisiouknowledge nd n the establishmentf closeandmuallvenrichingspiritual ies with other regionsof the Muslimworld bothfar and near.Evidence f this is found, or ex_lnple, in the biographies f outstandingMuslim scholarsknown far beyond Mawarannahr,suh as al-Bukhrl(d.2561870)andal-Zamak,hsharl.oreover,we find herefactsaboutheir iveswhichareabsentn othersources.The materialsn the dictionary estify to the fact thatCentralAsiawasa partof thesinglecultural ealm ormedby the Muslimworld, that scholarlyschoolsand ocaldy_nasties f scholarsook shapen thecitiesof Mawarannarand Khorasan.People rom this region not only gainedknowledgeromauthoritiesn thecapital,but alsoiarightatthe famedmadrasas f BaghdadandNishapur,andtheirworkswereknown hroughoutheMuslimworld. t is sufi_cientto cite names uchas al-Khwrizml,al-Matur-ldi, l-Tirmidhi,al-Sam'nl, nd others,whoseworksstandas atreasuredontributiono the egacyof Muslimscience. hisbiographical ictionaryby a Khorezmian uthoralso ookitsplace n thehistoryof Muslimculture.The dictionarywasdrawnup at a time when eligionandculture n Khorezmwere lourishing.n thefural q-uar_ter of thetwelfthcentury,Khorezn and ts maincitv. bur-ganj,were regionalcentresof scholarshipwith fiLraries,schoo.ls,_nd mosques. ot long after,however,he regionfell victim to theruinousassault f theMongols:Khorzmwasdestroyed,he librarieswereburnt,andscholarswhofailed o- leewereslaughtered.n enormous ritten egacycreated y generationsf scholars erishedorever. n thiscontext,oneshouldview the survivingsectionof this bio_graphical ictionary y a Khorezmian cholar sa frasnentof a culturewhichwasdestroyed, sa rich remnant f theArabic iterature f pre-MongolKhoremr.

N o t e sl V I' Beliaev,Arabskierukopisi sobraniinstituta ostokovedeniiakademiiNaukSSSR,,.,Arabicmanuscriptsn thecollec-tionof the nstitute f orientalStudies f theusSRAcademy fsciences"), /ghgnyeapskillaNsssR, vI (1953),pp.66_ 76.2'B'z' Khalidov, Zamakhshari(o zhizni tvorchesive)""Al-zaakhshaii: n his life anJ works,,), emitskieazyki,2/2.Materialy ervokonferentsii.poemitskimazykam.2,6- 28ktaiia 1964 Moscow, 965),pp.siz-sa.3' A' B' Khalidov, Neizvestnybiograficheskiilovar'XII v. iz Khrezma""an nknown twelfth-century iographical ic-tionary romKhorezm"), ola orientalia,XIII (1971),pp.67- 75; idem,"Riografrcheskiilouari l-andarasbani,,.,The iographi-caldictionary y al-Andarasbanl'),is'mennyeamiainikivostoka.'lstoro-filo-togicheskiesteioiniia. lgTl (1g74),pp.143-61.For he istofsources ited n thesecond rticle, ee elow, . 13 .4' GAL' ' 365,No' l0; sgd,I,624. Thisworkhassurvived nly n themanuscriptf a 9th/l5thcentury ersianranslation. eec. A. Storey, ersianLiterature. Bio-Bibriographicarurvey, Lonon,1935),, pp. r77-.g.s. GAL, , 365:SBd, . 624.;"?'i:'19"1Tjjl1*o:*^1,*1-*9lf l:._1':9?ghdad,nd t henvitationrtrre uwayhd, azr l-shibbn Abbd,.illi'.,''ll,H'"?tll::*:,1'i-*':'::,,:::!:1..":y}""i;T:Fii; i{;i":;;?:;'ai-;i",'";fi:Yl::lf_:,o:,,f,"130,:';3lll:^!:dtit,!.'!i??t,-(abaqat-mu.'taz.ita,.rh; i't;;;iil;fi,il:",ii#i: iii:Y:l::i11,::,): n1u-tlsneoin,lunis.ine74and ited y h,euthrf thedictionaryat_1abaqdtn themanuscript)n hisbiography fheMu'tazilites. ormoredetailabouthim,seeG5,l. 624_6.7' Thisevidentlvefers o the Shaf itefaqh 'Abd al-Malikb. Sa'dAb[-l-Fadl al-Tammr, ho studied/qfr n Baghdadrom*::iit ":t$:,il tlj^lil:.. 91T.a teagtrilgL ll.^.i!t or Khurrabad.ccroing o al-sam'n,whoconveysirst-handnformationalive at the time that al-Sam'nls dir rneume rnarar-)am'anrs dlctlonary was written. Seeal-Subk, Tabaqdt,Lv,262.8. This_isMutammad b. Sahl Abu-l-'Ala' al-hfi2 al-Hamadni'(48g-i69/1095-madni488-569/1095-1173), muhaddith nd eur'nicreader.n::j,'::,,:,1:t:,,j:.!"-yi,:gj.,:;,1:,)T:li"_q"qi.,rj;ti;; ,'ytnfi:,yia_;;;;;,(ri":,,^:ii,#i;i:;",:"i:.::'):::::'l-::*:::l\?i .b:!,!!,:K.itabazy,a,ary*r,u.r,;.;;;;)";;; d,ii;,ffi;#, ,'rhffi;hemanuscriptsa,ccompaniedy he ormulaor oneoepartid rahmahultah which indicat;r;ffi;;Kir'jil,ffi:i:dictionaryfter 691173.


