proteins
DESCRIPTION
PROTEINS. The final product of the DNA blueprint. Hemoglobin. Why are proteins important?. “When the body has something it needs to do, it is a protein that does it” http://www.rothamsted.ac.uk/notebook/courses/guide/prot.htm. Antibodies – fight disease. Why are proteins important?. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
PROTEINS
The final product of the DNA blueprint
Hemoglobin
Why are proteins important?
“When the body has something it needs to do, it is a protein that does it” http://www.rothamsted.ac.uk/notebook/courses/guide/prot.htm
Antibodies – fight disease
Why are proteins important?
“When the body has something it needs to do, it is a protein that does it” http://www.rothamsted.ac.uk/notebook/courses/guide/prot.htm
Receptors – part of cell membrane, recognize other proteins and inform the cell (“The Door Bell”)
Why are proteins important?
“When the body has something it needs to do, it is a protein that does it” http://www.rothamsted.ac.uk/notebook/courses/guide/prot.htm
Enzymes – assemble or digestEnzyme that digests insulin
Why are proteins important?
“When the body has something it needs to do, it is a protein that does it” http://www.rothamsted.ac.uk/notebook/courses/guide/prot.htm
Neurotransmitters and hormones – trigger the receptor (“finger on the doorbell”)
Neurotransmitters
Why are proteins important?
Channels and pores – holes in the cell membrane
What determines the role or function of a protein?
Shape – click for examples
What determines the shape of a protein?
Amino acids are building blocks of proteins
AminoGroup
AcidGroup
What determines the shape of a protein?
20 different amino acids each with their own size, shape, and charge
Amino acids are connected by peptide bonds
What determines the shape of a protein?
Primary Structure – Sequence of amino acids.
Four levels of structure
Secondary Structure – some chains form an alpha helix (coil) or a beta sheet (accordion).
Four levels of structure
Tertiary Structure – How all of the helices and sheets fold together.
Four levels of structure
Quaternary Structure – some proteins are made of more than one subunit.
Four levels of structure
What is denaturing?
Denaturing – Losing shape. Proteins that have lost their shape can’t function correctly.
What can cause a protein to denature? VIDEO
How does the body know how to make proteins?
A.DNA sequence.
B. If nucleotide order is changed:
- sequence of amino acids is changed.
- Shape of protein is different.
- Protein loses function.
Cystic Fibrosis Video – “Cracking the Code” Chapter 9 – it’s in the DVD drive ;)
Genetic Testing VideoCLICK HERE -
http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/national/series/dnaage/index.html - WATCH “When a DNA Test Shows a Lethal Fate”