proyecto science fair final
TRANSCRIPT
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Carlos Andrs Quesada EstradaSebastin Ramrez CotoAndrs Oreamuno Jimnez
Science Fair Project, 2011Page 2
ENVIRONMENT BATTERY
Summary
In our research project will try to answer the question "Is it possible to get
electricity from alternative sources?.
The group used literature from book and the internet. The group
prepared a demonstration.
A conclusion for this project is we can use fruits or vegetables to make
electrical energy.
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Table of contents
Acknowledgements ............................................................................................... 4
Introduction ........................................................................................................... 4
Antecedents ........................................................................................................... 4
Objectives .............................................................................................................. 5
General Objective ............................................................................................... 5
Specific Objectives............................................................................................... 5
Theoretical Framework ......................................................................................... 5
Methodology.......................................................................................................... 7
A. Type of data: ................................................................................................ 7
B. Description of the selected methods and tecnhiques of investigation. ......... 7
C. Analysis and interpretation of data ............................................................. 7
Materials List.................................................................................................... 8
Procedure ........................................................................................................ 8
Whats going on? ................................................................................................ 9
D. Chronogram of activities. ............................................................................. 9
Discussion and Analysis ........................................................................................ 12
Conclusions and recommendations...................................................................... 12
Bibliography ........................................................................................................ 12
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Acknowledgements
We thank our parents, our classmates, and the teacher for helping us
doing this science fair project.
Introduction
This part is the introduction for the science fair project. The topic of the
project is environment battery. The group picked the topic because we like the
energy. This topic is important because this experiment will can be used to make
energy in the future.
Antecedents
This section consists on the antecedents for science fair projects. The group
decided to work on the topic because we want to make electricity with
alternative sources.
Scientific investigation is important because to make electricity is needed
electrolytes and electrodes. We also want to learn how acids can be
used to make electricity.
The questions for this work are:
y How to prepare an experiment to produce energy using alternative sources?y What kinds of metals could we use as electrodes?y What fruits can be using to produce energy?
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Objectives
General Objective
y To analyze how to get energy ofalternative sources.
Specific Objectives
1. To prepare an experiment to produceelectricity using alternatives sources.
2. To examine those kinds of metalscould we use as electrodes.
3. To investigate what fruits orvegetables can be electricity.
Theoretical Framework
Everything on earth stores and uses energy to stay alive. The ultimate
source of this energy is the sun. By what process does life collect and store its
energy? In our experiment we try demonstrate how the process of energy storage
(and use) in living things is described by electrochemistry.
All batteries have a "+" and "-" terminal. Electric current is a flow of atomic
particles called electrons. Certain materials, called conductors, allow electrons
to flow through them. Most metals (copper, iron) are good conductors of
electricity. Electrons will flow from the "-" electrode of a battery, through a
conductor, towards the "+" electrode of a battery.
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A battery is made if a zinc strip and a copper
strip is placed in an acid. The strips serve as the
electrodes and the acid serves as the electrolyte.
Electrodes are the metal parts of the battery
where electric current enters or leaves the battery and an electrolyte is a
solution that can conduct electricity. At the zinc strip, the acid dissolves the zinc
freeing electrons. At the copper strip, the acid uses those electrons to form
hydrogen gas. Because the zinc strip frees electrons and the copper strip uses
electrons, if you put a wire between the two strips, then electrons will flow from
the zinc to the copper hence producing electrical current.
The electrical energy derived from the chemical energy of the battery is
measured through the potential difference between the electrodes called the
voltage.
Voltage is measured in terms of volts, a unit named in honor of theinventor of electrochemical cell, Alessandro Volta.
Our battery like most batteries consists of two
different metals suspended in an acidic solution. We
use fruits and vegetables, because these have acids.
The copper and zinc plates are the two metals and the acid inside the lemon or
potato acts as the acidic solution. This is a single cell of a battery. The zinc and
copper plates act like electrodes and the acid of potato or lemon serves as the
electrolyte.
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In summary, when the metals are
immersed into the electrolyte a
chemical reaction takes place. It
generates a flow of the electrons that
forms a small electrical current.
Methodology
This part is the methodology of the project.
