Promoting Phase 2 R&D on NWGN

August 24, 2012

Tomonori Aoyama

Keio University R&D Advisor of NICT

Drastic change of the ICT requirements occurred in 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake Recognition of importance for reliable networks, cloud services and electric power supply Big Data expanding 1.8 Zetta (10 ) Byte generated in 2011 Explosion of smart phones and SNS services 488 Million Smartphones

> 415 Million (PCs + Tablets) in 2011

Traffic of cellular phone in Japan ⇒ 2.2 times in a year ( 2011 June/ 2010 June)

21

T. AOYAMA 2

Annual global IP traffic will pass the zettabyte threshold by the end of 2016,

Internet Video Will Drive Most Consumer Internet Traffic Through 2016

Sources: http://www.wired.com/magazine/2010/08/ff_webrip/ Cisco estimates based on CAIDA publications, Andrew Odlyzko

email

ftp P2P

Web

Video

2000 199

0

2010

54%

Internet video

(86%, the sum of all

forms of video (TV,

VoD, Internet, and

P2P) )

Sources:http://www.cisco.com/en/US/solutions/collateral/ns341/ns525/ns537/ns705/ns827/VNI_Hyperconnectivity_WP.html

4 © 2012 NTT Laboratories

Broadband Access Services in Japan

‐4‐

（Note1） Access speeds shown are numbers used for commercial purposes, and are the maximum output speeds achievable within the framework of the respective best effort services. （Note2） Mobile etc. includes subscriptions of data communications services plan, and those of WiMAX.

（Source）Fixed accesses are MIC data (as of the end of Dec. 2011) , Mobile etc. is TCA data (as of the end of Mar. 2012). (Some figures are based on financial results materials of the companies.)

ＤＳＬ

ＦＴＴＨ

Mobile etc.

ＣＡＴＶ

Public Wi-Fi

Fixed Mobile

～54Mbps ～75Mbps ～160Mbps ～1Gbps ～50Mbps

～ ～ ～ ～

Approx. 130.5M subs

※including NTTDOCOMO LTE subs approx.2.2M

NTT market share Approx.35％

NTT market share Approx.74％

NTT market share Approx.46％

Access

speed

Approx. 5.9M subs

Approx. 21.9M subs Approx.

7.1M subs

NTT Access Network Service Systems Laboratories -5-

Video Signal Transmission System IP System : Video signal is transmitted as IP frames.

RF System : Video signal is transmitted by using WDM technology.

HE

Video Service Provider

“Hikari TV” （ＩＰ System）

Gateway Building

ＩＳＰ

Internet

ＩＰ （Data）

ＩＰ （Video）

Optical Fiber

ＩＰ （Data and Video） Router

STB

8 4

Customer’s Home

Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting, CS

GE ONU

GE OLT

Analog and Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting Digital Satellite Broadcasting

HE

TA

V-OLT

Gateway Building

Internet

GE OLT

W D M

Data

Broadcasting Optical Fiber

Wavelength multiplexing （Data and Broadcasting）

GE ONU

Customer’s Home

“Flet’s TV” （ＲＦ System）

8 4

V-OLT

V-OLT

WDM

Router

NTT Access Network Service Systems Laboratories -6-

Broadband TV service on FTTH

The number of subscribers of broadband TV service on FTTH (“Hikari TV”

and “Flet’s TV”) is increasing rapidly.

New broadband TV market including video on demand (VOD) is developed.

Services of “Hikari TV”

1.41 million

Fiscal year

The number of subscribers

Recording function by high performance STB (with built-in HDD)

2009年 2010年

Expansion of HD quality channel

“Hikari TV”

“Flet’s TV” （682.5 yen per month）

0.48 million

Satellite broadcasts IP retransmission

0.24 million

0.63 million

TV set with STB function

Karaoke Service

VOD by NHK

VOD Plan VOD and ＋Multi channel broadcasting （3,675 yen per month）

Multi channel broadcasting （2,625 yen per month）

VOD （2,625 yen per month）

7 © 2012 NTT Laboratories

Transformation of the Business Structure

42%30% 25%

29%

37%36%

29% 33% 39%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2009/3 2012/3 2013/3E

Solution

Business etc.

IP Related

Business Legacy

Business

75％

Transformation from a “Telephone Carrier” to a “Global IP/Solution

Company”

8 © 2012 NTT Laboratories

１１２.５Ｍｂｐｓ* ７５Ｍｂｐｓ Max.

Throughput

2012/3 * Nationwide support of 112.5Mbps planned to start in FY2015/3 or thereafter.

2013/3E 2014/3E 2015/3E 2016/3E

Area

expansion

Local cities

All municipalities

Prefectural

capital-size cities

Approx.

８０％

Major cities

Approx.

