Protected

but unprotected, yet

Challenging on long term orang-utan

conservation in Indonesia How We can Support Orangutan’s Future

By: Jamartin Sihite - CEO of the BOS Foundation

2

What about

orangutan

feelings on

human

interest??

3 About Orangutan

4

Orangutan is in Decline!

The world’s remaining orangutan populations are only

found on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra.

Current population estimates suggest that there are only:

• Orangutan Borneo (Pongo pygmaeus): around 54,000

individuals.

• Orangutan Sumatra (Pongo abelii) around 5,500

individuals.

Bornean orangutans have declined by 75% since 1900.

75% OU living in non protected-conservation forest

Habitat loss poses an imminent threat to orangutan

future survival.

Bornean orangutans are now listed as endangered

species and Sumatran orangutans as critically

endangered species.

5

Orangutan Distribution on Borneo

1930 - 2004

Orangutan Indonesia Conservation Strategies and Action Plan, the Ministry of Forestry, 2009

6

Orangutan (Status)

It is estimated that Bornean orangutans have declined by 75% since 1900, and Sumatran orangutans by 85% from 1900 to 1994 and 41% from 1997 to 2002.

Current population estimates:

• Orangutan Borneo (Pongo pygmaeus) approximately 55,000 individuals

• Orangutan Sumatra (Pongo abelii) approximately 5,500 individuals

These alarming declines continue due to hunting and habitat loss.

Orangutan Borneo now is an Endangered species, meanwhile Orangutan Sumatra is a Critically Endangered species.

7

IUCN : Critical Endangered / Sumatra

Endangered / Borneo

Peraturan Perlindungan Binatang Liar No.

233 Th. 1931

UU No. 5 Th. 1990

SK MenHut 10 Juni 1991 No. 301/Kpts-II/1991

PP No. 7 Th. 1999

CITES Appendix 1

On Paper (?)

National Law No 5 : 1990

Paragraph 21

(2) Everyone is forbidden to:

a. Capture, injure, kill, store, own, keep, transport,

and trade protected species in living condition.

b. Store, own, keep, transport and trade protected

species in dead condition.

c. Remove protected species from one place in

Indonesia and transport to another place in

Indonesia or abroad.

THIS APPLIES EVERYWHERE

9

What do you think ?

DO ORANGUTAN PROTECTED ?

10

Land Conversion – human need their home

11

Forest Fires – business need low cost

12

Illegal Logging

13

Illegal Wildlife Trade – caused we love her baby

14

Orangutan

Should we save them?

15 …….do the apes simply move

into other areas, like this?

Most orangutans die

during this process;

deliberately killed or

by starvation

Foto copyright BOS

Foto copyright BOS

Foto copyright BOS

Foto copyright BOS

Foto copyright COP

17

Why should we save Orangutan?

• An effective seeds disperser

• High exploring ability, up to 20 km per day

• Opens forest canopy, and lets the sunshine in

FOREST REGENERATION

Human needs forest

Forest needs orangutan

HUMAN NEEDS ORANGUTAN

• Uses natural medicine, can cure themselves

• “UMBRELLA SPECIES”

According to a

research, the

presence of 1-10

orangutan per km2

in the forest, will

“invite” at least 5

species of

hornbills, 50

species of fruit

trees, and 15

species of other

plants.

18

What we did and

we plan to do to

save orangutan?

19

This action that we need?

OR

20

We need Real Action

Managing Orangutan in their

Habitat

And

Rehabilitate orangutan and send back to their home

21

The BOS Foundation

Established in 1991, the Borneo

Orangutan Survival (BOS) Foundation

is an Indonesian non-profit organization

with the vision to establish the realization

of Bornean orangutan conservation in its

habitat with community’s participation.

The largest orangutan reintroduction

program in the world.

More than 400 dedicated employees

across all programs, operating daily in the

fields, in East Kalimantan and Central

Kalimantan.

All activities strictly follow international

(IUCN) guidelines and national guidelines

(Strategy & Action Plan on the

Conservation of Indonesia’s Orangutans

2007 - 2017).

22

Our Programs

Reintroduction programs:

Samboja Lestari, East Kalimantan

Nyaru Menteng, Central

Kalimantan

Conservation program:

Mawas, Central Kalimantan

Habitat restoration program:

Indonesian Orangutan Habitat

Restoration, East Kalimantan

23

What we do:

Rescue

Rehabilitation

Ultimate goal of rehabilitation: to

be able to reintroduce all healthy

orangutans into their natural habitat.

Manages more than 700 orangutan

in both of our centers:

Samboja Lestari: 213 orangutans

Nyaru Menteng: 551 orangutans

Do you want to join?

Reintroduction Programs

Samboja Lestari & Nyaru Menteng

24

BOSF Working area

25

Rehabilitation Scheme

Samboja Lestari & Nyaru Menteng

Land use change As pet

BOSF - Samboja Lestari

and Nyaru Menteng

Release areas

FOREST

Health check

Tracking device Release and Monitor

Rescue

Healthy

ou

cronic

Non

chronic

OU with

health

problem

Forest

School

Sanctuary

26

How to teach orangutan Evaluation:

• Age, attitude

Forest School (3 – 7

years):

• To achieve next “grade” depends on age, attitude

development, and forest

skill

“University”:

• Orangutan island (pre-

release island)

Release (minimum at 7

years old):

• Monitoring for 2 years

How You can help?

27

Why do they need school?

Like human:

• Depends on training and learning

process and does not depend much on

instinct.

• Learn from orangutan’s mother for 6-8

years minimum.

