protist and fungi you will be able to explain how protists and fungi are similar and different than...
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Protist and FungiProtist and FungiYou will be able to explain how protists You will be able to explain how protists and fungi are similar and different than and fungi are similar and different than other common microscopic organisms.other common microscopic organisms.
Prokaryote (Bacteria Cell)Prokaryote (Bacteria Cell)
Can Not See NucleusCan Not See Nucleus Much smaller than Much smaller than
Eukaryote cellsEukaryote cells No visible organellesNo visible organelles Contains DNA and Contains DNA and
RNARNA
Eukaryote Cells: Protists and FungiEukaryote Cells: Protists and Fungi
Much largerMuch larger Can See Nucleus (Brain Can See Nucleus (Brain
of Cell) and organellesof Cell) and organelles Complex cell can do Complex cell can do
more than Prokayotemore than Prokayote Has Specialized Has Specialized
Functions in multi-cellular Functions in multi-cellular organismsorganisms
Contains DNA and RNAContains DNA and RNA DNA mainly in nucleusDNA mainly in nucleus
Protist CharacteristicsProtist Characteristics Much larger than bacteria and Much larger than bacteria and
virusesviruses Animal-like though 1 makes its Animal-like though 1 makes its
food by photosynthesisfood by photosynthesis Made up of eukaryote cells—Made up of eukaryote cells—
You can see nucleus and You can see nucleus and organelles (unlike prokaryote organelles (unlike prokaryote bacteria)bacteria)
Most unicellular but some are Most unicellular but some are multi-cellular ( certain algae )multi-cellular ( certain algae )
Only found in moist Only found in moist environments (water)environments (water)
4 basic types of Protists4 basic types of Protists Reproduce using Fission Reproduce using Fission
(cloning/asexual) and Fussion (cloning/asexual) and Fussion (conjucation/sexual)(conjucation/sexual)
Amoeba
Nucleus
Nucleus
Psuedopodia
Protist 1: ParameciumProtist 1: Paramecium
Eukaryote- can see Eukaryote- can see nucleus and nucleus and organellesorganelles
Covered in ciliaCovered in cilia Found in WaterFound in Water Has 2 NucleusesHas 2 Nucleuses Feeds on other Feeds on other
protists (algae and protists (algae and Euglena)Euglena)
Macronucleus
Micronucleus
Contracting Vacuole
Protist 2: AmeobaProtist 2: Ameoba Eukaryote- can See Eukaryote- can See
organelles and Nucleusorganelles and Nucleus Move with PseudopodiaMove with Pseudopodia Found in bottom in the Found in bottom in the
sediment of most water sediment of most water systemssystems
Engulfs food by Engulfs food by surrounding itsurrounding it
Causes diseases such as Causes diseases such as malaria, and dysentery malaria, and dysentery and rare form eats brain and rare form eats brain of humans!of humans!
Nucleus
Pseudopodia
Protist 3: Volvox and AlgaeProtist 3: Volvox and Algae
Eukaryote- can See Eukaryote- can See Nucleus and organellesNucleus and organelles
Green organelles called Green organelles called chloroplastschloroplasts
Autotrophic-makes own Autotrophic-makes own foodfood
Some live as colony Some live as colony (Volvox)(Volvox)
Some deadly release Some deadly release toxin known as the Red toxin known as the Red TideTide
Volvox (colony of algae cells)
Red Tide
Protist 4: EuglenaProtist 4: Euglena
Eukaryote- can see Eukaryote- can see Nucleus and organellesNucleus and organelles
Is both Plant and Animal; Is both Plant and Animal; makes and eats foodmakes and eats food
Found in waterFound in water Has long tail called Has long tail called
flagellumflagellum Has “eyespot” to detect Has “eyespot” to detect
light (Stigma)light (Stigma) Green color from Green color from
chloroplastschloroplasts
Protist or Protozoans: 4 Basic Protist or Protozoans: 4 Basic TraitsTraits
Most Animal likeMost Animal likeLack cell walls and most heterotrophicLack cell walls and most heterotrophicMove with cilia, pseudopodia (little feet) or Move with cilia, pseudopodia (little feet) or
flagellumflagellumFound mainly in waterFound mainly in waterCause Diseases such as Malaria and Cause Diseases such as Malaria and
DysenteryDysenteryMalaria videoMalaria video
AlgaeAlgae
Eukaryote organismsEukaryote organisms Not True PlantsNot True Plants Can be unicelled or Can be unicelled or
multicellularmulticellular Produce up to 60% of Produce up to 60% of
the world’s oxygen the world’s oxygen
Slime MoldsSlime Molds Slime moldSlime mold is a broad term is a broad term
describing describing fungusfungus-like -like organisms that use spores to organisms that use spores to reproducereproduce
Slime molds were formerly Slime molds were formerly classified as fungi, but are no classified as fungi, but are no longer considered part of this longer considered part of this kingdom.kingdom.
