proposed joint research activity: technologies for advanced instrumentation colin cunningham
TRANSCRIPT
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Proposed Joint Research Activity:
Technologies for Advanced Instrumentation
Colin Cunningham
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Need for R&D aimed at Instruments for VLT and the
European ELT• As we move into the ELT era, there are
significant challenges for ELT instruments and the next generation of instruments which will use the 8-10m telescopes to support the E-ELT
• Instruments defined by the European and North American ELT studies tend to be large and ambitious
• We must ensure that technologies are proven before they are adopted for these high-cost instruments
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AO & Instrument R&D Flow
ELT First GenAdaptive Optics
ELT First GenInstruments
ELT Second GenAdaptive Optics
ELT Second GenInstruments
Adaptive OpticsTest Beds
InstrumentTest Beds
Adaptive OpticsConcept
Developent
InstrumentConcept
Developent
Adaptive OpticsEnabling
Technology
Adaptive OpticsEnabling
Technology
On skydemonstratorsVLT, WHT etc
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Basis
• We propose to base the R&D and Networking activity on the successful FP6 JRAs:– JRA3 Fast Detectors– JRA5 Smart Focal Planes– JRA6 VPH Gratings– And add technologies identified and prioritised by Opticon
KTN• Aim:
– Develop and prove technologies required by next generation 8-10m telescope instruments and the European ELT
• We suggest that this programme is set up in an inclusive manner, and includes those proposals directly relevant to instrumentation
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Structure
• Network– Including Industry
• Joint Development programme– With overall budget and capability to move money
between activities depending on progress and influences from telescope and instrument programmes and technology roadmap
• Instrument test beds and facilities– Labs– WHT– AAO– GTC– VLT
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Instrument Technologies Network
• Subset of Key Technologies Network
• Develop Roadmap
• Generate project teams
• Make proposals for joint developments
• Publicise and work with other partners– Industry– Other research sectors
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Instrument test beds and facilities
• Develop common access to facilities for– Laboratory: optical, detector performance,
materials at cryogenic temperatures, mechanical testing
– On sky testing: Adaptive Optics, ADC, telescope interaction
• Using facilities at William Herschel Telescope on La Palma, Anglo Australian Telescope, VLT and GTC
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Technology Development and Instrument Design Studies
• We propose to learn from the Smart Focal Plane JRA and the ELT Instrument Design Studies
• Must ensure technology requirements and developments are specifically linked to the ELT instrument design studies and Science requirements
• Structure with common PI and overlapping management teams would facilitate this
• Systems engineering key component to ensure solid link of technology to requirements and clear goals for Technology Readiness Levels
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Technology Themes
• Smart Focal Planes• Adaptive Optics as part of the instrument (icw AO WPs)
– MOAO– Cryogenic AO– Extreme Adaptive Optics for Exo Planets
This topic is part of the AO proposal – we must ensure that a sensible joint approach is taken to ensure that the relevant AO and instrument expertise is engaged
• Photonics • Detectors• Optical Elements & Spectrometer modules• Instrument Structures
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Work Breakdown
InstrumentTechnologies
Smart FocalPlanes
Photonics Detectors
OpticalComponents
andSpectrometers
InstrumentStructures
Starbugs
Image Slicers
Slit Mechanisms
OH SuppressionFibres & Filters
PhotonicInstruments
IR optimised Fibres
IR Arrays
Fast Detectors
SuperconductingArrays
VPH Gratings
CGH gratings
Large format filters
Cryo materials
Active Structures
Instrument AO
MOAO
Micro/Cryo DMs
InstrumentStudies
SystemsEngineering
ProgrammeManagement
CommonFacilities
Networking
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Status of proposal
• Objectives being developed through KTN technology roadmapping consultation process and ELT Design Studies
• Large range of requirements and objectives proposed
• Now need to cost and prioritise based on scientific priorities for future 8-10m instruments and the E-ELT instrument suite
• Presentation here is outline of programme – detail will be developed over the summer as the E-ELT instrument programme is defined by the ESO project office, the Design Study teams and the community working groups
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Theme1: Smart Focal Planes
• Scope – take successful development work and prototypes from FP6 programme and build integrated demonstrator instrument
• Objectives– Based on Instrument concept studies for E-ELT
or VLT etc – as successfully done in FP6 Smart Focal Planes
• Partners from UK ATC, LAM, Durham, CSEM, ASTRON, AAO, IAC, ESO etc
• Contractors: Reflex, • Cost ~ €3M, similar to FP6
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AAO 13
Current Status: Smart Focal Planes
• Make best use of available wide FoV by multiobject and integral field spectroscopy
• Provide alternative to fibre systems for cryogenic instruments
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Multi-object Spectroscopy
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MOMFIS - LAM 15
Multi-object Spectroscopy
• Options:– Pickoffs feeding Integral Field Units and spectrometers– Slit exchangers or reconfigurable slits– Fibre positioners
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UK ATC 16