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t 6 (YDcnuscriptr ()eientolio. voL.sNo.2JUNEeee9. works with this title wereextremely ornmon theyexpoundedhe 40 hafiths (with rsnds)whichgo back o theProphet'nadditiono theKitdbal-arba'n,theauthorseemso haveuse th.t workby Muwaffaqb' A\mad' M,aldqibal-mmb Hanfa "Thevirtues f ImmAb[ Han-a,),hemanuscript r wnicrr rasu.* pr.r.*.0 anpublished-(Hydrabad,32lll903-44)' seeGAL'sBd' I'549,623;Kahhala u'jam,XIII' 52.10.The ull title of thiscommentarys al-Kashshfanhaq'iqal+arul.wa-'uyun,al-aqawli wuiilhal-ta'wl ("showing heTruthsof the Revelationand sourcesof Judgments n tut.'un,of Interpretation"). he authorwas the authoritativeMu'tazilite theologian'Hanafitefaqh,iterary igure,andphilogistr4airrnuJb. 'umar uo-t-Qusi. al-Zamakhshar467-53811075-1144)'He wasborn n

Zamakhsharnd ivedanddied n Gurganj1Khor.lii-iashshaf @opletedn 52811134)s theonlyMu'tazilitecommentaryo have

survivedn full. It waswell-knownn tie MuslimEasievenamong pponentsf theMu'tazilites.Al-Zamakhsharsommentarys distin-guished y its attention" prrii"r"gi."r ^o9tf (3quuri *ttictr mao ri Khorezmianchoolof philology amous) nd ts depthof analysis'foundedon a rational t.,-.p..i.t" or trtu-i. ogn;u.The mainauthoritiesor al-Zamakhsharlere he Mu'tazilitesal-Jtriz, l-qadt.Abd al-Jabbar nd otherJwho are mentionedby the authorof the dictionary.He also madedirect use of al-Kashshf'on al-Zamakhsharso,n-.nr*y-, ;.; E. . Rezvan, roian i elo tolkovanie" "The Qur'anand ts commentary"), hrestomatiiao islamu,comp. nO d.by S.M. PrzorovMoscow, 994)' p' 55-9: -ll. This s anobvious eferenceo Firdawsoflo.tna, ("Garden f Reports"), collection9l]9,0q0 short raditionsn alphabeticalorder.The authorof thecollectionwas hehisto.ianoiamd*, shiru*uytt . sttutt.io. (Shahrida-d)/-fiafia$! Shuja'al-Daylami l-Hamadn!whoseaqab*^-.if"ya-t+ iS,- SOqrcSa- l l5). See l-Sub


