Pronunciation CoursePronunciation Course

Class 11Class 11

Compound NounsCompound Nouns

What is the difference between a set What is the difference between a set and a descriptive phrase? and a descriptive phrase?

Set Phrase Descriptive Phrase

An English teacher... An English teacher......teaches English. ... is from England.

An English book... An English book... ...teaches the English is on any language subject,

but it came from England.

An English test... An English test... ...tests a student on the is on any subject,English language . but it deals with or came

from England.

English food... An English restaurant... . . .is kippers for breakfast. ...serves kippers for breakfast.

Review - StressReview - Stress

1. He's a nice guy.2. He's an American guy from San Francisco.3. The cheerleader needs a rubber band to hold her

ponytail.4. The executive assistant needs a paper clip for the

final report.5. The policeman saw a red car on the freeway in Los

Angeles.7. My old dog has long ears. 8. The new teacher broke his coffee cup on the first day.9. His best friend has a broken cup in his other office.10. Let's play football on the weekend in New York.12. Where are my new shoes?13. Where are my tennis shoes?14. I have a headache from the heat wave in South Carolina.15. The newlyweds took a long walk in Long Beach.

Russian RouletteRussian Roulette

Only way to settle this argument is to play Russian Only way to settle this argument is to play Russian rouletteroulette

Do you know how to play Russian roulette?Do you know how to play Russian roulette?No, I don't...No, I don't...You play Russian roulette this way:You play Russian roulette this way:I have this pistolI have this pistolOne bullet in chamberOne bullet in chamberSpin cylinderSpin cylinderCock the gunCock the gunHold the gun to your headHold the gun to your headAnd pull the triggerAnd pull the triggerI go first…I go first…Good luck….Good luck….Now you go…Now you go…Here is the pistol.Here is the pistol.Aha you lose!!!!Aha you lose!!!!

Japanese GirlJapanese Girl

Hello everyone all over the world!Hello everyone all over the world!You are watching DOGA-DOGA-SEVEN!You are watching DOGA-DOGA-SEVEN!DOGA-DOGA-SEVEN is an internet video siteDOGA-DOGA-SEVEN is an internet video sitefor all Japanese culture lovers.for all Japanese culture lovers.We have Japanese animation channel,We have Japanese animation channel,Otaku channel, and TV star (Japanese idols)Otaku channel, and TV star (Japanese idols)channel.channel.They are going to be updated weekly and lots ofThey are going to be updated weekly and lots ofnew videos are up coming.new videos are up coming.Please check us out and have fun!Please check us out and have fun!We are always waiting for you!We are always waiting for you!

Pink Panther – French AccentPink Panther – French Accent

Rhythm and Intonation Rhythm and Intonation

Rhythm= the pattern of stressed and Rhythm= the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables. unstressed syllables.

Content words= nouns, verbs, Content words= nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, question words.adjectives, adverbs, question words.

Function words = articles, helping Function words = articles, helping verbs, short prepositions, personal verbs, short prepositions, personal pronouns, conjunctions. pronouns, conjunctions.

The rhythm ruleThe rhythm rule

The speaker alternates between stressed and The speaker alternates between stressed and unstressed syllables in regular intervals with the unstressed syllables in regular intervals with the stress following in content words. stress following in content words.

e.g.e.g. I I ateate an an apapple. ple.

I I ateate an an apapple on ple on MonMonday. day.

I I ateate an an apapple and ple and drankdrank some some sosoda.da.

How to stress syllablesHow to stress syllablesThere are three ways of emphasizing the There are three ways of emphasizing the stressed syllable: stressed syllable:

By changing the pitch of the stressed syllable.By changing the pitch of the stressed syllable.

By pronouncing the stressed syllable louder.By pronouncing the stressed syllable louder.

By pronouncing the stressed syllable longer. By pronouncing the stressed syllable longer.

Observe the two sentencesObserve the two sentences

I I sawsaw a a catcat on the on the floorfloor. .

I I sawsaw a big a big catcat on the on the floorfloor. .

I I sawsaw a big a big catcat on the on the floorfloor. (In order to keep . (In order to keep regular intervals, in this sentence, regular intervals, in this sentence, catcat is stressed is stressed and and bigbig is said very quickly)is said very quickly)

I I sawsaw a a bigbig cat on the cat on the floorfloor. (In order to keep . (In order to keep regular intervals, in this sentence, regular intervals, in this sentence, bigbig is stressed is stressed and and catcat is said very quickly)is said very quickly)

I I sawsaw a a big catbig cat on the on the floorfloor. (In order to keep . (In order to keep regular intervals, in this sentence, regular intervals, in this sentence, bigbig and and catcat are stressed, but big is pronounced longer than are stressed, but big is pronounced longer than cat)cat)

Different stress patterns - rhythmDifferent stress patterns - rhythm

They They livelive In an In an oldold househouse

They They live live In a In a nicenice oldold househouse

They They livelive In a In a lovelovelyly oldold househouse

They’ve They’ve been been livingliving

In a In a dedelightlightfulful

oldold cotcottagetage

Weak or Reduced WordsWeak or Reduced Words

Sometimes, vowels or consonants of Sometimes, vowels or consonants of some function words are reduced in some function words are reduced in normal conversation. normal conversation.