KMOS for VLT
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UK ATC, CSEM, Astron AAO
17
Starbugs & Starpicker
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Stop
Bug
Deformable, tip-tilt, and focusToroid Mirror
Imageof
Stop
Deformable, Tip-Tilt flatmirror
Image Slicer
Spectrometer
Cryogenic Active Mirror
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Smart Instrument Suite
High SpatialResolution IRSpectrometer
Submm Camera
Medium SpatialRes Spectrometer
IFU
Medium SpatialRes Spectrometer
Medium SpatialRes Spectrometer
(MOAO)
Low Spatial ResSpectrometerMOS Slit array
Low Spatial ResMOS/IFU
Spectrometer
WFSWFS
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NASA Goddard - JWST NIRSPEC
20
Programmable Slit Spectrometers: Shutter arrays
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Programmable slits in Europe
Principle of the micro-mirror arraybbb osition b) 1st tilting c) Stopper & 2nd tilting d) Electrostatic latching
mirror
electrode fix-points
See Zamkotsian et al., 6273-63
Long slit mode
Tilt accuracy: < 1 arcmin
Surface quality
< 15nm PtV
100 x 200µm
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JWST MIRI Image slicer
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Replication of Slicers
• Replication opens up the possibility of slicers that are low cost, consistent quality, reliably and quickly produced, with rms error down to 10nm
• A programme of work is currently underway within the Smart Focal Planes programme to achieve this
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Smart Focal Planes – next steps
• Pick-off systems and beam manipulation– System integration – Verification of performance– Reliability engineering– Concept development– Technology Trade-off: Starbugs / Starpicker– Wireless starbugs– Integrated photonic modules
• Integral Field Units – image slicers– Monolithic structures
• Improved surface finish• Alternative materials• Replication- improved shape fidelity and finish
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Smart Focal Planes – next steps
• Slit Mechanisms– Develop 5x5 mirror prototype with drive
electronics– Build simple demonstrator instrument– Develop and evaluate science case for
slit-based IR spectrometer for ELT• Interest from chair of ELT Science working
group
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Smart Focal Plane & MOAO Demonstrator
• We should develop a joint proposal with the AO team for an instrument based on Smart Focal Planes and Multi-Object Adaptive Optics
• So far none of these technologies are proven by on-sky demonstrators
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Theme2: Photonics
• Scope:– Fibres
• Photonics Fibres for thermal IR• Fibre Bragg Gratings for OH Suppression
– Filters for OH Suppression– Photonic Instrument module concepts and tests– Laser combs for calibration of high stability, high
spectral resolution spectrometers
• Partners: AAO, LAM, UK ATC, Durham, ESO
• Cost ~ €2M
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Bland-Hawthorn, AAO 28
Photonic OH Suppression
Aims:
• To suppress the OH/O2 night sky emission at 98% or better over z, J, H bands
• To achieve this at high throughput (fibre insertion losses less than 10%)
Bland-Hawthorn (AAO)
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Needs conversion from
MM to SM
with taper transition
Bland-Hawthorn (2005)
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FBG takes out 96% of OH background
J H
Bland-Hawthorn et al (2004)
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Theme 3: Detectors
• Scope:– Low cost HgCdTe on silicon– Fast APDs and CCDs
• Partners: RAL/Oxford, QinetiQ, E2V, UK ATC, ESO, LOAG, MPE
• Costs: need detailed evaluation on what could be done at reasonable cost
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Theme 4: Optical Elements & Spectrometer modules
• Scope: VPH gratings, immersion gratings, CGH devices, Large filter mosaics, ADCs , modular spectrometer designs
• Partners: INAF, Industry, UK ATC, CRAL, Oxford etc
• Cost ?
• See presentation by Filippo Zerbi
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Theme 5: Instrument Structures
• Scope: Novel structural and optical materials, Active structures, internal metrology
• Partners: IAC, LAM, UK ATC, industry
• Cost; TBD
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Stage-gate process
BC
D
A
Proposals
Feasibility
B D
Practicality Application Ready
C
ELT R&D Portfolio Management Process
A Technology Stage Gates phased with TelescopeDevelopment
Technology Readyfor construction
phase
Opticon FP6&7
FP6 design Study
Phase AConceptual Design
Phase BDetailed Design
Phase CConstruction
Telescope Development
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Access: Instrument test beds and facilities
• Labs– Material properties at Cryogenic temperatures
• Mechanical, thermal, optical• Some funding in place in Scottish Universities Physics Alliance
– Detectors– Mechanism cryogenic test
• WHT– AO and Instrument test bed
• AAO– Instrument test bed – via Director’s discretionary time
• GTC?, VLT?• Partners: UK ATC, Glasgow, ASTRON, IAC, Amsterdam• Cost: TBD
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Management Structure
• PI – Colin Cunningham (also WPM for ELT DS Instrument studies and chair of ESO Instrumentation Working Group)
• Deputy – Sandro D’Odorico ?
• Project Manager - TBD
• Systems Engineer - TBD
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Instrument Technologies: ROM Summary
Tools Activities Eligible cost
Cost funded by EC
Conceptual Design & Demonstrators
ELT Smart Multiobject MOA Instrument, Smart MOS instrument
€9m
€4m
Enabling Technologies Starbugs, Sit mechanisms, Image Slicers, detectors, VPH , Photonics
€16m
€10m
Networking Workshops €0.5m
€0.5m
Access Cryogenic Test Facility €3m
€2m
Totals €28.5m
€16.5