properties and changes
DESCRIPTION
Properties and Changes. Rocks and Minerals. Physical Property. Can be observed or measured to describe matter. Physical Properties of Matter. S trength H ardness F lexibility Ability to conduct heat A bility to conduct electricity A bility to be attracted by magnets - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Properties and ChangesRocks and Minerals
Can be observed or measured to describe
matter.
Physical Property
Strength Hardness Flexibility Ability to conduct heat Ability to conduct electricity Ability to be attracted by magnets Reactions to water and fire
Physical Properties of Matter
Ability to resist being moved or broken by
force.
Strength
A measure of how resistant solid matter is to
permanent shapes when a force is applied.
Hardness
Capable of bending without breaking.
Flexibility
A channel in which something travels/moves
through.
Conduct
Forming or breaking chemical bonds between
atoms causing changes to the original structure.
Reaction
Combining elements to make a whole.
Composition
Minerals are naturally occurring. They are
usually solid and feature a crystal structure as well as chemical composition.
Mineral
Capable of being seen.
Observable
How a mineral appears to reflect light, and
how shiny or dull the mineral is.
Luster
Color
Color results from a mineral’s chemical composition and impurities.
Fracture and parting of atoms in a mineral,
and the pattern which it breaks when put under stress.
Cleavage
Color of the powder produced when it is
dragged across a streak plate.
Streak
List of minerals numbered 1 to 10 on a scale of softness (1) or
hardness (10).
1. Talc2. Gypsum3. Calcite4. Fluorite5. Apatite6. Orthoclase Feldspar7. Quartz8. Topaz9. Corundum10. Diamond
Moh’s Hardness Scale
Minerals make up Earth's rocks, sands, and soils.
Rocks are minerals, but minerals are not rocks.
Molten rock is rock heated to a temperature
that turns it into a thick liquid.
Molten
breaking down of rocks, soil and minerals
Weathering and Erosion
Rocks and minerals that are moved to a
different location through weathering and erosion.
Deposit
Pressure on the rock with the weight of
overlying layers. This squashes grains together more tightly.
Compacted
Change in composition or structure
Transformed
Igneous rocks are formed from molten rock
called magma. They are mostly made up of interlocking crystals and are usually very hard to break.
Igneous Rock
Basalt Pumice Granite
Sedimentary rocks are formed from sediment
grains deposited by water, wind or ice. They are always formed in layers, and often contain fossils.
Sedimentary Rock
Sandstone Conglomerate
Limestone and Chalk
Metamorphic rocks were once igneous or
sedimentary rocks, but have been changed as a result of intense heat and/or pressure within the Earth’s crust.
Metamorphic Rock
GneissShale Marble Schist
http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/ks3/gsl/education/resources/rockcycle/page3446.html