PROPERTIES OF ACIDS AND BASESCh 8.3

True False Statement True False

Acids produce hydronium, and bases produce hydroxide

Acids turn red litmus paper blue, while bases turn blue litmus paper

redBases and acids can react with

metal

Acids have a bitter taste, while bases have a sour taste

Flowers can be an indicator for acids or bases

ACIDS A compound that produces hydronium (H30+)

ions when dissolved in water

ACIDIC PROPERTIES Sour Taste

Lemons, grapefruit, oranges

Citric acid, acetic acid

NEVER use taste to determine if a substance is an acid

Reacts with Metal Single displacement Spaghetti and Al foil

Turns dark, creates holes, food may taste metallic

ACIDS PROPERTIES Color Change in

Indicators Litmus paper

Reacts to acids or bases

Blue litmus turns Red

BASES A compound that produces hydroxide (OH-)

ions when dissolved in water

Opposite of acids, except can react with metals

PROPERTIES OF BASES Bitter Taste

Natural chocolate Soap, medicine

Slippery Feel Soap Household cleaners

PROPERTIES OF BASES Color Change in

Indicator Red litmus paper

turns Blue Flowers=natural

indicator Acidic soil= blue Basic soil=pink

ACIDIC OR BASIC?

NEUTRALIZATION Reaction between

an acid and base - ions in acids

combine with the + ions in bases to produce salt

H30+ from acid reacts with OH- from base to produce H2O

Examples: Table salt Baking soda

PROTON DONORS AND ACCEPTORS Acids lose/donate

protons Acids=proton donors

Bases accept protons

Bases=proton acceptors

•Substances can now be acidic or basic•Water- was neither, now can be both

1st acts as base, 2nd acts as acid

book pg 245

STRENGTH OF ACIDS AND BASESCh. 8.4

True False Statement True False

pH stands for properties of hydrogen

The pH scale is numbered 1-14, in which 1-6 is basic, 7 neutral, and 8-

14 acidicStrong acids and bases

ionize/dissociate almost completely in water

Weak acids and bases only ionize/dissociate slightly in water

Electrolytes ionize/dissociate completely and can be energy

drinks or a battery

PH SCALE Scale 0-14 Describes concentration/% of hydronium ions

in a solution 0-6 = acidic – higher H3O concentration 7 = neutral 8-14 = basic – higher OH- concentration

STRONG

When dissolved in water, they ionize almost completely

HCl, H2SO4 Lower pH

When dissolved in water, they dissociate almost completely

Sodium hydroxide, Potassium hydroxide

Higher pH

Acids Bases

WEAK

Ionize only slightly in water

Higher pH

Dissociate only slightly in water

Lower pH

Acids Bases

BUFFERS Solution resistant to large changes in pH Made from weak acids and bases

Mixing with the acid or bases salt pH remains relatively constant

ELECTROLYTES Substance that ionizes or dissociates into

ions when dissolved in water Resulting solution can conduct electric current Help restore balance of ions in your body

Strong or weak Similar to strong or weak acids/bases

Can be batteries, or fuel cells