A.Type of data:The data that is useful for this topic was related to the theorical framework
and the instructions for demostration. This data was collected through
bibliographic research on obooks, the internet.
B.Description of the selected methods and tecnhiques ofinvestigation.
In case of demostration is done bassed partially on bibliographic resourses but
also bassed on the procedure and results of the demostration.
C.Analysis and interpretation of dataIn this case of demostration, analysis and interpretation of data was done
based on the instructions of the project.
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Materials List
Copper plates Zinc plates 1 or 2 lemons or potatoes
Connection wires LCD watch, light LED or sound chip
Procedure
1. Roll the lemon or potato on a table so that the juice can flow easily.2. Make two small incisions on each lemon or potato about 2 cm
apart.
3. Insert the zinc plate and the copper plate in the lemon orpotato.
4. Use the wires to connect the leads of theLED lamp, sound chip or LCD watch to the
copper and the zinc plates.
*THINGS YOU NEED TO KNOW*
There are universal standards for positive and
negative terminals. The positive terminal is always the red coloured wire, whereas the
negative terminal is always black. Always connect the negative terminal to a zinc plate (or a
more reactive metal) and the positive terminal to the copper plate (or a less reactive metal).
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Whats going on?
You should see your LED lamp light up, or hear a buzz from your sound
chip. Amazingly, the lemons or potatoes are actually providing power to the
circuit! The zinc and copper plates are acting as electrodes and the juice is the
electrolyte. Charge flows from one metal through the juice to the other metal (it
wouldnt work if both were the same metal), creating a voltage.
You can try different fruits and vegetables see if you can find the most
powerful food! Ifyou have one, you can test the voltage using a multimeter. You
will find your fruit battery has about the same voltage as that used in a torch!
However, you wont be able to use it to light up a light bulb because the current
it produces is too low; this is because there is a lot o f resistance inside the lemons
or potatoes. Batteries have much lower resistance, so produce more current
because Current = Voltage/Resistance.
D.Chronogram of activities.Chronogram of activities is detailed on the logbook. In the logbook include
the activities to be done during the time investigation. It include the data, the
time and the action that the group did in order to prepare this project.
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LogBook
Day: April, 8th
Time: 8:30 am
Action: We decided a topic for science fair. Electrical Energy.
Day: April, 29th
Time: 7:00 am
Action: We decided the type ofproject.
Day: May, 23th
Time: 8:30 am
Action: We composed the general and specific objectives.
Day: May, 24th
Time: 10:00 am
Action: We read and inderlined the information we brought about the
topic to make the teoretical framework.
Day: May, 27th
Time: 7:00 am
Action: We composed the general and specific objectives.
Day: Jun, 7st
Time: 7:00 am
Action: We wrote the title and the acknowledge for the project.
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Carlos Andrs Quesada EstradaSebastin Ramrez CotoAndrs Oreamuno Jimnez
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Day: June 8t
Time: 8:30 am
Action: We wrote the introduction and the summary.
Day: June 10th
Time: 7:00 am
Action: We worked in the antecedents.
Day: June 13th
Time: 7:00 am
Action: We worked on the methodology.
Day: June 14th
Time: 10:00 am
Action: We worked on the methodology.
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Discussion and Analysis
We can use zinc and copper like electrodes because these metals allow that
an electrical current enters or leaves.
We could use plates, clips, coins, screw, nails, forks, etc. too.
Fruits and vegetables usually contain mild acids; they can be used as the
electrolyte ofa battery. For instance, potatoes contain mild phosphoric acid and
lemons contain citric acid.
Conclusions and recommendationsWe can use alternative sources to produce energy by using the electrodes
and electrolytes from fruits or vegetables that have acids.
Bibliographyhttp://www.mercury.co.nz/education/education_projects_lemon.asp , Energy
Education. The power of the lemon.
http://www-openday.ch.cam.ac.uk/pdfs/fruit_battery.pdf , The Electrifying Fruit-
powered Battery.
http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/projects/lemon.html , Lemon power. What to do
a lemon besides making lemonade!
http://www.eweek.org/site/DiscoverE/activities/lemon.shtml , The Lemon Battery
Challenge.