promotion of safety
DESCRIPTION
Promotion of Safety. Preventing Accidents & Injuries. Introduction. In order to prevent injury to yourself and others while working in the health field, it is important that you observe good safety habits at all times in order to prevent an accident or injury. Body Mechanics12:1. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Promotion of SafetyPreventing Accidents &
Injuries
![Page 2: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Introduction
• In order to prevent injury to yourself and others while working in the health field, it is important that you observe good safety habits at all times in order to prevent an accident or injury
![Page 3: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Body Mechanics12:1
• 1. Refers to the way in which the body moves and maintains balance while making the most efficient use of all its parts.
![Page 4: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4 Main Reasons for Using Body Mechanics #2
• Muscles work best when used correctly
• Correct use of muscles makes lifting, pulling, and pushing easier
• Correct application of body mechanics prevents unnecessary fatigue and strain, and saves energy
• Correct application of body mechanics prevents injury to self and others
![Page 5: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
8 Basic Rules of Good Body Mechanics
• Keep feet 8-10 inches apart, with one foot slightly forward, balancing weight on both feet
• Bend from hips and knees , and keep your back straight; do not bend at the waist
• Use weigh of your body push or pull rather than lift
• Carry heavy objects close to the body; stand close to person or object being moved
![Page 6: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
8 Basic Rules of Good Body Mechanics
• Avoid twisting your body as you work; turn with your feet and entire body when you change direction of movement
• Avoid bending for long periods of time
• If a patient or object is too heavy for you to lift alone, always get help.
• Many health facilities now require hcw to wear a back brace while lifting or moving patients
![Page 7: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Which Picture Represents Good Body Mechanics?
![Page 8: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
ANSWER
• NONE OF THE ABOVE
![Page 9: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Let’s Take Another Look!
![Page 10: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
• 12:2• Establish and
enforces safety standards for the workplace.
![Page 11: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Material Safety Data Sheets(MSDS)
• Should include : product ID info• Protection or precautions that must be
used• Instructions for safe use• Procedure for handling spills• Clean up and disposal• ER first aid procedures• Ingredient in Clorox SODIUM CHLORINE
![Page 12: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
2 Main Standards That Affect HCW
• Occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals standards requires that employers inform all employees of all chemicals and hazards in the workplace.
• Blood borne Pathogens standards has mandates to protect hcw from diseases caused by exposure to body fluids.
![Page 13: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Three diseases that can be contracted by exposure to body
fluids #5 Hepatitis B, caused by
HBV
Hepatitis C, caused by HCV
AIDS, caused by HIV #4 Bloodborne pathogen:
blood components, urine, stool, semen, vaginal secretions, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva
![Page 14: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Equipment & Solutions Safety #6&7• Do not operate any equipment unless you have
been instructed• Do not operate equipment when instructor is out
of the room• Report any damaged equipment immediately• Do not mix solutions from bottles unlabeled• Some solutions can be poisonous, so avoid
contact with skin or eyes• Do not use damaged or frayed electrical cords• If a solution gets in your eye flush immediately• If a particle gets in your eye notify instructor
![Page 15: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Patient/Resident Safety #8• Do not perform any
procedure on patients unless instructed to do so
• Provide privacy for patients at all times (knock on door, draw curtains, close door)
• #10 Always identify your patient (check wristband, repeat name twice, check name on patient’s bed against records)
• Explain procedure to pt & never do procedure if pt refuses
![Page 16: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Safety Checkpoint for Pt in bed #11
• Patient in comfortable position
• Side rails up if indicated (minimum of 2)
• Bed at lowest level to floor
• Bed wheels are locked
• Call signal in reach
• Leave area clean and neat
![Page 17: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Personal Safety
• Use correct body mechanics• Wear the required uniform• Walk-do not run in the
lab/clinical area• Report any personal injury or
accident, no matter how small• Keep all areas neat and clean• Wash your hands frequently• Keep your hands away from
your face, eyes, mouth, hair• Wear safety glasses when
instructed to do so
![Page 18: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Role Play The Following Situations
• Show ways to provide privacy for the patient
• Identify the patient
• Explain a procedure to a patient
• A solution splashes on your arm
• A particle gets in your eye
• A bottle of solution does not have a label
![Page 19: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Fire Safety 12:3
• In case of fire, the main rule is to remain calm. If your personal safety is endangered, evacuate the area according to the stated method and sound the alarm.