３０％

Approx.

７０％

Population coverage

Bring forward/accelerate

area deployment

2012/3

2013/3E

2014/3E

2015/3E

Approx.

９８％

(Fiscal year

ended/ing

March 31)

Initial Plan at service launch:

Approx.40%

2013/3E

No. of base stations:

Approx.21,000

Population coverage:

Approx.70%

CAPEX: Approx.170.0 billion yen

Population coverage : Approx. 30% at the end of Mar, 2012. Expand to approx. 70%

by the end of Mar, 2013

Start providing 112.5 Mbps download service in limited areas within 2013/3

Xi ”crossy” (LTE) Area Expansion Plans

Expansion of Mobile Traffic in Japan

○年間約２．２倍のペースで移動通信トラヒックは増加している。

○平成２３年以降は、平成２２年に比べ、より急激にトラヒックが増加している。

（各社のスマートフォン利用者数の増加や、動画等の大容量コンテンツの利用増加等が主要因と推測される。）

62.9 71.2

82.2

105.2

123.5

154.6

181.3

234.8

0

50

100

150

200

250

H2

2.0

6

H2

2.0

9

H2

2.1

2

H2

3.0

3

H2

3.0

6

H2

3.0

9

H2

3.1

2

H2

4.0

3

(Gbps) Average Traffic /Month

564 626

709

883

1018

1251

1430

1799

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

H2

2.0

6

H2

2.0

9

H2

2.1

2

H2

3.0

3

H2

3.0

6

H2

3.0

9

H2

3.1

2

H2

4.0

3

(bps)

Average Traffic /User

98.8

110.6 125.5

157.1 180.6

227.9

270.0

350.2

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

H2

2.0

6

H2

2.0

9

H2

2.1

2

H2

3.0

3

H2

3.0

6

H2

3.0

9

H2

3.1

2

H2

4.0

3

(Gbps) Peak Traffic

+13%

+28%

+17%

２．２３ times /Year

+11%

+25%

+15%

+12%

+25%

+15%

+25%

+26%

+23%

+17%

+18% +14%

+15% +13%

２．２３times /Year

+13%

２．０４ times /Year

+30%

+30% +26%

T. AOYAMA 9

Mobile Broadband Business

‐10‐

Smartphone Sales （Annual sales）

“Xi” LTE Subscriptions（Cumulative）

（Million units）

８.８２

２.５２

：ＦＯＭＡ smartphones ：Ｘｉ smartphones

７.５４

１.２８

７.５０

５.５０

１３.００

2013/3E 2011/3 2012/3

11/3 16/3E 12/3 13/3E

0.03 2.22

5.00

10.00

30.00

20.00

Over 10.00 million

（Million Units）

Approx. 60%

（Note) Packet flat-rate services include subscriptions to “Pake-hodai”, “Pake-hodai full”, “Pake-hodai double”, “Pake-hodai simple”, “Biz-hodai” services, flat-rate data plans and Xi data plans

Cellular Services Revenues （Voice +Packet ）

4,019.0 3,661.3 3,499.5 3,407.4 3,424.9 3,546.0 （Change year-on-year） (-357.7) (-161.8) (-92.4) （+17.5） （+121.1）

2,645.1

Voice Revenues

2,149.6

1,910.5

Packet Revenues 1,589.0

1,511.7

1,694.9

2,071.0 1,712.2

1,233.0

36,290

1,373.9

31,920

17,790

12,810

25,770

Cellular Services Revenues （excluding“Monthly Support”））

1,541.9

1,843.9

41,830

2013/3E 2008/3 2009/3 2010/3 2011/3 2012/3

*Excluding “Monthly Support” 【The impact of “Monthly Support”】 -0.2 -39.2 -242.0 (2011/3) (2012/3) (2013/3E)

* * *

Packet flat-rate

service

subscriptions

(thousands)

（Billions of yen）

（Fiscal year ended/ing March 31）

30.00 million

10.00

(End of year/month)

(End of year/month)

8K Super High-Vision Live Demonstration of London Olympic

T. AOYAMA 11

NWGN/FI

Phase I Phase II

NWGN R&D Started JGN2plus JGN-X Great Earthquake

Big Data

Cloud

Cloud Appeared

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Single Cloud Hybrid Cloud Inter-Cloud

Roadmap for Network and Cloud Evolution

FIND GENI FP7

Phase 1 (2006 – 2010)

- Proposal of new ideas and new concepts for NWGN

- Basic experiments with small scale

- Initial collaboration with FP7 and NSF projects

- Initial activities for standardization

Phase 2 (2011 -2015)

- Select candidate ideas & technologies for NWGN

and concentrate enough budget on them

- Include more industry R&D communities

- Tight collaboration with NSF and FP7 projects

- Promotion of standardization

Phase 3 (2016- 2020)

- Deployment and start of initial services over NWGN

R&D Roadmap for New Generation Network

14

Phase 2 should take into consideration !