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S. PROZOROV. A Unique Manuscript of a Biographical Dictionary by a KhorezmiqnAuthor18.Al-SubY,t,abaqt,[Y,260;GAL,SBd,l,279;GAS,I,196.Theauthor f thedictionaryefers lso o otherwritings y AbuSa.dal-Sam'ni. heseare Kitb al-halwd("Sweetness"), itdb al-lsfir 'an al-asr ("Exposureof Travels"),al-Fawd'id al-Sam'aniya("Al-Sam'antsUsefulExhortations"), r Faw'id al-maw'id "UsefulFeastExhortations"). he itles of these ompositionsreknownfrom othersources.19.GAL,SBd,1,636, a; GAS, ,4ll; Makdis.,bn'AqL, 70ff. The authorof thedictionaryefers lso o al-Musnad y Abuttanifa,whichhe hinks o bean ndependent ork.A manuscript f the writinghas eached s(publisredn Aleppo n l3B2l1962).20.Al-Sam'nI,l-Ansab,l,63-4; al-Subk, abaqat,Il, 49-50; ibid.,Ill,ll5---6.2 . Al-Subki, abaqat,lY214-7; GL,l, 363-4: SBd, , 620-2.22. Al-Subkl Tabaqdt,ll, 23; bid., V, I 96.23.GAL,r , 27;SBd, l ,193.24.GAL,I,196; ahhal4Mu am,XIII, 9l; GA5,1,445.25. Al-Subki, Tabaqdt, V, 56. In turn, Abi Sa'd al-Mutawallstudiedikh with three authoritative cholars uch as al-afr al-Husaynin Marwamrz), bu Sahlal-Abward in Bukhara), ndAbu-l-Qasim l-Marwaz l-Furantin Merv).The atterdied n Merv n46111069. e was he authorof Kitdb al-ibdna("The Exposureof the Foundations f the Belief]") to which his pupil Abti Sa.d al-Mutawallwrotea "Supplement"(Kifib al-tatimma).Both works eflectedhe viewsof al-Ash'arfs heological cholwhoseprinciplestheyshared ndadvocated.bti Sa'dal-Mutawalliwasconsideredn authorityn dogmas nd heir divergences.ill his death e aughtatthe amousmadrasa l-Nizamiyya. eeal-SubkiTabaqat,lIl,223-5.26.Al-Subk, abaqdt,III, 47-50; ibid.,3J; GAL,SBd,ll,144.27.GAL,SBd,l, 355-4 (No.4); GAS,1,654 No.4); seealsoA. Knysh, At-Tirmizi"("Al-Tirmidh'), slamna territoriibyvsheRossisoimperii.Entsiklopedicheskilovar', asc. (Moscow,1998),pp.9l-1.28.GAL,, 154(No.3) ;SBd,,247(No.3) ;GAS,, Indices.nthel is tof sourcessuggestedbyA.B.Khal idov,i tdbdhammal-malah andKifib tahrmal-shatranjwa-l-malhiare shownas a singlework under he title Kifib tahrmal-nardwal-shatraniwa-l-