![Page 20: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Fire Safety
• #1 Fires need 3 things to start: oxygen, fuel, and heat
• #2 The major cause of fires is carelessness with smoking and matches
• #6Fire extinguishers are classified according to the kind of fire they extinguish; Class ABC is a multi-purpose extinguisher and can be used on all fires.
![Page 21: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Fire Safety• All personnel must be familiar with the fire
emergency plan established by the facility in which they work
• In a health care facility, the plan usually states that all patients and personnel in immediate danger should be moved from the area.
• The alarm should be activated as quickly as possible. All doors and windows should be closed, if possible, to prevent drafts, which cause fires to spread more rapidly.
• Electrical equipment and oxygen should be turned off. ELEVATORS should never be used!
![Page 22: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Fire Safety #7
• The acronym RACE is frequently used to remember the important steps.
• RACE stand for
• R=rescue the patient
• A=activate the alarm
• C=confine the fire
• E=extinguish the fire
![Page 23: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Using a Fire Extinguisher
• Locate the lock or pin at the• top handle• Hold the extinguisher firmly in an upright position• Stand approximately 6 -10 feet from the near edge of the
fire• Aim the nozzle at the fire• Discharge the extinguisher; use a side to side motion• Do not spray into the center or top of the fire because
this would cause the fire to spread in an outward direction
• Continue until the fire is extinguished
![Page 24: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
The Word PASS Can Help You Remember the Correct Steps!
• P=Pull the pin
• A=Aim the extinguisher at the near edge and bottom of the fire• S=Squeeze the handle to discharge the extinguisher• S=Sweep the extinguisher from side to side
![Page 25: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Preventing fires is everyone’s job!
• Obey all “No Smoking Signs”• Extinguish matches/cigarettes• Dispose of all waste materials accordingly• Store flammable materials appropriately• When oxygen is in use, observe special
precautions; POST NO SMOKING SIGNS• In an emergency, Stay calm, follow policy of facility, provide safety for self and pt. HCW is responsible for being familiar with disaster policies so action can be taken
![Page 26: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Infection Control
• A microorganism, or microbe, is a small living organism that is not visible to the naked eye. It must be viewed under a microscope!
• They are found everywhere in the environment, including on and in the human body
• Vocabulary Words:
Protozoa viruses, disinfections, pathogen, anaerobic asepsis, nosocomial, exogenous, fungi, bacteria sterilization, antisepsis, aerobic, Endogenous, chain of infection, microorganism,
![Page 27: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
• Anaerobic-organisms that live & reproduce without O2• Sterilization- to destroy all germs, spores & viruses• Fungi-plantlike organisms that live on dead organic • Asepsis- absence of pathogen• Pathogen-germ or disease producing organism• Nosocomial- infection acquired from healthcare facility• Microorganism- small living plant or animal organism not visible by
naked eye• Aerobic- organism that needs O2 to live• Exogenous-disease originates outside body• Bacteria- one celled plantlike organism, multiply rapidly• Disinfections-destroy or kill pathogens• Chain of infection-factor must be present for disease to occur• Endogenous- disease originates in the body• Viruses-smallest microorganism• Antisepsis- process that inhibits the growth of organism• Protozoa-one celled animal organism found on dead material and
contaminated water
![Page 28: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Pathogens
• Germs that cause infection and disease
• Viruses
• Rickettsiae
• Protozoa
• Fungi
![Page 29: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Non-Pathogens
• Many microorganisms are part of the normal flora of the body and are beneficial in maintaining certain body processes. These are called NON-PATHOGENS.
