protecting chile’s future protecting chile’s food
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Protecting Chile’s Future Protecting Chile’s Food. UPOV ’ 78 vs. UPOV ’ 91: Chile’s Critical Social Choice Rima E. Laibow, MD Presentation to the Chilean Agricultural Commission Natural Solutions Foundation An Independent International NGO. Farmers Protect Biodiversity. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
22 de abril de 2023
Protecting Chile’s FutureProtecting Chile’s Food
UPOV ’78 vs. UPOV ’91:Chile’s Critical Social Choice
Rima E. Laibow, MDPresentation to the
Chilean Agricultural Commission
Natural Solutions FoundationAn Independent International NGO
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Natural Solutions Foundation 2
Farmers Protect Biodiversity
Food, Biological Diversity and Intellectual Property:The Role of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) – 2011 Report of QUNO
(Quaker UN Office)
“Biological diversity is essential and … of central importance for food security.”
Natural Solutions Foundation 3
Future Impact Is Enormous
Law 19.342 Adopted UPOV ’78 (1994) Benefits BOTH Plant Breeders and Farmers
BUTConvenio UPOV ’91 Damages Farmers, Benefits ONLY Plant
Breeders
Farmer Security = Food Security
Natural Solutions Foundation 4
Community-based farming has high social value, helps prevent:
• Single variety (mono crop) failures• Genetic erosion, loss of genetic diversity• Destabilization of social fabric• Disruption of food supply continuity
Farmer Security = Food Security
Natural Solutions Foundation5
Community-based farming has high social value, helps prevent:
• Loss of community, cultural stability• Monopolistic food practices• Centralized food control• Artificial food shortages
UPOV ’78 vs. UPOV ’91
Natural Solutions Foundation 6
Natural Solutions Foundation 7
Chile Currently Accepts UPOV ’78• Chile can retain UPOV ’78
ONLY IF ’91 NOT adopted• If ’91 adopted, ’78 is
NEVER an option again
One Way Street: UPOV ’78 ’91
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• Breeder can seize entire crop if he believes rights have not been paid by farmer
• Breeder can force farmer to destroy crop, seed, implements at farmer’s own expense
UPOV ’91
One Way Street: UPOV ’78 ’91
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• Breeders may develop, market, sell commercial seed rights
• Farmers must have license to use, propagate seeds
One Way Street: UPOV ’78 ’91
UPOV ’91
One Way Street: UPOV ’78 ’91
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• Breeders may develop, market, sell commercial seed rights
• Farmer’s right to purchase, use, propagate (personal use) seeds is unrestricted
UPOV ’78
UPOV ’78 Protects Diversity
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UPOV ’78 Breeders rights are protected
• Develop seeds for commercial use
• Patent new varieties
UPOV ’78 Protects Diversity
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UPOV ’78 Farmers have permanent right to:
• Save seeds for private use
• Improve seed
UPOV ’91 Threatens Diversity
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UPOV ’91 Without specific legal exemption,
farmers may not:• Save seeds for private use • Improve seed
UPOV ’91 Threatens Diversity
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UPOV ’91 Encourages
• Legal assaults against farmers (per US experience)
• Food insecurity
UPOV ’78 vs. UPOV ’91
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Protects Protects
Violates Protects
UPOV ’78
UPOV ’91
Farmer’s Rights Breeder’s Rights
UPOV ’91 Threatens Food Security
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“UPOV… [’91 ] is out of step with societal concerns about long-term food security, protection of biological diversity, and farmers’ rights…”
Food, Biological Diversity and Intellectual Property:The Role of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) – 2011 Report of QUNO
(Quaker UN Office)
Chile’s Critical Social Choice
Natural Solutions Foundation 17
Protect Breeder’s RightsUPOV ’91
Protect Farmer’s Rights UPOV ’78
OR
Natural Solutions Foundation
Natural Solutions Foundation 18
Natural Solutions Foundation Recommendations
1. Continue UPOV ’78, reject UPOV ’91 as Norway has done
2. Protect Farmer’s Rights3. Protect and encourage small scale,
natural and organic farming
Natural Solutions Foundation
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4. Full examination by the following Agencies before Law No. 19.342 is considered for adoption:
a. Environmental Commissionb. Health Commissionc. Human Rights Commission
Recommendations
Natural Solutions Foundation
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“UPOV ’91 establishes corporate control and genetic uniformity, not natural diversity, promoting irreversible genetic erosion and contamination, concentration of economic power …
Natural Solutions Foundation
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… and continuing violations of human rights at the expense of Chile’s farmers, food and security. Rejecting UPOV ’91 and maintaining UPOV ’78 offers Chile the only logical option to protect her future.”
Rima E. Laibow, MD
Thank You For Your Attention
Natural Solutions Foundation 22
Rima E. Laibow, MDMedical Director
Natural Solutions [email protected]
Natural Solutions Corporation Chile SPA+56 22 229-3317