Losing mother in really young age

means orangutans do not have

enough ability and knowledge to

survive and live independently in the

forest.

• Introduce the kinds of food in the forest

• Learn how to make nest

• Know their predators

• Self-healing if gets sick

Do you want to help them to be wild?

Weaning ages of multi-season lactators

(lactation period in years)

1-2

3

2 1-2

3-5 4-6 6-8

2-4 3

28

29

Rescue & Release

Oil Palm Plantation Wild OU

BOSF - Samboja Lestari and Nyaru Menteng

Release areas

FOREST

Health check

Tracking device

Release

Monitor

Rescue

30

Reintroduction Programs

Samboja Lestari & Nyaru Menteng

Between 1992 to 2002 we reintroduced

over 400 orangutans in East Kalimantan.

Our recent reintroductions of

rehabilitated individuals re-commenced

in February 2012.

In the last 2 years the BOS Foundation

has successfully reintroduced 162

individuals:

• 31 individuals in Kehje Sewen Forest, East

Kalimantan.

• 131 individuals in Bukit Batikap Protected

Forest, Central Kalimantan.

We monitor all released orangutans with

the goal of establishing a new viable

population of wild orangutans to bolster

conservation of the species.

31

Conservation of an existing and

one of the last populations of wild

orangutans in their natural habitat.

309.000 ha peatland forest as a

habitat for more than 3,000 wild

orangutans.

Actively collaborating with local

communities to preserve the area

and create solutions for

sustainable livelihood.

Provide a research station for

scientists.

Conservation Program

Mawas

32

Managing Orangutans in Their

Habitat

Mawas and RHOI

FOREST

Release

Monitor

FOREST

Release

Monitor Restoration of

orangutan

habitat

Protect and

manage

orangutan

habitat

33

Do our action

on the right

track?

34

Did our campaign and others support

give positve impact on Orangutan??

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Rescue

Konviskasi

35

Did we solve the problems?

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Konviskasi

Rehab C

36 Challenges

Or

Frustation?

37

Deadline: 2015!

The “Strategy & Action Plan on the Conservation of

Indonesia’s Orangutans 2007-2017” states that:

“By the year 2015, no orangutans will be housed at

Rehabilitation Centers”

But still, we face challenges… It is very hard to find remaining forest that meets

strict standards, both from Indonesian Government and International (IUCN), regarding its suitability

as orangutans habitat and release location.

38

Infected with

diseases that do

not exist in their

natural habitat:

• TBC

• Hepatitis

• Herpes

• HIV / AIDS

Handicapped:

• Blind

• Paralyze /

loss of major

part of

hand/foot

Unrelease-able Orangutans

39

REHABILITATION

NM SL

1. Releaseable 482 163

2. Unreleaseable 24 47

3. Released (since last Partner’s Workshop)

49 19

4. Cross Province 3 10

Total 506 210

Grand Total: 716 orangutans

29% - 210 OU

71% - 506 OU

Samboja Lestari

Nyaru Menteng

40

REHABILITATION - Grand Total since

2012

58 134

12

622

506

30 41 5

230 210

Nyaru Menteng Samboja Lestari

41

Our Offices in the Forests

42

What PRM Does - Nest to Nest &

Patrol

Immediate checks – have

they recovered from anesthetic

& travel; are they moving

through the canopy &making

nests; are they finding food by

themselves?

Regular observations – are

they adapting to new habitat,

finding sufficient food and

behaving ‘normally’ over time?

Provides info to assess whether

to intervene in case of ill-health

/ deterioration

Long-term – focus on a few

individuals for a long-term

record of adaptation & continue

to monitor ‘at-risk’ individuals

closely

Related data – phenology +

fruit trails; weather; nest

surveys

43 Orangutan Distribution Map in

Kehje Sewen Forest (2012-2014; n= 31 ind.)

44

What PRM Gets - Orangutan

Distribution

BATIKAP

45

Orangutan Rehabilitation is Very

Costly!

Survey suitable forest area

for orangutan habitat

Forest area acquisition/fee

Orangutan rehabilitation

Orangutan who cannot be

released

Orangutan release

Orangutan Monitoring

46

Could Business and Conservation

walk hand in hand?

Could

conservation ignored

business?

Are you frustated to save

orangutan ?

47 How Businees can Help

Orangutan?

Corporate Biodiversity

Responsibility

48

How we can help orangutan

future’s

On the forest

Rehab and bring them back to

forest

Help on “policy change”

49

Beyond concession areas :

RESPONSIBILITY

Private sector companies can make a significant

contribution towards saving orangutans such as

• The private sector role in preserving

biodiversity and habitat through corporate

social responsibility programs,

• Raising awareness at least from their

customer and client base

• Partnerships between the private sector and

non-profit organizations.

50

Financial Support &

private sector responsibility

Financial

support from

business is very

small.

Inkind or

funding support

Not part of

business cost

51

New Paradigm: CSR vs. CBR

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) aim to

social/humanity impact

52

Corporate BIODIVERSITY

Responsibility (CBR)

Should aim to environment/biodiversity impact

53

Re-Constructing

enclosures we

called it “Orangutan

Paradise”

Orangutan release

activities

Monitoring activities

Etc.

Support for orangutan

conservation:

54

Man Made Island as “Orangutan

Paradise”

55

Orangutan conservation is a global issue. We need support from across the world to

ensure the future of orangutans, as well as our future!

HOPE FOR THE FUTURE

Their survival

depends on...

ww

w.o

ran

gu

tan

.or.

id T

witte

r: @

bo

rne

an

_ou f

ace

bo

ok.c

om

/BO

SF

oun

da

ton

Thank you!