![Page 30: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Viruses
• These are the smallest microorganisms, visible only using an electron microscope
• They cannot reproduce unless they are inside another living cell
• They are spread from human to human by blood and other body secretions
• Viruses cause many diseases including chicken pox, the common cold, flu, etc.
![Page 31: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Chain of infection
• Mode of transmission
• Portal of entry
• susceptible host
• Reservoir
• Causative agent
![Page 32: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Washing Hands
• Hand washing is a basic task required in any health occupation.
• Hand washing is also the most effective way to prevent the spread of infection
• Thorough hand washing helps prevent and control the spread of pathogens from one person to another
• Aseptic technique-method to prevent spread of infection
![Page 33: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
When Should Your Hands Be Washed?
• When you arrive and before leaving work
• Before and after every patient contact
• Before applying and immediately after removing gloves
• Anytime they become contaminated
• After using restroom, coughing,
![Page 34: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Hand Washing
• Turn water on warm, it helps soap lather better and kill germs
• Soap is used as cleaning agent• Wash palms, top of hand, fingernails, and
between fingers. Good Friction 20sec• Point finger tips down, to prevent flow of
water up forearm when rinsing• Use paper towel to turn off faucet to
prevent recontamination of germs
![Page 35: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Observing Universal Precautions• Rules developed by the CDC
• Every body fluid must be considered potentially infectious material, and all patients must be considered potential sources of infection, regardless of their disease or diagnosis
• Simply stated, universal precautions means that you treat everyone as if he/she has a communicable disease
![Page 36: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Personal Protective Equipment
• Gloves, gowns, lab coats, masks, face shields
• Must be provided to all hcw free of charge according to OSHA
![Page 37: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Isolation Precautions
• In health care, you will deal with many different diseases/disorders.
• Some diseases are communicable and require isolation.
![Page 38: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Communicable Disease
• Caused by a pathogenic organism that be easily transmitted to others.
• Are spread in many ways: direct patient contact, contact with dirty linen, equipment, contact with blood, droplets, sneezing, coughing, urine, feces, etc.
![Page 39: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Airborne Precautions
• Precautions used for patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by airborne droplets.
• Patient must be placed in a private room• Door must be kept closed• Each person who enters must wear a
mask• Special precautions must be taken during
coughing, sneezing, laughing, etc.
![Page 40: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Contact Precautions
• May be transmitted by direct or indirect contact ex: GI, Hepatitis, Skin, Wound
• Private room
• Gloves
• Good Hand washing
• Gown during patient contact
• All patient care equipment should be left in room; thermometer, stethoscope, etc.
![Page 41: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Protective or Reverse Isolation
• Protects patients from organisms in the environment
• Mainly used for immuno-suppressed patients
• Ex: bone marrow transplants, severely burned patients, patients receiving chemo, HIV/AIDS patient
• Anyone entering room to wear a clean or sterile gown, gloves, masks
![Page 42: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Biohazard Sharps Container
Hospitals in the United States generate approximately 4.5 million tons of medical waste each year. About 15% of this waste is considered infectious waste.
![Page 43: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Sharps Disposal #1
• Place used disposable syringes and needles, scalpel blades, and other sharp items in a puncture resistant sharps container located as close as practical to the area in which the items were used,
![Page 44: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Sharps Disposal #2
• Never recap used needles using both hands or any other technique that involves directing the point of th a needle toward any part of the body; rather, use a one-handed “scoop” technique or a mechanical device designed for holding the needle sheath
• If you get stuck report it immediately
![Page 45: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Medical Waste Disposal
• Should be place in red biohazard bags.
• This includes any bandage materials
![Page 46: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Labs
• Glow-Germ Activity
• Hand Washing Lab
• Applying & Removing Gloves
• Sharps Disposal
• Administering Injections
• IV Insertion
![Page 47: Promotion of Safety](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081517/568153e3550346895dc1e2e8/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
SAFETY TEST• According to the Alabama Department of
Education’s BIC Standards, EVERY STUDENT MUST PASS THE SAFTETY TEST WITH 100% ACCURACY!