PrepositionsPrepositions

Full FormFull Form Reduced Reduced FormForm

ExampleExample

ToTo /t/t// /// / He went to work.He went to work.

ofof //// //(()/)/ Out of oil. Out of oil.

ForFor //// //// He’s away for 2 He’s away for 2 weeks. weeks.

AtAt //// //// He’s at work, I He’s at work, I think.think.

FromFrom //// //// She comes from She comes from England. England.

ConjunctionsConjunctions

Full FormFull Form Reduced Reduced FormForm

ExampleExample

AndAnd //// /// / Thin and tallThin and tall

Rock and rollRock and roll

oror //// //// Cream or sugarCream or sugar

Soup or saladSoup or salad

ButBut //// //// She loves fish but She loves fish but hates meat.hates meat.

thanthan //// //// She’s older than She’s older than you.you.

PronounsPronouns

Full FormFull Form Reduced Reduced FormForm

ExampleExample

YouYou //// /// / How do you do?How do you do?

YourYour //// //// Where’s your Where’s your boss?boss?

HeHe //// /i//i/ Does he work Does he work here?here?

HimHim //// /// / I’ll talk to him I’ll talk to him later.later.

PronounsPronouns

Full FormFull Form Reduced Reduced FormForm

ExampleExample

HerHer //// //// Tell her I miss Tell her I miss her. her.

UsUs //// //// Let us know.Let us know.

ThemThem //// /// // ///

Warn them about Warn them about it.it.

Auxiliary VerbsAuxiliary VerbsFull Full FormForm

Reduced Reduced FormForm

ExampleExample

CouldCould //// //// What could you What could you do? do?

ShouldShould //// //// What should I do?What should I do?

Would Would //// //// What would you What would you do?do?

HaveHave //// ////////

I could have done I could have done this. this.

Must Must //// //// She must have She must have seen it. seen it.

Auxiliary VerbsAuxiliary Verbs

Full FormFull Form Reduced Reduced FormForm

ExampleExample

DoDo //// /d/d// How do you do?How do you do?

Used toUsed to //t t // //tt// I used to study I used to study hard.hard.

ArticlesArticles

Full FormFull Form Reduced Reduced FormForm

ExampleExample

AA //// //// He’s a doctor.He’s a doctor.

Jill is a chef.Jill is a chef.

AnAn /// / //// She’s an She’s an architect.architect.

TheThe //// /// / /// /

The car.The car.

The apartment.The apartment.

Extra PracticeExtra Practice I’ve already talked with him about the new I’ve already talked with him about the new

project.project. I should have contacted her earlier. I should have contacted her earlier. Would you mind if I ask them to close the Would you mind if I ask them to close the

door?door? The orange is for you. The orange is for you. Julia is prettier than Susan.Julia is prettier than Susan. Are you from around here? Are you from around here? I know fat is not healthy, but I love it. I know fat is not healthy, but I love it. Give us a hand, would you? Give us a hand, would you? They have had to pay a lot of money. They have had to pay a lot of money. What was he doing? What was he doing?

Exercise: What are they saying? Exercise: What are they saying?

What dya want? What dya want? What zi do? What zi do? Wherve ya bin? Wherve ya bin? Where di go? Where di go? Weev seen imWeev seen im AllseeyaAllseeya Hauzigoing?Hauzigoing?

Practicing syllable stress patternsPracticing syllable stress patterns

A A B B CC

1 Syllable1 SyllablePattern 1a Pattern 1a la! la! get get stopstop

cat cat quick quick whichwhichjump jump choice choice bitbitbox box loss loss hithit

Pattern 1b Pattern 1b lala-a -a lalaw w bibidddodog g gogoes es bebeadadsesee e choochoose se cacarrplaplan n lolosese knoknoww

2 Syllables 2 Syllables

Pattern 2aPattern 2a la-la-lala Bob Bob SmithSmith for for youyoua a dogdog my my carcar Who Who knowsknows??a a catcat some some moremore cascassettesettedesdestroytroy red red tapetape balballetleta a penpen enencloseclose vavaletletprepretendtend conconsume sume to to dodoyour your jobjob my my choice choice totodaydaypea pea soupsoup How's How's workwork?? to tonightnight