malhwhose uthor s said o be Mu{rammad. al-Husayn l-junt (d. 360/970).SeeKhalidov,':Biograficheskiilovar"',i. fsf,No. 1 with referenceo GAL,SBd,l, 274,No.9. But theauthorof thedictionary onsideredhe wo works o be ndependent ritings. tshouldbe noted hat rmong umerousompositionsf Ibn Abi-l-Dunywe encounter itdb dhammal-maldhi,a manuscript f which sheld n Berlin.29 .GAL . t . 4 t2 .30.Theworkwaspublishedn Cairo alsomany imesn Mecca). eeGIE l, 447,436.3 . Al-Subki,Tabaqt,ll, 224.32.GL, SBd, , 731---2;GAS, 1,626; S.M. Stem, Abu-l-Qasimal-Bustiand his refutation f Isma'ilism". MS 0961).pp. l4-35 where he authorused his workby al-Jusham.33. GAL,SBd, , 616-7 (No.8).34. bid.,293,6 a; 357,6b; G5,1,601---2.35.al-Subki,abaqdt,II,18;GAL,I,275;GAS,I, 10-1.36.GAL,l,292 xrr\;SBd,l,5r (X[).37.YqDt,Mu'jam, VI, Index; dem, rshdd, I, 304; bid., V, 355;GAL, I, 351; SBd, I, 593; Kahhal4Mu'jam,XIII, 12;A. B. Khalidov, Antologiiaal-Abi v rukopisi nstitutavostokovedeniiaN SSSR" "A manuscript f the antholoryof ai-Ui n the In-stituteof Oriental Studiesof the USSR Academyof Sciences"),ssledovaniiao istorii kul'tury narodov Vostka.Sbornkv chest'akademika. A. Orbeli(Moscow-Leningrad,1960), p. 487-91.I l l u s t r a t i o n s

Manuscript f the biographical ictionaryby AbD-l-Karam l-Khwrizm l-AndarasfnicallnumberC2387) rom the collectionof the St.Petersburg ranchof the Instituteof Orientalstudies,ol. I a with the extof thebiography f 'Abdallhb. al-Murbak l-KhursnT.Fig.2. Thesamemanuscript,ol. l37b (p.273)with the beginning f the biography f Muhmtidb.'Umu al-Zamakhshari l-Khwrizm.

T7


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RUSSIANACADEMY OF SCIENCESTHEINSTITUTEOF ORIENTALSTUDIESST.PETERSBURGRANCH

orba,nuscuiptaOui entoliaJntecnetiono -/ouvnel oc ()eieotoJ ry0qnuscript e eseocch

Vol .5 No.2 June 999

76eSa4.)t, /t etersb rg-r$esi nki


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CONTENTSTEXTSAND MANUSCRIPTS:DESCNPTIONAND RESEARCH.B. Babajanov.Biographiesof Makhdiim-i A'qam al-Ksnlal-Dahbd-r, hrykh ofNaqshbandyaS. Prozorov.A UniqueManuscript f a Biographical ictionaryby a Khorezmian uthorI. Kulganek.A MongolianFolk SongsCollection n the St.Petersburg ranchof the

the Sixteenth-CenturyInstitute of Oriental 91 8

1 -

StudiesM. Vorobyova-Desyatovskaya. SanskritManuscripton Birch-Bark rom Bairam-Ali: .The Vinavaof theSarvstivddinsTEXTAND ITS CULTUML INTERPRETATION.E. Rezvan.TheQur'nand ts world. IX. TheTriumphof Diversity:MuslimExegesisORIEAITALMANUSCNPTSAND NEW INFOKMATION TECHT{OLOGIES.E. Rezvan,N. Kondybaev.TheENTRAPSoftware: estResults.PRESENTINGTHE MANUSCNPTT. Pang.A ManchuManuscript n AcupunctureBOOK REVIEWS.

J

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5 85 8

6r1 l

F r o n t c o v e r :Fragment f rhedrawingdemonstratingcupunctureointswhichshouldbe appliedwhenhealinebackpainanda half-bodyparalysis.Sabsiresfiihasindara erguwecuke rgcn, manuscriptS 92mss n the-coilectionof theSt.Petersburgranchof the nsliilte of OrientalStudhs, llustration13, ol. 42, 27.0x46.3 cm.

B a c k c o v e r :Drawingof a male igure with ac3puncture ointswhich shouldbeappliedwhenhealingchild'snight cryingand ooth-ache,he samemanuscript,llustration ,lt. ZS,27.0x46.j-cs:"

prozorov 1999 mo 05 2 unique manuscript

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