Great Earthquake with Tsunami

Disaster Recovery & Eco Society

Evolution of Smart Phone, SNS, M2M

Handling Big Data Traffic

Increase in Hard Cyber Attack

Stronger Network Security

15

Inte

rnet

NW

GN

/FI

ID・Locator ID+Locator

Distributed Control Centralization

Stupid NW Functions within NW

Hard-Defined NW Soft-Defined NW

IP Packet Only Packet/Flow/Circuit

Evolution to NWGN/FI in Phase 2

T. AOYAMA 16

T. AOYAMA 17

NWGN

Telephone Network

Centralized Control Separation of Voice & Signaling

Intelligent NW Circuit Switching

Telephone Number

Distributed Control Integration of Data & Control

Stupid NW Packet Switching

ＩＰ Address

Internet

?

Spiral Progress of Technology

Centralized Control Separation of Data & Control

Intelligent NW Circuit/Flow/Packet Switching

ID-Locator Separation

Optical Path & Packet Integrated Network

スイッチ

2K映像配信

Blu-Ray映像配信

TV会議システム

瞬時ファイル転送

コンテンツダウンロード

瞬時ファイル転送

雪祭り映像配信

光パス用端末 光パス用端末

Fiber 50 km

Fiber 50 km

2K映像配信

Blu-Ray映像配信

TV会議システム

瞬時ファイル転送

コンテンツダウンロード

瞬時ファイル転送

雪祭り映像配信

スイッチ

光パケット用端末 光パケット用端末

光パス x7 光パス x7

光パケット x1 光パケット x1 多ユーザファイル転送

4K映像配信

多ユーザファイル転送

多ユーザファイル転送

4K映像 配信

小金井

100 Gbps

10 Gbps

10 Gbps

Prototype System Future Deployment System

T. AOYAMA 18

19

Network Virtualization Concept Deeply Programmable SDN Networks

Network Virtualization Infrastructure

Cloud Platform1

Cloud Platform 2

Handsets, PCs Appliances, Sensors,…

Content Oriented

NW

Cache Oriented

NW

Future NW

Sensor Processing

ＮＷ

Cloud Access

ＮＷ

ID/Loc NW

Legacy NW

TV Broadcast

NW

Slice 1 Slice 2 Slice N

“Slices” accommodate diverse NWs

VNode Project for Network Virtualization

Abstraction Isolation Elasticity Programmability Authentication Authorization Accounting

Realizing Advanced Network Virtualization Infrastructure

Enabling Any Network In A Slice on Deeply SDN

2008-2010 1st Phase Project (NICT/Utokyo/NTT/NEC/Hitachi/Fujitsu)

2011-2014 2nd Phase Project (Utokyo/NTT/NEC/Hitachi/Fujitsu/KDDI）

funded by NICT

Supporting All the Requirements for Advanced Network Virtualization

Courtesy of Prof. Aki

Nakao ( Univ. of Tokyo)

T. AOYAMA 20

Internet

Architecture of VNode Prototype

DC

R

P

R

P AGW

AGW Users

Users

Internet Programmer

R

P

Redirector (R) Programmer (P)

Slice Traffic

Slow Path

Fast Path

VNode Manager

SP

SP

SP

SP

SP

FP

FP

FP

FP

FP

Forwarding Engines

Data Plane

Tunnel Redirection

Redirector Manager Programmer Manager

Redirector

Access Gateway (AGW)

VNode

Domain Controller

21

Production Router (10Gbps)

VNode Architecture

User Opt-In

User Opt-In

Form he Skelton of Virtualized Networks

Programmability in Virtualized Networks

The University of Tokyo Confidential 22

VNode Infrastructure (extended to US!)

Fukuoka

Hiroshima

Okayama

Osaka

Sendai

NICT Koganei

USA TH SG HK

International Circuit

40Gx2

40G 40G

10G 10G

10G

Wireless Testbed

Sapporo

40G 10G 1G DF

Example

10Gx2 10Gx2

10G

10G

1G

10G

Tokyo

Nagoya

Kanazawa

•7 VNodes, 2 Network Connectors, 11 Access Gateways •Deep Programmability for Experimenting with Arbitrary Protocols (Non-IP)

AGW

AGW

AGW AGW AGW

AGW

AGW

AGW

AGW

AGW

AGW

AGW

NTT Yokosuka

International Circuit Tokyo Area

NICT Otemachi NICT Hakusan UTokyo

VN

VN

VN

NC

NC NC

VN

NC

AccessGateway VNode

Network Connector

KR

VN

VN

VN

AGW

VN

•Slice-Around-The-World Project ( A VNode in U of Utah on ION/StarLight! )

JGN-X Network Figure (from 2011/4)

USA

Thailand

Singapore

Hong Kong

40G 10G

DF

VN Virtual Node

OF Openflow

DCN DCN

Ex

Realizing multiple New Generation Network Planes on a virtual JGN-X network. Also made available is to interconnect with other Testbeds.