Pattern 2b Pattern 2b lala-la -la wristwristwatch watch phonephone bookbookhothot dog dog texttextbook book doordoorknobknobiicy cy bookbookshelf shelf notenotebookbooksuitsuitcase case sunsunshine shine househouse keykeyproproject ject placeplacemat mat baballotllotsunsunsetset stapstapler ler vavalidlidGet Get one! one! momodern dern dogdog showshowDoDo it! it! momodem dem wantwant adad

3 Syllables 3 Syllables A A B B CC

Pattern 3a Pattern 3a lala-la--la-lala WormsWorms eat eat dirtdirt. . JoeJoe has has threethree..Bob'sBob's hothot dogdog InchInchworms worms inchinch. . BobBob has has eighteight..BobBob won't won't knowknow. . PetsPets need need carecare. . AlAl jumped jumped upup..Sam'sSam's the the bossboss. . Ed'sEd's too too latelate. . GlenGlen sat sat downdown..SuSusie's sie's nicenice. . PaulPaul threw threw upup. . TomTom made made lunchlunch..BillBill went went homehome. . WoolWool can can itchitch. . KidsKids should should playplay..CatsCats don't don't carecare. . BirdsBirds sing sing songssongs. . MomMom said, "said, "NoNo!"!"StocksStocks can can fallfall. . SpotSpot has has fleasfleas. . MarsMars is is redred..SchoolSchool is is funfun. . Nick'sNick's a a punkpunk. . NedNed sells sells carscars..

Pattern 3b Pattern 3b la-la-la-la-lala Make a Make a cakecake. . IB IBMMa hot a hot dogdog He forHe forgotgot. . a good a good timetimeI don't I don't knowknow. . Take a Take a bathbath. . Use your Use your headhead!!He's the He's the bossboss. . We're too We're too latelate. . How are How are youyou??We cleaned We cleaned upup. . I love I love youyou. . We came We came homehome..in the in the bagbag over over hhereere on the on the busbusfor a for a whilewhile What a What a jerkjerk! ! Engi Engineerneer

I went I went homehome. . How's your How's your jobjob? ? She fell She fell downdown..We don't We don't carecare. . How'd it How'd it gogo? ? They called They called backback..

It's in It's in MarchMarch. . Who'd you Who'd you meetmeet? You goofed ? You goofed upup..

Pattern 3c Pattern 3c la-la-lala-la-la perpercencentage (%) tage (%) OOhihiooa a hothot dog dog adadvavantage ntage his his footfootballballI I don'tdon't know! know! It's It's startstarting. ing. They're They're leavleaving.ing.Jim Jim killedkilled it. it. Let's Let's trytry it. How it. How areare you?you?totomomorrow rrow fifinannancial cial em emphaphatictica a fruitfruitcakecake I I thoughtthought so. so. Dale Dale plannedplanned it.it.the the enengine gine on on WednesWednesday You day You tooktook it.it.a a winewineglass glass in in ApApril ril ex exterternalnalpopotatato to I I lovelove you. you. a a barbargaingainwhatwhatevever er Let's Let's telltell him. him. Don't Don't touchtouch it.it.

Pattern 3d Pattern 3d lala-la-la -la-la alalphabet phabet phonephone numbernumberhothot dog stand dog stand popossiblessible thinkthink aboutaboutII don't know. don't know. ShowShow me one. me one. comfcomfortableortableananalyze alyze aarea rea waitwaiting foring forararticle ticle punpunctuate ctuate pitpitifulifuldindinnertime nertime ememphasis phasis eveverythingerythingdidigital gital sylsyllable lable ororchestrachestraananalog alog PostPostIt note It note igignorantnorantcellcell structure structure RoRolodex lodex RuRubbermaidbbermaid

4 Syllables4 Syllables

A A B B CC

Pattern 4a Pattern 4a lala-la-la--la-la-lala NateNate needs a needs a breakbreak. . MaxMax wants to wants to knowknow..Spot'sSpot's a hot a hot dogdog. . EdEd took my took my carcar. . Al'sAl's kitchen kitchen floorfloorJimJim killed a killed a snakesnake. . JillJill ate a ate a steaksteak. . Bill'sBill's halfway halfway therethere..JoeJoe doesn't doesn't knowknow. . Spain'sSpain's really really farfar. . RosesRoses are are redred,,NateNate bought a bought a bookbook. . Jake'sJake's in the in the lakelake. . VioletsViolets are are blue.blue.

Pattern 4b Pattern 4b la-la-la-la-la-la-lala She asked for She asked for helphelp. . I want to I want to knowknow..It's a hot It's a hot dogdog. . We took my We took my carcar. . The kitchen The kitchen floorfloor

He killed a He killed a snakesnake. . We need a We need a breakbreak. . We watched We watched TVTV..He doesn't He doesn't knowknow. . It's really It's really farfar. . She's halfway She's halfway therethere..We came back We came back inin. . I love you, I love you, tootoo. . We played all We played all dayday..He bought a He bought a bookbook. . They got aThey got awayway. . Please show me Please show me

howhow..