Their common name refers to Their common name refers to part of some of these part of some of these organisms' life cycles where organisms' life cycles where they can appear as gelatinous they can appear as gelatinous "slime"."slime".
Mold/Fungi CharacteristicsMold/Fungi Characteristics Eukaryotes – can see nucleus Eukaryotes – can see nucleus
and organellesand organelles
Have cell walls made of chitin Have cell walls made of chitin (insect skeleton material)(insect skeleton material)
Unable to make their own food Unable to make their own food so act as parasites: absorb so act as parasites: absorb food from other living/decaying food from other living/decaying thingsthings
use spores to reproduceuse spores to reproduce Like to grow in warm moist Like to grow in warm moist
areas: ARCH ENEMY of areas: ARCH ENEMY of BACTERIABACTERIA
Cell structureCell structure
Size is anywhere from tiny unicellular to Size is anywhere from tiny unicellular to large multicellularlarge multicellular
ReproductionReproduction
Lightweight spores Lightweight spores are surrounded by a are surrounded by a protective covering protective covering and can be carried and can be carried easily through the air easily through the air or water to new sitesor water to new sites
ExampleExample
MushroomsMushroomsAthletes footAthletes footMoldMold
Closing of MicrolifeClosing of Microlife
How do we protect How do we protect ourselves from these ourselves from these pathogens?pathogens?
VirusVirus BacteriaBacteria ProtistsProtists Mold/FungiMold/Fungi
What type of What type of medicines work medicines work against them?against them?
VaccinesVaccines AntibioticsAntibiotics Chlorine in waterChlorine in water Antifungal medicinesAntifungal medicines
What makes pathogens What makes pathogens dangerous?dangerous?
Fact One:Fact One:How easily it spreads from organism to How easily it spreads from organism to
organism (person to person)organism (person to person)Fact Two:Fact Two:How rapidly can the Pathogen reproduce How rapidly can the Pathogen reproduce
itselfitself
Preventing Spread of DiseasePreventing Spread of Disease
Active Immunity- your body is producing Active Immunity- your body is producing antibodies to fight it off. (Vaccine or prior antibodies to fight it off. (Vaccine or prior exposure)exposure)
Passive Immunity- you are injected with Passive Immunity- you are injected with antibodies from another organism to fight it antibodies from another organism to fight it off; allows time for your body to find and off; allows time for your body to find and make antibodies before you become illmake antibodies before you become ill
BiotechnologyBiotechnology
Biotechnology- use of living organisms to Biotechnology- use of living organisms to produce products for human use.produce products for human use.
Products can be such as genetically altered food Products can be such as genetically altered food such as milk, corn, and tomatoessuch as milk, corn, and tomatoes
Piggybacked viruses, using a harmless virus to Piggybacked viruses, using a harmless virus to produce capsid of a more harmful one. Idea is produce capsid of a more harmful one. Idea is that harmless virus will makes “protein coat” of that harmless virus will makes “protein coat” of harmful one so that your body could make harmful one so that your body could make antibodies for the “bad one”antibodies for the “bad one”