VLAN Testbed Network

VN

VN

VN

VN

OF

OF OF OF

OF OF

DCN

DCN DCN

V-node Plane

Openflow Plane

DCN Plane

Optical Testbed Wireless Testbed

1G Virtual Storage

StarBED

To Korea

Optical Testbed

■Koganei-■Otemachi ■Otemachi～Otemachi

Bandwidth International

Japan- USA： 10G Japan - Korea： 10G Japan – Hong Kong： 10G Hong Kong - Singapore 2.4G Singapore - Thailand： 622Mbps

Wireless Testbed

Fukuoka

Hiroshima

Okayama

Osaka

Nagoya

Kanazawa

Sendai

Tokyo NICT Koganei

40Gx2

40G 40G

10G 10G

10G

10G

VN

VN

VN

OF

OF

OF

OF

OF

OF DCN

DCN

DCN

Sapporo

10G

10Gx2 10Gx2

10G

1G

OF

JGN-X Planned POP

Kashima Hakusan Yokosuka Kobe Hokuriku

Keihannna Tsukuba Kyusyu Univ. Kyusyu Inst. Tech Tohoku Univ.

Tokyo Univ. Osaka Univ.

DCN

LA, USA

T. AOYAMA 23

Cloud Computing

New Generation Network/ Future Internet over post-IP

Internet & NGN over IP

Server + Client

Model & P2P

“C”

“I”

Both “I” and “C” will make the Paradigm Shift !

Japan should follow both paradigm shifts ! Otherwise Japanese ICT industry can not survive !

TOMONORI AOYAMA T. AOYAMA 24

Both “ I “ and “ C “ may have the paradigm

shift during this decade.

T. AOYAMA 25

Can “single cloud & hybrid cloud” meet severe requirements for mission critical applications with big data ?

“Inter Cloud” is needed !

T. AOYAMA 26

Highly Reliable Inter-Cloud Systems R&D project funded by MIC

27

Physical World

Sensor Node

Sensor Node

Network

Cloud System A

Cloud System B

Server

Storage

Open Flow Open Flow

AP AP AP Application

Cloud Resource

Federation and

Reconfiguration

Cloud Resource

Provisioning

Real-time Sensor

Node

Dynamically

Reconfigurable NW

based on Open Flow

<2009 - 2012: total 43M$>

27

General Assembly

Board of Directors

1. Collect and share information with organizations and at conferences related to cloud computing

2. Identify technical needs related to secure cloud interworking applicable to e-Government, etc.

3. Develop a standard set of specifications applicable to e-Government, etc. and propose it to relevant standards bodies

1. Identify technical needs related to secure cloud interworking

2. Promote widespread use of cloud interworking technology

Application Task Force Technology Task Force

GICTF: Global Inter Cloud Technology Forum

Chair: Tomonori Aoyama

http://www.gictf.jp/index_e.html

Member: 85 organizations NTT, KDDI, NEC, Hitachi, Fujitsu,

Toshiba, Microsoft, IBM, Oracle, Cisco,

VMware, IIJ, BIGLOBE, NICT, NII, NRI,

etc. , 38 members from Univ. T. AOYAMA 28

JGN-X Tohoku-1

JGN-X Tokyo-1

Base(1) Tokyo

Base(2) Tohoku

JGN-X Kyushu-4

Exclusive Line100M

JGN-X Kyushu-1

• Inter-cloud technology evaluation will start in 2012 on the national-scale test bed where three cloud data centers in Tokyo , Tohoku, and Kyushu will be connected with each other via JGN-X.

29

Inter-cloud test bed planned in 2012

Base(3) Kyushu

Cloud C

Cloud A

Cloud B

T. AOYAMA

Integration of Inter Cloud and

Network Virtualization

Versatile Information Services

Total Handling and Control Mechanism

Important Phase 2 R&D Target for NWGN & Inter Cloud T. AOYAMA

30

Virtual Network Resource Virtual Server Resource Virtual Storage Resource

T. AOYAMA 31

Conclusion

Both “I” and “C” will move to the next paradigm in 2010s.

This paradigm change will impact on the world society.

Traditional business scheme will face a drastic change.

Telecommunication

Broadcast

Advertisement

Newspaper

Publication

Medical and Health Care

Automobile

Agriculture

etc.

Global collaboration for R&D, standardization and

elimination of divide in the world are required.