Pattern 4c Pattern 4c lala-la--la-lala-la -la BoysBoys ring ring doordoorbells. bells. PhilPhil knows knows mailmailmen.men.

BobBob likes likes hothot dogs. dogs. BillBill ate ate breakbreakfast. fast. JoeJoe grew grew eggeggplants.plants.

AnnAnn eats eats panpancakes. cakes. GunsGuns are are lelethal. thal. HumpHumpty ty DumpDumptyty

CatsCats eat eat fishfish bones. bones. InchInchworms worms bugbug me. me. HawksHawks are are viciousvicious..

BearsBears are are fuzfuzzy. zy. RagRagtops tops costcost more. more. HomeHomework work boresbores them.them.

PlanPlanets ets rorotate. tate. SalesSalesmen men sellsell things. things. MikeMike can can hearhear you.you.

Pattern 4d Pattern 4d la-la-la-la-lala-la -la an an aalarmlarm clock clock He said He said

""lightlightbulb."bulb."

It's my It's my hothot dog. dog. I don't I don't needneed one. What does one. What does 'box'box' ' mean?mean?

imiimitatation tion Ring the Ring the doordoorbell. bell. Put your Put your handshands up.up.

anaanalylytic tic What's the What's the mamatter? Where's the tter? Where's the mailmailman?man?

We like We like sciscience. ence. introintroducduction tion an asan assemsemblybly

my to-my to-dodo list list my remy reportport card card defidefinitnitionion

Pattern 4e Pattern 4e

la-la-lala-la-la -la-la popotatato chip to chip What What timetime is it?is it?a a hothot dog stand dog stand Whose Whose turnturn is it? is it? my my phonephone numbernumberJim Jim killedkilled a man. a man. We We workedworked on it. on it. Let's Let's eateat something.something.aanalnalysis ysis How How talltall are you? are you? How How oldold are you?are you?InInvivisiblesible ininsasanity nity ununtouchtouchableablea a plaplatypus typus aabibility lity a a mamaniacniac

Pattern 4fPattern 4f

lala-la-la-la -la-la-la susupervisor pervisor lightlighthouse keeperhouse keeperperpermanently manently winwindow cleaner dow cleaner coughcough medicinemedicinededemonstrated monstrated racerace car driver car driver busbusiness meetinginess meetingcacategory tegory JanJanuary uary FebFebruary ruary ofoffice supplies fice supplies proprogress report gress report bababy-sitterby-sitter

Practice Different Patterns using Practice Different Patterns using Nonsense SyllablesNonsense Syllables

Read first across, then down:Read first across, then down:

A A B B C C DD1. 1. duhduh duh duh duhduh 1. 1. lala la la lala 1. 1. meemee mee mee meemee 1. 1. hoho ho ho hoho

2. duh duh 2. duh duh duhduh 2. la la 2. la la lala 2. mee mee 2. mee mee meemee 2. ho ho 2. ho ho hoho

3. duh 3. duh duhduh duh duh 3. la 3. la lala la la 3. mee 3. mee meemee mee mee 3. ho 3. ho hoho ho ho

4. 4. duhduh duh duh duh duh 4. 4. lala la la la la 4. 4. meemee mee mee mee mee 4. 4. hoho ho ho ho ho

Practice Different Patterns using Practice Different Patterns using Nonsense SyllablesNonsense Syllables

1. 1. duhduh duh duh duhduh 1. duh duh 1. duh duh duhduh 1. duh 1. duh duhduh duh duh 1. 1. duhduh duh duh duh duh

2. 2. AABBC C 2. impre 2. imprecisecise 2. con 2. condidition tion 2. 2. alalphabetphabet

3. 3. 112233 3. a hot 3. a hot dogdog 3. a 3. a hothot dog dog 3. 3. hothot dog dog standstand

4. 4. DogsDogs eat eat bonesbones. 4. They eat . 4. They eat bonesbones. . 4. They 4. They eateat them. 4. them. 4. GiveGive me one. me one.

1. 1. DogsDogs eat eat bonesbones..

2. 2. MikeMike likes likes bikesbikes. .

3. 3. ElsaElsa wants a wants a bookbook. .

4. 4. AdamAdam plays plays poolpool. .

5. 5. BobbyBobby needs some needs some moneymoney..

BobBob sees sees BettyBetty. . He He seessees her. her.

BettyBetty knows knows BobBob. . She She knowsknows him. him.

AnnAnn and and EdEd call the call the kidskids. . They They callcall them. them.

JanJan sells some sells some applesapples. . She She sellssells some. some.

JeanJean sells sells carscars. . She She sellssells them. them.

BillBill and and II fix the fix the bikesbikes.. We We fixfix them them..